译林牛津版-模块九-第二单元-语言点详解-上学期1

PAGEPAGE10模块九第二单元语言点详解1.inparticular特别地;尤其particular:adj.1.特殊的;特定的;特别的Theteachershowedparticularconcernforthedisabledchild.老师特别关心那个残疾儿童。2.特有的,独特的;异常的[Z][B]Herparticularwayofsmilingleftagoodimpressiononme.她特有的微笑给我留下了美好的印象。3.(过于)讲究的;苛求的,挑剔的[(+about/over)][(+wh-)]Sheisparticularaboutwhatsheeats.她过分讲究吃。4.细致的,详细的[B]n.1.个别的项目,细目[C]Theparticularmayhavetobesatisfiedtothegeneral.为顾全总体个别的项目也许不得不放弃。2.详细情况[P]Isupposethesecretaryknowstheparticularsoftheplan.我想那位秘书知道这一计划的详细情况。3.特点,特色[C]2．sacred:adj.1.神的,宗教(性)的TheKoranisthesacredbookoftheIslam.《古兰经》是伊斯兰教的圣典。2.神圣的;不可侵犯的;庄严的;郑重的Hemadeasacredpromise.他做出了郑重的许诺。3.祭祀(某神)的;奉献给...的;专供...用的[Z][F][(+to)]ThismonumentissacredtothememoryoftheUnknownSoldiers.这一纪念碑是为纪念无名将士而创建的。3.smooth:adj.1.平滑的,光滑的;平坦的Thatroadissmooth.那是一条平坦的路。2.平静的;平稳的Thesealookscalmandsmooth.海洋看上去风平浪静。3.(运转)滑顺的;(事情)进行顺利的Everythingissmoothjustnow.此时此刻,诸事顺利。4.(文体,言语等)流畅的;(音色)柔和的,悦耳的;(味道)可口的,均匀的5.(性情等)平和的;和蔼的6.圆滑的,迎合讨好的7.(液体,浆糊等)调匀的;(酒)温和的adv.1.光滑地,平滑地2.平稳地3.圆滑地4.流畅地vt.1.使光滑,使平滑;把...弄平;烫平[(+out/down)]Shesmoothedherdresswithanelectriciron.她用电熨斗烫平衣服。2.轻轻地(或均匀地)涂抹[O]Inwintermanypeoplesmoothmoisturingcreamovertheirfaces.冬天,许多人在脸上搽润肤霜。3.使(文体,举止等)优雅;使(脸部表情)平和下来4.消除(障碍,困难,分歧等)[(+out/over/down/away)]Thiskindofbeautycreamissaidtobeabletosmoothawaywrinkles.据说这种美容霜能消除皱纹。5.铺平(道路);使顺利vi.1.变光滑;变平滑2.变平静;变缓和[(+down)]Thingshavesmootheddown.事情已经缓和下来。n.1.一段平地;草坪;一泓静水2.(东西的)平滑部分;(事情的)如意方面4.defeat:vt.1.战胜,击败TheFrenchdefeatedtheEnglishtroops.法国人打败了英国军队。2.使失败,挫败Ourhopesweredefeated.我们的希望落空了。3.【律】使无效,废除n.[C][U]1.失败,战败,挫折Theaggressorsweredoomedtodefeat.侵略者注定要失败。2.战胜,击败5.seize:vt.1.抓住;捉住Thepoliceseizedanescapingconvict.警察抓住了一个在逃犯。2.夺取;攻占Theenemyseizedthetownafteraviolentattack.敌人猛攻后占领了这个城镇。3.逮捕;掳获4.没收;扣押;查封Thecustomsofficersseizedthesmuggledheroin.海关官员没收了走私的海洛因。5.抓住(时机等),利用6.掌握,理解7.(疾病)侵袭;(情绪)支配,控制[H][(+by/with)]8.【律】依法占有vi.1.抓住,捉住;夺取[(+on/upon)]Weseizedonhisremarkandregardeditasapromise.我们抓住他的话把它当作是一种承诺。2.利用[(+on/upon)]3.(机器等因受压等)卡住,咬住6.explosionn.[C]1.爆发;爆炸,炸裂2.扩张,剧增;剧变3.(感情、笑声等的)爆发[(+of)]7.transfer,vt.[(+from/to)]1.搬;转换;调动2.使换车;使转校3.改变,转变4.转印,描摹5.转让,让渡vi.[(+from/to)]1.搬迁,转移;调任2.换车,转车3.转校,转学科n.1.迁移;移交;转让;转账[C][U]2.调任(者);转校(生)[C][U]3.转运[C][U]4.转车车票;转车地点[C]5.摆渡处;渡轮[C]6.转让证书;转校证书[C]7.汇兑;(股票等的)过户,过户凭单[U][C]8.restore:vt.1.恢复2.使复原[(+to)]3.使恢复健康,使复原[H][(+to)]4.修复,整修;修补(受损文物等)5.归还,交还[(+to)]6.使复位,使复职[(+to)restored;restored;restoring9.restoration1.恢复;复位;复辟2.修复;复原;整修;重建3.归还;交还10.gesture::n.1.姿势;手势[C][U]Heraisedhishandsinagestureofdespair.他举起双手表示绝望。2.姿态,表示[C]Weholdapartyforournewcolleaguesasagestureoffriendship.我们为新同事举办了一个聚会,以示友善。vi.1.做手势,用动作示意[Q]ShewasgesturingsoexcitedlythatIknewsomethingwaswrong.她如此激动地打着手势,我就知道出了问题。vt.1.用手势(或动作)表示[O]Igesturedthechildover.我朝孩子打手势叫他过来。11.professional:adj.1.职业(上)的;从事特定专业的[Z][B]2.职业性的,非业余性的[Z][B]3.很内行的;极称职的;高水平的4.【贬】以...为业的,擅长...的n.[C]1.职业选手2.专家,内行12.glory:n.1.光荣,荣誉[U]Thecaptainofthewinningteamgotallthegloryforthevictory.胜队队长因获胜而赢得全部荣誉。2.可夸耀的事;可赞颂的事物[C]Themuseumisthegloryofourcity.这个博物馆是我们城市的骄傲。3.壮丽;壮观;灿烂[U]Iwasfascinatedbythegloryofthesunset.落日的壮观把我吸引住了。4.繁荣;昌盛;全盛[U]5.【宗】(对上帝的)赞美,赞颂[U]6.【宗】天国的荣光,天福[U]vi.1.骄傲;自豪[(+in)]Myfathergloriedinmysuccess.我的父亲为我的成功而骄傲。2.狂喜;喜悦[(+in)]Hegloriedinhistriumph.他因获胜而洋洋得意。13.steady:adj.1.稳固的,平稳的Isthetablesteady?桌子平稳吗?2.稳定的,不变的Thepriceoffruitsremainssteady.水果的价格保持稳定。3.坚定的;扎实的,可靠的Weappreciatesteadyworkers.我们赞赏踏实的工人。4.镇静的,沉着的,从容的vt.1.使稳固;使稳定Steadytheladderforme.帮我扶稳梯子。2.使镇定;使坚定Hesteadiedhisnervesbeforehedefendedhimself.他在为自己辩护前先使自己的情绪镇定下来。vi.1.变稳;稳固Oilpricessteadied.石油价格稳定下来了。2.持续;有规律n.[C]1.(关系确定的)情侣Tomdoesn'thaveasteadyatthemoment.汤姆眼下还没有一个已确定关系的情侣。2.【机】固定支架,中心架adv.1.稳固地;稳定地2.【海】按原定方向地,照着走14.root:n.[C]1.(植物的)根;地下茎[P1]Theseplantshaveverydeeproots.这些植物的根长得很深。2.根菜类(如胡萝卜等)[P]3.(牙齿,头发等的)根,根部4.根;根基;本质Thisistherootcauseofpoverty.这是贫穷的根本原因。5.根源,来源;根由Moneyistherootofallevil.金钱是万恶之源。6.祖先7.(《圣经》用语)子孙vt.1.使生根;使扎根;使固定2.根除;肃清[(+up/out)]Doyouthinkitispossibletorootoutcrime?你认为可以根除犯罪吗?vi.1.生根;固定Someplantsrooteasily.有些植物容易生根成长。2.根源在于,来源于[(+in)]Thecrimerootedinhisgreedformoney.这一犯罪行为起因于他对金钱的贪得无厌。vi.1.(猪等)用鼻(或嘴)拱土Thepigwasrootingaboutforfood.这头猪正在拱土觅食。2.翻找;搜寻[(+for)]Herootedaroundinthedrawersandfoundtheletter.他把几只抽屉翻个遍,终于找到了那封信。vt.1.(猪等)用鼻(或嘴)拱翻[(+up/out)]2.搜寻[(+up/out)]15.ignorance:n.[U]1.无知,不学无术;愚昧2.不知ignore:vt.1.不顾,不理会;忽视Hisletterswereignored.他的信无人理会。2.【律】驳回16.symbolize:vt.1.象征,标志2.用符号表示[(+by)]vi.采用象征,使用符号17.gradual:adj.1.逐渐的,逐步的It'saprocessofgradualdevelopment.这是一个逐渐发展的过程。2.(斜坡)平缓的n.1.(有时大写)(天主教)弥撒升阶圣歌;弥撒升阶圣歌集[C]18.appoint:vt.1.任命,指派[(+as/to)]Theyappointedhim(tobe)manager.他们任命他为经理。2.约定,指定;安排Ourvisitorsarrivedattheappointedtime.我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。3.给...提供装备[H]vi.1.委派职务19.bother:vt.1.烦扰,打搅Ican'tbotherhimwithmylittleaffairs.我不能因自己那点小事去打扰他。2.使恼怒Thewaymybrothertalkedtomotherbotheredme.我兄弟对母亲说话的那副模样惹我恼火。3.使困惑,使不安Thecomplexitiesofinterpersonalrelationsbotheredher.人际关系的复杂情况使她困惑不已。4.(用于命令式)让...见鬼去vi.1.烦恼,担心[(+with/about)]Don'tbotheraboutthattriflingmatter.别为那件小事烦恼。2.麻烦,费心[(+with/about)][+to-v][+v-ing]Youneedn'tbothertocometomyoffice.你不必特地来我办公室。n.1.烦恼,麻烦[U]Wehadalotofbotherfindingavacantapartment.我们费了不少周折才找到一套空闲的公寓房间。2.使人烦恼的人(或事物)[S]Tomisabothertohisteacher.汤姆使他老师大伤脑筋。3.努力[U]int.讨厌!去你的!20．divorce：n.1.离婚[U][C]Theirmarriageendedindivorce.他们的婚姻以离婚收场。2.分离;脱离[C][S1]Theyadvocatedacompletedivorceofgovernmentandreligion.他们主张政教完全分离。vt.1.与...离婚,使离婚[(+from)]Mr.Hilldivorcedhiswifeattheageof70.希尔先生70岁的时候与他妻子离婚。2.使分离;使脱离[(+from)]Heisunabletodivorcefantasyfromreality.他不能将幻想与现实分开。vi.离婚21.mercyn.1.慈悲,怜悯;仁慈,宽容[U][(+on)]Thecommandershowedmercytotheprisonersofwar.司令官对战俘十分怜悯。2.仁慈行为,善行[C][(+for)]3.【口】幸运,侥幸[S]Itwasamercythatthewholefamilysurvivedtheearthquake.这次地震中一家人都幸免于难,真是不幸中之大幸。4.救济,救难Distributingfoodamongthehomelesswasanactofmercy.发配食物给无家可归的人是救苦救难的行为。atthemercyof受...所支配;任..处置;在..掌握中havemercyon对...发慈悲withoutmercy毫不留情地;残忍地22.unfaithful:adj.1.不忠实的;不忠于职守的[(+to)]2.(对配偶)不忠实的;有外遇的[(+to)]3.(翻译、版本等)不准确的,不可靠的23.corrupt:adj.1.腐败的,贪污的2.堕落的,邪恶的3.(语言,版本等)讹误的,走样的4.污浊的,不洁的vt.1.使腐败,使堕落;贿赂,收买2.讹用(词语);篡改(原稿)vi.1.堕落;腐化2.腐坏,腐烂24.dislike:vt.1.不喜爱,厌恶[W][+v-ing]n.不喜爱,厌恶[C][U][(+of/for)]25.charge:vt.1.索价;对...索费;课(税)[(+for)]Thisstoreoftenchargesonly65UScentsadozenforlargeeggs.一打大鸡蛋在这家店里常常仅卖六十五美分。2.把...记入账册,赊购[(+to)]Pleasechargemyaccount.请记在我账上。3.向...冲去,袭击Theychargedtheenemythreetimes.他们向敌人发过三次突击。4.控告,指控[(+with)]5.指责;谴责[Y][+that]6.指示,责令;使承担责任,委以责任[(+with)]7.装弹于(枪,炮)[(+with)]8.【旧】倒酒于(杯子)[(+with)]9.将(电池)充电vi.1.索价;收费[(+for)]Thestoredoesn'tchargefordelivery.该店免费送货。2.冲锋,向前冲[(+at)]Thelionchargedatthoselittleanimals.狮子向那些小动物冲了过去。3.充电n.1.费用,价钱,索价[C][(+for)]ThechargeforadmissionisUS$5.入场费五美元。2.掌管;照顾;责任[U]3.被照顾的人(或事物)[C]Shebecameheraunt'schargeafterhermotherdied.她母亲去世后由姑妈照管。4.控告,指控[C][(+against/of)]Hewasarrestedonthechargeofrobbery.他因被控犯有抢劫罪而被捕。5.指责[C]6.突然猛攻,攻击,冲锋(号)[C]7.(一发子弹所装的)炸药量;(一定量的)炸药[C]8.充电,电荷;(激情的)蕴藏[C][U]9.命令,指示[C][+to-v]26.sentence:n.1.句子[C]Asentenceusuallycontainsasubjectandaverb.句子通常包括主语和动词。2.【律】判决,宣判;课刑[C][U]Thesentencewastenyearsinprison.判决是10年徒刑。3.【数】【逻】命题[C]4.主张,意见[C]5.【音】乐句[C]6.【古】警句,格言,谚语[C]vt.1.宣判;判决[H][(+to)]Theassassinwassentencedtodeath.刺客被判死刑。2.使遭受[H][(+to)]27.withdraw:vt.1.回;拉开;移开2.收回;取回;提取[(+from/outof)]3.取消;撤回;撤销4.撤退,撤离;使退出[(+from)]vi.撤退;离开;退出[(+from)]withdrewherapplication;withdrewhissonfromtherace.收回她的申请；不让他儿子参加赛跑withdrewtheaccusation.撤回控诉towithdrawaremark收回一句话withdrawaboyfromschool把孩子从学校领回withdrawone'seyesfrom把视线从...移开(不再看...)withdrawabill[demand,offer]撤消议案[要求、建议]withdrawaremark收回发言withdrewfromthecompetition.从竞争中退出towithdraw$500fromabankaccount从银行提取500美元Afterdinnertheladieswithdrew.饭后妇女们退出Hewithdrewfromtherace.他退出比赛Thearmywithdrew.军队撤退了withdrawone'shandfromthehotstove把手从热火炉旁缩回withdrawtroopsfromaplace从某地撤军28.furnish:vt.1.给(房间)配置(家具等);装备[(+with)]Howareyougoingtofurnishthehouse?你将如何布置房子?2.供应;提供[(+with/to)]I'llfurnishyouwithallyouneed.我将提供你所需要的一切。29.accommodation:n.1.适应;调节[U]2.调和;和解[U][C]3.乐于助人[U]4.方便;方便设施[U][C]5.住处;膳宿[P1][U]6.【美】(舟、车等处的)预订铺位(或座位)[P]7.眼调节[U]8.【美】贷款9.融通票据的签发30.enlargevt.1.扩大;扩展2.放大(照片)3.【美】释放vi.1.扩大2.详述[(+on/upon)]31.sponsor:n.[C]1.发起者;主办者;倡议者2.保证人3.(广播、电视节目的)赞助者4.教父,教母vt.1.发起;主办;倡议2.为...做保证人3.资助,赞助32.previously:adv.1.事先;以前2.【美】【口】仓促地;不成熟地previous:adj.1.先的,前的,以前的[B]Irememberyoumentionedthesamethingonapreviousoccasion.我记得你在以前某个场合提及过同一件事情。2.【口】过早的,过急的[F][(+in/about)]Don'tbetoopreviousaboutrefusing.不要急于拒绝。adv.1.在前,在先,在以前33.cancel:vt.1.删去,划掉;勾销,盖销(邮票等)2.取消,废除;中止3.抵消,对消[(+out)]4.【数】约去,消去[(+out)]5.销(账)[(+out)]vi.1.【数】相约,相消2.互相抵消3.取消;中止n.[C]1.删除;取消;撤销2.轧票钳,打孔器[P1]34.renew:vt.1.使更新;使复原;使恢复2.使复活;复兴;重建3.换新;修补;补充;加强4.重新开始;继续5.重复;重申;重做6.准予(契约等)展期;续借;续订;更换(执照等)vi.1.更新;恢复原状2.重新开始;继续3.(契约等的)展期35.imperial:adj.1.帝国的;(常大写)大英帝国的2.帝(或女皇)的;最高(权力)的3.专横的;威严的;宏大的4.(商品等)特优的;特大的5.(度量衡)英制的n.(蓄于下唇下的小绺胡须)皇帝髯[C]36.insurance:n.1.保险;保险契约[U][(+against)]Ifoundajobsellinginsurance.我找到一份推销保险的工作。2.保险业[U]Sheworksininsurance.她从事保险业。3.保险金额;赔偿金[U][(+on)]Hehas$100,000lifeinsurance,whichhiswifewillreceiveifhediesfirst.他有10万美元的人寿保险,如果他先去世,他的妻子将得到这笔钱。4.预防措施;安全保证[U][S1][(+against)]5.保险费[U]insure:vt.1.为...投保;接受保险[H][(+against)]Insureyourbaggagebeforeyouleavehome.离家前先给行李保险。2.【美】保证,确保[+(that)]Morecarewouldinsureyouagainstmakingsomanymistakes.多加注意就能保证你不犯这么多的错误了。37.complex:adj.形变:morecomplex;mostcomplex名复:complexes1.复杂的,错综复杂的;难懂的Itwasacomplexproblem.这是一个复杂的问题。2.由各种部分所构成的,复合的,合成的3.【文】复合的n.[C]1.复合物,综合体Apetrochemicalcomplexistobebuilthere.这儿将建造一个石油化学联合企业。2.集团;综合设施3.【心】情结,情丝[(+about)]Shehasacomplexaboutrats.她对老鼠有病态恐惧。38.impressive:adj.1.予人深刻印象的;感人的;令人钦佩的2.威严的;使人敬畏的形变:moreimpressive;mostimpressiveimpress:vt.1.给...极深的印象;使感动[W][H]2.使铭记,铭刻[O][(+on/upon)]3.印,压印;盖(印)于[+on/into]n.1.印记;痕迹2.印象,影响3.特征vt.1.强迫...服役;强征...入伍2.强征(财产等)impressive:adj.1.予人深刻印象的;感人的;令人钦佩的2.威严的;使人敬畏的39.inspect:vt.1.检查;审查2.检阅;视察vi.进行检查;进行视察40.broad:adj.1.宽的,阔的Thebroadhighwayhassixtrafficlanes.那条宽阔的公路有六线车道。2.(置于表长度名词之后)宽度,...宽的Theriverisabout20feetbroad.河宽约二十英尺。3.辽阔的Broadprairiesstretchoutasfarastheeyecansee.辽阔的草原一望无边。4.广泛的;非限制的;各式各样的5.概括的;粗略的;主要的[B]6.明显的;完全明朗的[B]7.(在发音等方面)方言性的;口音重的8.露骨的,粗鄙的,下流的adv.1.宽阔地2.土腔很重地n.宽阔部分[theS]41.mark:n.1.痕迹;污点;瘢疤[C]Thescandalleftamarkonhisreputation.那件丑事玷污了他的名声。2.记号;符号;标记[C]Youcanseeinhimthemarksofaneducatedman.从他身上你可以看到受过教育的人的特点。3.【英】分数;成绩[C]4.靶子;目标[C]5.标准,常态[theS]6.(常大写)(与数字连用表示武器等的)...型,...式[C]aMark4gun四式枪7.(代替签名的)十字押[C]8.著名,卓越[U]9.影响[C]10.(田径赛)起跑线[C]vt.1.做记号于;留痕迹于;标明Theboxofeggswasmarked"WithCare".这个鸡蛋盒标上了"小心"字样。2.标志;表示...的特征3.记下,录下4.给(试卷等)打分数Theteachermarkedtheexaminationpapers.教师给试卷打了分数。5.注意,留心[+wh-]Markcarefullyhowthejobisdone.好好注意这活儿是怎样做的。6.明显表示,表明7.【英】(球赛中)盯(人)vi.1.留下痕迹(或伤痕),弄污2.作记号(或符号)3.注意n.(德国的货币单位)马克[C]42.recognition:n.1.认出,识别;认识[U]2.承认;确认;认可[U]3.(以微笑,招手等表示的)招呼,致意[U][C]4.赏识;表彰;报偿[U][S1]recognize:vt.1.认出,识别;认识[(+as)]Thepolicemanrecognizedherasapickpocket.警察认出她是个小偷。2.正式承认;认可,认定[(+as)]Manycountriesrecognizedthenewgovernment.许多国家承认了新政府。3.承认(事实);认清[(+as)][+(that)]IrecognizedthatIhadmadeamistake.我认识到自己犯了一个错误。4.赏识;表彰5.招呼;理睬6.(会议主席)准许...发言vi.承认,确认41.exposure:n.1.暴露;暴晒[U][(+to)]2.揭露,揭发[U][C][(+of)]3.(商品等的)陈列[U]4.曝光;曝光时间;(照相)软片[C][U]5.(住家等的)朝向,方位[C][U]42.deliberate:adj.1.深思熟虑的,慎重的,谨慎的2.故意的,蓄意的3.不慌不忙的,从容的Thiswasadeliberateaction.这是有预谋的行动。vi.1.仔细考虑,思考[(+about/on/upon)]2.