英语复习【市一等奖】

专题复习陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句

1．肯定句的基本结构(1)主语＋不及物动词＋其他．Thesunisrising.太阳正在升起。(2)主语十及物动词＋宾语＋其他．Iboughtabookinthebookstore.我在书店买了一本书。(3)主语＋连系动词＋表语＋其他．Myfatherisateacher.我父亲是一位老师。(4)主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语＋其他．IgaveJackapresentforhisbirthday.我送给杰克一件生日礼物。1陈述句(5)主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语＋其他．Iaskedhimtohelpmewithmymath.2．否定句的构成(1)如果谓语动词中含有be动词、情态动词或助动词，则在这些词的后面直接加not构成否定句。Iamnotastudent.(2)如果谓语动词只由行为动词构成，则在行为动词的原形前加上don't/doesn't/didn't构成否定句。如：Idon'tgotoschoolonSundays(3)有些词本身表示否定意义，是否定词，如nobody,hardly,never,

noone,nothing,few,little,none,neither等。如：There'slittlewaterinthebottle.

(4)有些情态动词的否定形式较为特殊，如：may的否定形式可以是maynot,can't,mustn't;must的否定形式可以是can't,needn't,mustn't，要结合具体语境选择恰当的否定形式。如：—MustIfinishthecompositiontoday?

—No,youneedn't.Youcanfinishittomorrow.

(5)hadbetterdosth.的否定形式是hadbetternotdosth.。如：You'dbetternoteatsomanyhamburgers.(6)如果主句是Ithink/guess/believe…，其后的宾语从句表示否定意义时，常将否定词提到主句中，即否定主句。如：Idon'tbelievehecancarrytheboxbyhimslf.

Mary________liveinShanghainow.ShelivesinLondonwithherfather.A．doB．doesC．don'tD．doesn't2疑问句1．一般疑问句(1)结构：Be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他？(2)答语:Yes，主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词．

No，主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋not.如：—Isheadocor？—No,heisn't.

—Doyouwanttogotoschool?

—Yes,Ido.

2．特殊疑问句(1)结构：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句？(2)答语：根据实际情况作出相应的回答。如—Whichbikeisyours?

—Theredone.

3选择疑问句(1)结构：一般疑问句＋or＋另一个被选择的对象？特殊疑问句，AorB？如：—DoyoulikeEnglishorChinese?

—IlikeChinese.

Whichdoyouprefer,applesorbananas?

—Apples.

4．反意疑问句(1)结构：陈述句(肯定形式)＋附加疑问句(否定形式)?陈述句(否定形式)＋附加疑问句(肯定形式)?(2)答语：与一般疑问句的答语相同，但注意在问答“前否后肯”形式的反意疑问句时，yes和no在意义上的变化(此时yes的意思是“不”，no的意思是“是”)。如：—Youdidn'tgotoschoolyesterday,didyou?

—Yes,Idid.不，我去上学了。—No,Ididn't.是的，我没去上学。(3)附加疑问句部分的注意事项①附加疑问句部分的主语一般为人称代词主格，但必须和陈述句部分的主语保持一致。如：Mr.BlackteachesyouEnglishthisterm,doesn'the?②陈述句为therebe句型，附加疑问句部分用bethere。如：

Thereisapenonthedesk,isn'tthere?3陈述句为复合句时，附加疑问句部分的主语与主句的主语保持一致；如果复合句是Ithink/believe/guessthat…，附加疑问句部分的主语与从句的主语保持一致。如：Youdon'tknowwhereyourpenpalisfrom,doyou?

Idon'tthinkyouareright,areyou?

⑥陈述句是“Do/Be型的肯定祈使句”时，附加疑问句部分用will/won'tyou结构；如果是否定祈使句，则用willyou。如：Don'tmakesomuchnoise,willyou?Openthedoorforme,will/won'tyou?⑦陈述句是“Let's型的肯定祈使句”时，附加疑问句部分用shallwe；陈述句是“Letme型的肯定祈使句”时，附加疑问句部分用willyou。如：Let'sgoswimming,shallwe?

Letmecarrytheboxforyou,willyou?

⑧若陈述句中含有little,few,nothing,nobody,never,none等否定词时，附加疑问句部分用肯定结构。如：

There'snobodyintheroom,isthere?

3感叹句类型结构例句what型What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！Whatanhonestpersonheis!他是一个多么诚实的人啊！What＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多美的花啊！how型How＋主语＋谓语！Howtimeflies!时光飞逝！How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！Howbravethelittlegirlis!这个小女孩多么勇敢啊！how型How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！Howcleveraboyheis!他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！【典例4】—________weather!It'sraining.—Badluck!Wecan'tgoclimbingtoday.A．WhatbadB．HowbadC．WhatfineD．Howfine

【典例5】—Dad,doyoulikemypicture?—________It'sthenicestoneI'veeverseen!A．Whatbeautiful!B．Howcareful!C．Howwonderful!D．Whatwonderfulpicture!4祈使句

类型结构例句Do型动词原形＋其他；

Don't＋动词原形＋其他Turnonthelight,please.请把灯打开。Be型Be＋表语；Don't＋be＋表语Don'tbeafraid!不要害怕。Let型Letsb.(not)dosth.

Lethimnotgohome.别让他回家。【典例6】—________hereontimenexttime,oryou'llbepunished.—Sorryforbeinglateagain.A．BeB．Being

C．TobeD．Been

【典例7】—________giveup,Mary.—Thanksforencouragingme.A．Don'tB．Don'tbe

C．NotbeD．Benot5倒装句结构及意义例句“So＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语”表示与前面的情况一样。(肯定式)—HecomesfromGuilin.他来自桂林。

—SodoI．我也是。“Neither＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语”表示与前面的情况一样。(否定式)—Heisn'tastudent.他不是学生。—NeitherisJenny.珍妮也不是。“So＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/be动词”表示主语确实如此。—LiMingisabraveman.李明是一个勇敢的人。—Soheis.的确如此。Here/There＋谓语＋名词；Here/There＋代词＋谓语Herecomesthebus.公交车来了。

Hereitis.在这儿。┃考点过关┃

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)1.

Philip,pleaseputawayyoursocks,________？A．do

youB．don'tyouC．didyouD．won'tyouD(

)2.

—IhearJay'sconcertwillbeheldinHefeionMay17th.—________excitingmessage!A．HowB．WhatC．HowanD．WhatanD(

)3.

—________doyougotothecinema,Linda?—Notevenonce!A．HowmuchB．HowsoonC．HowoftenD．HowlongC

(

)4.—________smokehere,Dad.Smokinghasbeenbanned(禁止)inpublicplaces.—You'reright.A．Don'tbeB．BenotC．NottobeD．Don'tD(

)5.—Whoputthekeyonthedeskjustnow?—I________．A．doesB．do

C．didD．doingC(

)6.He'sneverbeentotheGreatwall,________?A．isheB．isn'theC．hasn'theD．hasheD(

)7.—Welikeplay－ingtennisafterschool.—________．A．SoIdoB．SodoIC．SoamID．SoIamB(

)8.2014·合肥寿春中学模拟—Youhaven'tbeentoHawaii,haveyou?—________.HowIwishtogothere.A．Yes,IhaveB．Yes,IdidC．No,Ididn'tD．No,Ihaven'tD

(

)1.Idon'tthinkshewillagreewithus,________？A．willsheB．won'tshe

C．don'tyouD．doyou语法专练A(

)2.________kindgirlNancyis!Sheisalwaysreadytohelpthestudentsintrouble.A．WhataB．WhatC．HowD．Howa(

)3.—________canyoufinishthereportonfoodsafety?—Intwodays.A．HowfarB．Howmuch

C．HowoftenD．HowsoonAD

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)4.—He'salreadycomebacktoAustralia,________？—Yes.Wewatchedamovietogetherlastnight.A．isn'theB．doesn'the

C．hasn'theD．hashe(

)5.Boysandgirls,________yourhandsifyouwanttotakepartinthesummercamp.A．puttingupB．toputupC．putupD．putCC

。(

)6.—IhearYangmadeanEnglishspeechatthegraduationceremonyyesterday.—________，and________．A．Soshedid;sodidIB．Sodidshe;soIdidC．Soshewas;soIwasD．Sowasshe;soIwasA(

)7.—________wonthe100thgoldmedalattheOlympicsforChina?—ZhangYining.She'sfromBeijing.A．WhoB．WhatC．WhenD．WhereA(

)8.—________didyougraduatefromprimaryschool?—Attheageof11.A．WhenB．HowC．WhereD．WhyA

。(

)9.________sunnyday!Let'sgosurfing,Frank!A．WhataB．WhatC．HowaD．HowanA(

)10.Thesunissobright.Let'sgofishing,________？A．don'tyouB．willyouC．doyouD．shallweD(

)11.—________haveyoulivedinSuqian,Jane?—Forabout16years.A．HowmanyB．HowmuchC．HowlongD．Howoften(

)12.2014·曲靖________funnythejokeis!Itmakesussmilefromearstoears.A．WhatanB．WhatC．HowanD.HowD(

)13.—I'mleavingforXisaiMountainthisafternoon.—________youhavepackedeverything.A．TobesureB．BeensureC．BeingsureD．Besur