2023年高一暑假话题阅读天天练：著名的人（含答案）

第第页2023年高一暑假话题阅读天天练：著名的人（含答案）2023年高一暑假话题阅读天天练：著名的人

（共5题）

一、阅读理解题（共5题）

ALifelongDevotiontoKeepingPeopleFed

YuanLongpingisaChineseagriculturalscientistandeducator,knownfordevelopingthehybridricevarieties.

YuangraduatedfromtheSouthwestAgricultureInstitutein1953andbeganhisteachingcareeratanagricultureschool.

Inthe1960s,whenaseriousfoodshortagesweptChina,Yuandecidedtodevotehimselftostudyinghowtoincreasetheyieldsofrice.Hethenbeganalifelongconnectionwithrice.

Yuansucceededingrowingtheworld'sfirsthigh-yieldinghybridricevarietiesin1973,whichcouldreachayieldofover500kgpermu(about0.067hectares),risingfromthepreviousyieldofonly300kgpermu.Forthenextfourdecades,hecontinuedtoworkonresearchanddevelopmentofhybridrice,achievingincreasinglyhigheroutputs.In2023,hybridricedevelopedbyYuan'steamachieved1,500kilogramspermuintwogrowingseasons,anewworldrecord.

InChina,wherericeisthemainfoodforthemajorityofthe1.4billionpeople,theplantingareaofhybridricehasreached16millionhectares,or57%ofthetotalplantingareaofrice,helpingfeedanextra80millionpeopleayear.

Hybridricehasalsobeengrowninover40countries,includingtheU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam,thePhilippinesandMadagascar.Thetotalplantingareaofthehybridricehasreached8millionhectaresoverseas.

Evenafteragreatsuccess,Yuanneverheldhimselfbackfrommakingnewbreakthroughs.In2023,histeamstartedtogrowseawaterriceinQingdao.Thericewasdesignedtogrowinsaline-alkalinelandsurviveevenafterbeingcompletelyinseawater.Histeamplannedtodevelopatypeofseawaterricethatcouldbeplantedin6.67millionhectaresofsaline-alkalinelandacrossChinatoboostthecountry'sriceharvestbyabout20%.In2023,Yuan'steamwasinvitedtoplantthesaline-alkalinetolerantriceinexperimentalfieldsinDubai,whichachievedhugesuccess.InJune2023,histeamstartedtogrowseawaterriceonafarmatanaltitudeof2,800metersinnorthwestChina'sQinghaiProvince.Theexperimentsucceeded.

Yuanhadtwodreams—to"enjoythecoolunderthericecropstallerthanmen"andthathybridricecouldbegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvetheglobalfoodshortage.

(1)WhatmadeYuanLongpingdecidetostudyrice

A．Aseriousfoodshortage.

B．Agriculturedevelopment.

C．Hisinterestinthericeexperiment.

D．Hiswishtoplantthetallestriceintheworld.

(2)Fromthepassage,weknowthatYuanLongping_____.

A．developedavarietyofhybridrice

B．workedasascientistaftergraduation

C．startedtogrowseawaterriceinDubaiin2023

D．grewthefirsthigh-yieldinghybridricevarietiesin1953

(3)WecaninferfromthepassagethatYuanLongping'smostoutstandingqualitiesare_____.

A．modestandoutgoingB．honestandcreative

C．generousandoptimisticD．responsibleanddevoted

SoccerstarCaliLloydmadehistorythisyearasamemberoftheUnitedStateswomen'snationalsoccerteam,whichwonthe2023FIFAWomen'sWorldCup.LloydbecamethefirstpersonevertoscorethreegoalsinasinglegameduringaWomen'sWorldCupFinal,helpingtheU.S.beatJapan5-2inthefinalmatch.Duringthatgame,Lloydscoredanastonishingtwogoalswithinthefirstfiveminutesofplay.

Lloydwasnamedthemostvaluableplayerof2023WorldCupandawardedtheGoldenBallTrophy.InNovember,itwasannouncedthatLloydwasontheshortlist(候选人员名单)forFIFA'sPuskasAward,fortheseason'sbestsinglegoal.ThegoalbeingconsideredwasherthirdduringtheWorldCupFinal,whichsheshotfromthefield'shalfwayline,50yardsfromthenet.Sheistheonlywomannominated(被提名)thisyear.

Lloydbecameaforceinwomen'ssoccerlongbeforetheU.S.team'sWorldCupwon.ShegrewupinDelranNewJersey,asmalltownnearPhiladelphia.Pennsylvania.Shebeganplayingsocceratage5.Athighschool,shewasapowerhouseinthesport.ThePhiladelphiaInquirernamedherthebestfemalehighschoolsoccerplayerin1999and2000.SheattendedRutgersUniversity,inNewJersey,whereshewasacollegiatesoccerstar.Shegraduatedastheschool'sall-timeleaderinbothpointsandgoals.

LloydhaswontwoOlympicgoldmedals.Shehasscoredwinninggoalsinmanyimportantmatches,includingthefinalsinboth2023and2023Olympic.Inall,Lloydhasscoredmorethan70goalsasamemberofthewomen'snationalteam.Shehasalsoplayedonseveralprofessionalteams,andiscurrentlyamidfielderwiththeHoustonDash,intheNationalWomen'sSoccerLeague.

Offthefield,CaliLloydgivesbacktohercommunitybyrunningasoccercampforyoungpeopleinNewJersey.SheisahometownheroinDelran;alocalice-creamshopevennamedaflavorCali'sCakeBatterCookieDoughKickinherhonor.

(1)Lloydmadehistoryin2023by_____.

A．attendingtheOlympicGames

B．winningthe2023FIFAWomen'sWorldCupascaptain

C．joiningtheUnitedStateswomen'snationalsoccerteam.

D．scoringthreegoalsaloneintheFIFAWomen'sWorldCupFinal.

(2)Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout

A．Lloyd'sinfluenceonherteam.

B．Lloyd'sawardsafterhersuccess.

C．Lloyd'shopeasasoccerplayer.

D．Lloyd'sproblemsinhercareer.

(3)LloydisahometownheroinDelranbecause_____.

A．SheistheonlyOlympicGameswinner

B．Sheteachesyoungpeopletoplaysoccer

C．Shedidsomethingforhercommunityinretun

D．Shehassetanexampletohercommunitypeople

SusanSontag(1933—2023)wasoneofthemostnoticeablefiguresintheworldofliterature.Formorethan40yearsshemadeitmorallynecessarytoknoweverything—toreadeverybookworthreading,toseeeverymovieworthseeing.Whenshewasstillinherearly30s,publishingessaysinsuchimportantmagazinesasPartisanReview,sheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturelife,tryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliterature,filmandart.Withgreateffortandseriousjudgment.Sontagwalkedatthelatestedgesofworldculture.

SeriousnesswasoneofSontag'slifelongmottos,butatatimewhenthebarriersbetweenthewell-educatedandthepoor-educatedwereobvious,shearguedforatrueopennesstothepleasuresofpopculture.InNotesCamp,the1964essaythatfirstmadehername,sheexplainedwhatwasthenalittle-knownsetofdifficultunderstandings,throughwhichshecouldnothavebeenmorefamous.NotesonCamp,shewrote,represents"avictoryof'form'over'content','beauty'over'morals'".

Byconviction(信念)shewasasensualist(感觉论者),butbynatureshewasamoralist(伦理学者),andintheworksshepublishedinthe1970sand1980s,itwasthelattersideofherthatcameforward.InIllnessasMetaphor—publishedin1978,aftershesufferedcancer—shearguedagainsttheideathatcancerwassomehowaspecialproblemofrepressed(被压抑的)personalities,aconceptthateffectivelyblamedthevictimforthedisease.Infact,re-examiningoldpositionswasherlifelonghabit.

InAmerica,herstoryofa19thcenturyPolishactresswhosetupaperfectsocietyinCalifornia,wontheNationalBookAwardin2000.Butwhatmadeherachievelastingfamewasasatireless,all-purposeculturalview.

"Sometimes,"sheoncesaid,"Ifeelthat,intheend,allIamreallydefending…istheideaofseriousness,oftrueseriousness."Andintheend,shemadeustakeitseriouslytoo.

(1)ItisimpliedbutnotstatedinthefirstparagraphthatSontag_____.

A．wasasymbolofAmericanculturallife

B．developedworldliterature,filmandarts

C．publishedmanyessaysaboutworldculture

D．keptpacewiththenewestdevelopmentofworldculture

(2)Shefirstwonhernamethrough_____.

A．publishingessaysinmagazineslikePartisanReview

B．herstoryofaPolishactress

C．herexplanationofasetofdifficultunderstandings

D．herbookIllnessasMetaphor

(3)FromtheworksSusanpublishedinthe1970sand1980s,wecanlearnthat_____.

A．shewasmoreofamoralistthanasensualist

B．shewasmoreofasensualistthanamoralist

C．shebelievedrepressedpersonalitiesmainlyledtoillness

D．shewouldliketore-examineoldpositions

(4)Accordingtothepassage,SusanSontagwouldagreetotheideasexcept_____.

A．weshouldtryhardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliterature,filmandart

B．cancercanbedefeatedbecauseitisaspecialproblemofrepressedpersonalities

C．"form"shouldbeover"content","beauty"shouldbeover"morals"

D．weshoulddefendtheideaofseriousness,oftrueseriousness

(5)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout

A．Alifelongmotto:seriousness.

B．SusanSontagisthesymbolofAmericanculture.

C．HowSusanSontagbecamefamous.

D．AnintroductiontoSusanSontagandhermotto.

Superheroesareeverywhere:incomicbooks,movies,andvideogames.Butwhatinfluence,ifany,dosuperheroeshaveonourbehaviorArescarchteamatStanfordUniversitydecidedtoexplorethisquestionbysettingupavirtualrealityexperiment.Inthestudy,peopleweregivenatask—tofindandsaveasickchild.Onegroupofparticipants(参与者)wasmadetofeelasthoughtheycouldflylikeSuperman,whileanothergrouptookonthesametaskinavirtualplane.Afteritwascompleted,eachparticipantwasinterviewed.Duringtheinterviews,theresearcherspretendedtoaccidentallyknockoveracupfilledwithpens.

PeoplewhohadjustflownlikeSupermanwerenotonlyquickertohelp,butpickedupabout15percentmorepens,whilesomeoftheotherparticipantsfailedtoofferanyhelpatall.Thissuggeststhatheroicbehaviorinavirtualenvironmentmightbecomehelpfulbehaviorintherealworld.

Superheroesmayhaveanimportantinfluenceonchildren,saysDr.AmyBailey,ascientistatKidsFIRSTMedicalCenter,Dubai.Shesaysthattheriskofsuperheroplayisthatsometimeschildren'sbehaviorcangetoutofcontrol.Concernoverpossibleaggressive(好斗的)behaviorhasledtosomeschoolsnotallowingsuperheroplayintheclassroom.

"Thereisabigdifferenceinthemoviesuperherooftodayandthecomicbooksuperheroofyesterday,"saysscientistSharonLamboftheUniversityofMassachusetts.Nowadays,Lambsays,theyhavebecomeaggressive,bad-mannered,andseldomspeakofthevirtue(美德)ofdoinggoodforhumanity.

JeffGreenberg,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona,islesscritical(批评的)oftoday'ssuperheroes.Accordingtohim,superheroesgivechildrenconfidenceandcansendapositivemessage.Manysuperheroes—suchasSpider-Man—usetheirpowertoprotecttheweak.

Ifyoudesigngamesthatareviolent,people'saggressivebehaviorincreases,saysJeremyBailenson,wholedtheStanfordUniversitystudy.Buthealsobelievesthatvideogamesandotherformsofsuperheroentertainmentcouldbedesignedtotrainpeopletobemorehelpfulintherealworld.

(1)WhatdidthestudyfindoutabouttheSupermanparticipants

A．Theyfeltlikelendingahand.

B．Theybecamemoreconfident.

C．Theywereaggressiveintherealworld.

D．Theyactedbravelyonlyinthevirtualworld.

(2)Whydidtheresearchersknockoverthecup

A．Itwasjustasmallmistake.

B．Itwasapartoftheexperiment.

C．Theywantedtoseehowachildwassaved.

D．Theyplannedtotesthowpeoplepickeduppens.

(3)WhatisLamb'sattitudetotoday'ssuperheroes

A．Thankful.B．Respectful.C．Unfavorable.D．Uncaring.

(4)WhichofthefollowingmayJeffGreenbergagreewith

A．Superheroessetgoodexamplestochildren.

B．Superheroplayshouldbestoppedatschool.

C．Superheroentertainmentcouldberedesigned.

D．Superheroesinmoviesarelessviolentthanbefore.

BobDylan:NottoBeDefined

BobDylanisafolk-rocksinger,songwriterandguitaristknownasoneofAmerica'sgreatestlivinglegends.

Inhisearlyyearshelistenedtotheradio—firsttobluesandcountrystations,andlatertorockandroll.WhenhewasenrolledattheUniversityofMinnesota,hisfocusonrockandrollgavewaytoAmericanfolkmusic.Hesaid:"Thethingaboutrock'n'rollwasn'tenough…thesongsweren'tseriousordidn'treflectlifeinarealisticway.IknewthatwhenIgotintofolkmusic,itwasmoreofaserioustypeofthing."

Dylan'sriseasasongwriterandperformercoincidedwith(与……不谋而合)"thetorchbeingpassedtoanewgeneration".Healsowrotesongsprotesting(抗议)abuseofblackpeopleinthesouthfortheirjobequality.

BobDylanquicklybecameaniconofsocialprotest.Hebroughtanintellectualaswellasemotionalaspecttohissongs.Thecollegestudentslovedit.Other1960sperformerspickeduphissongs.Dylanwassuchauniquemusicianthathesangwitharaspy(嘶哑的)voiceandhadaharmonica(口琴)wiredaroundhisneck.

Hehasinsistedonchoosinghisownidentity.Therefore,BobDylanisanotedexampleofIdentityIndependence.Hehasnotdiedlikesomeotherrockiconsbutlivedandperformedandconstantlymovedon,reshapinghimselfinvariousways.

OnOctober13,2023TheNobelPrizecommitteeannouncedthatitwouldbeawardingDylantheNobelPrizeinliterature"forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition.Hisbanquetspeechstated:"Fromanearlyage,I'vebeenfamiliarwithandreadingandabsorbingtheworksofthosewhowereregardedworthyofsuchadistinction:Kipling,PearlBuckandHemingway.ThatInowjointhenamesonsuchalististrulybeyondwords."

(1)

A．Hewrotetwosongsthatcametodefinethespiritofthatera.

B．Dylanhasstubbornlyrefusedtobewhatotherpeoplewantedhimtobe.

C．Youcallyourselfwhatyouwanttocallyourself,becauseitisthelandofthefree.

D．Thesongsarefilledwithmoresadness,moresuccess,andmuchdeeperfeelings.

E．Hementionedinaninterview:Whoeverdreamsaboutsomethinglikethat

F．Thesegiantsofliteraturewhoseworksaretaughtintheschoolhavealwaysmadeadeepimpression.

(2)

A．Hewrotetwosongsthatcametodefinethespiritofthatera.

B．Dylanhasstubbornlyrefusedtobewhatotherpeoplewantedhimtobe.

C．Youcallyourselfwhatyouwanttocallyourself,becauseitisthelandofthefree.

D．Thesongsarefilledwithmoresadness,moresuccess,andmuchdeeperfeelings.

E．Hementionedinaninterview:Whoeverdreamsaboutsomethinglikethat

F．Thesegiantsofliteraturewhoseworksaretaughtintheschoolhavealwaysmadeadeepimpression.

(3)

A．Hewrotetwosongsthatcametodefinethespiritofthatera.

B．Dylanhasstubbornlyrefusedtobewhatotherpeoplewantedhimtobe.

C．Youcallyourselfwhatyouwanttocallyourself,becauseitisthelandofthefree.

D．Thesongsarefilledwithmoresadness,moresuccess,andmuchdeeperfeelings.

E．Hementionedinaninterview:Whoeverdreamsaboutsomethinglikethat

F．Thesegiantsofliteraturewhoseworksaretaughtintheschoolhavealwaysmadeadeepimpression.

(4)

A．Hewrotetwosongsthatcametodefinethespiritofthatera.

B．Dylanhasstubbornlyrefusedtobewhatotherpeoplewantedhimtobe.

C．Youcallyourselfwhatyouwanttocallyourself,becauseitisthelandofthefree.

D．Thesongsarefilledwithmoresadness,moresuccess,andmuchdeeperfeelings.

E．Hementionedinaninterview:Whoeverdreamsaboutsomethinglikethat

F．Thesegiantsofliteraturewhoseworksaretaughtintheschoolhavealwaysmadeadeepimpression.

答案

一、阅读理解题（共5题）

1.【答案】

(1)A

(2)A

(3)D

【解析】

(1)这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国农业科学家和教育家，以培育杂交水稻品种而闻名的袁隆平的个人经历以及所做出的突出贡献。

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inthe1960s,whenaseriousfoodshortagesweptChina,Yuandecidedtodevotehimselftostudyinghowtoincreasetheyieldsofrice.”（20世纪60年代，当一场严重的粮食短缺席卷中国时，袁隆平决定致力于研究如何提高水稻产量）可知，严重的食物短缺让袁隆平决定研究水稻。

(2)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Evenafteragreatsuccess,Yuanneverheldhimselfbackfrommakingnewbreakthroughs.In2023,histeamstartedtogrowseawaterriceinQingdao.Thericewasdesignedtogrowinsaline-alkalinelandandsurviveevenafterbeingcompletelyinseawater.Histeamplannedtodevelopatypeofseawaterricethatcouldbeplantedin6.67millionhectaresofsaline-alkalinelandacrossChinatoboostthecountry'sriceharvestbyabout20%.In2023,Yuan'steamwasinvitedtoplantthesaline-alkalinetolerantriceinexperimentalfieldsinDubai,whichachievedhugesuccess.InJune2023,histeamstartedtogrowseawaterriceonafarmatanaltitudeof2,800metersinnorthwestChina'sQinghaiProvince.Theexperimentsucceeded.”（即使取得了巨大的成功，袁隆平也没有放弃新的突破。2023年，他的团队开始在青岛种植海水水稻。这种水稻可以在盐碱地中生长，即使完全浸泡在海水中也能存活。他的团队计划开发一种海水水稻，这种水稻可以在全国667万公顷的盐碱地上种植，从而使中国的水稻产量提高约20%。2023年，袁隆平的团队受邀在迪拜的试验田种植耐盐碱水稻，取得了巨大成功。2023年6月，他的团队开始在中国西北部青海省海拔2800米的一个农场种植海水水稻。实验成功了）可知，袁隆平培育了各种各样的杂交水稻。

(3)推理判断题。根据第四段“Yuansucceededingrowingtheworld'sfirsthigh-yieldinghybridricevarietiesin1973,whichcouldreachayieldofover500kgpermu(about0.067hectares),risingfromthepreviousyieldofonly300kgpermu.Forthenextfourdecades,hecontinuedtoworkonresearchanddevelopmentofhybridrice,achievingincreasinglyhigheroutputs.In2023,hybridricedevelopedbyYuan'steamachieved1,500kilogramspermuintwogrowingseasons,anewworldrecord.”（1973年，袁成功培育出了世界上首批高产杂交水稻品种，每亩产量超过500公斤（约0.067公顷），而此前每亩产量只有300公斤。在接下来的40年里，他继续研究和开发杂交水稻，取得了越来越高的产量。2023年，袁隆平团队培育的杂交水稻在两个生长季节内亩产达到1500公斤，创造了新的世界纪录）以及最后一段“Yuanhadtwodreamsto"enjoythecoolunderthericecropstallerthanmen"andthathybridricecouldbegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvetheglobalfoodshortage.（袁隆平有两个梦想！——“享受比人高的水稻作物下的凉爽”，以及杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，以帮助解决全球粮食短缺）”可知，袁隆平长年致力于杂交水稻的培育，且梦想帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题，可见他最突出的品质是负责任和献身精神。

2.【答案】

(1)D

(2)B

(3)C

【解析】

(1)细节题。由第一段的第二句"LloydbecamethefirstpersonevertoscorethreegoalsinasinglegameduringaWomen'sWorldCupFinal,helpingtheU.S.beatJapan5-2inthefinalmatch."可知她一人进球三分，帮助米国队赢得胜利，这是前所未有的记录，所以她创造了历史，故答案选D。

(2)主旨题。第二段主要是讲了Lloyd被提名为最优价值球员的过程，讲的是她成功后获得的成就，故答