2023年自考类英语自考英语阅读(二)历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年自考类英语自考英语阅读(二)历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共25题)1.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.

Thef______ofmemory.2.ThereareactuallytwocrimetrendsongoinginAmerica—onefortheyoungandoneforthemature,whicharemovinginoppositedirections.3.Animalsintheirnaturalstatearepartofthewonderofcreationandbeautyofourworld.Oneoftheeffectivemeasurestoavoidtheextinctionofwildanimalsisforallcountriestocreatenaturereserveswhereallthenativespeciesofanimalscanwanderfreeandbeprotectedfromman.

Thep______ofwildlife.4.Theproblemofkidswithgunscannotbeoverstatedinviewofrecenttrendsingun-relatedkillingsamongyouth.5.Loveandknowledgeledmeupwardtowardtheheavens.Butalwayspitybroughtmebacktoearth.Childreninfamine,helplessoldpeopleandthewholeworldofloneliness,poverty,andpainmakeamockeryofwhathumanlifeshouldbe.Ilongtodestroytheevil,butIcan'tandItoosuffer.

S______isoneoftheessentialqualitiesofthespeaker.6.Thesametypeofpopulaceconcentrationistrueofothercontinents,althoughtheyareof-tenfarlesspopulated.7.Mostmammalscansprintfasterthanhumans—havingfourlegsgivesthemtheadvantage.Butwhenitcomestolongdistances,humanscanoutrunalmostanyanimal.Becausewecoolbysweatingratherthanpanting,wecanstaycoolatspeedsanddistancesthatwouldoverheatotheranimals.

Human'sefficientc______system.8.Withoutfood,mancanliveaboutfiveweeks,withoutwateraboutfivedays.Withoutair,hecanonlylivefiveminutes.9.Highsalariesintheelectricity,telecommunicationsandothermonopolyindustrieshavedrawnstrongcriticisminChina,wheretheGinicoefficient,nowstandsat0.46,exceedingtheinternationallyrecognizedalarmlevelof0.45.SoChinaisconsideringcuttingwagesinmonopolyindustriestoreducethecountry'swideningincomegap.Adraftdirectivedocumenthasbeenworkedoutforthispurpose.

Theneedton______theincomegap.10.Publiccommunitycollegesoffersomeofthebestvocationaltraining,oftenspecializinginareassuchasthegraphicarts,hotelandrestaurantmanagement,andbuildingtrades.11.Emotionsandvaluesplayanenormousroleinhowweprocessinformationandmakechoices.Wearebesetbycognitivebiasesthatthrowwhatwouldbesounddecision-makingoff-balance.Takelossaversion:psychologistshavefoundthathumanbeingstendtobemoreconcernedaboutavoidinglossesthanachievinggains,holdingontowhattheyhaveevenwhenthisisnotintheirbestinterests.

Emotionsandvaluesgreatlya______decision-making.12.Expertssaythatmoodsareemotionsthattendtobecomefixed,influencingone'soutlookforhours,daysorevenweeks.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithbadmoodsistotalkthemout.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsorts,don'theadforthedrugstore—trythewayabove-mentioned.

Howtod______withabadmood.13.Whatmakesonepersonmoreintelligentthananother?Whatmakesonepersonagenius,likethebrilliantAlbertEinstein,andarcherpersonafool?Arepeoplebornintelligentorstupid,orisintelligencetheresultofwhereandhowyoulive?Theseareveryoldquestionsandtheanswerstothemarestillnotdear.

D______aboutproblemsintermsofpeople'smind.14.Educationteachesachildtorealizethatheisnotthrownintotheworldbychance,hehashisparttoplay.Hewilllearnwhatisusefultohimandsocietyatlarge.Educationimpartsagreatdealofknowledgetohismindandencouragesachildtoworkhard.

Thep______ofeducation.15.Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecar-willremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.

Possiblep______ofautomobiles.16.Atthisjuncture,asmanyas57percentofchildreninAmericadonothavefull-timeparentalsupervision,eitherlivingwithasingleparentwhoworksfulltimeorinatwo-parenthouseholdwithbothparentsworkingfulltime.Thelackofparentalsupervisionforyoungchildrenisnearlyasgreat.Asmanyas49percentofchildrenunderagesixdonothavethebenefitoffull-timeparenting.Whilesomechildrenenjoysuitablesubstitutesupervisionprovidedbyfriendsandrelativesorinday-care,fartoomanydonot.

Theneedofp______supervision.17.Youcan'talwaysrunaway,butyoucan"dreamtheimpossibledream".Aquietcountryscenepaintedmentallycanletyouescapefromastressfulsituation.Changethescenebyreadingagoodbookorplayingbeautifulmusictocreateasenseofpeace.

Createaquiets______.18.Probablythemostprimitivereasonforteenagerebelliousnessisphysicalinnature.Ataboutthebeginningofadolescence,childrenareundergoingprofoundhormonalchangesastheirbodiesgothroughpuberty.Theirbodiesaretellingthemthattheyarenolongerchildren,andyettheirparentsarestilltreatingthemaschildren.

Reasonswhyteenagersr______theirparents.19.Loveplaysaveryimportantpartinthisworldtoday.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhattheywouldbelikeiftherewerenoloveforeachother.

Tolivewithoutl______ismiserable.20.CaringforpeopleisoneareawherethestatesofEasternEuropearefarinadvanceofotherpartsoftheworld.Mostmedicalandsocialservicesareprovidedfree,andinsomecountriesworkersdonotevenhavetomakecontributionstothehealthandinsurancefunds,sincethesecontributionsaremadebytheemployer.

InEasternEurope,peoplecanusuallyenjoyverygoodmedicalandsocials______.21.Hisaudienceissurprisedtohearthatonly22percentofeighthgradersreadforfundaily,while65percentwatchthreehoursormoreoftelevisioneachday.ResearchalsoindicatesthataveragereadingproficiencydropswhenTVviewingreachesaboutthreehoursaday.Theirparent'habitsarenobetter:arecentsurveyshowsadeclineinnewspaperreadershipamongU.S.adults.

I______oftelevisiontoreading.22.Today,avarietyofsafetytestsisconductedonawiderangeofchemicalsandproducts,includingdrugs,vaccines,cosmetics,householdcleaners,pesticides,industrialchemicals,foodstuffs,andpackingmaterials.Themostthoroughtestingisreservedfordrugsandproductsthatwillbeusedinoronfoodstuffs.

Thet______ofsafetytesting.23.Summeristheidealtimeforoneofthegreatoutdooractivities,hiking.Itismuchmorethanjustagreatworkout.Youbreatheinthefresh,cleanairwhilethecitylifeyouhaveenduredallweekjustfadesaway.Whenhikinginthedeserts,yousuddenlyrealizethatlifeispreciousandyouwillthinkdeeplyaboutyourlife.

Hikingisab______activity.24.Somepeoplefeelverynervouswhentheyflyinairplanes.Nomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotlowertheiranxiety.Manynoticetheiranxietybutonlyafewareconsciousofthewaytheyexpresstheirtension.Sometrytohidetheirnervousness;somebecomeaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes.

Differentr______totensionwhenflying.25.Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsopublicactivity.Itcanbeseenandobserved.

Teachingandlearningdifferinkindandf______.第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：function2.参考答案：事实上，时下的美国存在着两种犯罪趋势——分别设计青少年和成年人——其走向截然相反。[解析]whicharemovinginoppositedirections是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，可译为：其走向截然相反。onefortheyoungandoneforthemature在这里为插入语，对主句进行补充说明。3.参考答案：preservation[解析]Thepreservationofwildlife.此段讲到防止野生动物灭绝的有效措施之一，就是在全世界建立自然保护区。故此段主要讲野生动物的保护。答案为preservation。4.参考答案：考虑到年轻人持枪犯罪的最近趋势，青少年持枪的问题已不再是被过分夸大。[解析]这是一个简单句，直译即可。其中，inviewof考虑到。5.参考答案：Sympathy[解析]题目可译为“作者的基本情感之一是什么”。文章主要讲了作者对爱情和知识的向往，对同情、贫穷、孤独、痛苦等的排斥，希望摧毁邪恶但又无能为力的心情。单词以s开头，又与“同情，怜悯”意思相近的是sympathy。答案为Sympathy。6.参考答案：在其他洲，虽然人口少得多，但也有类似的人口稠密区。[解析]populaceconcentration指人口稠密区；整句话是由although引导的让步状语从句。7.参考答案：cooling[解析]本段主要列举了猛犸象可以在短程中跑得比人快的例子，但是在长跑中，人类可以超越任何的动物。原因是我们可以通过出汗而不是喘气来使身体降温，因此在长跑中能保持身体凉爽，但是动物在长跑中会变得越来越热。段中的关键词cool给我们提供了信息，因此我们可以总结出这段主要讲了人类的降温系统。答案为cooling。8.参考答案：没有食物，人类大约可以活5周，没有水，大约可以活5天，但如果没有空气，人类只能活5分钟。[解析]这句话由三个简单句构成。直译即可。9.参考答案：narrow[解析]本段落的主旨是缩小收入差距。电力、通信和其他一些垄断性行业工资过高的现象亟待解决。答案为narrow。10.参考答案：公共社区学院提供了很好的职业培训，涉及的领域包括绘画艺术、酒店和餐饮管理以及建材贸易。[解析]publiccommunitycolleges指公共社区学院；vocationaltraining指职业培训；specializingin指专营；buildingtrades指建材贸易。11.参考答案：affect[解析]本段主要讲了情感和价值在信息加工和决定中发挥的巨大作用。我们被认知障碍包围着，这些障碍将会使我们产生决定失衡。心理学家也发现人类在“决定”方面受到价值或情感的影响。本段中的第一句Emotionsandvalues...makeachoice也正是总结句要表达的含义。由此可以总结出主题句应是说情感和价值极大地影响了决定。答案为affect。12.参考答案：deal[解析]本段落的主旨是如何对付坏心情。当我们感到身体不适、心情不好的时候，最好把影响心情的一些因素说出来，不要一直藏在心里。答案为deal。13.参考答案：Doubt[解析]本段话说，什么使一个人比另一个人聪明?聪明是天生的呢还是后天养成的，这些老问题的答案到现在仍然不是很清楚。intelligent和fool这些大脑的思考能力的特性属于intermsofpeople'smind。不确定，疑问是doubt。答案为Doubt。14.参考答案：purpose[解析]本段落