交通建设英语词汇大全

1、公路 highway道路 road公路工程 highway engineering公路网 highway network公路网密度 highway density公路等级 highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地 highway right-of-way高速公路 freeway等级公路 classified highway辅道 relief road干线公路 arterial highway支线公路 feeder highway专用公路 accommodate highway国家干线公路国道 national tru

2、nk highway.省级干线公路省道 provincial trunk highway县公路县道 county road乡公路乡道 township road辐射式公路 radial highway环形公路 ring highway绕行公路 bypass交通结构 traffic structure交通组成 traffic composition混合交通 mixed traffic交通流 traffic flow交通流理论 traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度 traffic density车头间距 Space headway车头时距 time hea

3、dway车间净距 vehicular gap延误 delay地点速度 spot speed行驶速度 running speed运行速度 operating speed临界速度 critical speed平均速度 average speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量 annual average daily月平均日交通量 monthly average daily traffic年第30 位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量 maximum annua

4、l hourly volume设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力 traffic capacity根本通行能力 basic traffic capacity可能通行能力 possible traffic capacity设计通行能力 design traffic capacity道路效劳水平 level of service公路交通规划 traffic planning交通调查 traffic survey交通量调查 traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observation station起迄点调查OD 调查 ori

5、gin-destination study出行 trip境内交通 local traffic过境交通 through traffic交通发生 traffic generation交通分布 traffic distribution交通分配 traffic assignment交通预测 traffic prognosis行车道 carriageway别离式行车道 Divided carriageway车道 lane变速车道 speed-change lane加速车道 acceleration lane减速车道 deceleration lane爬坡车道 climbing lane停车道 parki

6、ng lane错车道 turn-out lane自行车道 cycle path路侧人行道 sidewalk分隔带 lane separator中央分隔带 median divider中间带 central strip路肩 shoulder；verge路缘带 marginal strip路缘石 kerb；curb侧向余宽 lateral clearance路拱 camber；crown路拱横坡 crown slope公路建筑限界 clearance of highway公路路线 highway route公路线形 highway alignment平面线形 horizontal alignmen

7、t纵面线形 vertical alignment线形要素 alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径 limited minimum radius of horizontal curv复曲线 compound curve反向曲线 reverse curve断背曲线 broken-back curve回头曲线 switch-back curve缓和曲线 transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽 curve widening加宽缓和段 transition zone of curve超高 superelevatio

8、n超高缓和段 superelevation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡 maximum longitudinal gradient最小纵坡 minimum longitudinal gradient变坡点 grade change point平均纵坡 average gradient坡长限制 grade length limitation高原纵坡折减 highland grade compensation缓和坡段 transition grading zone合成坡度 resultant gradient视距sight distance停车视距 non-

9、passing sight distance，stopping sight distance超车视距 passing sight distance道路交叉 road intersection道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉 at-grade intersection；grade crossing正交叉 right-angle intersection斜交叉 skew intersection环形交叉 rotary intersection十字形交叉十intersectionT 形交叉 T intersection错位交叉 offset intersection；sta

10、ggered junctionY 形交叉 Y intersection立体交叉 grade separation别离式立体交叉 simple grade separation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉 Interchange目蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange局部目蓿叶形立体交叉 cloverleaf interchange菱形立体交叉 diamond interchange定向式立体交叉 directional interchange喇叭形立体交叉 three-Leg interchange环形立体交叉 rotary in

11、terchange匝道 ramp交叉口 road crossing；intersection交叉口进口 intersection entrance交叉口出口 intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口 intersection with widened corners拓宽路口式交叉口 flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection渠化交通channelization交织 weaving交织路段 weaving section合流 converging分流 diverging冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic i

12、sland导流岛 channelization island中心岛central island平安岛 refuge island沿线设施 roadside facilities交通平安设施 traffic safety device人行横道 crosswalk人行地道pedestrian underpass人行天桥 pedestrian overcrossing护栏 guard fence防护栅 guard fence，safety barrier遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急 emergency telephone反光标志 reflective sign反光路钮 refl

13、ective button弯道反光镜 traffic mirror道路交通标志 road traffic sign警告标志 warning sign禁令标志 regulatory sign指示标志 guide sign指路标志 information sign辅助标志 auxiliary sign可变信息标志 changeable message sign路面标线 pavement marking防雪设施 snow protection facilities防沙设施 sands protection facilities隔音墙 acoustic barrier停车场 parking area踏

14、勘 reconnaissance可行性研究 feasibility study线形设计 highway alignment design公路景观设计 highway landscape design选线 route selection路线控制点 control point定线 location比拟线 alternative line展线 line development初测 preliminary survey定测 location survey地貌 topographic feature地物 culture地形 topography台地 terrace垭口 pass；saddle back平

15、原区 plain terrain微丘区 rolling terrain重丘区 hilly terrain山岭区 mountainous terrain沿溪线 valley line山脊线 ridge line山坡线 hill-sideline越岭线 ridge crossing line土方调配 cut-fill transition土方调配图 cut-fill transition program土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线 traverse导线测量 traverse survey中线 center line中线测量 center line su

16、rvey施工测量 construction survey竣工测量 final survey(路线)平面图 plan交点 intersection point虚交点 imaginary intersection point转点 turning point；转角 intersection angle方位角 azimuth angle象限角 bearing方向角 direction angle切线长 tangent length曲线长 curve length外(矢)距 external secant测站 instrument station测点 observation point中桩 center

17、 stake加桩 additional stake护桩 reference stake断链 broken chainage水准测量 leveling survey水准点 benchmark绝对基面 absolute datum高程 elevation地面高程 ground elevation设计高程 designed elevation(路线)纵断面图 profile中桩填挖高度 cut and fill at center stake地形测量 topographic survey基线 baseline地形图 topographic map等高线 contour line横断面测量 cross

18、-sectional survey横断面图 cross-section坑探 pit test钻探 boring摄影测量 photogrammetry航空摄影测量 aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量 ground stereo photogrammetry地面控制点测量 ground control-point survey航摄基线 aerophoto base影像地图 photographic map像片索引图(镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读 aerophoto interpretation综合法测图 planimatric photo全能法测图 un

19、iversal photo微分法测图 differential photo像片镶嵌图 photo mosaic路基 subgrade路堤 embankment路堑 cutting半填半挖式路基 part cut-partfill subgrade台口式路基 benched subgrade路基宽度 width of subgrade路基设计高程 design elevation of subgrade(路基)最小填土高度 minimum height of fill边坡 side slope边坡坡度 grade of side slope(边)坡顶 top of slope(边)坡脚 toe

20、of slope护坡道 berm边坡平台 plain stage of slope碎落台 berm at the foot of cutting slope护坡 slope protection挡土墙 retaining wall重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙 cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙 counterfort retaining wall柱板式挡土墙 column-plate tetaining wall锚杆式挡土墙 anchored retai

21、ning wall by tie rods锚碇板式挡土墙 anchored bulkhead tetaining wall石笼 rock filled gabion抛石 riprap路基排水 subgrade drainage边沟 side ditch截水沟 intercepting ditch排水沟 drainage ditch急流槽 chute跌水 drop water蒸发池 evaporation pond盲沟 blind drain渗水井 seepage well透水路堤 permeable embankment过水路面 ford填方 fill挖方 cut借土borrow earth弃

22、土 waste取土坑 borrow pit弃土堆 waste bank回填土 back-filling黄土 loess软土 soft soil淤泥 mud泥沼 moor泥炭 peat盐渍土 salty soil膨胀土 expansive soil冻土frozen soil多年冻土 permafrost流砂 quicksand软弱地基 soft ground强夺法 dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道 loading berm砂井 sand drain路基砂垫层 sand mat of subgrade压实 compaction压实度 deg

23、ree of compaction标准最大干容重 maximum dry unit weight相对密实度 relative density毛细水 capi11ary water土石方爆破 blasting procedure抛掷爆破 blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗 blasting crater松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈 acting circ les of blasting路面 pavement弹性层状体系理论 elastic multilayer theory回弹弯沉 deflection加州承载比 CBR C

24、alifornia bearing ratio, CBR)路面宽度 width of pavement路槽 road trough刚性路面 rigid pavement柔性路面 flexible pavement路面结构层 pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层 wearing course联结层 binder course基层 base course垫层 bed course隔水层 aquitard隔温层 thermal insulating course封层 sea1 coat透层 prime coat保护层 protection cours

25、e补强层 streng thening layer高级路面 high type pavement次高级路面 sub-high type pavement中级路面 intermediate type pavement低级路面 low type pavement水泥混凝土路面 cement concrete pavement沥青路面 bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面 bituminous concrete pavement沥青碎石路面 bituminous macadam pavement沥青贯入碎砾石路面 bituminous penetration pavement沥青外表

26、处治 bituminous surface treatment块料路面 block pavement石块路面 stone block pavement泥结碎石路面 clay-bound macadam pavement水结碎石路面 water-bound macadam pavement级配路面 graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层 stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层 industrial waste base course块石基层 Telford base层铺法 spreading in layers拌和法 mixing method厂

27、拌法 plant mixing method路拌法 road mixing method热拌泼 hot mixing method冷拌法 cold mixing method热铺法 hot laid method冷铺法 cold laid method贯入法 penetration method铺砌法 pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝 expansion joint真缝 true joint假缝 dummy joint横缝transverse Jo1nt纵缝 longitudinal joint施工缝 construction joint传力杆 dowe

28、l bar拉杆 tie bar路面平整度 surface evenness路面粗糙度 surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement附着力 adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon桥梁 bridge公路桥 highway bridge公铁两用桥 highway and rail transit bridge人行桥 pedestrian bridge跨线桥 overpass bridge高架桥 viaduct永久性桥 permanent bridge半永久性桥 semi-permanent

29、bridge临时性桥 temporary bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge钢桥 steel bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge木桥 timber bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge弯桥 curved bridge坡桥 bridge on slope斜桥 skew bridge正桥 right bridge上承式桥 deck bridge中承式桥 half-through bridge下承式桥 through bridge梁桥

30、beam bridge简支梁桥 simple supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥 composite beam bridge板桥 slab bridge拱桥 arch bridge双曲拱桥 two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥 open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥 filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥 bowstring arch bridge桁架桥 truss bridge刚构桥 rigid fra

31、me bridgeT 形刚构桥 T-shaped rigid frame bridge连续刚构桥 continuous rigid frame bridge斜腿刚构桥 rigid frame bridge with inclined 1egs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥 suspension bridge漫水桥 submersible bridge浮桥 pontoon bridge开启桥 movable bridge装配式桥 fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥 fabricated steel bridge涵洞 culvert管涵 pipe culv

32、ert拱涵 arch culvert箱涵 box culvert盖板涵 slab culvert无压力式涵洞 non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞 pressure culvert半压力式涵洞 partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵 siphon culvert上部结构 superstructure主梁 main beam横梁 floor beam纵梁 longitudinal beam，stringer挂梁 suspended beam拱圈 arch，ring拱上结构 spandrel structure腹拱 spandrel arch拱上侧墙 spandre

33、l wall桥面系 floor system，bridge decking桥面铺装 bridge deck pavement伸缩缝 expansion and contraction joint桥面伸缩装置 bridge floor expansion andcontraction installation平安带 safety belt桥头搭板 transition slab at bridge head下部结构 substructure桥墩 pier墩身 pier body墩帽 coping盖梁 bent cap破冰体 ice apron重力式桥墩 gravity pier实体桥墩 soli

34、d pier空心桥墩 hollow pier柱式桥墩 column pier排架桩墩 pile bent pier柔性墩 flexible pier制动墩 braking pier单向推力墩 single direction thrusted pier桥台 abutment台身 abutment body前墙 front wall翼墙 wing walls台帽 coping锥坡 conical slope耳墙 wing wallsU 形桥台 U-shaped abutment八字形桥台 flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台 head wall abutment，strai

35、ght abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment埋置式桥台 buried abutment扶壁式桥台 counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台 anchored bulkhead abutment支撑式桥台 supported type abutment地基 subsoil加固地基 consolidated subsoil天然地基 natural subsoil根底 foundation扩大根底 spread foundation沉井根底 open caisson foundation管柱根底 cylindrical shaft foundation桩根底

36、pile foundation桩 pile预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩 cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦桩 friction pile支承桩 bearing pile承台 bearing platform支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expansion bearing索塔 cable bent tower索鞍 cable saddle调治构造物 regulating structure丁坝 spur dike顺坝 longitudinal dam桥位 bridge site桥梁全长 total length of br

37、idge主桥 main bridge引桥 approach span跨径 span桥涵计算跨径 computed span桥涵净跨径 clear span矢跨比 rise span ratio计算矢高 calculated rise of arch桥下净空 clearance of span桥面净空 clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度 construction height of bridge荷载 load永久荷载 permanent load可变荷载 variable load偶然荷载 accidental load荷载组合 loading combinat

38、ions车辆荷载标准 loading standard for design vehicle设计荷载 design load施工荷载 construction load梁 beam简支梁 simple-supported beam连续梁 continuous beam悬臂梁 cantilever beam板 slab拱 arch桁架 truss刚构 rigid frame柱 column强度 strength刚度 stiffness，rigidity抗裂度 crack resistance稳定性 stability位移 displacement变形 deformation挠度 deflecti

39、on预拱度 camber流域 catchment basin集水面积 runoff area径流 runoff水文测验 hydrological survey河床 river bed河槽 river channel主槽 main channel边滩 side shoal河滩 rlood land河床宽度 bed width河槽宽度 channel width过水断面 discharge section水位 water level最高(或最低)水位maximum(minimum)water level通航水位 navigable water level设计水位 design water leve

40、r水面比降 water surface slope河床比降 gradient of river bed湿周 weffed perimeter糙率 coefficient of roughuess水力半径 hydraulic radius水文计算 hydrological computation设计流量 designed discharge设计流速 designed flow velocity行近流速 approach velocity洪水调查 flood survey洪水频率 flood frequency设计洪水频率 designed flood frequency潮汐河流 tidal ri

41、ver悬移质 suspended load推移质 bed material load水力计算 hydraulic computation水头 water head冲刷 scour桥下一般冲刷 general scour under bridge桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷 natural scour冲刷系数 coefficient of scouring淤积 silting壅水 back water流冰 ice drift先张法 pretensioning method后张法 post-tensioning method缆索吊装法 erection

42、 with cableway悬臂拼装法 erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法 cast-in-place cantilever method移动支架逐跨施工法 span by span method纵向拖拉法 erection by longitudinal pulling method顶推法 incremental launching method转体架桥法 construction by swing浮运架桥法 erecting by floating顶入法 jack-in method围堰 cofferdam护筒 pile casing隧道 tunnel洞门 tunnel

43、 portal衬砌 tunnel lining明洞 open cut tunnel围岩 surrounding rork隧道建筑限界 structural approach limit of tunnels明挖法 open cut method矿山法 mine tunnelling method盾构法 shield tunnelling method沉埋法(沉管法) immersed tunnel导坑 heading隧道支撑 tunnel support构件支撑 element support喷锚支护 lock bolt support with shotcrete隧道通风 tunnel ve

44、ntilation隧道照明 tunnel lighting养护 maintenance定期养护 periodical maintenance巡回养护 patrol maintenance大中修周期 maintenance period小修保养 routine maintenance中修 intermediate maintenance大修 heavy maintenance改善工程 road inprovement抢修 emergency repair of road加固 strengthening of structure回砂 sand sweeping罩面 overlay of pavem

45、ent路面翻修 pavement recapping路向补强 pavement strengthening车辙 rutting路面搓板 surface corrugation路面网裂 net-shaped cracking路面龟裂 alligator cracking路面碎裂 pavement spalling反射裂缝 reflection crack路面坑槽 pot holes路面冻胀 surface frost heave路面沉陷 pavement depression路面滑溜 surface slipperiness露骨 surface angularity啃边 edge failure

46、泛油 bleeding拥包 upheaval拱胀 blow up错台 faulting of slab ends错位 slab staggering滑坡 slide坍方 land slide崩塌 collapse碎落 debris avalanche沉降 settlement沉陷 subsidence泥石流 mud avalanche(振动)液化 liquefaction翻浆 frost boiling岩溶 karst沙害 sand hazard雪害 snow hazard水毁 washout好路率 rate of good roads养护质量综合值 general rating of mai

47、ntenance quality路容 road appearance路况 road condition路况调查 road condition survey路政管理 rlad administration民工建勤 civilian labourers working on public project养路费 toll of road maintenance养路道班 maintenance gang粒料 granular material集料(骨料) aggregate矿料 mineral aggregate矿粉 mineral powder砂 sand砾石 gravel砂砾 sand grave

48、l卵石 cobble stone碎石 broken stone，crushed stone片石 rubble块石 block stone料石 dressed stone石屑 chip工业废渣 industrial solid waste结合料 binder有机结合料 organic binding agent沥青 bitumen地沥青 asphalt天然沥青 natural asphalt石油沥青 petroleum asphalt煤沥青 coal tar乳化沥青 emulsified bitumen氧化沥青 oxidized asphalt路用沥青 road bitumen无机结合料 ino

49、rganic binding agent粉煤灰 fly ash混合料 mixture沥青混合料 bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料 bituminous concrete mixture沥青碎石混合料 bituminous macadam mixture沥青砂 asphalt sand沥青膏 asphalt mastic水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料 cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土 cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋)混凝土 prestres

50、sed concrete早强混凝土 early strength concrete干硬性混凝土 dry concrete贫混凝土 lean concrete轻质混凝土 light-weight concrete纤维混凝土 fibrous concrete外掺剂 admixture减水剂 water reducing agent加气剂 air entraining agent早强剂 early strength agent缓凝剂 retarder钢筋 steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝 high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded s

51、teel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓 high strength bolt空隙率 porosity孔隙比 void ratio粒径 grain size颗粒组成 grain composition细度 fineness筛分 sieve analysis级配 gradation级配曲线 grading curve最正确级配 optimum gradation含水量 water content最正确含水量 optimum water content稠度界限 consistency limit液限 liq

52、uid limit塑限 plastic limit缩限 shrinkage limit塑性指数 plasticity index水泥标号 cement mark水泥混凝土标号 cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比 proportioning of cement concrete水灰比 water cement ratio和易性 workability坍落度 slump硬化 hardening水硬性 hydraulicity气硬性 air hardening离析 segregation徐变 creep老化 ageing(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen

53、)针入度 penetration粘(滞)度 viscosity软化点 softening point延度 ductility闪点 flash point溶解度 dissolubility热稳性 hot stability水稳性 water stability油石化 asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率 bitumen content压碎率 rate of crushing磨耗度 abrasiveness弹性模量 modulus of elasticity回弹模量 modulus of resilience劲度(模量) stiffness modulus模量比 modulus r

54、atio泊松比 Poisson's ratio疲劳试验 fatigue test劈裂试验 splitting test三轴试验 triaxial test击实试验 compaction test触探试验 cone penetration test弯沉试验 deflection test环道试验 circular track test承载板试验 loading plate test透水性试验 perviousness test车辙试验 wheel tracking test马歇尔试验 Marshall stability test压实度试验 compactness test铺砂法 sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验 earth-dry mortar strength-test软练胶砂强度试验 plastic mortar strength-test(水泥)安定性试验 soundness test(of cement)击实仪 compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪 penetration test equipment承载板 loading plate杠杆弯沉仪 beam lever deflectome