2023年北京高考英语试题及答案详解

2023年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试及答案英语〔北京卷〕其次局部：学问运用〔共两节，45分〕第一节单项填空〔15115分〕从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain. ,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smore B.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D。Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother, plantscanspreadtonewplaces.so B.or C.for D.but—Hi,let’sgoskating. —Sorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I inanapplicationformforanewjob.fill B.havefilled C.amfilling D.willfillJaneisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves halfanhour.by B.in C.for D.until carefullyifanychangeoccurswhendoingexperimentsinthelab..Observe B.Toobserve C.Observed D.ObservingLastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople theopeningceremonyliveonTV.A.watch B.towatch C.watched D.watchingIborrowthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek, myclassmatesrecommendedtome..A.who B.which C.when D.Where Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwon’ttakelong.Can B.Must C.Shall D.ShouldTherearestillmanyproblems beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.solving B.solved C.beingsolved D.tobesolved29. theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.A.As B.When C.Eventhough D.IncaseThebestmomentforthefootballstarwas hescoredthewinninggoal.A.where B.when C.how D.why31.—Whattimeisit? —Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute,I itforyou.A.check B.checked C.willcheck D.wouldcheckIfoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit whenIarrived.started B.wasstarting C.wouldstart D.hadstartedSomepeoplebelieve hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.whatever B.whenever. C.whereever D.howeverWe backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.are B.were C.willbe D.wouldbe35.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout ..A.recognizing B.beingrecognized C.havingrecognized D.havingbeenrecognized其次节完形填空〔201.530分〕A、B、C、DTheFitting-inofSuzyKhanThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.Shewasreallysmallforherageof12.Theboyinmyclassoften 36 aboutherandlaughedtheirheadsoff.Shewouldopenabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopen.AllIknewwasthatshewasanorphan(孤儿)fromAfrica.Shehadjustbeenadoptedbyafamilyintownwho 37thatthebestwayforhertolearnAmericanwaysoflifewastobewithamericankids.Ilookeddownatthis 38 girlandpromisedmyselfthatsomehowIwouldhelpher.ButhowcouldIhelpher 39 inwithus?Therehadtobea 40 .Oneday,whenIwentintotheclassroom,IsawthatSuzyhad 41 hergeographybooktoapictureofatrain,andinhernotebook,shehadmadea(n) 42 copy.Iwassurprisedandthoughtthatshecoulddosomethinginthecoming 43 show.So,Itookhertoseetheartteacher,MissParker,andshowedherwhatSuzyhad 44 .“why,it’swonderful,”saidMissParker,whothenshowedusapostershehadpainted 45 thetalentshow.“Ineedmoreofthese,butIjustdon’thaveenough 46 .Couldyouhelpme,Suzy?”Onthedayofthetalentshow,Suzy’s 47 wereeverywhere alloverthehallandallovertheschool,eachonedifferent.“Andfinally,”saidMrBrown,theschoolmaster,attheendoftheshow,“wehavea(n)award.I’msureyou’veallnoticedthewonderfulposters.”Everyonenodded.“Oneofourownstudents 49 them.”Icouldheareveryonewhispering.“Whoinourschoolcoulddraw 50 well?”Mr.Brownwaitedawhilebeforesaying,“ 51 thisstudentworkedsohardontheposters,shedeservesa52 ,too.Ourmystery(奇特)artistisournewstudent SuzyKhan!”Mr.Brownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessionalartist’sset.“Thankyou,”shecried.I 53 ,atthattimewhenIwaslookingatherexcitedface,she’dprobablynever 54 anythinginherwholelife.Everyonestartedto 55 theirhands.SuzyKhangavethemashysmileandtheapplausewasdefening.IknewthenSuzywasgoingtoneallright.36.A.jokedB.caredC.trainsD.worried37.A.reportedB.decidedC.complainedD.questioned38.A.richB.proudC.tinyD.popular39.A.comeBfallC.fitD.tie40.A.mannerB.patternC.choiceD.way41.A.readB.takenC.openedD.put42.A.freeB.perfectC.finalD.extra43.A.areB.talkC.quizD.talent44.A.coloredB.writtenC.carvedD.drawn45.A.atB.afterC.forD.around46.A.roomB.timeC.paperD.interest47.A.giftsB.booksC.photosD.posters48.A.specialB.academicC.nationalD.rayal49.A.paintedB.foundC.printedD.collected50.A.veryB.thatC.quiteD.too51.A.IfB.ThoughC.UnlessD.Since52.A.prizeB.rankC.restD.place53.A.repliedB.realizedC.rememberedD.regretted54.A.offeredB.valuedC.ownedD.controlled55.A.clapB.waveC.raiseD.shake第三局部：阅读理解〔共两节，40〕第一节〔15230分〕阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASeaLifeMelbourneAquarium(水族馆)Theall-newSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD,isoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscovery,SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.OpeningTimesSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyear,includingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pm,onehourbeforeclosing.Location(位置)SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreet,Melbourne.ItissiyuatedontheYarraRiver,oppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTrainTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtrainstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute(公交线路)andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleBusTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisafreebusservice,stoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdaily,every15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.CarParkingWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,thereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.WheelchairAccessSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.TermsTicketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepted.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticket,noentry!SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium .islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecity B.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneC.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntill6:00pm D.isbesideCrownEntertainmentComplexGettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,visitorscantake .trainsfromsouthernCrosstrainstation B.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstationC.boatsacrosstheyarraRiver D.eithertramroute70or75SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors .freecarparking B.wheelchairaccess C.Internetconnection D.transportationserviceTicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium .arefreetoallvisircanbepursedbyemailC.rarecheckedattheentranceD.canbeprintedattheticketofficeBTheBrownBearMywifeLauraandIwereonthebeach,withthreeofourchildren,takingpicturesofshorebirdsnearwhenwespottedabear.Thebearwasthinandsmall,movingaimlessly.Justafewminuteslater,IheardmydaughteugbearisrightbehnAugreesivebearwillusuallrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.Thisonewassilentandback----thesignofananimalthatisgoinginforthekill.AnditwasacoldAprilday.Thebearbehavprobablybecauseofhunger.Iheldmycameratripodinbothhandstoformabarrierasthebearrushedintome.Itshugeheadwmychestandshoulders,andthetripodstuckacrossitsmouth.ItbitdownandIfoundmyselfsupportingitwouldnotbeabletoholditforlong.Evenso,thiswasafightIhadtowin:Iwasallthatstoodbetweenthebearandmyfamily,whowouldofrunningfasterthanabrownbear.Thebearhitatthecamera,cuttingitoffthetripod.Iraisedmyleftarmtoprotectmyface;thebeatripodandpresseditintomyside.Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmybonesweregoingtobreak.Drawingbackmyfreehand,IstruckthebearashardasIcouldforfivetosixtimes.Thebearopenedgraspeditsfur,tryingtopushitaway.Iwasactualbearatthispoint.Then,assuddenlyasbegun,thefightended.Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest,beforereturningforanotherattacfThepanic.Apparentlsatisfihawecausednofurthethreahebearmovedoffdestroyinafenceasiwent.Myarmwasinjured,buttheoutcomeforuscouldhardlyhavecouldhaveledtoaverydifferentoutcome.

rtatmyfamilyremindedclear-headedwhenpaniThebrownbearapproachedthefamilyinorderto .catchshorebirds B.startanattacCtectthechildrensetupabarrierforitselfThebearfinallywentawayafterit .feltsafe B.gotinjured C.foundsomefood D.tookawaythecameraThewriterandhisfamilysurvivedmainlyduetotheir .pride B.patience C.calmness D.cautiousnessCChoosingtheRightResolutionMillionsofAmericansbegan2023withthesameresolutiontheystarted2023with,agoaloflosingweisettingweightlossasagoalisamistake.Toreachourgoaloflosingweight---theoutput,weneedtocontrolwhatwet(endtocareabouttheoutpubutnottocontrotheinputThisisabadwaytoconstrucgoalsThealternatistofocusyourresolutionontheinput.Insteadofresolvingtoloseweight,tryanacaorisertfonch,llwalkeverydayfor20miuatingagoalthatfocusesonawell-specifiedinputwilllikelybemoreconcentratingontheoutcome.Recentlyanewsciencebehindincentesincludingineducation,hasbeendiscussed.Forexample,reincentivesbasedoninput,likereadingcertainbooks,whileinothers,theincentiveswerebasedonoutputHismainfindinwasthaincentiveincreaseachievementwhenbasedoninputbuthadnoeffeconoutputFryesconclusionwasthattheintensivesforinputsmightbemoreeffectivebecausedonotknoehowtodobettergeneralrulesudyhardrReadingcertainbooks,ontheotherhand,isawell-settaskoverwhichtheyhavcontrol.Aslongasyouhavedirectcontroloveryourgoal,youhaveamuchhigherchanceofs.againifyoufail,becauseyouknowexactlywhatyouneedtodo.

Ifyouwanttocutdownonyourspending,agoodgoalwouldbemakingmorningcoffeeathomeinsteadcafeforexampleThisisawell-specifiction-basoalforwhichyoucanmeasureyoursucceseasilpendinglessmoneyistagoalbecausoogeneral.Similarly,ifyouwanttospendmoretimewithyotliothisgeneralwish.Thinkboutanactionablehabitthatyoucouldadoptandstickto,likeafamilymovienighteInthelongrun,thesenewgoalscouldbecomeahabit.Thewriterthinksthatsettingweightlossasagoalisamistakebecause .itishardtoachieveformostAmericsitisfocusedtoomuchontheresultC.itisdependentontoomanythings D.itisbasedonactionabledecisionsInRolandFeresearch,somestudentsdidbetterthantheothersbecause .theyobeyedallthegeneralrules B.theypaidmoreattentiontoexamsC.theyweremotivatedbytheirclassmateD.theywererewardedforreadingsomebooksAccordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingstatementsisagoodgoal?“I’llgiveupdesert.” B.“I’llstudyharder.”C.“I’llcutdownmyexpense” D.“I’llspendmoretimewithmyfamily”Thewriterstronglybelievesthatweshould .developgoodhabitsandfocusontheoutcome B.beoptimisticaboutfinalgoalsandsticktothemC.pickspecificactionsthatcanbeturnedintogoodhabits D.setambitiousgoalsthatcanbalancetheinputangoutputDMultitaskingWhatisthefirstthingyouniticewhenyouwalkintoashop?Theproductsdisplayed(展现)attheentrance?Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?Buthaveyouevernoticethesmell?Unlessitisbad,theanswerislikelytobeno.Butwhileashop’sscentmaynotbeoutstandingcomparedwithsightsandsounds,itiscertainlythere.Anditisprovidingtobeanincreasingpowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.Abrandstorehasbecomefamousforitsdistinctivescentwhichfloatsthroughthefairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance,viascentmachines.Asmellmaybeattractivebutitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningair.Onesportsgoodscompanyoncereportedthatwhenitfirstintroducedscentintoitsstores,customers’intensiontopurchaseincreasedby80percent.WhenitcomestothebestshoppingstreetsinPairs,scentisjustasimportanttoabrand ’ssuccessasthequalityofitswindowdisplaysandgoodsonslaes.Thatismainlybecauseshoppingisaverydifferentexperiencetowhatitusedtobe.Someyearsago,thefocusforbrandnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants’disprovingattitudeanddon’t-touch-what-you-can’t-afforddisplays.Nowtheriseofelectroniccommerce(e-commerce)hasopenedupfamousbrandstoawideraudience.Butwhilee-shopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricks-and-mortarstores(实体店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop,butratheradestination.Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.Nowafamousstoreusescomplexman-madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment,andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore’swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,insearchoftheirperfectscent.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstore?Friendlyassistant. B.Uniquescents. C.Softbackgroundmusic D.attractivewindowdisplay.E-shopsarementionedinthepassageto .ashowtheadvantagesofbrick-and-mortarstores B.urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitudeC.pushstorestousesightsandsounds D.introducetheriseofe-commerceTheunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means .aplatformthatexhibtsgoods B.aspotwheretravelersliketostayC.aplacewherecustomerslovetogo D.atargetthatastoreexpectstomeetThemainpurposeofthepassageisto .compareandevaluate B.examineandassess C.argueanddiscuss D.informandexplain其次节〔5210分〕依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EvaluatingSources(来源)ofhealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequairsreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Resonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofinsrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources. 71Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminwhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy. 73Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehaviour“contributesto”oris“associatedwith”anoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.73Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.74Evaluatescientific”statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(江湖骗术).75Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.Developingtheabilitytoevaluatereasonablyandindependentlyaboutthehealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.Makechoicethatarerightforyou.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthor’spointofview.T