非谓语做定语的区别市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

非谓语做定语第1页能做定语非谓语动词有：_________，______,_______Wehavealotofhomework______________.我们有很多作业要做.2.Doyouknowtheboy_____________________________?你认识那个在游泳池游泳男孩吗？3.Wearestudyinginaschool___________.我们在一所建于1934年学校读书观察以下句子swimmingintheswimmingpoolbuiltin1934总结动词ing过去分词动词不定式todo第2页意义动词不定式：________________过去分词：________________________动词ing动名词：________________________现在分词：________________________________________________表示还未发生动作表示已经完成，被动动作表示所修饰词一个正在进行，主动动作表示所修饰词性质，用途Wehavealotofhomeworktodo.Doyouknowtheboyswimmingintheswimmingpool.Wearestudyinginaschoolbuiltin1934.第3页朗诵以下句子，思索划线部分充当什么句子成份？充当该句子成份是什么词？1)Thebook

writtenbythepeasantisinteresting.2）Americaisadeveloped

country.过去分词短语作定语过去分词作定语，表示动作已完成。它与被修饰词是动宾关系第4页Chinaisadeveloping

country.4）Didyouknowthegirl

dancingwithyourbrother?5）Theylivedinaroomfacingthenorth.现在分词（短语）与被修饰词是主谓关系，而且表示动作正在进行。现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行现在分词短语作定语，现在分词短语作定语，现在分词（短语）与被修饰词是主谓关系第5页6)Hehasameeting

toattend.7)Ihavealetter

totype.动词不定式作定语，普通表示“未来”意义。动词不定式作定语注意：不定式与被修饰词之间即使是动宾关系，但句子主语是不定式逻辑主语时，不定式要用主动形式（todo)。比较：Ihavealetter

tobetyped.Ihavealetter

totype.前者说明主语I不是type这个动作执行者；后者说明主语I是type这个动作执行者第6页8）另外，假如这这个作定语不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中副词或介词。如：Ineedapentowritewith．(可看成：towritewiththepen)（介宾）Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout．(可看成：toworryaboutnothing)（介宾）第7页9）不定式还用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等不定代词限定中心词。如：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.Thepoorchildrenhadlittletoeat.10）不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如：ability能力；movement活动；ambition理想；effort努力；failure失败；opportunity机会；chance机会；promise许诺；courage勇气；intention意图；decision决定；determination决心motive动机；tendency趋势；wish愿望等。如：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?Ihave

achancetogosight–seeing.第8页不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语表被动情况：1）不定式作定语表示未来动作。如：Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．2）现在分词作定语表示正在进行动作。如：Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．3）过去分词作定语表示已完成动作。如：Thebridgebuiltlastyearisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．第9页注意：现在分词完成式（having+过去分词）不能作定语，此时能够用一个定语从句代替

如：完成作业那些人现在能够回家了。

误：Thosehavingfinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

正：Thosewhohavefinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

第10页1.Shehasnopencil_______.A.towritewithB.towriteaboutC.towriteD.writein2.Shesaidshehadaimportantmeeting_____.A.toattendinB.toattendC.attendD.attendingAB★若作定语动词不定式是vi,后必须要有介词Practice第11页3.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplayingB★不定式做定语时:(1).todo表示事情由句子主语自己做;(2).tobedone表示事情由他人做;第12页4.I’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething______.A.drunk B.todrinkC.tobedrunk D.fordrinking5.Heisalwaysthefirst______questions.A.toanswerB.answeringC.tobeansweredD.beingansweredBA★不定式常作不定代词和序数词，最高级后置定语第13页定语综合练习：用所给词适当形式填空。1)Theyoungman________(sit)betweenJohnandMaryistheeditorofthecampusnewspaper.2)Themeeting,_________(attend)by1,000students,wasasuccess.3)Thehouse_______(build)lastyearismyuncle’shouse.

builtsittingattended第14页4)Thebuilding__________(build)nextyearwillbetheteachingbuilding.5)Thebuilding__________(build)nowwillbethelabbuilding.tobebuiltbeingbuilt不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示即将进行动作就用动词不定式被动式（tobedone)。假如非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词被动式（beingdone)第15页6）Thehouse_______________(

repair）nextmonthwillbemine.7）Thehouse__________________(decorate)nowismine.toberepairedbeingdecorated第16页即时巩固练习用所给动词正确形式填空：1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy．2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected．3)shecanfindnoone_______(make)friendswith．4)Isthereanybody_______(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests_______(invite)totheconferencewereforeigners.beingquestionedrespectingtomaketoanswerinvited第17页6)Shewouldbethebest_______(agree)theopinion．7)Thematter_________(discuss)nowisveryimportant．8)Thatistheway_________(operate)themachine．9)Shewasthenaprofessor_______(love)byallherstudents．10)Becausehehadmuchmoney________(spend)，theboyformedabadhabit．toagreebeingdiscussedtooperatelovedtospend第18页

Thankyou!第19页

非谓语做宾语补足语第20页1）Isawthemissingboyplayingbytheriver.2)Iwillhelpyou(to)improveyourEnglish.3)IsawTomgetintothecar.4)Hehadhiscarrepairedyesterday.5)Wefoundoneoftheglassesbroken.现在分词作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语被动，完成含义表状态，表完成意义表动作主动正在进行表未来主动意义强调主动动作全过程第21页see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento1.能接宾语补足语几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态感官动词第22页①Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.②Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.③Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.主语+感官动词+名词+省略to动词不定式(dosth.)动词现在分词(动词ing)动词过去分词（V-ed）感官动词接不同宾补区别（省略to动词不定式：表示宾语动作全过程）（表示宾语正在进行主动动作）（表示宾语一个被动或完成动作）结构comeintotheclassroomcomingintotheclassroomtaken这个结构假如换成被动语态，宾那么主语补足语中to要还原。Shewasseentocomeintotheclassroom.第23页1.能接宾语补足语几类动词:Isawhim_______(play)basketballontheplaygroundjustnow.Hewasseen______(play)basketballjustnow.Theteachersawhim___(slip)awayfromtheclassroom.playingslipplaying练习第24页2.带有“致使”含义使役动词(make,have,

let,

get,keep,leave等)惯用结构①havesth.done=getsth.done“使/让某事由他人去做”（叫/让某人做某事）。I’llhave/getmybikerepairedtomorrow.另外,havesth.done还表示“使遭受……”之意。Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.Mr.Smithhadhishousebrokenintowhilehewasawayonholiday.第25页makeoneself/sthdone表示让/使自己被……普通搭配：makeoneselfunderstood/heard/seen/noticed/recognized/known如:Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.第26页②havesb./sth.doing使/让某人/物连续地做某事（现在分词表示主动，正在进行）getsb./sth.doing使某人/物开始行动起来如：Thepeasantshadthetractorworkingdayandnightattheharvesttime.农忙时，农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。第27页注意：“havesb.doing”若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”之意。如：Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourparentslikethat.我不会让你那样子跟你父母说话。Don’thavethewaterrunningallthetime.不要让水流个不停。第28页③havesb.dosth=makesbdosth=letsbdosth=(getsb.todosth.)使/让/叫某人去做某事如：Motherhadmebuysomesalt.Tomoftenmakeshissistercry.

Letmehelpyou.Ican’tgethimtostopsmoking.Hewon’tlistentome.第29页3）Theteacherhadhim________(stand)allthetime.1）Hewantstomake/have/gethimself_____（hear）.2）Themothergetherdaughter

_______（help)

herinhouseworkallday.练习heardtohelpstanding第30页4)Hegothissister_________(write)

aletterforhim.5)Ihadthatdoor___________(paint)onlylastweek.6)Ourteachershaveus______(do)ourhomeworkeveryday.7)Thebosshadtheworkers_______(work)allnightlong.8)AweekagoIhadahundreddollars__________(save).towritepainteddoworkingsaved第31页Leave使用方法1）leave后接三种形式作宾补时，其中leave保留了原来之义“留下”，但表示确实切之义应是“使……处于某种状态）。leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事Heleft,leavingmetodoalltherestwork.（主动，未来）他走了，留下我一人去做剩下工全部工作。leavesb/sthdoingsth.让某人/某物一直做某事（宾语和宾补之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。）如：It’swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.你让机器一直开着是不正确.（主动，正在进行）第32页leavesth.undone留下某事未做（宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系，表示被动和完成，一般以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched为多）Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,becausetheydidn’ttastedelicious.客人们没有动大部分菜，因为它们尝起来不可口。（被动，完成）leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做（不定式表示将来动作。）Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.我们匆慌忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。（被动，将来）第33页keep1)Themanagerpromisedtokeepme________(inform)ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.2)Themotherdidn’tpayanyattentiontoherson’srequest.Shewentoutandlefttheboy______(cry)intheroom.sb/sthdoing(让某人/某物一直处于某种状态）Sth.done(使某事物被…）注意keep和leave在该句型中含有使役意味，但同时也保留了本身意义，keep有“保持”意思，leave有“留下”意思。练习informedcrying第34页①她想让他人明白她意思。Shewantedto____________________.②你应该让大家知道你观点。Youshould_____yourviews______.③她把自己一颗牙拔掉了。She________hertooth_________.④司机无法将车子开启。_________couldn’t_______________.⑤他闭着眼睛。__________________.⑥他起床太慢，以致于留下午饭没吃完。_______soslowlythathe___________________.makeherselfunderstoodgot/hadpulledout.ThedrivergetthecarstartedHekepthiseyesclosedHegotupleftthelunchunfinishedmakeknown第35页3）.“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词（want,wish,like,expect,order等）Theteacherdidn’twanttheproblem（tobe)discussedatthemoment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。第36页①我们想让这项工作在6点整完成。___________________at6o’clock.②他命令计划在周五前执行。_______________________beforeFriday.③他不希望将此事提及。Hedidn’t____it_________.④我想把我鸡蛋煮了。Iwould______________.⑤父母们期望孩子们得到好照料。______________________good_____.WewanttheworkfinishedwishmentionedlikemyeggsboiledHeorderedtheplancarriedoutParentsexpectchildrentakencareof第37页5）“with＋宾语＋非谓语动词”结构①Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____(tie)behindhisback.②Withalotofwork_________（finish）,hewon’tgotravelingwithus.③Withthefrontdoor________（paint）,hewasnotallowedtogoout.④Withaman________(stare)her,thegirlfeltupset.总结：动词不定式（todo）通常表示

；动词-ing形式通常表示

，动词beingdone表示—————动词-ed形式则含有________tiedtofinishbeingpaintedstaring未来动作主动/进行动作被动完成动作正在进行被动动作第38页

Thankyou!第39页1.用不定式作定语几个情况：1）不定式表未来：Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.2）用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等不定代词限定中心词。如：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.Thepoorchildrenhadlittletoeat.3）不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如：ability能力；movement活动；ambition理想；effort努力；failure失败；opportunity机会；chance机promise许诺；courage勇气；intention意图；decision决定；determination决心；motive动机；tendency趋势；wish愿望等。如：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?Ihave

achancetogosight–seeing.不定式、分词和动名词作定语区分：通常放在被修饰名词后面第40页不定式、分词和动名词作定语区分：4）它和被修饰名词有时有动宾，主谓等关系。如：Hewasthefirstmantodothejob

（主谓）I’dliketogetsomethingtodrink．（动宾）Thereisnotimetogothere.（主谓）DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?（主谓）第41页另外，假如这这个作定语不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中副词或介词。如：Ineedapentowritewith．(可看成：towritewiththepen)（介宾）Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout．(可看成：toworryaboutnothing)（介宾）第42页5）看成定语不定式所修饰名词或代词是不定式动作承受者时，不定式既能够用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不一样。试比较：Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式tosend动作执行者是“你”）Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或他人）寄东西吗？（不定式tobesent动作执行者是“我”或“他人”）Practice:1).I’mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Doyouhaveanything___________(take)toyourson?2).AreyougoingtoBeijing?Doyouhaveanything__________(take)toyourson?tobetakentotake第43页不定式作定语总结：1.若作定语动词不定式是vi,后必须要有介词;2.(1).todo表示事情由句子主语自己做;(2).tobedone表示事情由他人做;3.不定式常作不定代词和序数词,最高级后置定语。第44页Practice1.Shehasnopencil_______.A.towritewithB.towriteaboutC.towriteD.writein2.Shesaidshehadaimportantmeeting_____.A.toattendinB.toattendC.attendD.attendingAB★若作定语动词不定式是vi,后必须要有介词I.不定式作定语第45页3.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplayingB★不定式做定语时:(1).todo表示事情由句子主语自己做;(2).tobedone表示事情由他人做;第46页4.I’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething______.A.drunk B.todrinkC.tobedrunk D.fordrinking5.Heisalwaysthefirst______questions.A.toanswerB.answeringC.tobeansweredD.beingansweredBA★不定式常作不定代词和序数词，最高级后置定语第47页2）现在分词和动名词作定语区分1.现在分词和被修饰名词有逻辑上主谓关系。单个分词作定语放在被修饰名词前面，分词短语放在被修饰名词后面。如：Afishingboywassittingattheendoftheboat.（主动，正在）Thesoldierridingahorsewasmybrother．Theylivedinaroomfacingthenorth.2.动名词用来说明用途，和被修饰名词在逻辑上无主谓关系。动名词作定语只能放在被修饰名词前面。如：Therewasonlyonefishingboatontheriver．

(用来打鱼------说明用途)Theoldmanneedsawalkingstickwhenhegoesout．（用来走路----拐杖------说明用途）（主动，正在）（主动）第48页Ihavearadiomade

inChina.注意一些动词固定使用方法：Thelittlegirldressed

inwhiteisMary.(bedressedin)-----表示状态3）过去分词done作定语，语态是被动。单个放在名词前修饰，过去分词短语放在名词后进行修饰。Lookatthebrokenglasses.（被动，完成）（被动，完成）第49页(3)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语有时在时态上有区分1）不定式作定语表示未来动作。如：Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．2）现在分词作定语表示正在进行动作。如：Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．3）过去分词作定语表示已完成动作。如：Thebridgebuiltlastyearisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．第50页4）现在分词完成式（having+过去分词）不能作定语，此时能够用一个定于从句代替

如：完成作业那些人现在能够回家了。

误：Thosehavingfinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

正：Thosewhohavefinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

第51页即时巩固练习用所给动词正确形式填空：1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy．2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected．3)shecanfindnoone_______(make)friendswith．4)Isthereanybody_______(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests