高考英语语法讲解 名词性从句

【英语】2014年高考英语语法讲解——名词性从句（Englishgrammarexplanationin2014collegeentranceexamination--nounclause）Englishgrammarexplanationin2014collegeentranceexamination--nounclauseI.wordorderproblemRule1:nounclausesusedeclarativewordorderinasentenceThechoiceoftheII.guidewordThe1.clauseisconvertedfromdeclarativesentencewithoutanyinterrogativemeaning.Guidedbythat,andthethatconjunctionisnotmadeintheclause2.clausesareconvertedfromgeneralquestions,containinginterrogativemeanings.Bootbywhether,ifThe3.clauseisconvertedfromaspecialinterrogativesentence,containingtheinterrogativemeaning.Guidedbytheconjunctionofwh-,andthewh-conjunctionismadeupofclauses.Connectpronounwhat/who/,which/whose,/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever,linkadverbwhere,/when/why/how/wherever/whenever/.Ruletwo:thedifferencebetweenwhetherandifWhetherandifcanbeinterchangedintheobjectclause,butwhentheyareprepositionalobjects,theconjunctionisusuallywhether.Suchas:It,all,depends,on,whether,they,will,come,back.Second,directlywithornot,withwhether.Suchas:I,didn,t,know,whether,or,not,he,had,,arrived,in,WuhanWhethercanonlyusethesubjectclauseandpredicativeclause.Suchas:Whether,the,meeting,will,be,put,off,has,not,,been,decided,yet.The,question,is,whether,they,have,so,much,money.Thewhethercanguidetheappositiveclausestoshowinfrontofthecontentofthenoun,notif.Suchas:We,ought,to,discuss,carefully,the,question,whether,we,can,,do,it,ornot.Whetherisoftenusedwithortoindicateachoice;ifcannotdoso;whethercanalsobeusedwithaverbinfinitive,butifcannot.Suchas:The,question,of,whether,they,are,male,or,female,,is,not,important.I,have,not,decided,whether,to,go,or,not.Thewhethercanguideanadverbialclauseofconcessionsaid"nomatter","no",butnotif,butyoucanguideanadverbialclauseofconditionthat"if":Whether,he,comes,or,not,we,will,begin,our,,party,on,time.If,I,have,time,tomorrow,I'll,go,to,visit,Tom.Rulethree:subject,clauseandobjectclausecanbebackedby"it"inpropercircumstances.1.subjectclausescanbereplacedbyit(asaformsubject)inthefollowingstructuralexpressions.(A)It,is,clear/certain/likely/true/surprising,that...(B)It,is,a,pity/shame/good,idea/no,wonder,that...(C)It,is,said/reported/believed/known/thought/suggested,that...(D)It,seems/happens,that...2.,theobjectclausecanbereplacedbyit(asaformobject):Subject+predicateclausessuchasItAdj/N:I,think,it,necessary,that,we,have,the,meeting.Rulefour:whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,howeverandnomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhowthedifference:theformercanguidethenounclauses,canalsoguidetheadverbialclausesofconcession,whilenomatterisonlyguidetheadverbialclauseofconcession.Rulefive:payattentiontotheuseofsubjunctivemoodinNounClauses(1)theuseofsubjunctivemoodinobjectclauses."Wish+objectclause"meansthewishthatcannotberealized......"Justfine,wait.".Saiditcan'tachievethedesireofclausesinthepredicateverbinthesimplepast;saidthatinthefuturecannotachievetheaspirations,clausesofthepredicateverbin"would/could+verb";saidthepastcannotrealizetheaspirationsoftheclausesofthepredicateverbin"had+pastparticiple"Intheproposal,said,thecommandverbssuggest,advise,propose,demand,require,insistrequest,command,orderetc.aftertheverbobjectclauses,clausepredicateverb(should)+verborverb.Suchas:She,suggested,we(should),leave,here,at,once.The,doctor,ordered,she(should),be,operated,on.(2)theuseofthesubjunctivemoodinthepredicativeclauseandappositiveclause.Assuggested,requirementsandordersetc.,idea,order,advise,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,requestetc.thepredicativeclauseandappositiveclause,clauseofpredicateverb+verb"(should)".Suchas:His,suggestion,that,we(should),go,to,Shanghai,is,wonderful.My,idea,is,that,they(should),pay,100,dollars.(3)theuseofsubjunctivemoodinsubjectclauses.Inthesubjectclause,thesubjunctivemoodoftheverbisexpressedas"should+verbprototype"