考研考博-英语-天府新区航空旅游职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天府新区航空旅游职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

Wemustcontinuewiththereformintaxandfeeinruralareastolightentheburdensoffarmersandprotecttheirinterests.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairs.Itadvocatesanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Ifwedonotcrackdownoncorruption,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthePartyandthepeoplewillsufferalotandthePartywillbeindangeroflosingitsrulingposition,orpossiblyheadingforself-destruction.

Nobodyinanysector,publicorprivate,shouldofferbenefitsunlessforagoodreason.

Damsareadramaticexampleofahumanactivitythatdegradesfreshwaterecosystems.

【答案】为了减轻农民的负担和保护他们的利益，我们一定要继续进行农村税费改革。

中国在世界事务中不谋求霸权或主导地位。它主张一个新的国际政治和经济秩序。

如果我们不打击腐败，那么党和人们之间的血肉联系将会深受其害，并且党将会处于失去其执政地位的危险之中或可能走向自我毁灭。

除非有正当的理由，否则任何部门(公共的或私人的)没有人应该提供福利。

水坝是人类活动使淡水生态系统退化的一个引人注目的例子。

2.翻译题

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday'smediaandtechnologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.(1)Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.(2)SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It'snosurprise,ofcourse.(3)Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

(4)Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople~over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumers.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe'dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe'reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

(5)NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.B.White,whoin1938wrote,"Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure."Westilldon'tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

【答案】（1）当你设法弄清消费信息技术将向何处发展以及这对社会意味着什么时，要记住这个重要的核心事实：人们只是想看更多的电视节目。

（2）就像其他每个消费电子产品公司做的那样，索尼公司在最近的消费类电子产品展会上推出大量产品，这些产品是用来把网络视频放到电视上。在同时举行的麦客世界展会上，苹果公司总栽史蒂夫•乔布斯推出具有同样功能的苹果电视。

（3）从那时到现在，基本而明显的事实是处理器的功能不断提高和带宽的不断增大，而预言家们已经自信地预测了这一天。正如他们自信地预言它的含义：传统的电视节目会被替代。

（4）实际情况却正好相反。尽管网络时代有其他多种选择，我们美国人如今看的无聊电视却比以往任何时候都多，这就说明了问题。

（5）关于电视，没有人比著名的《纽约人》杂志评论家E.B.怀特的评价更恰当。他在1938年写道：“我们的好坏将取决于电视,这一点我敢肯定。”

3.单选题

Getashirtonesizelargerthanyouusuallywear,becausethismaterial（

）whenyouwashit.

问题1选项

A.fades

B.decreases

C.retreats

D.shrinks

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。fade意为“变暗，衰退，衰落”；decrease意为“减少，降低”；retreat意为“撤退，后退”；shrink意为“收缩，缩小”。

句意：穿一件比你平时穿的大一点的衬衫，因为这个材料洗过后会缩水。

4.单选题

Thebedhasbeen（

）inthefamily.Itwasmygreat-grandmother’soriginally.

问题1选项

A.handedout

B.handedover

C.handeddown

D.handedround

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析题。handout分发，施舍；handover上交，移交；handdown宣布；流传下来；handround分发，传递。

句意：这张床是我们家流传下来的。它原本是我曾祖母的。选项C更符合语境。

5.单选题

Doyouregretpayingfiftydollarsforthedog?”“No,Iwouldgladlypay（）forhim.”

问题1选项

A.asmuchtwice

B.twicesomuch

C.muchtwice

D.twiceasmuch

【答案】D

【解析】句意:你后悔为这条狗支付50美元不？”。“不，我乐意为了他支付双倍”。

语法题。考查倍数的表达。倍数的固定表达方式:倍数+as+形容词或副词+（as+另一比较对象）,前文己交代另一比较对象的情况下，括号中的部分可省略来避免重复,因此D正确。

6.单选题

BecauseJenkinsneither_______nordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothsidesadmirehisjournalistic_______.

问题1选项

A.criticizes...acumen

B.attacks...neutrality

C.confronts...aptitude

D.dismisses".flair

【答案】B

【解析】criticizes...acumen批评敏锐;attacks...neutrality攻击中立性;confronts...aptitude遭遇能力;dismisses…flair解散资质。句意：由于Jenkins既不攻击也不为管理层或罢工工人辩护,双方都钦佩他的作为新闻工作者的中立。选项B符合句意。

7.单选题

Whytheinductiveandmathematicalsciences,aftertheirfirstrapiddevelopmentattheculminationofGreekcivilization,advancedsoslowlyfortwothousandyears-andwhyinthefollowingtwohundredyearsaknowledgeofnaturalandmathematicalsciencehasaccumulated,whichsovastlyexceedsallthatwaspreviouslyknownthatthesesciencesmaybejustlyregardedastheproductsofourowntimesarequestionswhichhaveinterestedthemodernmphilosophernotlessthantheobjectswithwhichthesesciencesaremoreimmediatelyconversant.Wasittheemploymentofanewmethodofresearch,orintheexerciseofgreatervirtueintheuseoftheoldmethods,thatthissingularmodernmphenomenonhaditsorigin?Wasthelongperiodoneofarresteddevelopment,andisthemodernmeraoneofnormalgrowth?Orshouldweascribethecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents-totheinfluenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingProvidence?

Theexplanationwhichhasbecomecommonplace,thattheancientsemployeddeductionchieflyintheirscientificinquiries,whilethemodernmsemployinduction,provestobetoonarrow,andfailsuponcloseexaminationtopointwithsufficientdistinctnessthecontrastthatisevidentbetweenancientandmodernmscientificdoctrinesandinquiries.Forallknowledgeisfoundedonobservation,andproceedsfromthisbyanalysis,bysynthesisandanalysis,byinductionanddeduction,andifpossiblebyverification,orbynewappealstoobservationundertheguidanceofdeduction-bystepswhichareindeedcorrelativepartsofonemethod;andtheancientsciencesaffordexamplesofeveryoneofthesemethods,orpartsofonemethod,whichhavebeengeneralizedfromtheexamplesofscience.

Afailuretoemployortoemployadequatelyanyoneofthesepartialmethods,animperfectionintheartsandresourcesofobservationandexperiment,carelessnessinobservation,neglectofrelevantfacts,byappealtoexperimentandobservation-thesearethefaultswhichcauseallfailurestoascertaintruth,whetheramongtheancientsorthemodernms;butthisstatementdoesnotexplainwhythemodernmispossessedofagreatervirtue,andbywhatmeansheattainedhissuperiority.Muchlessdoesitexplainthesuddengrowthofscienceinrecenttimes.

Theattempttodiscovertheexplanationofthisphenomenonintheantithesisof“”facts"”and“"theories"”or“’’facts”and“”ideas”n-intheneglectamongtheancientsoftheformer,andtheirtooexclusiveattentiontothelatter-provesalsotobetoonarrow,aswellasopentothechargeofvagueness.Forinthefirstplace,theantithesisisnotcomplete.Factsandtheoriesarenotcoordinatespecies.Theories,iftrue,arefacts-aparticularclassoffactsindeed,generallycomplex,andifalogicalconnectionsubsistsbetweentheirconstituents,haveallthepositiveattributesoftheories.

Nevertheless,thisdistinction,howeverinadequateitmaybetoexplainthesourceoftruemethodinscience,iswellfounded,andconnotesanimportantcharacterintruemethod.Afactisapropositionofsimple.Atheory,ontheotherhand,iftruehasallthecharacteristicsofafact,exceptthatitsverificationispossibleonlybyindirect,remote,anddifficultmeans.Toconverttheoriesintofactsistoaddsimpleverification,andthetheorythusacquiresthefullcharacteristicsofafact.

1.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Thedifferencebetween“fact”and“theory"’.

3.Thestatement“Theoriesarefacts’’maybecalled（

）

4.Accordingtotheauthor,mathematicsis（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,onepossiblereasonforthegrowthofscienceduringthedaysoftheancientGreeksandinmoderntimesis（

）.

问题1选项

A.Philosophyofmathematics

B.TheRecentGrowthinScience

C.TheVerificationofFacts

D.MethodsofScientificInquiry

问题2选项

A.isthatthelatterneedsconfirmation

B.restsonthesimplicityoftheformer

C.isthedifferencebetweenthemodernscientistsandtheancientGreeks

D.helpsustounderstandthedeductivemethod

问题3选项

A.ametaphor

B.aparadox

C.anappraisaloftheinductiveanddeductivemethods

D.apun

问题4选项

A.aninductivescience

B.inneedofsimpleverification

C.adeductivescience

D.basedonfactandtheory

问题5选项

A.thesimilaritybetweenthetwoperiods

B.thatitwasanactofGod

C.thatbothtriedtodeveloptheinductivemethod

D.duetothedeclineofthedeductivemethod

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章通篇都是在讨论科学研究或探索的方法。

2.细节题。第四段指出:Theattempttodiscovertheexplanationofthishenomenonintheantithesisof"facts"and"theories"or"facts"and"ideas"-intheneglectamongtheancientsoftheformer,andtheirtooexclusiveattentiontothelatter-provesalsotobetoonarrow,aswellasopentothechargeofvagueness.Forinthefirstplace,theantithesisisnotcomplete.Factsandtheoriesarenotcoordinatespecies.试图在事实的对立面和理论，或事实和思想中发现上述现象的解释看起来有些太狭隘，也会因模糊不清遭批评。因为，对立面不全面，事实和理论不是同类的事物。第五段指出：Afactisapropositionofsimple.Atheory,ontheotherhand,iftruehasallthecharacteristicsofafact,exceptthatitsverificationispossibleonlybyindirect,remote,anddifficultmeans.Toconverttheoriesintofactsistoaddsimpleverification,andthetheorythusacquiresthefullcharacteristicsofafact.事实是一个提议，通过运用知识的源泉和经验而证实的提议直接而又简单。而理论，若是真理论，就有事实的一切特性（除非其证实只能通过非直接的，遥远的和困难的方式方法），把理论转成事实必须用简单的核实，理论因此具有事实的一切特性。由此得出，选择A:后者(理论)需要证实。

3.推断题。文章指出:事实和理论不是同类的事物。因此“理论即事实”的论断就是悖论。故B项正确。

4.推断题。选项C推理演绎科学正确。

5.细节题。第一段指出：Orshouldweascribethecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents-totheinfluenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingProvidence?或者，我们是否应该把这两个时期的特征都归因于所谓的历史意外事件一一归因于客观环境中相似性结合的影响。这一点除非以指导一切的上帝的智慧和无限权利来解释，否则难以解说清楚。因此B项:是上天的安排为正确选项。

8.单选题

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we（）soformally.

问题1选项

A.needn’tdressup

B.didnotneeddressup

C.didnotneedhavedressedup

D.needn’thavedressedup

【答案】D

【解析】句意：原来是一个小型的家庭聚会，我们本没有必要穿得那么正式。Need的否定形式为needn’t，所以首先排除选项B和C。needn’thavedone表示不需要做某事却做了。所以选项D正确。

9.单选题

Thegoalistousecrops,weedsandevenanimalwaste（）thepetroleumthatfuelsmuchofAmericanmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.intermsof

B.infavorof

C.inspiteof

D.inplaceof

【答案】D

【解析】固定短语搭配。intermsof“按照”；infavorof“有利于”；inspiteof“尽管”；inplaceof“代替”。句意：目标是利用农作物、杂草，甚至动物的排泄物代替石油来为美国制造业提供燃料。选项D符合题意。

10.填空题

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterprisewhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Awhich改为where或forwhich

【解析】【考查点】从句。

【解题思路】itisdifficulttolaydownrules是修饰enterprise的定语从句，enterprise表示地点，所以可以用where引导。结合固定句型Itisdifficultforsb.todosth.，此题为forenterprise，在这里forwhich相当于where。

【句意】家庭是合作式企业，很难制定规则，因为每个家庭都需要找到适合自己的办法来解决属于自己的问题。

11.单选题

Thepoemperfectly（）tothereaderthepoet'slonelinessanddisillusionmentwiththeindustrialsociety.

问题1选项

A.conjures

B.conveys

C.consents

D.converse

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。conjure提出，恳求，用魔法驱赶；convey表达；consent同意，准许；converse交谈，谈话。句意：这首诗完美地向读者传达了诗人对工业社会的孤独和幻灭。只有B项符合句意。

12.单选题

Asmarketersincreasetheircommunicationthroughbothprintandelectronicchannels,theopportunityfor_______isgrowingrapidly.

问题1选项

A.fraud

B.jargon

C.pledge

D.motivation

【答案】A

【解析】fraud欺诈,骗子;jargon行话;pledge保证,许诺,抵押;motivation动机。句意：当营销人员通过印刷和电子渠道加强沟通的时候，也为欺诈行为提供了快速增长的机会。选项A符合句意。

13.单选题

WhenBartleyHubbardwenttointerviewSilasLaphamforthe“SolidMenofBoston”series,whichheundertooktofinishupinTheEvents,afterhereplacedtheoriginatoroftheprojectonthatnewspaper,Laphamreceivedhiminhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment.

“Walkrightin!”hecalledouttothejournalist,whomhecaughtsightofthroughthedoorofthecountingroom.

Hedidnotrisefromthedeskatwhichhewaswriting,buthegaveBartleyhislefthandforwelcome,andherolledhislargeheadinthedirectionofavacantchair.“Sitdown!I’llbewithyouinjusthalfaminute.”

“Takeyourtime,”saidBartley,withtheeaseheinstantlyfelt.“I’minnohurry.”Hetookanote-bookfromhispocket,laiditonhisknee,andbegantosharpenapencil.

“There!”Laphampoundedwithhisgreathairyfistontheenvelopehehadbeenaddressing.“William!”hecalledout,andhehandedthelettertoaboywhocametogetit.Iwantthattogorightaway.Well,sir,”hecontinued,wheelingroundinhisleather-cushionedswivelchair,andfacingBartley,seatedsonearthattheirkneesalmosttouched,“soyouwantmylife,death,andChristiansufferings,doyou,youngman?”

“That’swhatI’mafter,”saidBartley.“Yourmoneyoryourlife.”

“Iguessyouwouldn’twantmylifewithoutthemoney,”saidLapham,asifhewerewillingtoprolongthesemomentsofpreparation.

“Takethemboth,”Bartleysuggested,“Don’twantyourmoneywithoutyourlife,ifyoucometothat.Butyou’rejustonemilliontimesmoreinterestingtothepublicthanifyouhadn’tadollar;andyouknowthataswellasIdo;Mr.Lapham.There’snousebeatingaroundthebush.”

“No,”saidLapham,somewhatabsently.Heputouthishugefootandpushedtheground-glassdoorshutbetweenhislittledenandthebook-keepers,intheirlargerdenoutside.

“InpersonalappearancewroteBartleyinthesketchforwhichhenowstudiedhissubject,whilehewaitedpatientlyforhimtocontinue,“SilasLaphamisafinetypeofthesuccessfulAmerican.Hehasasquare,boldchin,onlypartiallyconcealedbytheshortreddish-greybeard,growingtotheedgesofhisfirmlyclosinglips.Hisnoseisshortandstraight;hisforeheadgood,butbroadratherthanhigh;hiseyesblue,andwithalightinthemthatiskindlyorsharpaccordingtohismood.Heisofmediumheight,andfillsanaveragearm-chairwithasolidbulk,whichonthedayofourinterviewwasunpretentiouslycladinabusinesssuitofblueserge.Hisheaddroopssomewhatfromashortneck,whichdoesnottroubleitselftorisefarfromapairofmassiveshoulders.”

“Idon’tknowasIknowjustwhereyouwantmetobegin,”saidLapham.

“Mightbeginwithyourbirth;that’swheremostofusbegin,”repliedBartley.

AgleamofhumorousappreciationshotintoLapham’sblueeyes.

“Ididn’tknowwhetheryouwantedmetogoquitesofarbackasthat,”hesaid.“Butthere’snodisgraceinhavingbeenborn,andI.wasbornintheStateofVermont,prettywellupundertheCanadaline—sowellup,infactIcameverynearbeinganadoptivecitizen;forIwasboundtobeanAmericanofsomesort,fromthewordGo!Thatwasabout—well,letmesee!—prettynearsixtyyearsago;thisis75,andthatwas20.Well,sayI’mfifty-fiveyearsold;andIhavelived’em,too;notanhourofwastetimeaboutme,anywhere!Iwasbornonafarm,and—”

“Workedinthefieldssummersandwenttoschoolwinters:regulationthing?”Bartleycutin.

“Regulationthing,”saidLapham,acceptingthisirreverentversionofhishistorysomewhatdryly.

“Parentspoor,ofcourse,”suggestedthejournalist.“Anybarefootbusiness?Earlydeprivationofanykind,thatwouldencouragetheyouthfulreadertogoanddolikewise?Orphanmyself,youknow,”saidBartley,withasmileofcynicalgood-comradery.

Laphamlookedathimsilently,andthensaidwithquietself-respect,“Iguessifyouseethesethingsasajoke,mylifewon’tinterestyou.”

“Ohyes,itwill,”returnedBartley,unabashed.“You’llsee;it’llcomeoutallright.”Andinfactitdidso,intheinterviewwhichBartleyprinted.

“Mr.Lapham”hewrote,“passedrapidlyoverthestoryofhisearlylife,itspovertyanditshardships,sweetened,however,bytherecollectionsofadevotedmother,andafatherwho,ifsomewhatherinferiorineducation,wasnolessambitiousfortheadvancementofhischildren.Theywerequiet,unpretentiouspeople,religious,afterthefashionofthattime,andofsterlingmorality,andtheytaughttheirchildrenthesimplevirtuesoftheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanac.”

Bartleycouldnotdenyhimselfthisgibe;buthetrustedtoLapham’sunliteraryhabitofmindforhissecurityinmakingit,andmostotherpeoplewouldconsideritsincerereporter’srhetoric.

1ThenarratorincludesthefactthatLaphammetBartley“inhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment”tosuggestthatLapham______.

2.Lapham’sreactiontoBartley’sarrivalinhisofficecanbestbedescribedas______.

3.BartleyinformsLaphamthatheisanorphanhimselfforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT:______.

4.AccordingtoBartley’ssketchofLapham,Silascreditshisparentswith______.

5.Throughoutthepassage,Bartley’sattitudetowardLaphamcanbestbedescribedasoneof______.

问题1选项

A.managedtosqueezeBarleyintoabusyscheduleofappointments

B.hashiredanofficestafftoattendtothedetailsofthebusiness

C.wishestoenhancehisimageandstatus

D.knowsthatBartleyplanstoaskhimpersonalquestions

问题2选项

A.antagonistic;hetakesaninstantdisliketoBartley

B.casual;hewantstoappearaneasygoingfellowandlaidback

C.cordial;hetreatsBartleylikeawelcomeguest

D.indifferent;hehasmorepressingmatterstoattendto

问题3选项

A.toinsinuatethatLapham’sdeprivationswerenotunique

B.towinLapham’ssympathy

C.toestablishrapportwithLapham

D.tolightenuptheconversation

问题4选项

A.bestowingonhimanhonestandopenpersonality

B.motivatinghimtosucceedinlife

C.exposinghimtotheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanac

D.tougheninghimupforacareerasabusinessman

问题5选项

A.cynicism

B.resentment

C.contempt

D.Ingratitude

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.ThenarratorincludesthefactthatLaphammetBartley“inhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment”tosuggestthatLapham______.1叙述者描述了拉帕姆与巴特利“在他的私人办公室会面”的事实，以此暗示拉帕姆______。

A.managedtosqueezeBarleyintoabusyscheduleofappointmentsA.设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中

B.hashiredanofficestafftoattendtothedetailsofthebusinessB.已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节

C.wishestoenhancehisimageandstatusC.希望提升自己的形象和地位

D.knowsthatBartleyplanstoaskhimpersonalquestionsD.知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段“当巴特利˙哈伯德代替报纸上的项目发起人去采访塞拉斯˙拉帕姆的‘波士顿的好人’系列时，拉帕姆按照事先的约定在他的私人办公室里接待了他”，由此可推断，在私人办公室进行的采访肯定会涉及一些私人问题，并且下文对于他们两个谈话的描述也可以看出，巴特利采访涉及到了拉帕姆从出生开始到以后的事情，所以该题选择D项“知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中”和C项“希望提升自己的形象和地位”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有；

B项“已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节”，文中没有提到办公室职员，只提到一个取信的男孩，该项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.Lapham’sreactiontoBartley’sarrivalinhisofficecanbestbedescribedas______.2.拉帕姆对巴特利来到他办公室的反应可以用______来描述。

A.antagonistic;hetakesaninstantdisliketoBartleyA.敌对的；他一见到巴特利就不喜欢

B.casual;hewantstoappearaneasygoingfellowandlaidbackB.随意的；他想表现得随和

C.cordial;hetreatsBartleylikeawelcomeguestC.热诚的；他把巴特利当作受欢迎的客人

D.indifferent;hehasmorepressingmatterstoattendtoD.漠不关心的；他有更紧急的事情要处理

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第三段的内容“他没有从写字的桌子上站起来，只是向巴特利伸出左手表示欢迎，然后把他的大脑袋转到一张空椅子上。并说：‘坐下来！我半分钟后就来找你’”，从中可以看出，拉帕姆是有其他事情需要处理，对巴特利的态度是比较冷漠的。因此，该题选择D项“漠不关心的；他有更紧急的事情要处理”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“敌对的；他一见到巴特利就不喜欢”和B项“随意的；他想表现得随和”在原文没有体现，属于无中生有；

C项“热诚的；他把巴特利当作受欢迎的客人”由解题思路可知，与原文相反，属于反向干扰。

3.【选项释义】

3.BartleyinformsLaphamthatheisanorphanhimselfforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT:______.3.巴特利告诉拉帕姆，他自己也是一个孤儿，原因如下，除了______。

A.toinsinuatethatLapham’sdeprivationswerenotuniqueA.暗示拉帕姆的贫困不是唯一的

B.towinLapham’ssympathyB.为了赢得拉帕姆的同情

C.toestablishrapportwithLaphamC.与拉帕姆建立融洽关系

D.tolightenuptheconversationD.为了让谈话轻松些

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第十七段“巴特利脸上带着讥讽的友好的微笑（withasmileofcynicalgood-comradery）说：父母当然很穷，这是白手起家吗？任何形式的早期剥夺，会鼓励年轻的读者去做同样的事情吗？我自己也是个孤儿，你知道的。”和第十八段“拉帕姆默默地看着他，然后带着平静的自尊说：我猜如果你把这些事情看成一个笑话，你就不会对我的生活感兴趣了。”理解可知，当巴特利告诉拉帕姆，他自己也是一个孤儿时，谈话并没有轻松下来。因此，该题选择D项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“暗示拉帕姆的贫困不是唯一的”、B项“为了赢得拉帕姆的同情”和C项“与拉帕姆建立融洽关系”从第十七段的内容可以看出来，这三项符合原文，属于反向干扰。

4.【选项释义】

4.AccordingtoBartley’ssketchofLapham,Silascreditshisparentswith______.4.根据巴特利对拉帕姆的简报，塞拉斯认为他的父母______。

A.bestowingonhimanhonestandopenpersonalityA.赋予了他诚实和开放的性格

B.motivatinghimtosucceedinlifeB.激励他在生活中取得成功

C.exposinghimtotheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanacC.让他接触了《旧约》和《穷理查年鉴》

D.tougheninghimupforacareerasabusinessmanD.让他成为一名商人

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至倒数第二段巴特利对拉帕姆的简单描述“拉帕姆先生他很快就忘掉了他早年的生活，那贫穷和艰辛的生活，然而，他回忆起一位慈爱的母亲和一位虽不如她受教育程度高，但对孩子们的进步也同样雄心勃勃的父亲，使他的生活变得更加美好。他们是安静、朴实的人，信仰宗教，符合当时的风尚，具有高尚的道德。他们把《旧约》和《穷理查年鉴》中的简单美德教给孩子们。”可知，塞拉斯˙拉帕姆认为即使早年生活贫困，父母教育程度不高，但是他们仍然会尽力使他的生活变得更加美好，激励他进步。因此，该题选择B项“激励他在生活中取得成功”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“赋予了他诚实和开放的性格”和D项“让他成为一名商人”在原文没有提到，属于无中生有；

C项“让他接触了《旧约》和《穷理查年鉴》”表述比较片面，属于以偏概全。

5.【选项释义】

5.Throughoutthepassage,Bartley’sattitudetowardLaphamcanbestbedescribedasoneof______.5.在整篇文章中，巴特利对拉帕姆的态度可以用______来描述。

A.cynicismA.玩世不恭

B.resentmentB.愤恨

C.contemptC.轻视，蔑视

D.IngratitudeD.忘恩负义

【答案】C

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句“巴特利无法克制自己的这种嘲弄（gibe）”，和第十七段最后一句提到“带着讥讽的（cynical）友好的微笑”，从gibe和cynical这两个词可以看出，巴特利对拉帕姆的态度是轻蔑的。因此，该题选择C项“轻视，蔑视”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“玩世不恭”、B项“愤恨”和D项“忘恩负义”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。

14.单选题

Hewasthekingoffarceandthemostinfluentialneoclassicalplaywright.Hischaracterswereusedto（）realpeople,andhewasinterestedinshowingtherealityofhumanweaknessasmuchaspossible.

问题1选项

A.depict

B.ridicule

C.amuse

D.imitate

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。depict“描述”；ridicule“嘲笑”；amuse“娱乐”；imitate“模仿”。句意：他是喜剧之王，也是最具影响力的新古典主义剧作家。他的剧中人物都用来描述真正的人物，并且他对尽可能展现人性的弱点充满兴趣。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

PartofthemotivationforexploringtheKuiperBeltwastherecognitionofjusthowlittleweknowaboutthiscold,darkregionatthefringeofoursolarsystem.

问题1选项

A.core

B.edge

C.vision

D.formation

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.core（物体的）中心部分B.edge边，边缘

C.vision视力，视野D.formation组成，形成

【答案】B

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】fringe的意思为“（地区或群体的）边缘”，这里指的是对太阳系的边缘了解不多，edge与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】探索柯伊伯带的部分动机是意识到我们对太阳系边缘这片寒冷、黑暗的区域知之甚少。

16.单选题

Foryears,doctorsadvisedtheirpatientsthattheonlythingtakingmultivitaminsdoesisgivethemextensiveurine(尿).Afterall,truevitamindeficienciesarepracticallyunheardofinindustrializedcountries.Nowitseemsthatthosedoctorsmayhavebeenwrong.Theresultsofagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatevenamodestvitaminshortfallcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.Althoughproofofthebenefitsofmultivitaminsisstillfarfromcertain,thefewdollarsyouspendonthemisprobablyagoodinvestment.

Oratleastthat’stheargumentputforwardintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.Ideally,saidDr.WalterWillettandDr.MeirStampferofHarvard,allvitaminsupplementswouldbeevaluatedinscientificallyrigorousclinicaltrials.Butthosestudiescantakealongtimeandoftenraisemorequestionsthantheyanswer.Atsomepoint,whileresearchersworkonfiguringoutwherethetruthlies,itjustmakessensetosaythepotentialbenefitoutweighsthecost.

Thebestevidencetodateconcernsfolate（叶酸）,oneoftheBvitamins.It’sbeenprovedtolimitthenumberofdefectsinembryos（胚胎）,andarecenttrialfoundthatfolateincombinationwithvitaminB12andaformofB6alsodecreasesthere-blockageofarteriesaftersurgicalrepair.

ThenewsonvitaminEhasbeenmoremixed.Healthyfolkswhotake400internationalunitsdailyforatleasttwoyearsappearsomewhatlesslikelytodevelopheartdisease.ButwhendoctorsgivevitaminEtopatientswhoalreadyhaveheartdisease,thevitamindoesn’tseemtohelp.ItmayturnoutthatvitaminEplaysaroleinpreventionbutcannotundoseriousdamage.

DespitevitaminC’sgreatpopularity,consuminglargeamountsofitstillhasnotbeenpositivelylinkedtoanygreatbenefit.ThebodyquicklybecomessaturatedwithCandsimplyexcretes（排泄）anyexcess.

Themultivitaminsquestionboilsdowntothis：Doyouneedtowaituntilalltheevidenceisinbeforeyoutakethem,orareyouwillingtoacceptthatthere’senoughevidencethattheydon’thurtandcouldhelp?

Ifthelatter,there’snoneedtogotoextremesandbuythebiggesthorsepillsorthemostexpensivebottles.Largedosescancausetrouble,includingexcessivebleedingandnervoussystemproblems.

Multivitaminsarenosubstituteforexerciseandabalanceddiet,ofcourse.Aslongasyouunderstandthatanypotentialbenefitismodestandsubjecttofurtherrefinement,takingadailymultivitaminmakesalotofsense.

1.Atonetimedoctorsdiscouragedtakingmultivitaminsbecausetheybelievedthatmultivitamins

2.Accordingtotheauthor,clinicaltrialsofvitaminsupplements（

）

3.IthasbeenfoundthatvitaminE（

）.

4.Itcanbeseenthatlargedosesof