英语专业泛读第四册unit 1 expedition

1、 Introduction to This Course I. The learning contents of the textbook： Unit 1， 4， 6， 8，10， 12 2-3 weeks for each unit. II. Learning objectives 1) To have a compprehensive training of all reading skills; 2) to improve your comprehensive capabilities of English; 3) to pass the TEM-4 (Test for English

2、Majors-Band 4) on 22nd, April, 2017 III. The arrangement of each unit： Word Dictation (the learned ones last week)： Review of reading skills: 阅读技巧回顾: 每次两部分；四周完成。 Lead-in questions:话题引入问题：（必要时，需要进行representation，做PPT） Word protest:课前词汇练习 课文A的学习：互动、探讨式 每次课上，一组学生负责一个单元的问题的回答。六个单元，共六组。包括内容学习的问题和词汇练习。 5.

3、 课文B, C: 自学为主，阅读并做题。 IV. Extracurricular reading： 一天一篇英文名著 In 40 works; 15 works are compulsory. Homework: write two reading reports with no less than 300 words. Unit 1 Science in the Sahara：Man of the DesertPreviewing questions：Pa 1 scanning: Stefan Kropelins first research trip to the eastern Saha

4、ra did not start well. Why?Pa 2 scanning: What is Stefan Kropelin? What hardships had he experienced?Pa 3 skimming: He had achieved a lot in his field work. What are they?Pa.4Skimming: How did he start his interest in his sense of adventure to the Sahara Dissert?Pa 5Scan: What is the meaning of “Inh

5、ospitable” in the first sentence of pa.5?How about his attitude to his work? pa.6 1. What research has he done? 2. What was researchers idea about the Sahara in the past? Pa.7 Will the pa. be about his doubt to others research? Pa 8 What is the conclusion of his research？ Pa 9 Skimming the main idea

6、 of pa.9. Pa 10 What about his research results from Lake Yoa? Pa.11 scanning: How have his trips placed him in difficult situations? Pa.12 skimming: why nature is the enemy? Pa.13 skimming: What other works has he done? Pa.14 What does he plan to do in the Sahara? Why does he do such things? I. Dis

7、cussing questions: I. 1. Have you ever been to a desert? What is a desert like? 2. Have you read Sanmaos book: Sahara Desert? Can you tell a story about Sanmao? 3 What do you know about the Sahara Desert? About its location; countries located there; climate; geography;animals; plants; peoples life,

8、etc. 4. Are you interested in exploration in a desert or adventure? Why? 5. Can you predict the main contents of the text? 6. What qualities should an explorer own? II. 7 Suppose you lived in the desert, how would you plan to arrange your life there? 8. Can you tell a story in the desert? 9. Do you

9、know some famous explorers in the world? 10 Can you tell some famous explorers stories?Unit 1 Science in the Sahara：Man of the DesertII. Do word pretest before going to text. Check the meaning of new words:III. The text: Pa. 1 scanning: How about Stefan Kropelins first research trip to the eastern S

10、ahara? Why? Remote: adj. 1）far distant in place or time偏远的，偏僻的. 2）冷漠的;冷淡的;与人疏远的;清高的sb does not want to be friendly or closely involved with other people. Eg She looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote. 她相貌如此美丽，同时又如此清高不群。 Plateau：1. N-COUNT a large area of high and fairly flat land.高原 Eg

11、A broad valley opened up leading to a high, flat plateau of cultivated land. 一条宽阔的山谷展现在眼前，通往一处平整的开垦地高原。 Sediment 英 sedmnt n. 地沉淀物；沉积物，沉渣 复数：sediments 1. N沉渣;沉淀物 Sediment is solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid, especially earth and pieces of rock that have been carried along and the

12、n left somewhere by water, ice, or wind. Deposition 英 depzn n. 沉积（物） Canyon：1. N a long, narrow valley with very steep sides. (陡峭狭长的)峡谷，溪谷 Eg .the Grand Canyon. (美国的)大峡谷 Embark：英 mb:k vi. 上飞机，上船；着手，从事 vt. 使上船或飞机；使从事，使着手；投资于 词条标签：考研 IELTS V. start doing something difficult 着手；开始做 Eg Hes embarking on

13、a new career as a writer. 他即将开始新的职业生涯当一名作家。 Oasis：可数名词 a small area in a desert where water and plants are found. （沙漠中的）绿洲 2. N-COUNT a pleasant place or situation as an oasis when it is surrounded by unpleasant ones. （恶劣环境中的）宜人之地，乐土；（不愉快情形下的）开心之时，乐事 Pa 2 scanning: What is Stefan Kropelin? What hard

14、ships had he experienced? Ordeal：. N-COUNT (常单数) If you describe an experience or situation as an ordeal, you think it is difficult and unpleasant. 煎熬；磨难；折磨 Eg the painful ordeal of the last eight months. 过去8个月的痛苦煎熬 Expedition：N-COUNT an organized journey that is made for a particular purpose such a

15、s exploration. 远征;探险 Eg Byrds 1928 expedition to Antarctica. 伯德1928年前往南极洲的探险 Bout：1. N-COUNT a bout of an illness or of an unpleasant feeling, you have it for a short period. （疾病或不愉快情绪的）发作 A bout of Eg He was recovering from a severe bout of flu. 他患了严重的流感，尚未痊愈。 Roam：V wander or travel around it with

16、out having a particular purpose. 漫步;漫游;游荡;闲逛 synonym： roll，wander，swan，stray，tramp，cast，ramble，rove，range，drift，vagabond gad meander EG Barefoot children roamed the streets. 光脚丫的孩子们在街上游荡。 seminal：1. ADJ 正式 things such as books, works, events, and experiences that have a great influence in a particul

17、ar field. (书、作品等在某一领域)有重大影响的，影响深 eg .the author of the seminal book Animal Liberation. 有着巨大影响的动物解放一书的作者 Pa 3 skimming: He had achieved a lot in his field work. What are they? Lobby：n. 大厅； 大堂； 前厅 复数：lobbies 过去式：lobbied 过去分词：lobbied 现在分词：lobbying 第三人称单数：lobbies 1. VERB to persuade them that a particul

18、ar law should be changed or that a particular thing should be done.向（政府官员、委员会委员等）进行游说（或疏通） Eg Carers from all over the UK lobbied Parliament last week to demand a better financial deal. 英国各地的家庭看护人员上周向议会游说，要求改善经济待遇。 翻译：他对撒哈拉气候的历史作出了重大发现，这些发现是关于世界在日益变暖的将来可能面临的临界点的挑战性假设。 Pa 4 Skimming: How did he start

19、 his interest in his sense of adventure to the Sahara Dissert? Pa5 Scanning: 1.What is the meaning of “Inhospitable” in the first sentence of pa.5? 2 How about his attitude to his work? 3 Whats the main idea of pa.5? Circumspect 英 s:kmspekt adj. FORMAL ADJ-GRADED 小心的;谨慎的;谨言慎行的 cautious in what you d

20、o and say and do not take risks. Eg The banks should have been more circumspect in their dealings. 那些银行在交易中本该更加谨慎的 Adv circumspectly Eg I would suggest that for the time being you behave as circumspectly as possible in political matters. 我建议，目前在政治事务上你还是尽量小心为妙。 Whats the main idea of pa.5? Can you fi

21、nd a central idea in pa.1-5? I . Pa.1-5 Summary: Introduction to Kropelins and his research: his first research trip to the eastern Sahara. His job now; his descoveries; why he started his adventure; his hard working environment and his careful attitude to work. Pa 6 1. What research has he done? 2.

22、 What was researchers idea about the Sahara in the past? Quest: n. (literary) 可数名词 A quest is a long and difficult search for something. 追求，探索，寻找 Quest for n Eg My quest for a better bank continues. 我继续寻找一家更好的银行。 savannah英 svn n. a flat grassland in tropical or subtropical regions（热带和亚热带）无树大草原 cycli

23、cal英 sklkl adj. A cyclical process is one in which a series of events happens again and again in the same order. 循环的;周期的 词条标签：GRE Eg .the cyclical nature of the airline business. 航空业的周期性 Monsoon: N-COUNT a seasonal wind in southern Asia; blows from the southwest (bringing rain) in summer and from th

24、e northeast in winter; the season in Southern Asia when there is a lot of very heavy rain.可数名词(南亚地区的)季风季节，雨季 Eg.the end of the monsoon. 雨季的尾声 Champion: V If you champion a person, a cause, or a principle, you support or defend them. 支持；拥护；捍卫 Eg He passionately championed the poor. 他满腔热情地捍卫穷人的利益。 Ice

25、 sheet：n. a large thick area of ice, especially one that exists for a long time. (尤指长期存在的)冰盖，冰冠，冰原 flip：V-ERG 及物/不及物动词 If something flips over, or if you flip it over or into a different position, it moves or is moved into a different position. (使)移动;(使)转动;(使)翻动 Eg The plane then flipped over and bu

26、rst into flames. 接着飞机突然翻转并燃起了大火。 Pa 6 翻译句1： 这个想法得到了哥伦比亚大学彼特的支持，他研究了从热带大西洋中提取的深海沉淀物的地核，在一定量的尘土里看到了急速上升的尘土，这些尘土是在气候变化时期从大陆吹掉的。 翻译句2： 与模式（撒哈拉大沙漠是突然转换为大草原的）一致的沉淀物的记录意味着，这个星球许多敏感的组成成分像季风模式、亚马逊和撒哈拉植被，极地冰原，甚至大西洋循环在一定情况下，将会从一个稳定的状态移动到另一个状态。 板块构造（plate tectonics）理论是一种现代地球科学理论。其产生于20世纪60年代（Wilson，1965）。 板块构造认

27、为，地球表层（岩石圈）是由厚度大约为100-150 km的巨大板块构成，全球岩石圈可分成六大板块，即太平洋板块、印度洋板块、亚欧板块、非洲板块、美洲板块和南极洲板块，其中只有太平洋板块几乎完全在海洋，其余均包括大陆和海洋。 板块间的分界线是海岭、海沟、大的褶皱山脉和裂谷与转换断层带。该理论对地质地理学以及生物学影响很大。不同大陆上地层、矿产、动植物分布，只有通过板块构造的理论才能够解释。 Pa.7 Will the pa. be about his doubt to others research? Mesh：可变名词material like a net made from wire, th

28、read, or plastic. 网眼织物;网状物 Eg The ground-floor windows are obscured by wire mesh. 一楼的窗户装有防盗网。 2. V-RECIP-ERG If two things or ideas mesh or are meshed, they go together well or fit together closely. (使) 相匹配;(使)相互协调;(使)吻合 V with n Eg Their senses of humor meshed perfectly. 他们的幽默感配合得天衣无缝。 pique 英 pi:k

29、 v. make you interested or curious. 激起，引起（兴趣或好奇心）词条标签：TOEFL GRE Eg This phenomenon piqued Dr Morris interest. Reconnaissance： N. exploration；inspection; the activity of obtaining military information about a place by sending soldiers or planes there, or by the use of satellites. 不可数名词（派士兵或飞机）侦察；（用卫星

30、）搜索，勘测 eg The helicopter was returning from a reconnaissance mission. layer英 le(r) vt. 把分层堆放； vi. 形成或分成层次； n. 层，层次；膜；植压条；放置者，计划者 Pollen：n. a fine powder produced by flowers. It fertilizes other flowers of the same species so that they produce seeds. 花粉 cache英 k n. 藏物处；隐藏处；藏匿的珍宝 vt. 贮藏 vi. 躲藏 翻译句：他从以

31、前的勘察工作中了解了撒哈拉沙漠中的一个地方，这个地方的气候记录时间足够长，可以检验他的想法，这个地方是一系列稳定的湖泊，在乍得东北部偏远的 盆地，实际上是一个与利比亚和苏丹接壤的无雨而且臭名昭彰的不安全地区。 翻译句：湖的深处有含有气候标志物的沉积物形成层次. Pa 8 Vegetate：英 vedtet vi. lead a passive existence without using ones body or mind；2. establish vegetation on;过单调呆板的生活；植物似地生长；词条标签：GRE VERB If someone vegetates, they s

32、pend their time doing boring or worthless things. 过单调无聊的生活;无所事事地生活 2 produce vegetation;长植物 Eg They vegetated the hills behind their house Pa 8 Whats the conclusion of his research? Can you make a summrary to pa.6-8? II. Pa. 6-8 Summary: about His research: he doubts about others research and he get

33、s his own research result. II. pa. 9-10 His debate with others and his satisfying discoveries. Pa 9 Skimming: What s the main idea? modeller：1. N-COUNT a person who creates models（或过程）模型创立者 eg climate modellers. 气候模型的创立者 Tip：n. 小窍门；小费；末梢 the tip of n EG The sleeves covered his hands to the tips of h

34、is fingers. 袖子遮住了他的手，一直盖到指尖。 vt. If you tip an object or part of your body or if it tips, it moves into a sloping position with one end or side higher than the other. (使)倾斜;(使)斜侧 EG He leaned away from her, and she had to tip her head back to see him. 他倾着身子避开她，她不得不把头向后歪着看他。 Perturbation：可变名词 a small

35、 change in the movement, quality, or behaviour of something, especially an unusual change. （尤指不常出现的）小变化 Pa 10 Crown：n. coronate 王冠；花冠（有时象征胜利）；王权；（某物的）顶部 vt. top（尤指通过增添成就、成功等）使圆满；为加冕；使圆满完成；给以荣誉 2. adj. be the culminating event 到绝顶的，终极的，最后的 到绝顶的；最高的； 终极的； 计划的高潮 EG The speech crowned the meeting Arid:

36、adj. dry；barren；waterless不毛的；干旱的 干旱的;不毛的 Arid land is so dry that very few plants can grow on it. Eg the arid zones of the country. 该国的干旱区域 tributary英 trbjtri n a stream or river that flows into a larger one. 支流；进贡国；附庸国；进贡者 adj. （需向）进贡的；附庸的；辅助的；支流的 eg .the Napo river, a tributary of the Amazon. Exti

37、nct adj. nonextant, no longer in exsistence灭绝的；绝种的；消逝的；破灭的 EG an extinct species of fish 翻译句：他对约阿湖的研究结果给他在这个地区的长期发现画上了一个圆满的句号。 What about his research results from Lake Yoa? Pa 11 extended英 kstendd adj. rawn-out，lengthy，prolonged，protracted延伸的；伸展的；延长的； 1. ADJ 形容词（时间）长的，延长的 If something happens for a

38、n extended period of time, it happens for a long period of time. EG Obviously, any child who receives dedicated teaching over an extended period is likely to improve. v. 延伸(extend的过去式和过去分词)；伸展；延长 Outlaw： n. 歹徒，亡命之徒；逃犯；被剥夺法律保护者，丧失公权者；烈马 vt. 宣布为不合法；将放逐；剥夺的法律保护 smuggle vt. 偷运；私运；走私；不按规章地偷带（人或物） vi. 走私；

39、偷带 词条标签：CET6 考研 TOEFL IELTS GRE V take them there illegally or secretly. 走私;私运;偷运 Sudan： N a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Egypt and the United Kingdom in 1956; involved in state-sponsored terrorism Skim pa11 the main idea of the paragraph？ Pa 12 bombardm

40、ent：可变名词a strong and continuous attack of gunfire or bombing. 炮击，轰炸 EG The city has been flattened by heavy artillery bombardments.城市已被猛烈的炮火夷为平地。 Canister： a strong metal container. It is used to hold gases or chemical substances. (储存气体或化学品的)金属罐,金属桶 EG Riot police hurled tear gas canisters and smoke

41、 bombs into the crowd. 防暴警察向人群中投掷了催泪瓦斯罐和烟幕弹。 Roulette：英 ru:let n. 轮盘赌；骑缝线；旋轮线 轮盘； 轮盘赌； 一般旋轮线； 俄罗斯轮盘 IV. Pa.11-12 Summary? Pa.14 Foolhardy：Adj. 有勇无谋的;蛮干的 extremely risky. EG When he tested an early vaccine on himself, some described the act as foolhardy. 当他在自己身上试验还处在初级阶段的疫苗时，有些人说他的行为是蛮干。 Solo: n. someone does something alone rather than with other people. 独唱（曲），独奏（曲）；单飞；单人表演 adj. 单独的；独自的；独唱的；独奏的 adv. 单独地，独自地 EG He had just completed his final solo album.