考研考博-英语-厦门工学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门工学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

PeoplesaythatJohnSmithisveryeccentric.

问题1选项

A.neat

B.nervous

C.odd

D.proud

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE考查形容词词义辨析。题目中eccentric为“古怪的（人）；反常的”A选项为“整洁的；干净的”；B选项为“神经的；紧张不安的”；C选项为“古怪的；临时的；奇数的”；D选项为“自豪的；得意的”。由句意可知，人们说约翰斯密斯是个非常古怪的。因此，正确答案是C项。

2.单选题

Anyearthquakethattakesplaceinanyareaiscertainlyregardedasakindofa______event.

问题1选项

A.dramatic

B.proverbial

C.catastrophic

D.chronic

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.dramatic突然的；引人注目的B.proverbial谚语的；谚语表达的

C.catastrophic大灾难的D.chronic慢性的；难以治愈（或根除）的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词earthquake可知，a______event指的是“灾难性事件”，故该题选择C项恰当。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。

【句意】任何地区发生的任何地震都被认为是一种灾难性事件。

3.翻译题

由19世纪的后印象派开始，凡高、赛尚、高更三个人的创作理念和风格是现代艺术的开端。他们之所以在美术史上重要因为他们是开拓者。所以在谈论到现代艺术时我们无法跨过这三个大师。当然，现在的后现代艺术与现代艺术又是不同的，后现代艺术同样是对之前的现代艺术的思考和反叛，也只有在不断的创新与反叛中，艺术的历史才能被延续。

【答案】Startingfromthepost-impressionismofthe19thcentury,thecreativeideasandpersonalstylesofVanGogh,CezanneandGauguinarethebeginningofthemodernart.Thereasonwhytheyareimportantinarthistoryisbecausetheyarepioneers.Sowhenwetalkaboutmodernartwecannotignorethesethreemasters.Ofcourse,nowadaysthepost-modernartisdifferentfrommodernart.Thepost-modernartisareflectiononandarebellionagainstthepreviousmodernart.Onlyintheconstantinnovationandrebellioncanthehistoryofartbecontinued.

4.单选题

Therewasnotrafficvisible,butTangoholduphisrightarmmajestically,asthoughhe______acrowdofroaringtrucks.

问题1选项

A.ishalting

B.hadhalted

C.wouldbehalting

D.werehalting

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。asthough在这里引导了后面的虚拟语气，表示“仿佛”；此处是对过去的虚拟，因此从句用过去时态，又因为语境需要，表示动作正在进行，A、B、C选项时态均不对，只有D项符合。句意：路上看不到车辆，但探戈庄严地举起右臂，好像他在阻止一群呼啸的卡车。故正确答案为D。

5.翻译题

一九七八年，我们党召开具有重大历史意义的十一届三中全会，开启了改革开放历史新时期。从那时以来，中国共产党人和中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，谱写了中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进新的壮丽史诗，中国人民的面貌、社会主义中国的面貌、中国共产党的面貌发生了历史性变化。改革开放是党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，目的就是要解放和发展社会生产力，实现国家现代化，让中国人民富裕起来，振兴伟大的中华民族。

【答案】In1978,ourPartyconvenedthethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCentralCommitteeoftheCPCwithgreathistoricalsignificance,openinganewhistoricalperiodofreformandopeningup.Sincethen,theChineseCommunistsandtheChinesepeople,withtheirindomitablespiritofenterpriseandgreatinnovationandpractice,havewrittenanewepicofperseveranceandfortitudefortheChinesenation.HistoricchangeshavetakenplaceinthefaceoftheChinesepeople,socialistChinaandtheCommunistPartyofChina.ReformandopeningupisagreatnewrevolutionthatthePartyisleadingthepeopletocarryoutinthenewera.Itspurposeistoliberateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,modernizethecountry,enrichtheChinesepeopleandrevitalizethegreatChinesenation.

6.单选题

MostscholarsagreethatIsaacNewton,whileformulatingthelawsofforceandgravityandinventingthecalculusinthelate1600s,probablyknewallthesciencetherewastoknowatthetime.Intheensuing350yearsanestimated50millionresearchpapersandinnumerablebookshavebeenpublishedinthenaturalsciencesandmathematics.ThemodemhighschoolstudentprobablynowpossessesmorescientificknowledgethanNewtondid.Yetsciencetomanypeopleseemstobeanimpenetrablemountainoffacts.

Onewayscientistshavetriedtocopewiththismountainisbybecomingmoreandmorespecialized.Anotherstrategyforcopingwiththemountainofinformationistolargelyignoreit.Thatshouldn’tcomeasasurprise.Sure,youhavetoknowalottobeascientist,butknowingalotisnotwhatmakesascientist.Whatmakesascientistisignorance.Thismaysoundridiculous,butforscientiststhefactsarejustastartingplace.Inscience,everynewdiscoveryraises10newquestions.

Bythiscalculus,ignorancewillalwaysgrowfastertheknowledge.Scientistsandlaypeoplealikewouldagreethatforallwehavecometoknow,thereisfarmorewedon'tknow.Moreimportant,everydaythereisfarmoreweknowwedon'tknow.Onecrucialoutcomeofscientificknowledgeistogeneratenewandbetterwaysofbeingignorant-notthekindofignorancethatisassociatedwithalackofcuriosityoreducationbutratheracultivate,high-qualityignorance.Thisgetstotheessenceofwhatscientistsdo-theymakedistinctionsbetweenqualitiesofignorance.Theydoitingrantproposalsandoverbeersatmeetings.AsJamesClerkMaxwell,probablythegreatestphysicistbetweenNewtonandEinstein,said,"Thoroughlyconsciousignoranceisapreludetoeveryrealadvanceinknowledge.

Thisperspectiveonscience-thatitisaboutthequestionsmorethantheanswers-shouldcomeassomethingofarelief.Itmakessciencelessthreateningandfarmorefriendlyandinfact,fun.Sciencebecomesaseriesofelegantpuzzlesandpuzzleswithinpuzzles-andwhodoesn’tlikepuzzles?Questionsarealsomoreaccessibleandoftenmoreinterestingthananswers;answerstendtobetheendoftheprocess,whereasquestionshaveyouinthethickofthings.

LatelythissideofsciencehastakenabackseatinthepublicmindtowhatIcalltheaccumulationviewofscience-thatitisapileoffactswaytoobigforustoeverhopetoconquer.Butifscientistswouldtalkaboutthequestions,andifthemediareportednotonlyonnewdiscoveriesbutthequestionstheyansweredandthenewpuzzlestheycreated,andifeducatorsstoppedtraffickinginfactsthatarealreadyavailableonWikipedia-thenwemightfindapubliconceagainengagedinthisgreatadventurethathasbeengoingonforthepast15generations.

1.Whichofthefollowingisbestsupportedinthispassage?

2.Whyisitareliefthatscienceisaboutthequestionsmorethantheanswers?

3.Theexpression"takeabackseat"inparagraph5probablymeans（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor’sgreatestconcerninthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Ascientistisamasterofknowledge.

B.Knowledgegeneratesbetterignorance.

C.Ignoranceisasignoflackofeducation.

D.Goodscientistsarethoroughlyignorant.

问题2选项

A.Becausepeoplelikesolvingpuzzles.

B.Becausequestionsmakescienceaccessible.

C.Becausetherearemorequestionsthananswers.

D.Becausequestionspointthewaytodeepanswers.

问题3选项

A.takeabackplace.

B.haveadifferentrole.

C.beofgreaterpriority.

D.becomelessimportant

问题4选项

A.Theinvolvementofthepublicinscience.

B.Scientists'enjoymentofignorance.

C.Theaccumulationofscientificknowledge.

D.Newton’sstandinginthehistoryofscience.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。题目提问‘以下哪一项在这篇文章中得到了最好的支持？’根据第三段中“Onecrucialoutcomeofscientificknowledgeistogeneratenewandbetterwaysofbeingignorant-notthekindofignorancethatisassociatedwithalackofcuriosityoreducationbutratheracultivate,high-qualityignorance.科学知识的一个关键成果是产生新的、更好的无知方式——不是那种与缺乏好奇心或教育相关的无知，而是一种有教养的、高质量的无知。”确定B选项“知识产生更好的无知”正确。

2.推理判断题。题干：为什么科学关注的是问题而不是答案？由题干中的question、answer可定位到文章第四段最后一句“Questionsarealsomoreaccessibleandoftenmoreinterestingthananswers;answerstendtobetheendoftheprocess,whereasquestionshaveyouinthethickofthings”，作者认为，人们更容易了解问题（questionsarealsomoreaccessible）。因此选项B符合题意。

3.推理判断题。题目提问‘第5段中"takeabackseat”是什么意思？’根据文章“LatelythissideofsciencehastakenabackseatinthepublicmindtowhatIcalltheaccumulationviewofscience-thatitisapileoffactswaytoobigforustoeverhopetoconquer.最近，科学的这一面在公众心目中……，我称之为科学的累积观点对我们来说，这一堆事实太多而永远无法企盼征服。”以及根据文章最后一句话中“apubliconceagainengagedinthisgreatadventure一位公众再次参与了这场伟大的冒险”可知此处表示公众对科学的对比态度，D选项“变得不那么重要了”正确。

4.推理判断题。题干：作者在这篇文章中最关心的是什么？全文讲的是科学与大众的关系，文章最后总结道“thenwemightfindapubliconceagainengagedinthisgreatadventurethathasbeengoingonforthepast15generations”，作者关注的是让大众参与到科学中来。因此选项A符合题意。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

7.单选题

FilmCriticMarkAdamslooksbackoverthelasttenyearsofhisworkasafilmcriticforanewspapercalledTheFrontPageWritingarticlesaboutfilmsforTheFrontPagewasmyfirstproperjoB.BeforethenIhaddonebitsofreviewing—novelsforothernewspapers,filmsforamagazineandanythingIwasaskedtodofortheradio.ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.Hehiredme,butTomwasnotprimarilyajournalist,orhewouldcertainlyhavebeenmorecarefulinchoosinghisstaff.

Atfirst,hisideawasthatateamofcriticsshouldtakecareoftheartformsthatdidn'trequirespecializedknowledge:books,TV,theatre,filmandradio.TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover,thoughtherewouldalsobegueststomaketheatmospheresociable.

Itallfeltlikeabitofadreamatthattime:anewnewspaper,andIwasoneoftheteam.Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.Itseemedjustaslikelythatamillionairewantedtohelpmepersonally,andwaspretendingtoemployme.Suchwasmylackofself-confidence.Infact,thefirsttimeIsawsomeonereadingthenewspaperontheLondonunderground,thenturningtoapageonwhichoneofmyreviewsappeared,Ididn'tknowwheretolook.

Tom'soriginalschemeforateamofcriticsfortheartsnevertookoff.Itwasagoodidea,butwedidn'tgettogetherasplannedandsoeverythingwasdonebyphone.Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.

TheLuxuryofthiswayofworkingsuitsmewell.Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.That'saroutinethatwouldmakemestaleinnotimeatall.IwouldsoonbesinkingintomyseatonaMondaymorningwiththesigh,“WhatinsultingrubbishmustIsitthroughnow?”—astyleofsighthatcanoftenbeheardinscreeningroomsaroundtheworld.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutTomSeatonfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Aweeklylunchwasarrangedforcriticsto___.

3.WhenMarkstartedworkingforTheFrontPage,he___.

4.Intheend,theorganizationoftheteamwasinfluencedby___.

5.Marktakesthenewwayofworkingas“luxury”(paragraph5)because___.

问题1选项

A.HeencouragedMarktobecomeawriter

B.Hehadworkedinvariousareasofthemedia

C.HemetMarkwhenworkingfortelevision

D.Hepreferstoemploypeoplethathemeetssomewhere

问题2选项

A.gettoknoweachother

B.exchangeinformation

C.takeworksfornewcriticism

D.entertainoccasionalvisitors

问题3选项

A.doubtedthepaperwouldsucceed

B.wasembarrassedatbeingrecognized

C.feltitneededimprovement

D.wassurprisedtoearnsomuch

问题4选项

A.thereaders'preference

B.theavailabilityofwriters

C.thepressureoftime

D.thepopularityofsubjects

问题5选项

A.itenableshimtoplayhisrole

B.itenableshimtomakeachoice

C.itenableshimtoseetheworld

D.itenableshimtoseealotoffilms

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键字thefirstparagraph可以定位到文章首段“ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.”中文翻译为：我就是这样认识了汤姆•西顿(TomSeaton)的，他是《纽约时报》头版的第一位艺术编辑，同时也为电视撰稿。可以判断只有C项“他在为电视台工作时遇到了马克”正确。

2.细节事实题。由题干关键字Aweeklylunch可以定位到原文第二段“TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover…”中文大意为：每周会有一次午餐，我们会从汤姆决定我们应该报道的艺术材料中做出选择。因此可知C选项“接受新的评论工作”正确，符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由题干可定位到原文第三段“Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.”中文翻译为：一份报纸似乎不太可能被引入一个拥挤的市场。判断A选项“怀疑这份报纸能否成功”正确。

4.推理判断题。由题干可定位到原文第四段“Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.”中文翻译为：结果也证明，公众更喜欢把一个评论家和一个单一的主题领域联系起来，所以我选择了电影。可知选项A“读者的偏好”正确。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文倒数第二段“WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.”中文翻译为：如果没有汤姆最初的推动，我们很

难达成现在的安排，我每周写一篇文章，通常是关于一部电影。以及最后一段“Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.”中文翻译为：我不会对更标准的影评人这个角色感兴趣，这个角色需要考虑每一部上映的电影。判断出B选项“这使他能够做出选择”符合题意。

8.翻译题

A:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

1.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatare（）（均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的）。

2.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,which（）（把美观和功能完美地结合起来）。

3.我们必须培养分析问题和解决问题的能力。

4.认识落后，才能改变落后。学习先进，才有可能赶超先进。

5.一个不怕困难、百折不挠、坚持到底的科学工作者一定会在科研工作中取得光辉的成就。

【答案】1.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatarebalanceddietsareessentialtogoodhealth.

2.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,whichcombinesbeautywithfunctionperfectly.

3.Wemustdeveloptheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveproblems.

4.Onlybyunderstandingbackwardnesscanwechangebackwardness.Learningadvancedmakesitpossibletocatchupwithandsurpasstheadvanced.

5.Ascientificworkerwhoisnotafraidofdifficulties,perseveringinspiteofsetbacksandperseveringtotheendwillsurelyachievebrilliantachievementsinhisscientificresearchwork.

9.单选题

Theworld'soceanshavewarmed50percentfasteroverthelast40yearsthanpreviouslythoughtduetoclimatechange,AustralianandUSclimateresearchersreportedWednesday.Higheroceantemperaturesexpandthevolumeofwater,contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.

Thestudy,publishedintheBritishjournalNature,addstoagrowingscientificchorusofwarningsaboutthepaceandconsequencesofrisingoceans.ItalsoservesasacorrectivetoamassivereportissuedlastyearbytheNobel,winningUNIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),accordingtotheauthors.

Risingsealevelsaredrivenbytwothings:thethermalexpansionofseawater,andadditionalwaterfrommeltingsourcesofice.Bothprocessesarecausedbyglobalwarming.TheicesheetthatsitsatthetopofGreenland,forexample,containsenoughwatertoraiseworldoceanlevelsbysevenmetres(23feet),whichwouldburysea-levelcitiesfromDhakatoShanghai.

Tryingtofigureouthowmucheachofthesefactorscontributestorisingsealevelsiscriticallyimportanttounderstandingclimatechange,andforecastingfuturetemperaturerises,scientistssay.Butuptonow,therehasbeenaperplexinggapbetweentheprojectionsofcomputer-basedclimatemodels,andtheobservationsofscientistsgatheringdatafromtheoceans.

Thenewstudy,ledbyCatiaDominguesoftheCentreforAustralianWeatherandClimateResearch,isthefirsttoreconcilethemodelswithobserveddata.Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-per-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.

1.36.Whathappenswhentheocean'stemperaturerises?

2.37.Theriseinwaterlevelsisespeciallydangerousforsmallislandnationsand（）.

3.38.Thenewstudy（）.

4.39.Ultimately,thenewstudyshouldhelpscientiststo（）.

5.40.Whatwasthemainfindingofthestudy?

问题1选项

A.Itcausessealevelstorise.

B.Itcausessealevelstoremainconstant.

C.Itcausessealevelstodecrease.

D.Itcausessealevelstochange.

问题2选项

A.low-lyingurbanareas

B.allcoastalcities

C.peoplewholiveonthebeach

D.peoplewholivearoundtheglobe

问题3选项

A.showsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.32millimeter-per-yearriseinsealevels

B.didnotrevealanythingthatscientistsdidn'talreadyknow

C.usednewtechniquestoassessoceantemperatures

D.showshowquicklythesealevelsfall

问题4选项

A.lowerwaterlevels

B.findoutwhatiswrongwiththeearth

C.burysea-levelcitieslikeDhakaandShanghai

D.betterpredictclimatechange

问题5选项

A.Notenoughisbeingdoneaboutglobalwarming.

B.Oceanwatershavewarmedfasterthanscientistshadpreviouslythought.

C.Thewarmingoftheworld'soceansisnotathreat.

D.Theriseofsealevelshasnothingtodowithoceantemperature.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词ocean’stemperaturerises可以定位到文章第一段中“Higheroceantemperaturesexpendthevolumeofwater,contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.”中文翻译为“海水温度的升高将会导致海水体积的膨胀，从而导致海平面的上升，最终淹没那些较小的岛国并且对处在全球地势低洼的人口密集的三角洲地区构成威胁”可以得知海水温度升高会使海平面上升。因此A选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题干询问：海平面上升尤其会对小岛国和…构成威胁。定位到第一段中“contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.”译为：导致海平面上升，最终淹没那些较小的岛国并且对处在全球地势低洼的人口密集的三角洲地区构成威胁。因此A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由题干关键词newstudy可以定位到文章最后一段。其中第一句话“Thenewstudy,ledbyCatiaDominguesoftheCentreforAustraliaWeatherandClimateResearch,isthefirsttoreconcilethemodelswithobserveddata.”中文翻译为：由于澳大利亚的天气和气候研究中心的CatiaDomingues主导的这一项新的研究首次将模型与观测数据相协调。可知B选项错误；第二句话“Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-pre-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.”译为：通过使用新技术对海平面2300英尺以下的海水温度进行评估，研究发现从1961年到2003年，气候变暖的热力作用导致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所说的0.32毫米。由此可以选项A，D错误。故答案选C。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第四段中“Tryingtofigureouthowmucheachofthesefactorscontributestorisingsealevelsiscriticallyimportanttounderstandingclimatechange,andforecastingfuturetemperaturerises,scientistssay.”译为：“科学家们表示，明确这些因素导致海平面上升的方式，对于理解气候变化和预测未来气温的升高至关重要”以及最后一段中“Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-pre-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.”译为：通过使用新技术对海平面2300英尺以下的海水温度进行评估，研究发现从1961年到2003年，气候变暖的热力作用导致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所说的0.32毫米。可知这将有助于科学家们后期更好地预测气候变化，因此答案选D。

5.根据题干可定位到文章最后一段中“...itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimeter-per-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC”中文翻译为：研究发现气候变暖的热力作用导致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所说的032毫米。因此选择答案B。

10.单选题

Theglasswareintheboxis（）;ithasgottobehandledwithcare.

问题1选项

A.crunchy

B.fragile

C.brittle

D.crisp

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项crunchy“易碎的，发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”，通常有响声的时候用，例如：Theleavescrunchedundermyfeet.（树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。）B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的，例如：Becarefulwiththatvase–itisveryfragile.（拿那只花瓶要小心——它很容易碎。），He’sfeelingabitfragileafterlastnight'sparty.（他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。）C选项brittle“易碎的，脆弱的，易生气的”，指没有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料，暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎，例如：Asyougetolderyourbonesbecomeincreasinglybrittle.（随着年龄增长，人的骨头变得越来越脆。）D选项crisp“脆的，新鲜的，易碎的”，指食物炸的很酥脆，例如：Bakeuntilthepastryisgoldenandcrisp.（把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。）句意：箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎，需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。

11.单选题

Johnsaidthathedidn’tquite（）andaskedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid.

问题1选项

A.snatchup

B.summonup

C.catchon

D.watchout

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项snatchup“夺取，抓起”，B项summonup“鼓起，唤起”，C项catchon“理解，变得流行”，D项watchout“小心，提防”。根据后面的句意“要我重复我说过的话”可知，空格部分表示“明白，理解”，只有C项符合。句意：约翰说他不太明白，要我重复一遍刚才说的话。因此，该题选择C项正确。

12.单选题

Whydoesacompanywantto（1）itsmoneywithotherpeople?Thereareseveralreasons.First,thecompanymay（2）verywell.Itmayneedmoneyto（3）.Bysellingsharesof

（4）,thecompanycangetthemoneyitneeds.Sometimes,itis（5）forthecompanytogopublicfortaxreasons.Becauseofthetax（6）,thecompanymaysavemoneyontaxesbysellingsharesonthestockexchange.Sometimes,acompanymayowealotofmoney（7）

However,thereasonswhycompaniesselltheirstocksonthestockexchangeareoften（8）.Ingeneral,allcompanies（9）sellsharesofstockonthestockexchangeneedto（10）moneyforonereasonoranother.Investors（11）buysharesofstockinacompanymaymakemoneyintwoways.Theymaybegintomakemoney（12）.Supposethatapersoninvestsinacompany,andthecompanymakesmoney.Thecompanysharesthismoneywiththe（13）.Thismoneythatissharediscalleda（14）.Dividendsareusuallysenttoinvestorsonceeverythreemonthswhilethey（15）thestock.Asecondwaythatinvestorsmay（16）istosellthestockatahigherpricethanthey（17）

ofeachshareofstockgoesupifthecompanydoeswell.Itmayalso（19）formanyotherreasons.Butwhenitdoesgoup,apersonmaysellitandmakea（20）.

问题1选项

A.distract

B.permeate

C.share

D.recede

问题2选项

A.havedone

B.bedoing

C.do

D.havebeendoing

问题3选项

A.perplex

B.dominate

C.integrate

D.expand

问题4选项

A.utilities

B.contributions

C.earnings

D.laws

问题5选项

A.to

B.for

C.on

D.from

问题6选项

A.complex

B.essential

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

问题7选项

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.while

问题8选项

A.locate

B.admit

C.proclaim

D.raise

问题9选项

A.stake

B.stock

C.stalk

D.stack

问题10选项

A.potential

B.advantageous

C.sensitive

D.actual

问题11选项

A.who

B.which

C.until

D.if

问题12选项

A.bymistake

B.todate

C.onearth

D.rightaway

问题13选项

A.observer

B.director

C.investor

D.instructor

问题14选项

A.tuition

B.postage

C.tip

D.dividend

问题15选项

A.offer

B.own

C.convince

D.equip

问题16选项

A.sellmoney

B.sharemoney

C.takemoney

D.makemoney

问题17选项

A.confronted

B.extracted

C.spilled

D.paid

问题18选项

A.price

B.investment

C.cost

D.value

问题19选项

A.tightenup

B.stockup

C.goup

D.stirup

问题20选项

A.profit

B.benefit

C.award

D.input

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:A

第9题:B

第10题:D

第11题:A

第12题:D

第13题:C

第14题:D

第15题:B

第16题:D

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:C

第20题:A

【解析】（1）distract转移,分心,一般与介词from搭配；permeate渗透；share分享,常与介词with搭配；recede退去,减弱。根据原文：为什么一个公司想要和其他人分享它的资金呢?选项C更符合原文。

（2）may是情态动词,后面接be动词或动词原形。根据后面的well可知,本题还考查doingwell的搭配。选项B正确。

（3）perplex使困惑；dominate控制,支配,占优势；integrate一体化；expand扩张。句意：它可能需要资金来扩张。选项D符合。

（4）sharesofstock股票,股份。为固定搭配。

（5）这里为形式主语的结构。句意：有时,由于税收原因,上市对公司是有利的。

（6）句意：根据税法的规定,公司可以通过在证券交易所出售股票来节省税款。Taxlaws指税收的法律。

（7）考查固定搭配。oweto为固定搭配,指“欠...”，这里指公司可能欠银行很多钱。。

（8）根据下文“foronereasonoranother”这样或者那样的原因,说明公司在证券交易所出售股票的原因往往很复杂。选项A符合原文。

（9）句子结构完整,说明不缺成分,that在这里引导的是同位语从句,不充当任何成分,解释说明company。

（10）根据上文“Bysellingsharesofstock,itmaybeabletopaythebanks.”通过出售股票,它也许能够支付欠银行的钱。所以这里应该是筹集资金。选项D正确。

（11）先行词是investors,表人用who来引导从句。

（12）bymistake错误的；todate迄今为止；onearth究竟,到底；rightaway立刻,马上。根据原文：购买公司股票的投资者可以通过两种方式赚钱。他们可能会马上开始赚钱。选项D符合原文。

（13）根据上文,假设一个人投资了一家公司,这家公司赚了钱,公司应该会与这位投资者分享这笔钱,选项C正确。

（14）tuition学费；postage邮费；tip小费；dividend红利,股息。显然选项D更符合原文。句意：这些被分享的钱叫做红利。

（15）own拥有,持有,这里根据投资者指持有的股票进行分红。

（16）根据上文“Investorswhobuysharesofstockinacompanymaymakemoneyintwoways.”购买公司股票的投资者可以通过两种方式赚钱,前面介绍了一种赚钱方式,这里应该是第二种赚钱的方式。选项D符合原文。

（17）根据原文：投资者可能赚钱的第二种方式是以高于买入时的价格卖出股票。选项D符合原文。

（18）根据原文：如果公司业绩好,每股股票的价格就会上涨。选项A符合原文。

（19）根据上下文均出现了goup可知,此处也应为goup,选项C符合原文,指价格上涨。

（20）makeaprofit为固定搭配,指获利,盈利。句意：当价格上涨时,人们可能会卖掉它并从中获利。

13.单选题

Nowadaysmanypeoplebecomeunemployedasaresultofthewideintroductionof（

）inbigindustries

问题1选项

A.estimation

B.automation

C.transformation

D.conformation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如今，一些大型工业广泛采用自动化技术，造成很多人失业。

名词辨析。estimation判断，评价;automation自动化;transformation转变，改革;conformation结构,构造。B符合句意。

14.单选题

Whydoesavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept（）?

问题1选项

A.ingredients

B.elements

C.components

D.compounds

【答案】A

【解析】近义词辨析。ingredients材料，成分；elements基础，原理，元素；components（机器的）组件,部件；compounds（化学类的）合成物。句意：为什么素食餐厅的菜肴除了配料外其他各方面都像肉？选项A符合句意。

15.单选题

Ⅶ.(CivilandCommercialLaw)

Whenlegislators,policyanalysts,andopinionleadersdiscussfamilychangetheyusuallyfocusontwoissues:out-of-wedlockbirthsandfatherlessfamilies.Inmanycasestheydiscussthesetwoissuesasiftheywereidentical.Yetmorethanhalfofallfatherlessfamiliesarecreatedbydivorce,separation,death,orimprisonment,andnearlyhalfofallout-of-wedlockbirthsarenowtocohabitingfathersandmothers.Thesefactssuggestthatweneedtobemorepreciseaboutwhichchangesworryus.Americansworryaboutfamilychangeforatleastthreekindsofreasons,whichwewilllabeleconomic,developmental,andmoral.

Fromaneconomicperspective,themosttroublingfeatureoffamilychangehasbeenthespreadoffamiliesheadedbyasinglemotherwhoisnotlivingwithanotheradultwhohelpssupportherandherchildren.Singlemothersseldomcommandhighwages.Theyalsofinditunusuallydifficulttoworklonghours,sincetheymustalsocarefortheirchildren.Manygetverylittlechildsupportfromtheabsentfather,andevengenerouschildsupportpaymentsprovidelessmoneythanaresidentfatherwiththesameincomewouldnormallyprovide.Whilesinglemothersareeligibleforvariousformsofpublicassistance,neitherlegislatorsnorvotershavewantedtomakesuchassistanceatallgenerous,lestgenerosityencouragestillmorewomentoraisechildrenontheirown.Thespreadofsingle-motherfamilieshasthereforeplayedamajorroleinthepersistenceofpovertyintheUnitedStates.In1964,whenLyndonJohnsondeclaredawaronpoverty,only30percentofpoorfamilieswithchildrenwereheadedbysinglemothers.Sincethelate1970sthefigurehasbeenabout60percent.

NotallchildrenfromdisruptedfamilieslivewithwhattheEnglishcallalonemother,butotherlivingarrangementsarelesslikelytoleavechildreninpoverty.Motherswhodivorceandremarrytendtobeaboutaswelloffeconomicallyasmotherswhoremainmarriedtotheirchildren’sbiologicalfather.Unmarriedmotherswhocohabitwithaboyfriendalsotendtohavesignificantlyhigherhouseholdincomesthanthosewholiveontheirown,althoughitisnotclearhowmuchofthetypicalboyfriend’sincomeisavailabletosupportthemother’schildren.Andwhenunmarriedmotherslivewiththeirparentsorotherrelatives,theytoofacefewereconomicproblemsthanwhentheylivealone.Ifwearemainlyconcernedwithreducingchildpoverty,allthesealternativesreduceitsincidence.

DavidT.EllwoodandChristophe