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考研《英语一》石嘴山市平罗县2023年考前冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thismorning,Isetoffverylateinmycartooffice,Iwasina1toreachmyofficeasmyclientswerewaitingformethere.Unfortunately,Igot2inatrafficjam.Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline,anddriverswere3blowinghornstogetridoftheir4.Igotdownfrommycarandmovedforwardinsearchofthe5ofthetrafficjam.Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight6.Everyonetherewasjust7themanwithoutcomingtooffer8tohim.Meanwhile,theywere9themanforthetrafficjam.Thenumberofvehicleswasgraduallyincreasing.Themanlooked10aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic11Nobodywasinthemoodof12themanforhiserror.Seeingthis,I13rushedtohelptheman,followedbyotherdrivers.We14topushthecar.Verysoonitstartedwithaloudsound.Themansmiledin15themomenthiscarworkedagain.Thenhethankedusand16toeveryonethereandmovedoff.AfterthatIwentintodeepthinkingoverthehuman17inthetimesofcrisis.Everyhumanonthisearthunavoidablymakeserrors.Whenotherpeopledothatweblame,butwhenweareinthesamecondition,wedesiretogain18.Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto19themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.Forgivingisa20choice,asitnotonlyavoidsconflictsfurther,butalsospreadsuniversallove.1、A.fashionB.hurryC.messD.way2、A.injuredB.stuckC.lostD.removed.3、A.properlyB.awkwardlyC.consideratelyD.constantly4、A.worryB.concernC.angerD.sadness5、A.causeB.evidenceC.influenceD.effect6、A.setoffB.turnoffC.breakdownD.pullup7、A.watchingB.directingC.comfortingD.checking8、A.admissionB.opportunitiesC.trustD.assistance9、A.observingB.blamingC.inspectingD.punishing10、A.frustratedB.impatientC.frightenedD.embarrassed11、A.progressB.focusC.practiceD.inconvenience12、A.forgivingB.criticizingC.annoyingD.encouraging13、A.eventuallyB.steadilyC.purposelyD.immediately14、A.pretendedB.cooperatedC.hesitatedD.promised15、A.vainB.secretC.reliefD.privacy16、A.apologizedB.shoutedC.explainedD.complained17、A.intelligenceB.relationshipC.attitudeD.practice18、A.satisfactionB.sympathyC.benefitD.trust19、A.neglectB.estimateC.simplifyD.overcome20、A.wiseB.similarC.painfulD.commonSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Howmanytimeshaveyoucomebackandfeltterriblytired,feelinglikeyourheadisgoingtoexplode?Soundsfamiliar,right?Well,thereareseveralwaystoreducethefrequencyofheadaches,andthoseare:eatingbalanceddietthroughtheday,makingsureyourbodyiswellhydrated(保持身体水分);gettingsomeexercisetoremovethenegativeenergy,likehelpingyourselfwithashortmassage(按摩)onyourhead.However,preparinganeasyrecipewillinstantlyputasmileonyourfaceafteryourworkday.Youwillneedthesesimpleingredients(配料)topreparethemagicaldrinkwhichwillstopyourheadache:Lemonjuice;2teaspoonsofsalt(preferablyhighqualitysalt);1cupofwater.Directions:Squeeze2lemons.Pourthelemonjuiceintoacupandadd2teaspoonsofsalt.Mixthetwoingredients.Addacupofwatertothecontent.Drinkthemixturequikly.Howwillthisdrinkworkandwhatarethebenefitsofitsingredients?Salt:Hereiswhatsaltdoesforyourbody:--regulatesyourbloodsugar.--balancesthesugarlevels;--benefitsnervecellsforcommunicationandinformationprocessing;—obtainsacidityfromyourbody’scells,especiallybraincells;—worksasastronganti-stresselementforthebody;—addsenergyinyourbody'scells.LemonJuice:Thisexcellentjuice,fullofvitaminCandanti-poisons,willreleaseallpoisonoussubstancesfromyourbodyandgiveyouasenseoflightness.Here’showthelemonwillhelpyoueaseyourheadacheandmaintainwell-beingtoyourwholebody:—balancesthepHlevelsinyourbody;—protectsyourimmunesystem;—nourishesyourbrainandnervecells;—reducesinflammation(炎症)inyourwholebody(theheadacheisatypeofinflammation,sothelemonjuicefightsagainstit).Water:Waterisimportantforhydratingyourwholebody,includingyourhead.Manyofyourdailyheadachesmaybecausedbydehydratation(脱水),sokeepinmindthatyoushoulddrinkplentyofwaterthroughouttheday.1、Howmanywaysarcmentionedinthetexttohelprelieveheadaches?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.2、Whatdolemonjuiceandsalthaveincommoninfightingagainstheadaches?A.Bothcanbenefitournervecellsalot.B.Bothcankeepoursugarlevelsbalanced.C.Bothhavenoeffectonourimmunesystem.D.BothbalancethepHlevelsinourbody.3、Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetextis.A.toexplaintousdifferentreasonsforheadacheproblemsB.togivereadersadviceonhowtoavoidheadacheproblemsC.towarnreadersofthebadinfluenceofheadacheproblemsD.toofferananti-headacherecipeandthebenefitsofitsingredientsText2Americancollegestudentsarebecomingmoreadventuresomeastheystudyabroad,showinglessinterestsinEnglish-speakingdestinationssuchasGreatBritainandAustraliaandmoreinsuchcountriesasChina,India,ArgentinaandBrazil.Britainremainedthemostpopularstudydestinationin2005,accordingtoannualfiguresfromtheInstituteofInternationalEducation,followedbyItaly,SpainandFrance.ButthenumberofAmericanstudentsstudyinginBritainandAustraliadescendedalittle,evenasthenumberofAmericanstudentsabroadroseby8%.Thegrowthcameinnon-EnglishspeakingEuropeancountriesandinAsia.ChinaisnowtheeighthmostpopulardestinationforAmericanstudents,attractingnearly6,400in2005,up35%fromthenumberoftheyearbefore.ArgentinaandIndiasawincreasesofmorethan50%.AllanGoodman,presidentoftheInstituteofInternationalEducation,saidthatarangeoffactorscontributedtothetrend,fromgrowingawarenessofglobalizationaftertheterroristattacksonSeptember11,2001,toprogramssuchasformerPresidentBush’sNationalSecurityLanguageInitiative,whichtrainssoldiers,intelligenceofficersanddiplomatsinforeignlanguages.“WhatAmericansaredoingiswakingupanddiscoveringthere’saworldoutthere,”hesaid.Otherfiguresshowedtheflowofstudentsintheoppositedirection,fromforeigncountriesintoAmericanuniversities.Theinstitutefoundthatinternationalenrollment(入学)inAmericanhighereducationremainedsteadyatabout565,000.Thefiguresareofkeeninteresttouniversities,whichdependonforeignstudentsforteachingandresearchhelp,andtopolicy-makers,whoconsideritimportant,asfutureforeignleadersmaybefamiliarwiththeUnitedStates.Theyearof2005sawbigincreasesinstudentsfromSouthKorea,MexicoandTaiwanofChina.IndiasendsthemoststudentsandChinaisNo.2.OthercountriesthatshowlargepercentageincreasesinthenumberofstudentssenttotheUSincludeNepalandVietnam,whileJapan,TurkeyandMalaysiasawdeclines.About58%ofinternationalstudentsintheUScomefromAsia.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“descended”inParagraph2means?A.Changed.B.Declined.C.Multiplied.D.Increased.2、WhydomoreAmericanstudentsstudyinAsia?A.Theyexpecttogetmoreteachingandresearchhelp.B.TheyloseconfidenceinEnglish-speakingcountries.C.Theyareafraidthatterroristattackswillhappenagain.D.Theyprefertoexploreadifferentworldfromtheirown.3、WhereweremostforeignstudentsinAmericafromin2005?A.China.B.India.C.Argentina.D.Britain.4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Therewere6,400AmericanstudentsstudyinginChinain2005.B.ChinesestudentstoAmericawilloverpassIndiansinthefuture.C.InternationalenrollmentinAmericanhighereducationchangedalot.D.AsianstudentsaccountforalargepartofforeignstudentsinAmerica.Text3Whales,sealsandwalrusesstaywarmincoldwaterbecausetheyhaveathicklayerofblubber.Wehumansrelyonsomethinglikeblubber—neoprenerubberwetsuits—tospendtimeincoldwater.Butthethickversionsforreallyicywaterareheavyandclumsy.Soratherthantakingafterbigmarinemammals,whatifwecouldlearnfromthelittlerones,likebeaversandotters?“Theseanimalsarequitesmallandtheycan’tcarryaroundathicklayerofblubber.Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair,andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”AliceNastoisagraduatestudentinmechanicalengineeringatMIT.Scientistshaveknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismforalongtime,buttheyhadnotteasedoutthedetailsofhowitworks.SoNastoandhercolleaguestookonthechallenge.“We’recreatingthesefurrysamplesfromtheserubberymaterialsbylasercuttingmoldsandcastingthesehairysurfaces.Andthroughourapproachwecanpreciselycontrolthespacingofthehairsandthelengthofthehairs.”Theresearchersthencreatedasystemtogatherdatawhentheirpelts(毛皮)enteredandmovedthroughaliquid—inthiscasenotwater,butsiliconeoil,whichmakesiteasiertoseeairbubbles.Thekeyistokeepthepelt’sairlayerintact(完好的).“Sowhenthey’recrossingtheairwaterinterface,initiallytheirhairytextureisfullofair.Andthenyougointowater.Howmuchoftheaircomesdownwithyouasyou’removinginthroughtheinterface.Sothat’swhatthismodelwilltellyou.”Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs,themoretheairgetstrapped,whichshouldkeeptheanimal—orpotentiallythehumaninafuturefurrywetsuit—warm.TheresearchisinthejournalPhysicalReviewFluids.“Whatwewouldliketoworkonmovingforwardisunderstanding,afteryoudiveintothewater,howdoyoumaintainthisairlayertrappedinyourfur.Andthere’slotsofinterestingpropertiesofthefurinnaturethatwehaven’tyetlookedatinourmodelthatcouldhelpexplainhowthismechanismmightwork.”Sofornow,cold-waterdiversandsurferswillstillemulatesealsorsealions.Butthedaymaycomewhenthey’llmorecloselyresembleottersorbeavers.1、Whatcanmakelittlermammalskeepwarmincoldwater?A.Anair-trappinginsulationmechanism.B.Athicklayerofblubber.C.Afurthatisevolvedtotrapair.D.Aneoprenerubberwetsuit.2、Nastoandhercolleagueshaverevealed_______________.A.thedenserthehairs,themoretheaircanbecarriedwith.B.thewaythisair-trappinginsulationmechanismworks.C.howtheairlayertrappedinthefurismaintainedinwater.D.theexistenceoftheair-trappinginsulationmechanism.3、Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom______________.A.anewspaperB.atravelbookC.amedicalreportD.asciencemagazine4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AFantasticLayerofFurB.AnImportantResearchC.AWonderfulMechanismD.AGraduate’sChallengeText4Haveyoueverrealizedthatthesmallestcountriesintheworldhavesomuchtooffer?Whetherit’shistoricandculturalheritageorunspoilednature,thesemicrostatesareworthavisit.GrenadaGrenadaisasmallcountryintheworld.ItislocatedonislandofCaribbean,whichisalsoknownasTheIslandofSpiceforseveralspiceslikecinnamon,gingerandrarenutmeg.Grenadareliesontourism.Itspristinebeaches,warmturquoisewaterandunspoilednaturemakeitawonderfulholidaydestination.Recentlyecotourismhasbeengrowingaswell.SanMarinoLocatedwithinItalyandsurroundedbytheApennineMountains.SanMarinoisvisitedbyapproximately2milliontouristsannually.It’sabeautifulcountry,whichalsoclaimstobetheoldestsurvivingstateintheworld!Thereforeitsculturalandhistoricheritageisundoubtedlyfascinating.Althoughverysmall,themicrostatehasalotofarchitecturalattractionsaswellastheRomagna,whichislovedbyItalians,whoareamongthemainguestshere.MaldivesMaldivesislocatedonthebankofIndianOcean.Maldiveshasarangeofdifferenthabitatsincludingdeepsea,shallowcoast,andreefecosystems,fringingmangroves,wetlandsanddrylands.VisitorstotheMaldivesdonotneedtoapplyforapre-arrivalvisa,regardlessoftheircountryoforigin,providedtheyhaveavalidpassport,proofofonwardtravel,andthemoneytobeself-sufficientwhileinthecountry.AndorraIt’sapicturesquemicrostatefoundinthePyreneesMountains,borderingSpainandFrance.Over10milliontouristsvisitAndorraeveryyear!Unliketheneighboringcountries’highprices,thecountryhasaduty-freepolicy,allowingshopperstoenjoylowercosts.Alsotherearewinterandsummerresorts,soyoucanvisitanytime.1、WhomightbeinterestedinGrenada?A.Architects. B.Spicelovers.C.Historians. D.Mountainclimbers.2、Whichofthefollowingisagoodchoiceforpeoplewholikebuildingdesign?A.Maldives. B.SanMarino.C.Andorra. D.Grenada.3、WhatisnotrequiredforatravelertoMaldives?A.Money. B.Apassport.C.Avisa. D.Areturnticket.4、WhatmeasurehasAndorratakentoattracttravelers?A.Offeringlowerprices. B.Adoptingvisa-freepolicy.C.Settingnaturalhabits. D.Developingscenicspot.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)语法填空Closeto70percentoftheworld'spopulationwillliveincitiesbytheyear1.Expertswarnthatpopulation2.(grow)willworsenhousingcrisesinsomeareasLargecitiesaroundtheworldalreadystrugglewithhousingproblemsInsomeneighborhoods,risinghousepriceshaveforced3.verypoorfromtheirhomesManypoorpeoplenowliveinsheltersoronthestreetPeople4.(move)tolargecitiesnownotjustforhigh-payingjobsManyarealsolookingforthechancetoliveandworkwithotherpeople,careeradvancementandaccess(接触的机会)tomuch5.(good)resourcesSomecountrieshavebuiltnewcapitalcities6.(help)ease(缓解)overcrowdingTheseeffortshelp,butdonotsolvetheproblemThereportsaysthatby2030,theworldwillhavehad43verylarge7.(city),eachwithmorethan10millionpeopleTjadaMcKenna,8.ischiefoperatingofficerforanaidgroup,saysthattheabilitytoownahomeinmanycountriesisoftendifficult,9.(especial)forwomenandminoritygroupsEverycityisdifferentin10.(deal)withdevelopmentproblemsEachonehasitsowneconomicforcesatworkanditsownhistoryExpertssaythatanswers11.thehousingcrisisandotherproblemsmustbedevelopedcitybycityLovingyourselfmeanslovingeverythinginyou,yourheight,yourvoice,youreyes,yourhair,even1.(include)themistakesthatyouhavemade2.weknow,nooneisperfectAlwaysaskyourself,“AmIgettingunhappyjustbecauseofthemistakesImade?”or“DoIhavethecouragetocorrectmymistakes?”3.theanswerisyesorno,havingapositiveattitudeisthemostimportantBravelyfacethemistakesthat4.(make)yesterdayandtryyourbesttoencourageyourselftolearn5.themTheymightbeyourbestteachersWhencorrectingthemistakesandmakingyourown6.(decide),youwillfindthatyouaregetting7.(strong)andmoreoptimisticwitheachdaypassingDon'texpecteverybodytolikeyou8.isstillOKifsomeonedoesn'tlikeyouBeing9.youareisthebestwaytoshowyourloveforyourselfMydearfriends,get10.(start)fromnowonLoveyourselfandsmileeveryday!SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Here’showyo-yodietingaffectsyourbodyandyourmindYo-yodieting,alsoknownasweightcycling,occurswhenapersonexperiencesperiodsofweightlossfollowedbyweightgainfollowedbyweightlossandsoonandsoon.Theeffectsofthisweightcyclingaresignificant,evenwhentheweightlostandgainedisaslittleas10pounds.1、.ItcanmakeyougainweightWhiledietingmayhelpyouloseafewpoundsatfirst,itonlyworkstemporarily.Yourbodyrespondstothelackofcaloriesbyturningtoleanmusclemassforenergy.Onceyouhavereturnedtoyournormaleatinghabits,theweightcomesbackon–2、.3、Yo-yodietingmayincreasetheriskforheartdiseaseandsuddendeathinpost-menopausal(绝经后期)women.Studiesfoundthatwhennormal-weightwomenexperiencedperiodsofweightcycling,theywere3.5timesmorelikelytohavesuddendeaththanwomenwhoseweightremainedstable.Inthesamestudy,yo-yodietingincreasedawoman’sriskofdeathby1percent.ItcanbedamagingtoyourskinDermatologist(adoctorwhostudiesandtreatsskindiseases)RobinEvansweighedinontheeffectthatyo-yodietinghasontheskin.“Theupanddownweightlossesandgainscanhaveharmfuleffectsontheskinespeciallyonthefacewithstretchingandcontractingtheskin,”saidEvans.4、.ItplaysgameswithyourmindYo-yodietingishardonthebody,5、.Repeatedlygainingandlosingweightcanleavedietersfeelingmoredepressedabouttheirweightandlosingself-beliefasaresult.Ifyou’reayo-yo-dieter,talktoyourhealthcareprovideraboutlifestylechangesthatcanhelpyoumaintainastableandhealthy
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