高考英语一轮复习练案35选修6Module5Cloning练习含解析外研版

一轮复习精品资料(高中)PAGEPAGE1选修六Module5CloningⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·河南省九师联盟质检)AsspringadvancesacrosstheMidwest,anewstudylookingatblooming(盛开的)flowerssuggestsnon­nativeplantsmightlivelongerthannativeplantsduetoclimatechange.Thestudy—ledbyresearchersatIndianaUniversityandMichiganStateUniversity—hasshownwarmingtemperaturesaffectnativeandnon­nativefloweringplantsdifferently,whichcouldchangethelookoflocalplaceovertime.“Whenaplantflowersdetermineswhetheritwillbepollinated(授粉)bybeesorotherinsectsandhowmuchtimeitwillhavetoproduceseeds.Ourdatamakesmeworrythatwewillhaveaveryweedyworldinourfuture，”saidthestudy'sleadauthorJenLau,anassociateprofessorinIndianaUniversity.Theresearchers'findingssuggestnon­nativeplantsmaybebetteratshiftingtheirfloweringtimecomparedtonativeplants.Thesedifferencesarethoughttoinfluenceaplant'ssuccessbothnowandinfuturewarmerenvironments.Lauandherstudentssimulated(模拟)globalwarminginfieldsplantedwith45nativeandnon­nativeplants.Someareaswerewarmedbyinfrared(红外线的)heaters,whileotherareaswerenot.Lau'slabsurveyedallplantstodeterminewhentheyfirstfloweredandhowlongtheyflowered.WhenplantsweregrowninwarmedplotssimulatingtheclimatechangeexpectedintheMidwestbytheendofthecentury,theresearchersfoundthatnon­nativeplantsfloweredmorethan11daysearlieronaverage.Incontrast,nativeplantsdidn'tchangefloweringtimesatallwhenwarmed.Theyalsofoundearlier­floweringnon­nativeplantshadgreatergeographicspread,suggestingthatfloweringearliermayhelppromotesuccessfuloccupationacrosslargeareas.Thefindingssuggestimportantdifferencesinhownativeandnon­nativeplantsrespondtoclimatechange.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。一项新的研究发现，本土植物比非本土植物更易受气候变化的影响。1．Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutnativeplantscomparedwithnon­natives？DA．Theymayhavealongerlifecycle.B．Theyarelikelytohavemoreflowers.C．Theyaremoreadaptabletoclimatechange.D．Theymaybeatgreaterriskfromclimatechange.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段“...anewstudylookingatblooming(盛开的)flowerssuggestsnon­nativeplantsmightlivelongerthannativeplantsduetoclimatechange.”可知，跟非本土植物相比，气候变化给本土植物带来的危险更大。故选D。2．WhatdoJenLau'swordsinparagraph2suggest？CA．She'squitesurethataweedyworldiswaitingforus.B．Plantsmaylosetheabilitytoflowerinthefuture.C．Thetimingofaplant'sfloweringiskeytoitslifecycle.D．Aplant'sfloweringtimealmosthasnoeffectonitspollination.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段“‘Whenaplantflowersdetermineswhetheritwillbepollinated(授粉)bybeesorotherinsectsandhowmuchtimeitwillhavetoproduceseeds.’”可知，植物的开花时间决定了它是否会被蜜蜂授粉以及它将有多少时间来产生种子。由此可推断，植物的开花时间是它生命周期的关键。故选C。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shifting”inparagraph3probablymean？AA．Changing. B．Postponing.C．Arranging. D．Predicting.〖解析〗词意猜测题。画线词所在句子句意表示“研究人员的发现表明非本土植物可能比本土植物更擅长它们的开花时间”，再根据第五段“...theresearchersfoundthatnon­nativeplantsfloweredmorethan11daysearlieronaverage.Incontrast,nativeplantsdidn'tchangefloweringtimesatallwhenwarmed.”可推断，画线词义为“改变”。故选A。4．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？BA．Howglobalwarmingaffectedplantspecies.B．Howtheresearcherstestedtheirsupposition.C．Howtokeepthewarmthoftheplantedfields.D．Howtodeterminethefloweringtimesofplants.〖解析〗段落大意题。根据第三段“Thesedifferencesarethoughttoinfluenceaplant'ssuccessbothnowandinfuturewarmerenvironments.”及第四段中提到“模拟全球变暖”和“用红外线加热器”等可推断，第四段主要讲述的是研究人员是如何测试他们的假设的。故选B。BNewresearchshowsthatpeoplewithblueeyeshaveasingle,commonancestor.AteamattheUniversityofCopenhagenhavetrackeddownageneticmutation(突变)whichtookplace6,000－10,000yearsagoandisthecauseottheeyecolourofallblue­eyedhumansaliveontheplanettoday.“Originally,weallhadbrowneyes，”saidProfessorHansEiberg.“ButageneticmutationaffectingtheOCA2gene(基因)inourbodyresultedinthecreationofaswitch,whichliterallyturnedofftheabilitytoproducebrowneyes.”TheOCA2genecodesfortheso­calledPprotein,whichisinvolvedintheproductionofmelanin(黑色素)．Itgivescolourtoourhair,eyesandskin.Theswitch,whichislocatedinthegeneclosetoOCA2,doesnot,however,turnoffthegeneentirely,butratherlimitsitsactiontoreducingtheproductionofmelaninintheeyeball—effectivelyturningbrowneyestoblue.TheeffectoftheswitchonOCA2isveryspecifictherefore.IftheOCA2genehadbeencompletelydestroyedorturnedoff,humanbeingswouldbewithoutmelaninintheirhair,eyesorskincolour.Variationinthecolouroftheeyesfrombrowntogreencanallbeexplainedbytheamountofmelaninintheeyeball,butblue­eyedindividualsonlyhaveasmalldegreeofvariationintheamountofmelaninintheireyes.“Fromthiswecanconcludethatallblue­eyedindividualsarelinkedtothesameancestor，”saysProfessorEiberg.“Theyhaveallinherited(继承)thesameswitchatexactlythesamespotintheirDNA.”Brown­eyedindividuals,bycontrast,haveconsiderableindividualvariationintheareaoftheirDNAthatcontrolsmelaninproduction.Themutationofbrowneyestobluerepresentsneitherapositivenoranegativemutation.Itisoneofseveralmutationssuchashaircolour,baldness,andbeautyspots,whichneitherincreasesnorreducesahuman'schanceofsurvival.AsProfessorEibergsays,“itsimplyshowsthatnatureisconstantlyaffectingthehumangenesandtryingoutdifferentchangesasitdoesso.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了基因突变是如何改变人们眼睛的颜色的。5．WhatisthefindingofProfessorHansEiberg'steam？DA．Theeyecolourcanbechangedbyadjustinggenestoday.B．Blue­eyedpeoplehavesurvivedduetotheirspecialgenes.C．Theeyecolourcanhelpdiscoverwhatpeople'sancestorswere.D．Ageneticmutationleadstothechangeofpeople'seyecolour.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“ageneticmutation(突变)．..isthecauseoftheeyecolourofallblue­eyedhumansaliveontheplanettoday.”可知，HansEiberg教授团队发现基因突变导致人类眼睛颜色的改变。故选D。6．Whatcanwelearnabout“theswitch”fromParagraph3？CA．Itproducesmelanindirectly.B．Itcanbelimitedbyothergenes.C．Ithelpsproducelessmelanin.D．IthelpsOCA2functioninourbody.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Theswitch...butratherlimitsitsactiontoreducingtheproductionofmelaninintheeyeball”可知，它有助于产生较少的黑色素。故选C。7．Whycanweconcludeallblue­eyedindividualsarelinkedtothesameancestor？DA．Theyhavealmostthesamegene.B．Theyhavemorevariationingenes.C．Theyhavemoremelaninintheireyes.D．Theyhaveasmalldegreeofvariationintheamountofmelanin.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第四段中的“butblue­eyedindividualsonlyhaveasmalldegreeofvariationintheamountofmelaninintheireyes.‘Fromthiswecanconcludethatallblue­eyedindividualsarelinkedtothesameancestor，’”可知，在他们的眼睛的黑色素数量上他们有着较少程度的改变是我们得出所有蓝色眼睛的人有共同祖先的原因。故选D。8．Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus？AA．Natureaffectsourgenes.B．Onlythefittestcansurvive.C．Wearedecidedbyourgenes.D．Somegeneticmutationsarepointless.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“itsimplyshowsthatnatureisconstantlyaffectingthehumangenesandtryingoutdifferentchangesasitdoesso”可推知，自然影响着我们的基因。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(2020·四川省天府名校联考)Isourplanetheatingup?Arehumanbeingstoblameforclimatechange?1.GThediscussiononthissubjecthasbeenheated,butwhatarescientistsactuallysaying?AtReader'sDigest,wedecidedtofinditout.2.BYes,ithas,andevenwarmer.Greenlandwasforestedbetween450,000and800,000yearsago,sotemperatureswereconsiderablywarmerthen.Therehavealsobeenothertimesofrelativelyhightemperatures.Sowhydoestheconcernexist?It'sallaboutthespeedatwhichtemperaturesarechanging.3.EButinthe20thand21stcenturies,especiallysince1976,temperatureshaveprobablyrisenmorequicklythanduringanycenturyinthepast1,000years.WarmingmaybringimprovedcropproductionandotherbenefitstonortherncountriessuchasCanadaorRussia.However,manyspeciesmaynotadapttotheseconditions,andtheonethatisabletomaycauseaproblem.4.FTheWestNilevirus,firstseeninNorthAmericanineyearsago,infectedabout4,000peopleintheUSin2006.Themountainpinebeetle,whichisactiveduringwarmerwinters,hasalreadydestroyedabout13millionhectaresofCanada'sforests,worthanestimated$6.4billion.Whatiscausingthewarming?IPCChasconcludedthathumanactivityisverylikelyresponsible,byincreasingtheconcentrationsofgreenhousegasesandthusthegreenhouseeffect.5.ATheyarguethehumancontributionisnothing.A．Somescientists,however,stilldisagree.B．Hastheplaneteverbeenthiswarmbefore?C．Hashumanbehaviormadetheplanetwarm?D．Temperatureshavebeenchangingallthetime.E．Inthepast,temperaturesmovedupordowngradually.F．Mosquitoeshavebeenmovingnorthwardstohigherplaces.G．Thesequestionshaveburstintonewspapers,filmsandpopularbooks.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是科学家关注引起气候变暖的真正原因，及对该问题的讨论。〖解析〗1．根据前文提出的两个问题可知，G选项中的thesequestions指代前文的两个问题；再根据下文可知，关于“气候变暖”的问题讨论一直很热烈，G选项中提到“气候变暖这些问题在报纸、电影和书籍中都提到过。”，由此可知，G选项能承接上下文，故选G。2．根据下文的Yes,ithas,andevenwarmer.(是的，有，而且更暖和。)，可知此句是答语，由ithas也可推知，问句的部分包含has助动词，B项符合这个要求，且语义(地球以前有过这么温暖吗？)承接下文，故选B。3．根据上下文可知，此处强调的是气候的变化，且E选项中的temperatures和上下文呼应，且语境承接上下文，故选E。4．根据前文的manyspecies(许多物种)可知，此处用“Mosquitoes”进行举例说明，因为一些物种无法适应这种环境，所以蚊子向北移到较高的地方，故F项承接上文，故选F。5．根据上下文可知，政府间气候变化专门委员会得出结论，人类活动很可能是罪魁祸首，因为人类活动增加了温室气体的浓度，从而造成了温室效应。然而，一些科学家仍然不同意。他们认为人类的贡献微不足道。故A项承接上下文，且呼应本文主题，故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology,theresearchofhumangenes,1.orbiologicalengineering,aspeoplecallit,isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Sometimesitisahottopic2.discussed(discuss)bypeople.Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoiscureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwo3.killers(kill)．Andtodate,doctorshavenotfound4.an/anyeffectivewaytocurethem.Butifthegenetechnology5.isapplied(apply),notonlycanthesetwodiseasesbecuredcompletely,6.bringing(bring)happinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients,butalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespentoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved,so7.itbenefitstheeconomyaswell.Inaddition,humanlifespan(寿命)canbeprolonged.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren.Somefamilies,withtheEnglishimperial(皇室)familybeingagoodexample,havehereditarydiseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydisease,8.whichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies.Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases,9.butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblem10.perfectly(perfect)．Thescientistjustneedstofindthewronggeneandcorrectit,andahealthychildwillbeborn.文章大意：本文介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。〖解析〗1．考查连词。句意：在所有快速增长的科技中，对于基因的研究或生物工程，越来越吸引人们的注意力。故填or“或者”。2．考查非谓语动词。句意：有时这是个被人们讨论的热门话题。故填过去分词discussed作后置定语，与topic之间是被动关系。3．考查名词。句意：每年有两大杀手。根据第二段第一句话提到“Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoiscureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.”癌症和心脏病是两大杀手。故填killers。4．考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，医生还没有发现一个/任何有效的方法来治愈。故填an/anyeffectiveway“一个/任何有效的方法”。5．考查动词的语态。句意：如果基因技术被应用，不仅这两大疾病能完全治愈……。apply和thegenetechnology是动宾关系。故填isapplied。6．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果基因技术被应用，不仅这两大疾病能完全治愈，给病人带来幸福……。现在分词作结果状语。故填bringing。7．考查代词。句意：因此它也能使经济受益。故填代词it代指基因技术被应用。8．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就意味着他们的孩子有遗传病，对于许多家庭来说这是个大的麻烦。故填which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代主句内容。9．考查连词。句意：过去人们对遗传性疾病束手无策，而基因技术能够解决这个问题。空前后两句话是转折关系。故填but。10．考查副词。句意：而基因技术能够很好地解决这个问题。副词修饰动词solve。故填perfectly。Ⅳ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2020·惠州市第一次调研)LastFriday,wewerehavingourclasswhileourteacherMissLisuddenlyslippedandfallontheground.Allthestudentswereconcernabouther.Helpedbysomestudents,Icarriedheronbacktotheclinicimmediately.Herleftlegwasturnedouttobebrokenandshehadtostayinhospitalforhalfamonth.Thefollowingday,wepaidavisitforherwithflowersandfruits.Seeherlegwrappedinbandage,allofusfeltsorryforher,hopingshewouldrecoversoon.Unexpectedly,onlyfivedayslate,MissLireturnedtotheclassonawheelchairtogiveuslessons.Weweredeepmoved,allrisingtoapplaudher.〖答案〗LastFriday,wewerehavingourclasseq\o(while,\s\do8(when))ourteacherMissLisuddenlyslippedandeq\o(fall,\s\do8(fell))ontheground.Allthestudentswereeq\o(concern,\s\do8(concerned))abouther.Helpedbysomestudents,Icarriedheroneq\o(∧,\s\do8(my/the))backtotheclinicimmediately.Herleftlegwasturnedouttobebrokenandshehadtostayinhospitalforhalfamonth.Thefollowingday,wepaidavisiteq\o(for,\s\do8(to))herwithflowersandfruits.eq\o(See,\s\do8(Seeing))herlegwrappedineq\o(bandage,\s\do8(bandages))，allofusfeltsorryforher,hopingshewouldrecoversoon.Unexpectedly,onlyfivedayseq\o(late,\s\do8(later))，MissLireturnedtotheclassonawheelchairtogiveuslessons.Wewereeq\o(deep,\s\do8(deeply))moved,allrisingtoapplaudher.〖解析〗1．考查固定句型。bedoingsth.when...表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。故将while改为when。2．考查动词的时态。根据上文中的“LastFriday”可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情。故将fall改一般过去时fell。3．考查固定用法。beconcernedaboutsb.意为“担心某人”。故将concern改为concerned。4．考查固定搭配。onone's/theback意为“在某人的背上”。故添加my/the。5．考查动词语态。turnouttobe为固定搭配，意为“结果是；证明是”，此处不用被动语态。故删除was。6．考查介词。payavisitto是固定搭配，意为“拜访；参观；访问”。故将for改为to。7．考查非谓语动词。看到她的腿上裹着绷带，我们都为她感到难过，希望她快点康复。分析该句结构可知，主语allofus和动词see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，该处表示伴随。故改现在分词seeing作时间状语。8．考查名词复数。bandage为可数名词，其前没有限定词修饰。故应将bandage改为bandages。9．考查副词。未曾料到的是，仅仅五天后李老师坐着轮椅回到班级给我们上课了。later意为“后来；以后”。故将late改为later。知识储备：late、later和lately的用法区别：late是形容词，也可作副词，表示“迟；晚”；lately是副词，表示“最近；近来”；later是副词，表示“后来；以后”，也可作形容词，仅用于名词前，表示“较晚时候的；以后的”。10．考查副词。该词修饰后面的形容词moved。故改副词形式deeply，表示“深深地”。选修六Module5CloningⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·河南省九师联盟质检)AsspringadvancesacrosstheMidwest,anewstudylookingatblooming(盛开的)flowerssuggestsnon­nativeplantsmightlivelongerthannativeplantsduetoclimatechange.Thestudy—ledbyresearchersatIndianaUniversityandMichiganStateUniversity—hasshownwarmingtemperaturesaffectnativeandnon­nativefloweringplantsdifferently,whichcouldchangethelookoflocalplaceovertime.“Whenaplantflowersdetermineswhetheritwillbepollinated(授粉)bybeesorotherinsectsandhowmuchtimeitwillhavetoproduceseeds.Ourdatamakesmeworrythatwewillhaveaveryweedyworldinourfuture，”saidthestudy'sleadauthorJenLau,anassociateprofessorinIndianaUniversity.Theresearchers'findingssuggestnon­nativeplantsmaybebetteratshiftingtheirfloweringtimecomparedtonativeplants.Thesedifferencesarethoughttoinfluenceaplant'ssuccessbothnowandinfuturewarmerenvironments.Lauandherstudentssimulated(模拟)globalwarminginfieldsplantedwith45nativeandnon­nativeplants.Someareaswerewarmedbyinfrared(红外线的)heaters,whileotherareaswerenot.Lau'slabsurveyedallplantstodeterminewhentheyfirstfloweredandhowlongtheyflowered.WhenplantsweregrowninwarmedplotssimulatingtheclimatechangeexpectedintheMidwestbytheendofthecentury,theresearchersfoundthatnon­nativeplantsfloweredmorethan11daysearlieronaverage.Incontrast,nativeplantsdidn'tchangefloweringtimesatallwhenwarmed.Theyalsofoundearlier­floweringnon­nativeplantshadgreatergeographicspread,suggestingthatfloweringearliermayhelppromotesuccessfuloccupationacrosslargeareas.Thefindingssuggestimportantdifferencesinhownativeandnon­nativeplantsrespondtoclimatechange.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。一项新的研究发现，本土植物比非本土植物更易受气候变化的影响。1．Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutnativeplantscomparedwithnon­natives？DA．Theymayhavealongerlifecycle.B．Theyarelikelytohavemoreflowers.C．Theyaremoreadaptabletoclimatechange.D．Theymaybeatgreaterriskfromclimatechange.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段“...anewstudylookingatblooming(盛开的)flowerssuggestsnon­nativeplantsmightlivelongerthannativeplantsduetoclimatechange.”可知，跟非本土植物相比，气候变化给本土植物带来的危险更大。故选D。2．WhatdoJenLau'swordsinparagraph2suggest？CA．She'squitesurethataweedyworldiswaitingforus.B．Plantsmaylosetheabilitytoflowerinthefuture.C．Thetimingofaplant'sfloweringiskeytoitslifecycle.D．Aplant'sfloweringtimealmosthasnoeffectonitspollination.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段“‘Whenaplantflowersdetermineswhetheritwillbepollinated(授粉)bybeesorotherinsectsandhowmuchtimeitwillhavetoproduceseeds.’”可知，植物的开花时间决定了它是否会被蜜蜂授粉以及它将有多少时间来产生种子。由此可推断，植物的开花时间是它生命周期的关键。故选C。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shifting”inparagraph3probablymean？AA．Changing. B．Postponing.C．Arranging. D．Predicting.〖解析〗词意猜测题。画线词所在句子句意表示“研究人员的发现表明非本土植物可能比本土植物更擅长它们的开花时间”，再根据第五段“...theresearchersfoundthatnon­nativeplantsfloweredmorethan11daysearlieronaverage.Incontrast,nativeplantsdidn'tchangefloweringtimesatallwhenwarmed.”可推断，画线词义为“改变”。故选A。4．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？BA．Howglobalwarmingaffectedplantspecies.B．Howtheresearcherstestedtheirsupposition.C．Howtokeepthewarmthoftheplantedfields.D．Howtodeterminethefloweringtimesofplants.〖解析〗段落大意题。根据第三段“Thesedifferencesarethoughttoinfluenceaplant'ssuccessbothnowandinfuturewarmerenvironments.”及第四段中提到“模拟全球变暖”和“用红外线加热器”等可推断，第四段主要讲述的是研究人员是如何测试他们的假设的。故选B。BNewresearchshowsthatpeoplewithblueeyeshaveasingle,commonancestor.AteamattheUniversityofCopenhagenhavetrackeddownageneticmutation(突变)whichtookplace6,000－10,000yearsagoandisthecauseottheeyecolourofallblue­eyedhumansaliveontheplanettoday.“Originally,weallhadbrowneyes，”saidProfessorHansEiberg.“ButageneticmutationaffectingtheOCA2gene(基因)inourbodyresultedinthecreationofaswitch,whichliterallyturnedofftheabilitytoproducebrowneyes.”TheOCA2genecodesfortheso­calledPprotein,whichisinvolvedintheproductionofmelanin(黑色素)．Itgivescolourtoourhair,eyesandskin.Theswitch,whichislocatedinthegeneclosetoOCA2,doesnot,however,turnoffthegeneentirely,butratherlimitsitsactiontoreducingtheproductionofmelaninintheeyeball—effectivelyturningbrowneyestoblue.TheeffectoftheswitchonOCA2isveryspecifictherefore.IftheOCA2genehadbeencompletelydestroyedorturnedoff,humanbeingswouldbewithoutmelaninintheirhair,eyesorskincolour.Variationinthecolouroftheeyesfrombrowntogreencanallbeexplainedbytheamountofmelaninintheeyeball,butblue­eyedindividualsonlyhaveasmalldegreeofvariationintheamountofmelaninintheireyes.“Fromthiswecanconcludethatallblue­eyedindividualsarelinkedtothesameancestor，”saysProfessorEiberg.“Theyhaveallinherited(继承)thesameswitchatexactlythesamespotintheirDNA.”Brown­eyedindividuals,bycontrast,haveconsiderableindividualvariationintheareaoftheirDNAthatcontrolsmelaninproduction.Themutationofbrowneyestobluerepresentsneitherapositivenoranegativemutation.Itisoneofseveralmutationssuchashaircolour,baldness,andbeautyspots,whichneitherincreasesnorreducesahuman'schanceofsurvival.AsProfessorEibergsays,“itsimplyshowsthatnatureisconstantlyaffectingthehumangenesandtryingoutdifferentchangesasitdoesso.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了基因突变是如何改变人们眼睛的颜色的。5．WhatisthefindingofProfessorHansEiberg'steam？DA．Theeyecolourcanbechangedbyadjustinggenestoday.B．Blue­eyedpeoplehavesurvivedduetotheirspecialgenes.C．Theeyecolourcanhelpdiscoverwhatpeople'sancestorswere.D．Ageneticmutationleadstothechangeofpeople'seyecolour.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“ageneticmutation(突变)．..isthecauseoftheeyecolourofallblue­eyedhumansaliveontheplanettoday.”可知，HansEiberg教授团队发现基因突变导致人类眼睛颜色的改变。故选D。6．Whatcanwelearnabout“theswitch”fromParagraph3？CA．Itproducesmelanindirectly.B．Itcanbelimitedbyothergenes.C．Ithelpsproducelessmelanin.D．IthelpsOCA2functioninourbody.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Theswitch...butratherlimitsitsactiontoreducingtheproductionofmelaninintheeyeball”可知，它有助于产生较少的黑色素。故选C。7．Whycanweconcludeallblue­eyedindividualsarelinkedtothesameancestor？DA．Theyhavealmostthesamegene.B．Theyhavemorevariationingenes.C．Theyhavemoremelaninintheireyes.D．Theyhaveasmalldegreeofvariationintheamountofmelanin.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第四段中的“butblue­eyedindividualsonlyhaveasmalldegreeofvariationintheamountofmelaninintheireyes.‘Fromthiswecanconcludethatallblue­eyedindividualsarelinkedtothesameancestor，’”可知，在他们的眼睛的黑色素数量上他们有着较少程度的改变是我们得出所有蓝色眼睛的人有共同祖先的原因。故选D。8．Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus？AA．Natureaffectsourgenes.B．Onlythefittestcansurvive.C．Wearedecidedbyourgenes.D．Somegeneticmutationsarepointless.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“itsimplyshowsthatnatureisconstantlyaffectingthehumangenesandtryingoutdifferentchangesasitdoesso”可推知，自然影响着我们的基因。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(2020·四川省天府名校联考)Isourplanetheatingup?Arehumanbeingstoblameforclimatechange?1.GThediscussiononthissubjecthasbeenheated,butwhatarescientistsactuallysaying?AtReader'sDigest,wedecidedtofinditout.2.BYes,ithas,andevenwarmer.Greenlandwasforestedbetween450,000and800,000yearsago,sotemperatureswereconsiderablywarmerthen.Therehavealsobeenothertimesofrelativelyhightemperatures.Sowhydoestheconcernexist?It'sallaboutthespeedatwhichtemperaturesarechanging.3.EButinthe20thand21stcenturies,especiallysince1976,temperatureshaveprobablyrisenmorequicklythanduringanycenturyinthepast1,000years.WarmingmaybringimprovedcropproductionandotherbenefitstonortherncountriessuchasCanadaorRussia.However,manyspeciesmaynotadapttotheseconditions,andtheonethatisabletomaycauseaproblem.4.FTheWestNilevirus,firstseeninNorthAmericanineyearsago,infectedabout4,000peopleintheUSin2006.Themountainpinebeetle,whichisactiveduringwarmerwinters,hasalreadydestroyedabout13millionhectaresofCanada'sforests,worthanestimated$6.4billion.Whatiscausingthewarming?IPCChasconcludedthathumanactivityisverylikelyresponsible,byincreasingtheconcentrationsofgreenhousegasesandthusthegreenhouseeffect.5.ATheyarguethehumancontributionisnothing.A．Somescientists,however,stilldisagree.B．Hastheplaneteverbeenthiswarmbefore?C．Hashumanbehaviormadetheplanetwarm?D．Temperatureshavebeenchangingallthetime.E．Inthepast,temperaturesmovedupordowngradually.F．Mosquitoeshavebeenmovingnorthwardstohigherplaces.G．Thesequestionshaveburstintonewspapers,filmsandpopularbooks.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是科学家关注引起气候变暖的真正原因，及对该问题的讨论。〖解析〗1．根据前文提出的两个问题可知，G选项中的thesequestions指代前文的两个问题；再根据下文可知，关于“气候变暖”的问题讨论一直很热烈，G选项中提到“气候变暖这些问题在报纸、电影和书籍中都提到过。”，由此可知，G选项能承接上下文，故选G。2．根据下文的Yes,ithas,andevenwarmer.(是的，有，而且更暖和。)，可知此句是答语，由ithas也可推知，问句的部分包含has助动词，B项符合这个要求，且语义(地球以前有过这么温暖吗？)承接下文，故选B。3．根据上下文可知，此处强调的是气候的变化，且E选项中的temperatures和上下文呼应，且语境承接上下文，故选E。4．根据前文的manyspecies(许多物种)可知，此处用“Mosquitoes”进行举例说明，因为一些物种无法适应这种环境，所以蚊子向北移到较高的地方，故F项承接上文，故选F。5．根据上下文可知，政府间气候变化专门委员会得出结论，人类活动很可能是罪魁祸首，因为人类活动增加了温室气体的浓度，从而造成了温室效应。然而，一些科学家仍然不同意。他们认为人类的贡献微不足道。故A项承接上下文，且呼应本文主题，故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology,theresearchofhumangenes,1.orbiologicalengineering,aspeoplecallit,isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Sometimesitisahottopic2.discussed(discuss)bypeople.Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoiscureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwo3.killers(kill)．Andtodate,doctorshavenotfound4.an/anyeffectivewaytocurethem.Butifthegenetechnology5.isapplied(apply),notonlycanthesetwodiseasesbecuredcompletely,6.bringing(bring)happinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients,butalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespentoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved,so7.itbenefitstheeconomyaswell.Inaddition,humanlifespan(寿命)canbeprolonged.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren.Somefamilies,withtheEnglishimperial(皇室)familybeingagoodexample,havehereditarydiseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydisease,8.whichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies.Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases,9.butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblem10.perfectly(perfect)．Thescientistjustneedstofindthewronggeneandcorrectit,andahealthychildwillbeborn.文章大意：本文介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。〖解析〗1．考查连词。句意：在所有快速增长的科技中，对于基因的研究或生物工程，越来越吸引人们的注意力。故填or“或者”。2．考查非谓语动词。句意：有时这是个被人们讨论的热门话题。故填过去分词discussed作后置定语，与topic之间是被动关系。3．考查名词。句意：每年有两大杀手。根据第二段第一句话提到“Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoiscureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothing