路德维希·密斯·凡德罗Ludwing Mies Van der Rohe

1、Professional English for Industrial Design 工业设计专业英语 产品设计F11O1 201125010214,Ludwing Mies Van der Rohe,Ludwing Mies Van der Rohe 18861969 （路德维希密斯凡德罗,In 1886, after Mies was born in Germany Aachen to set up his own laboratory was renamed the Mies Van der Rohe. Mies was originally a mason, young study b

2、ackground, even without a formal high school education. But its impact on modern architecture, has been difficult to surpass,1886年，密斯生于德国亚琛建立自己的实验室之后便更名为密斯凡德罗。 密斯原本为一石匠，年轻时苦学出身，甚至没有正式的高中学历。但是它对现代建筑的影响，已很难有人能超越,For the building itself, Mies is not the same as the other three people in style but archi

3、tectural concept. Mies work with Gropius in 1908 to 1911 years and the architect Peter Behrens, and study many things from the middle school. The German born architect moved to America in 1937, served as the director of Chicago Institute of Architecture Department of amor in 1938 to 1958 . 对于建筑本身而言,

4、密斯在风格上与他们三人还是不尽相同，但在建筑理念上，总体还是差不多的。 密斯和格罗皮乌斯在19081911年间与著名建筑大师彼得贝伦斯一起工作，并从中学到了相当多的东西。这位德国土生土长的建筑师于1937年移居美国，19381958年任芝加哥阿莫尔学院建筑系主任,Mies Van der Rohe was one of the famous architects with Walter Gropius ,Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier. 密斯凡德罗是同瓦尔特格罗皮乌斯、弗兰克劳埃德赖特、勒柯布西耶齐名的著名建筑师之一,Mies Van der Rohe

5、is one of the founders of modernism, the mid twentieth Century four masters of modern architecture is one of the most famous in the world, the third president of Bauhaus. Because the tendency of the Bauhaus and socialism are not the Nazi authorities inclusive, so was forced to shut down. Mies and Pr

6、esident Gropius exiled to America, as the Illinois Institute of architecture. 密斯凡德罗是现代主义的奠基者之一，二十世纪中期世界上最著名的四位现代建筑大师之一，包豪斯第三任校长。 因为包豪斯倾向及社会主义色彩不被纳粹当局包容，所以被迫关闭。密斯与校长格罗皮乌斯等人流亡到美国，出任伊利诺理工学院建筑系主任,National Gallery Berlin, Germany 德国柏林新国家美术馆 National Gallery was designed by Mies van der Rohe, built in 196

7、8, which in itself is a steel and glass sculpture, the ground floor gallery is only as a temporary exhibition of art, mainly display in the lower layer, other service facilities in the ground. The museum was completed in a womans death, his exploration of the steel and glass of pure artistic style o

8、f song, some call it is steel and glass of modern parthenon. 德国柏林新国家美术馆是由密斯凡德罗设计，于1968建成，其本身是一件钢与玻璃的雕塑，美术馆的地面层只作临时性展览之用，主要美术品陈列在地下层中，其他服务设施也在地下。这座美术馆在密斯逝世后才完工，是他毕生探索的钢与玻璃的纯净建筑艺术风格的绝唱，有人称它是钢与玻璃的现代“帕特农神庙,Farnsworth house 范士沃斯住宅 Farnsworth housewas built in Illinois USA in 1946. It just like an overhea

9、d with transparent glass box, crystal purity. 范士沃斯住宅于1946年建成于美国伊利诺斯州，她就像一个架空的四边透明的玻璃盒子，水晶一般纯净,German Pavilion of Barcelona International Fair,Spain 西班牙巴塞罗那博览会德国馆 巴塞罗那国际博览会德国馆，密斯范德罗的代表作品，建成于1929年，博览会结束后该馆也随之拆除，其存在时间不足半年，但其所产生的重大影响一直持续着。密斯认为，当代博览会不应再具有富丽堂皇和竞市角遂功能的设计思想，应该跨进文化领域的哲学园地，建筑本身就是展品的主体。密斯范德罗在这

10、里实现了他的技术与文化融合的理想。在密斯看来，建筑最佳的处理方法就是尽量以平淡如水的叙事口吻直接切入到建筑的本质：空间、构造、模数和形态,angle and function, should be entered the garden culture philosophy field, the building itself is the main exhibits. Mies Van de Lo achieved his technology and ideal of cultural fusion in here. In a woman, the best solution for a b

11、uilding is as far as insipid as water directly into the narrative nature of Architecture: space, structure, module and morphology,German Pavilion of Barcelona International Fair, the representative works of Mies Van der Rohe, built in 1929, after the fair to the museum have been dismantled, the exis

12、tence of time less than half a year, but a significant impact of the continued. Smith thought, contemporary Expo should no longer has the design idea of magnificence and competing,German Pavilion of Barcelona International Fair,Spain 西班牙巴塞罗那博览会德国馆 In order to welcome the king and queen of Spain, Bar

13、celona chair was designed by Mies on Barcelona world fair in 1929, coordinated with the famous German museum. This volume oversized chairs also clearly shows a noble and dignified identity. The Expo is Smiths masterpiece, but because of the unique design idea of architecture, but no suitable furnitu

14、re and a lining, so he had to be specially designed to meet the king and queen of Barcelona chair. 巴塞罗那椅由密斯在1929年巴塞罗那世界博览会上，为了欢迎西班牙国王和王后而设计，同著名的德国馆相协调。这件体量超大的椅子也明确显示出高贵而庄重的身份。当年的世博会德国馆是密斯的代表作，但由于建筑的设计意念独特，竟没有合适的家具与其搭衬，所以他不得不专门设计了巴塞罗那椅来迎接国王和王后,New York Seagram Building 纽约西格拉姆大厦 After the two world wa

15、rs of the 50s, pay attention to the tendency of fine technical to western architectural field dominance. And it also represents the Smith, the pursuit of pure, transparent and accurate steel construction glass box as this tendency. Seagram Building is the classic works of this kind of tendency. The

16、buildings main cuboids which is erected, except ground floor, building curtain wall steep, neat and tidy, no change. Window frames are made with copper, the wall also projected an I-shaped cross section copper strip, increase the concavo convex wall and vertical upward momentum. The details of the w

17、hole building have been carefully considered, concise and meticulous, highlighting the material and the process of aesthetic Lu quality. The girl I am in the Seagram Building skyscraper idea in the early 20s, is considered one of the classic works of modern architecture,二次大战后的50年代，讲究技术精美的倾向要西方建筑界占有主

18、导地位。而人们又把密斯追求纯净、透明和施工精确的钢铁玻璃盒子作为这种倾向的代表。西格拉姆大厦正是这种倾向的典范作品。 大厦主体现为竖立的长方体，除底层外，大楼的幕墙墙面直上直下，整齐划一，没有变化。窗框用铜材制成，墙面上还凸出一条工字形断面的铜条，增加墙面的凹凸感和垂直向上的气势。整个建筑的细部处理都经过慎重的推敲，简洁细致，突出材质和工艺的审美吕质。西格拉姆大厦实现了密斯本人在20年代初的摩天楼构想，被认为是现代建筑的经典作品之一。 Although Mies Van der Rohe died more than 20 years, but the style and the exquis

19、ite his emphasis on technology with less is how to advocate and the use of glass, greatly enriched the art of architecture, the Seagram Building became his best monument. When people see the building, they will think of this one outstanding architectural designer. 虽然密斯凡德罗去逝二十多年了，但他那种讲求技术的精美的风格和那种以“少

20、”就是“多”的主张以及对玻璃的使用，大大丰富了建筑艺术，西格拉姆大厦就成了他最好的纪念碑。每当人们看到这座大厦，就会想起这一位杰出的建筑设计师,Design idea and style Architectural design philosophy of Mies Van de Roden less is more new concept of space of flows, advocated in the processing technique. Each detail down to the absolute realm can not be streamlined his desi

21、gn works, many works structure is almost completely exposed, but they are noble, elegant, the structure itself has been rising Huawei architectural art. Because the form of simple, easy to imitate, so soon affect all over the world, also affect the other is design field, so it is called international style. But today the international style has a lack of early modernism black hand Bang style social ideal and critical spirit. Later imitators may not be as Mies general attention on details of the structure. Mies played a considerable role in man