高中英语词义猜测技巧

WordsGuessing北京第十七中学秦月年高中英语猜词技巧TigersontheroadIfyoucomeacross/meetwithnewwords

whilereading,whatwillyoudo?

2.Ignorethemandcontinuereading;1.Lookthemupinthedictionary;3.Guessthemeanings;Whataretheskillsofguessingthemeaningsofnewwords?1.Hewasperformingbeforeapackedhomeandhistechniquewasunbelievable,histonewaswonderfulandhisaudiencedeeplylovedhim.unbelievablemeans__________________难以置信的Skill1______________________________构词法(wordformation)2.Exhibitionofficialssaidthatapersonbittenbyoneofthesesnakeswouldneedatleast80mlofananti-poisonmedicinetobesaved.anti-poisonmeans__________________解毒、抗毒一、发现规律，总结技巧1.合成法：将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起构成新词。warm-hearted,man-made,reading-room,sleepwalk2.派生法：在词根上加前缀(prefix)或后缀(suffix)构成另一个与原意略有变化或截然相反的词。前缀：uncomfortable,misunderstand,impossible;后缀：scientist,selfless,useful,decision前后缀：unbelievable,unforgettable,

disagreement3.转化法：一种词性用作另一种词性。Heisdoggingbehindme.他在我后面跟着。Wewill

back

youup.我们将支持你。构词法(wordformation)stethoscopemeans____________3.Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtoapatient’sheartbeatandbreathing.听诊器Skill2________________________________定义、解释(definitionandexplanation)4.Thetextbook

glossary

isalistofnewwordsandphraseswe’velearnedinthetext.glossarymeans____________词汇表periodicalmeans__________________5.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchool,orEnglishLearning.

期刊Skill3______________________________标点符号(punctuation)6.Thisyearabout2,300

teenagers

(youngpeopleagedfrom13－19)fromallovertheworldwillspendabouttenmonthsinU.S.homes.teenagermeans__________________青少年7.Theheatofsunwarmssomeoceanwater.Thesurfaceofthewaterevaporates,formingacloudofwarm,wetairthatmovesupward.evaporatemeans__________________蒸发Skill4__________________________________经验、常识(experienceandcommon-sense)8.Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfoods,andtheneatthemwiththeir

beaks

andtheyusetheir

claws

forpullingorholdingobjects.beakmeans______andclawmeans______喙爪子assemblemeans__________________9.Thepupilsassembledinfrontoftheschoolhall.Theycametogethertolistentotheheadmasterannouncetheresultofthesportsmeeting.聚集到Skill5__________________________________语境；因果关系(contextandcause-effect)10.IfoundIwaspayingtoomuchattentiontothejobandthussacrificingmystudytime.sacrificemeans__________________牺牲；失去11.Todayyoungcoupleswhoarejuststartingtheirhouseholdoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washing-machine,fridgeandcolourTVsets.appliancemeans__________________家用电器Skill6______________________________举例(examples)12.ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglot.Mr.White,forexample,speakssixlanguages.polyglotmeans__________________懂多种语言的detrimentalmeans__________________有害的Skill7________________________________13.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingcigarettesisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.14.OnenightMrs.Rochestersucceededinsettingthehouseonfire.Mr.Rochestermanagedtoleadtheservantstosafetyandthenwentbackintotheburning

mansiontorescuehiswife.mansionmeans__________________房子，楼房同义词、同等关系(synonyms)15.Andrewisoneofthemost

supercilious

menIknew.However,Hisbrotherisquitemodest.superciliousmeans__________________傲慢的Skill8______________________________对比、反义(contrastandantonym)16.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings;hiswife,however,isvery

thrifty.thriftymeans__________________节俭的高中英语猜测词义技巧

Summary1.构词法2.定义、解释3.标点符号4.经验、常识5.语境、因果6.举例8.对比、反义7.同义、同等一、构词法1.AsyouarereceivingmynotebyE-mail,it‘swisetorememberhoweasilythiswonderfultechnologycanbemisused,sometimesunintentionally(无意地),withseriousresults.误用2.

Sanctuariesareplaceswhereitisagainstthelawtohuntbirdsandanimals.禁猎区二、定义、解释二、生词有道，勇于猜测三、标点符号3.Bearsare

omnivorous.Theywilleateverything:othermammals,birds,fruits,plants,nuts,orfish.杂食性的四、经验、常识4.It’ssaidthatBillGatesisthemostaffluent

personintheworld.富有的五、语境、因果5.Althoughthefishermanwaswearingsou’wester,thestormwassoheavythathewaswetthrough.防雨衣六、举例6.Childrenlikesuch

beasts

asdogsandmonkeys.动物七、同义、同等7.

E-commerce,orbusinessdoneontheInternet,isbecomingmoreandmorepopularaspeoplediscovertheadvantageofonlineshopping.电子商务

八、对比、反义8.Americanbusinessmenexpectemployeestobepunctual.Theydonotexpectthattheworkerswillcomelate.准时，不迟到三、熟词新义，重在理解1.Thoughyearshavenowpassed,Istillwonderwheremy

rainbow

hasgone.Iwonderif,maybewhenIgetolder,Icanfindmy

rainbowandneverhavetobrushitaway.Iguessweallneedsomesortofrainbow

tobrightenourlivesfromtimetotimeandtokeepourhopesanddreamscolorful.Theunderlinedword“rainbow”refersto_____.

A.therainbowintheskyB.thestripesonthepavementC.somethingimaginativeandfunD.importantlessonslearnedinchildhood.2.Ofcourse,thegoodofoxenisnotlimitedtoplowing.Infact,theyareseenas“boatsonland”fortheirabilitytocarryloads.Besides,thewholebodyofanoxisfulloftreasures.Theirmeatandmilkarefoodfullofnutrition,andtheirskincanbeusedtomakeclothesandshoes.Withallthesequalities,oxenareregardedasgenerouscreatures.Thewords“boatsonland”referto_______.A.animalsfortakinggoodsB.creaturesforpullingplowsC.treasuresofthefolkcultureD.toolsinthefarmingeconomy

3.Weekslater,standingbeforethisunfriendlymass,Iwastotallylost.Ohwell,Iloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear,“MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,themanwhostartedtheAmericanRevolution.”Thewholeworldbecamequite!HowcouldIknowthatshemeantthatGeorgeWashington?Theunderlinedword“burning”probablymeans_______.

A.annoyedB.ashamedC.readyD.eager

4.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’stories.Thephrase"holdwater"mostprobablymeans_____.A.tobebelievableB.tobevaluableC.tobeadmirableD.tobesuitable

5.‘‘Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,”saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-pox(猴痘)maybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbug(病毒)maybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful.Monkey-poxdoesn’tlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.Whatdoesthephrase“thewake-upcall’’mostprobablymean?A.anewdiseaseB.aclearwarningC.adangerousanimalD.amorningcall

6.

“Getyourhandsoffme,Ihavebeenstolen,”thelaptop,aportablecomputer,shouted.Thatisanewsolutiontolaptopcomputertheft(偷窃):aprogramthatletsownersgivetheirpropertyavoicewhenithasbeentaken.

Theprogramallowsuserstodisplayalertsonthemissingcomputer’sscreenandeventosetaspokenmessage.Trackingsoftwareforstolenlaptopshasbeenonthemarketforsometime,butthisisthoughttobethefirstthatallowsowners

togivethethiefapieceoftheirmind.Theexpression“togivethethiefapieceoftheirmind”canbeunderstoodas“_______”.A.togivethethiefanalertmindB.toexpresstheowners’angertothethiefC.toremindthethiefofthisconscienceD.tomakethethiefgiveuphismind高中英语词义猜测秘笈定义释义读仔细，词根词缀需牢记。上下左右找玄机，语境因果谨分析。对比反义要推敲，同义同等利用好。熟练掌握灵活妙，多多练习最重要。标点举例不可少，经验常识装头脑。高中英语词义猜测秘笈定义释义读仔细，词根词缀需牢记。上下左右找玄机，语境因果谨分析。对比反义要推敲，同义同等利用好。熟练掌握灵活妙，多多练习最重要。标点举例不可少，经验常识装头脑。

1.Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather’sname.English-speakingpeopleadded–sor–sons.TheJohnsonsaredescendentsofJohn;theRobertsfamily’sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.Perhaps,alloftheMacDonnell’sandtheMcDonnellsandtheO’DonnellsaredescendentsofthesameDonnell.…Theunderlinedword“descendants”meansaperson’s_______?A.latergenerationB.friendsandrelativesC.colleaguesandpartnersD.latersponsor四、综合训练，合作探究

2.Beijing’sskiingcrazeispartlyaresultoftherecentincreaseinprivate(私有的)cars.Thishasledtothegrowthofaleisureindustryinthecapitalsuburbs(郊区)，whichuntilthelate-1990swereunreachabletoordinarypeople.Theunderlinedwords“leisureindustry”referto_______.A.transporttoskiresortsB.productionoffamilycarsC.businessofprovidingsparetimeenjoymentsD.part-timeworkforpeoplelivinginthesuburbs

3.

Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:pizzaforbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight’s

leftovers

inthea.m.ifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskip(不吃)breakfastandtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon’thavetime,othersthinkthey’re“saving”calories(卡路里),stillothersjustdon’tlikebreakfastfood.Theword“leftovers”probablymeans______.A.foodremainingafteramealB.thingsleftundoneC.mealsmadeofvegetablesD.pizzatoppedwithfruit

4.

IhadalwaystraveledtoMalaysiabyplaneorcar,sothiswasthefirsttimeIwasonthetrain.Ididn’tparticularlyrelishthelongtrainjourneyandhadbroughtalongadoze