中考英语一轮复习培优全攻略(上海专用)第16讲阅读理解之推断题(原卷版+解析)

第16讲阅读理解之推断题【知识梳理1】1.推断题的出题方式你对下面的这些问题应该不会感到陌生吧？Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage？Thewriterimpliesthat…Whatcanyouconcludefromthepassage?Whatwillthenextparagraphtalkabout？2.推断题型及解题思路(1)数据事实推断：解答此类题，关键是要捕捉有关数字的信息，然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上，运用自己的数学知识，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。【例题精讲】例1.Nooneislaughingnow.SinceVolkswagentookcontrolin1991,SkodahasbeentransformedbyGermantechniques(and$2billioncash)intoEurope’sfastest-growingmanufacturer.Turnover(销售额)hasjumpednine-foldinthepastdecade,and81percentoflastyear’s450,000newSkodaswenttoforeignbuyers.ThisweekthenewSuperbsedan（超级轿车）aimedatbig-spendingbusinesstypesgoesondisplayattheFrankfurtMotorShow.Question:HowmanySkodasweresoldtoforeignbuyerslastyear?A.450,000B.364,500C.171,000D.85,500例2：SydneyPassFares*Achildisdefinedasanyonefromtheagesof4yearstounder16years.Childrenunder4yearstravelfree.**Afamilyisdefinedas2adultsandanynumberofchildrenfrom4tounder16yearsofagefromthesamefamily.Question:If5-dayticketsweretoberecommendedtoamotherwhotravelledwithhercolleagueandherchildren,aged3,6and10,whatwouldthelowestcostbe?

A.$225. B.$300. C.$360. D.$420.(2)细节推断题细节推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出结论的一种推断方法。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关的背景知识有一个充分的理解。【例题精讲】例1：Avisitorvisitsanislandwheretwotribeslive.Onetribealwaystellsthetruthandtheotheralwayslies.Thetruthtellersliveonthewesternsideoftheisland,andthosewholieliveontheeasternside.Thevisitorwantstodeterminewhetherthenativebesidehimisatruthtellerornotbyaskingonlyonequestion.Heasksthenative,“Goandaskthenativeinthedistancewhichsideoftheislandheliveson.”Whenthemessengerreturns,hesays,"Hesaidhelivesonthewesternsideoftheisland."Isthemessengeratruthtellerornot?Howcanthevisitorbesure?Question1.Accordingtothemessenger'sanswer,thevisitorcanconcludethat_______________A.Themessengerlivesonthewesternsideoftheislandbecausehetellsthetruth.B.themessengerlivesontheeasternsideoftheislandbecausehisanswermaybealie.C.it'shardtodeterminewhetherthemessengerisatruthtellerornot.D.themessengerprobablylivesinthewesternsideoftheislandbecausehisanswermaybetrue.Question2.Thenativeinthedistancesayshelivesonthewesternsideoftheisland.Accordingtohisanswer,whichconclusionofthefollowingiswrong?A.Hemayliveontheeasternsideoftheisland.B.Hemayliveonthewesternsideoftheisland.C.Hemaybetellingthetruth.D.Hecan'tbetellingthetruth.（3）因果推断题逻辑结论是指根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实，然后按题意的要求进行推断。【例题精讲】例1：Whentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,“Areyousingle?”“Why,yes.”Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother."shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?"Question1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress’agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithher

C.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhimQuestion2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch（4）人物性格、态度及观点判定题中考阅读测试中有些是考查考生对作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。做这一类题时一定要留意：1）由表及里的正确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。2）特殊留意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的词语。要特殊留意作者在文章中的措词，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。【例题精讲】例1：Awell-knownoldmanwasbeinginterviewedandwasaskedifitwascorrectthathehadjustcelebratedhis99thbirthday,“That’sright,”saidtheoldman.“Ninety-nineyearsold,andIhaven’tanenemyintheworld.They’realldead.”“Wellsir,”saidtheinterviewer,“Ihopeverymuchtohavethehonorofinterviewingyouonyourhundredthbirthday.”Theoldmanlooksattheyoungmanclosely,andsaid,“Ican’tseewhyyoushouldn’t.Youlookfitandhealthytome!”Question:Whatkindofmanwouldyousaytheoldmanwas?A.Hewassilly.B.Hewasunpleasant.C.Hewasveryproudandsureofhishealth.D.Hewasveryimpolitetoyoungpeople.（5）.猜测想象推理题有些内容文章中没有明确说明，要求考生根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理。做这类题时应把握作者的写作思路（如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述），从而作出比较科学的、合情合理的猜测。【例题精讲】例1：Weareinthecomputerage.Weoftenseecomputersatwork.Theyareespeciallyusefulinautomaticcontrol,dateprocessing(数据处理)andsolvingcomplicatedproblems.Andtheyarefindingtheirwayintothehome.Thepartplayedbycomputersisbecomingevenmoreimportantwitheachpassingday.Moreandcleverercomputerswillcontinuetoappear.Theywillrunfaster,havemorefunctionsandworkmoreskillfully.Theywilltakeovermoretasksfromus,helpingtochangethefaceofourworld.Somepeopleeventhinkthatsoonerorlatercomputerswillreplaceus.

However…Question:Whichofthefollowingstatementsismostlikelytobetalkedaboutinthethirdparagraph?A.Computerswillsoonstopdeveloping.B.Computersareascleverasman.C.Manypeoplelikecomputersverymuch.D.Idon'tthinkcomputerswillreplaceuscompletely.（6）.写作意图推测题此题型要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实和形象，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。这种题型要求同学们不但能理解文章的内容，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的写作方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。【例题精讲】例：Imaginethatthegenome(基因组)isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapterswiththousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphs,wordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebook,whichmakesitlongerthan5,000volumesthesizeofthisbook,oraslongas800Bibles.IfIreadthegenomeouttoyouattherateofonewordpersecondforeighthoursaday,itwouldtakemeacentury.IfIwroteoutthehumangenome,oneletterpermillimeter,mytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanube.Question:Therealpurposeoftheauthor’scomparisonofthegenometoabookis___________.A.tofocusonthedifferencesbetweenthetwoB.tolayemphasisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoC.tosimplifytheconceptofthehumangenomeD.togiveanexactdescriptionofthehumangenome（7）常识推断：有些时候，文章里并没有提供任何可据以推断的材料，或虽有提供，但却不足以推出正确的未知事实。这时便须根据平常积累的有关知识来进行推断。【例题精讲】例：Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.Ifmetalisheatedandthencooledveryquickly,forexamplebydippingitinwater,itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle(脆)--thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Metalthathasbeenannealedissoftbutdoesnotbreakaseasily.Itispossibletomakemetalashardorassoftasiswished,byannealingit.Themetalisheated,andallowedtocoolslowlyforacertainlengthoftime.Thelongertheheatedmetaltakestocoolslowly,thesofteritbecomes.Annealingcanalsobeusedonothermaterivals,suchasglass.Question:Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle【知识梳理2】注意事项注意事项11.严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理，千万不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验;2.如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案;3.如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论，也不是正确答案;4.如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案;5.文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should,must,may,etc.)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案;6.注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too,rather则常带有否定的口气;7.某些过渡词(例如：however,but,onthecontrary,what’smore，fortunately，Ofcause,)后面所表达的内容往往能反映作者的观点和态度注意事项2推断题出题陷阱：文章中没有提及，纯属主观臆断。是文章中的直接内容，不是根据推理得出的。符合常识，但是不是文章所要表达的内容。与文章内容相反。基础题【巩固练习1】Mostpeoplewhoenjoymoviesdonotreallycarehowtheyaremade.Theyjustwanttoenjoyagoodstory.MovieproduceranddirectorGeorgeLucaswantspeopletoseethebestmademovies.So,hislatestmovieStarWarswasmadewithoutusingfilm.StarWarswasmadeusingdigitalcameras.Adigitalcameradoesnotusetraditionalfilm.Itcapturesimagesonvideotape.Theimagesrecordedonvideotapearetheplacedinacomputer.Question：AccordingtoGeorgeLucas,whatmakesthebestmademoviespossible? A.Agoodstory. B.Film. C.Digitalcameras. D.Videotape.【巩固练习2】AnideathatstartedinSeattle’spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.……TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(一致）canbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergyandpassionintothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.66.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheproject?A.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.C.TheycamefrommanydifferentbackgroundsD.Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment【巩固练习3】OnceNapoleonstayedinasmallinn.Thenextmorning,hewenttothanktheinnkeeper.“You,haveservedmewell,innkeeper,”saidNapoleon.“Iwishtorewardyou.Tellmewhatyouwant.”“Sir,wewantnothing,”saidtheinnkeeper.“Butwillyoutellussomething?”“Whatisit?”Napoleonasked.“Wehaveheardastory.”saidtheinnkeeper,“thatonceduringthewar,asmallvillagewastakenbytheRussians.Youhappenedtobeinthevillage.Youhidwhiletheylookedforyou.Willyoutellushowyoufeltwhentheywerelookingforyou?”Napoleonlookedveryangry.Hecalledintwoofhissoldiers.Thenhepointedtothedoor.Thesoldierstooktheinnkeeperandhiswifeoutintotheyard.Attheendoftheyardwasawall.Theinnkeeperandhiswifewereledtothewall.Thesoldierstiedthehandsoftheinnkeeperandhiswife.Napoleonwatched,sayingnothing.“Please,sir.”beggedtheinnkeeper,“Don’tkillus!wemeantnothing!”Thesoldiersmovedback.Theinnkeepersawthemraisingtheirguns.ThenNapoleoncalled:“Ready!Aim!”Thewifescreamed.“Stop!”saidNapoleon.Hewenttotheinnkeeper,“Now,youknowtheanswertothequestionyouaskedmejustnow,don’tyou?”Question1:WhydidtheinnkeeperaskNapoleontotellhimhowNapoleonfeltwhenhewasbeinglookedfor?

A.Hewantedtoknowthedifferencebetweenageneralandanordinarypeople.B.HelookeddownuponNapoleon,forhethoughtagreatmanshouldn’tbedefeated.C.Heshowedhissympathy(同情)toNapoleonintimeofdanger.D.Hewasinterestedinother’sfailure,especiallyNapoleon’s.Question2:WhydidNapoleonorderedhismentotiethecouple?A.Becausehewantedtoteachtheinnkeeperagoodlessonforbotheringhim.B.Becausehewantedtokillthecoupletogetridofhisanger.C.Becausehewantedtoshowthathewassoadmiringageneralthatnobodycouldupsethim.D.Becausehewantedtomadetheinnkeeperknowthatagenerallikehimhadthesamefeelingastheordinarypeopleinfaceofdanger.提高题【巩固练习4】Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（A）Ihavelovedmymother’sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasMothersatdoingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pens,andwhitepaper,Idecidedthattheactofwritingmustbethemostwonderfulthingintheworld.Yearslater,duringherfinalillness,Motherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandbrother.Butthedesk,”she’dsaidagain,“isforElizabeth.”Ineversawherangry,neversawhercry.Iknewshelovedme;sheshoweditinaction.Butasayounggirl,Iwantedheart-to-hearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.Theyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional.”Butshelived“onthesurface”.AsyearspassedandIhadmyownfamily.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwroteincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatshedidforgiveme.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Nonecame.Myhopeturnedtodisappointment,thenlittleinterestand,finally,peace,itseemedthatnothinghappened.Icouldn’tbesurethattheletterhadevengottoMother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIcouldstoptryingtomakeherintosomeoneshewasnot.Nowthepresentofherdesktoldme,asshehadneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaoneletter,foldedandrefoldedmanytimes.Givemeananswer,myletterasks,inanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.1.Thepassageshowsthat_______________.A.MotherwascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughterB.MotherwastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddoneC.MothercaredmuchaboutherdaughterinwordsD.Motherwrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords2.WhatdidMotherdowithherdaughter’sletteraskingforforgiveness?A.ShehadneverreceivedtheletterB.Foryears,sheoftentalkedabouttheletter.C.Shedidn’tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife.D.Shereadtheletteragainandagaintillshedied.（B）Severalyearsago,cellphoneswereveryexpensive.Onlyimportantpeopleandpeoplewithalotofmoneyhadthem.Thesedays,thepriceshavebeengreatlyfalling,andtheycomeinsmallsizesanddifferentcolors.Somoreandmorepeople,evenhighschoolstudents,haveoneinthehands.Itistruethatit’saneasywaytokeepintouchwithfriendsatanytimeandinanyplace.Butinplaceslikeclassrooms,movietheatres,andmuseums,whereeveryoneshouldbequietortalkinalowvoice,wecanalsoheartheringing.Somedrivershaveaccidentsforusingcellphoneswhendriving.Worstofall,somestudentswhocan’tpaytheirphonebillsdosomethingillegaltogetmoney.So,arecellphonesreallyahelp?1.Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutcellphones?A.Theyarereallyahelp.B.Theyharmpeople’shealth.C.Hewantsverymuchtoknowiftheydopeoplegood.D.It’sallrighttousethemintheatre.（C）Theentertainmentprofessionor“showbusiness”attractsmanyyoungpeople.Unfortunately,onlyveryfewcanhopetobecomefamousandsuccessful.Talentisnotenough,becauseshowbusinessisascompetitiveasanyotherbusiness.Withoutagoodmanager,aperformercanneverhopetosucceed.Fashionisimportantinthisbusiness,too.Thebesttailorintheworldwillneverbeasuccessifhemakesold-fashionedclothes.Inexactlythesameway,aperformermustchangehis“act”inordertofollowthetasteofthemoment.Thisistrueforactors,dancersandcomedians,butperhapsmostofallsingers.“Pop”standsfor“popular”andapopsingerhastoworkveryhardtobecomepopular.Hemusteithergivethepublicwhattheyalreadywant,orhemustfindanewwayofsingingthatwillattracttheirattention.Evenwhenhehassucceeded,andhisrecordsaresoldeverywhere,hecannotrelax.Thenhemustworkharderthaneverbecausetherearealwaysyoungersingerstryingtobecomefamousandtostealsomeofthepopularity.Thelifeofasuccessfulpopsingerisnotatalleasy.Hecanonlyrelaxwhenheisalone,becauseeverythinghedoesiswatchedandreportedinthespecialnewspaperwrittenforthe“fans”.Thefansarethemostimportantpeopleintheworldforthesingers.Theybuyhisrecords,theygotohisconcertsandtheymakehimrichandfamous.Buttheycanbeveryannoying,too.Sometimestheirenthusiasmgetsohystericalthattheydoanythingtogeta“souvenir”（纪念品）.Theystealhandkerchiefs,theytearoffbuttons,andtheyevencutoffpiecesoftheunfortunatesinger'shair.Manysingershavebeenforcedtohide.Apopsingerhastospendalotofmoneyonclothes,becausehemustalwayslooksmartoratanyratedifferent.Hemusthavealuxuriouscar.And—mostimportant—hemustalwayskeepsmilingforthebenefitofhispublic.1.Whymustapopsingerhaveagoodmanager?___________.A.ToprotecthimfromhisfansB.TolookafterhisbusinessinterestsC.Tohelphimtochangehis“act”D.Sothathecanrelax2.Whymustapopsingerworkevenharderwhenhehasbecomefamous?___________A.BecausehewantstoattracttheattentionofthepublicB.BecausehewantstosellmorerecordsC.BecausehewantstobecomepopularD.Becausehewantstostaypopular一、阅读单选HermotherdiedwhenSarahwasoneyearold.Fortunately,shehadagoodfather.Herfatherwasarichman.Heownedacoalmineandtheonlyrelativedotedonhersomuch.Heregardedheraseverythingtohim.Normally,itwashardforrichgirlstohavegoodbehaviors.ButitwasnotdifficultforSarah.Attheageofseven,herfathersenthertoaschoolinLondon.There,sheworebeautifulclothes.Shewasnice,beautiful,helpfulandgentlejustlikearealprincess.Soon,everyoneintheschoollovesher.Butthencamebadthings.Herfatherdiedofaseriousdiseasesuddenly.Withoutheronlyrelative,littleSarahfeltverysad.Shehadtomoveintoacold,darkandwethouse.Herfoodwascoldandbad.Whatwasworse,shewasofteninsultedbyothers,includingtheheadmaster.Inspiteofthese,shestillsmiledtoeveryoneandnevergaveupherhopeforlife.Sarahwasconfident,brave,helpfulandkind-heartedjustlikebefore.Later,withthehelpofherfather’sfriends,shefinallybecamesuccessfulandgothappinessagain.IwasshockedafterIreadthebookALittlePrincess,whichwaswrittenbyanAmericanwomanwriternamedFrancesBurnett.Sinceitcameout,thebookhasmovedmillionsofpeople.Ihopemorepeoplewillreadthisbook.WordBankmine煤矿princess公主insulted辱骂Inspiteof尽管根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A．Sarah’sfatherdiedaftershewasborn. B．Sarahwasborninawealthyfamily.C．Sarah’sfatherwasaheadmaster. D．PeoplesaidSarahwasnotlikeaprincess.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dotedon”meaninChinese?A．留恋 B．珍藏 C．赡养 D．宠爱3．WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheheadmastertreatedSarahwellallthetime. B．Sarah’sfatherdiedfromanaccident.C．Sarahoncelostherhopeforlife. D．Sarahwasalwaysbrave,helpfulandconfident.4．WhichisNOTmentionedaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．FrancesBurnettwasawomanwriter. B．ALittlePrincesscameout.C．ALittlePrincesswastranslatedintotenlanguages. D．ALittlePrincesswaslovedbymillionsofpeople.5．WhydidthewriterintroducethebookALittlePrincesstous?A．Becausehewantedustoreadit. B．Becausehewantedtosellthebook.C．BecauseBurnettaskedhimtodoso. D．BecausehewasSarah’sfriend.IalwaysthinkmydaughterKendallisthebest—that’sjustwhatparentsdo.Whenshewasonlythree,shesangforthepeople,likealittleangel.WhenKendallwasfive,wenoticedthatshesometimeshadatic.Whentheproblemgotworse,wetookherfromdoctortodoctor.Duringthetreatment,Kendallcontinuedtosing.Surprisingly,herticsdisappearedwhenshesang.WhenKendallwassixteen,wethoughtshewouldbecuredsoon.However,aterriblethinghappened.“Ataparty,Kendalljumpedonafriendforapiggybackride.Hebentlowerthansheexpected,andshejumpedhigherthanheexpected.Kendallflewoverhisbackandlandedonthefloor—onherneck.Shewasrushedtohospital,paralyzedfromtheneckdown.Shecouldn’tmove.Butherbiggestworrywasn’twhethershewouldwalkagain,butwaswhethershecouldtryoutforashowcalledAmericanIdol.Asthedayswenton,feelingonherleftsidereturned,butshewasstillparalyzedontheright.Weweren’tsurehowmuchofhermovementwouldcomeback.Afriendbroughtamicrophoneandputitonherbed.Everyday,Kendalltriedhardtopickitup.Itwasmoreimportantforhertopickupthatmicrophonethanaspoonorfork.Sometimesshehadtobiteatoothbrushtotakehermindoffthepain.Weallcriedbecauseofthepainwewitnessed.Butontheday,onlythreemonthsafterheraccident,wecriedfullofjoywhenshesang,thoughshedidn’tentertheTop24ofAmericanIdol.Whenshewasalittlegirl,sheaskedmewhyitwasshethathadtics.Myhearthurt,butItoldher,“Kendall,youhaveapureheart,afantasticvoice,astrongmind.Andyouareabeautifulpresence”.WordBanktic面部抽搐paralyzed瘫痪Idol偶像microphone麦克风witnessed目击presence存在根据材料内容选择最佳答案。6．WhendidtheynoticethatKendallsometimeshadatic?A．Whenshewasthreeyearsold. B．Whenshewasfiveyearsold.C．WhenKendallwassixteen. D．Idon’tknow.7．WhatwasasurpriseduringthetreatmentinParagraph2?A．Shehadaticwhenshesang. B．Shesangforthepeople.C．Shewascuredsoon. D．Herticsdisappearedwhenshesang.8．Putthefollowingsentencesinarightorder.a.Shecouldn’tmove.b.Shewasrushedtohospital.c.Kendalljumpedonafriendforapiggybackride.d.Kendallflewoverhisbackandlandedonthefloor—onherneck.e.Shejumpedhigherthanherfriendexpectedandhebentlowerthansheexpected.A．abcde B．decba C．cedba D．edbca9．WhywasitmoreimportantforKendalltopickupthatmicrophonethanaspoonorfork?A．BecauseKendalllovedsinging.B．BecauseKendalldidn’tlikeaspoonorfork.C．BecauseKendal’sfriendbroughtthemicrophoneforher.D．Becausethatmicrophonewasmorebeautifulforherthanaspoonorfork.10．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AnAmericanIdol B．Aparalyzedgirl C．Thegirlwhohadatic D．AbeautifulgirlOPENINGHOURS◆HighSeason（ApriltoSeptember）:9:00—18:00everyday◆LowSeason（OctobertoMarch）:9:00—17:00everydayTICKETPRICES◆LineA（…………→）:$20eachperson◆LineB（→）:$18eachpersonTHINGSYOUSHOULDKNOW◆BusesforbothlinesleaveeveryhourfromCentralStation.◆LineAtakesonehour.LineBtakes50minutes.◆Ifyouaretakingyourpetwithyou,pleasebuyaseatforitathalfprice.◆Save10%ifyoubuyticketsforbothlines.◆Gotowww.citysightbus.orgformoreinformation.11．Mr.andMrs.BrownwanttotakeLineAwiththeirpetdog,howmuchdotheypay?A．$50. B．$45. C．$40. D．$36.12．HowmanyplacescanpeoplevisitiftheytakeLineB?A．7 B．6 C．8 D．1013．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Ticketsaremoreexpensiveinthehighseason.B．LineArequirestenmoreminutesthanLineB．C．Thereare9openinghourseverydayinDecember.D．Peoplecansave10%iftheybuytwoticketsforthesameline.Haveyoueverhadanexperiencewhereyoumeetsomeonenew,learntheirnameandthinktoyourself,“Wow,theyreallylookjustliketheirname!”Whatdoesthismean,exactly?Scientistsaresuggestingthathumanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusaleminIsraelcollectedthousandsofphotosofpeoplefaces.Theylabeledeachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.Itseemsthathumansareabletorecognizecertaincharacteristicsoffacesthatcangivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkswhenwe’relookingatnameswithinourownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousenicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thisshowsthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy,aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome,”RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Previousstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypescanaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.Peoplemaythinkthatwomennamedrosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobedelicateandfeminine,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.14．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Peoplecanguessothers’namesbaseontheirappearance.B．Aperson’sappearancecanbeaffectedbythreefactors.C．Thereareseveralwaystoguessastranger’sname.D．It’snotpolitetoaskstrangersabouttheirnames.15．Dr.RuthMayothinkssomepeoplelookliketheirnamesbecauseof_______.A．racialstereotypes B．theiruniquecultureC．aself-fulfillingprophecy D．theirlivingenvironment16．Accordingtothepassage,mennamedBobareexpectedto_______.A．wearglasses B．havebigeyes C．lookbeautiful D．haveroundfaces17．Whatdoweknowfromthisresearch?A．Nicknameshaveabiggerinfluenceonpeople’sappearance.B．Genderandracehavenoinfluenceonaperson’sappearance.C．Thevolunteersguessednearlyfournamescorrectlyoutoften.D．Peoplearegoodatrecognizingthedifferentcharacteristicsoffaces.WordBankerEnglish-Chineseisakindofsoftware（软件）whichallowsuserstopracticetheirChinesevocabularyinseveraldifferentways.Althoughtheprogramisn’tthemostconvenientoneyou’veeverused,itcanhelpimproveyourChinesevocabulary.Theprogram’sinterface（界面）isn’tveryattractivesomanypeopledon’tlikeitwhentheyfirstseeit.Also,itcansometimesbehardtooperate（操作）.Eachfunction（功能）holdsawindow,butifyouclosethewindow,itwilltakeyoubacktothemainmenuorclosetheprogram.Butifyoucontinueusingtheprogram,youwillfindthereareseveralusefulexercisesinit.Userscanreadawordorphrase（词组）inEnglishandthenclick（点击）onthematchingwordinChinese,heartheChinesewordspokenandchoosethematchingEnglishword,orseetheEnglishwordwrittenandthentype（打字）theChineseword.Theprogramallowsuserstopracticenotonlytheirvocabulary,butalsotheirreading,listeningandspellingskills.Onceusersknowaword,theycansaveitsothatitstopsappearingintheexercises.TheprogramalsoallowsuserstopracticevocabularybyseeingtheEnglishandChinesewordsandhearingtheChinesespoken.The“Help”providesgoodinstructionsforuserstouse.Nothingisperfect.WordBankerEnglish-Chinesehasmanyadvantagesandcertaindisadvantagesaswell.Wecanuseitaccordingtoourneeds.18．WhowillbeinterestedinWordBankerEnglish-Chinese?A．NativeEnglishspeakerswhowanttolearnC