2020年高考英语模拟预测卷(全国1卷)-含答案-

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语•模拟预测卷（一）本试卷7页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。2•选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。.3•非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。AThailand'ssouthernbeachesattracttravelerswiththeircleanwateranddramaticcliffs峭（壁）,butthere'smoretoexploreinthisSoutheastAsiancountry.LopburiforhistorybuffsBypassthetourgroupsattheancientcityofAyutthayaandheadtwohoursnorthofthecapital,Bangkok,forapeacefulwalkthroughThaihistory.Lopburi,oneofThailand'soldestcities,boastsKhmer-eratemplesandtheuncrowdedruinsofKingNarai'sPalace,whichwasbuiltinthe1600s.It'salsoknownforthemonkeysthatgatheratPhraPrangSamYottempleinthecenteroftown.BanKrutforbeachbumsInBanKrut,travelerswillfindoneofthecleanestandquieteststretchesofwhitesandybeachwithindrivingdistanceofBangkok.Thissleepyseasidecommunity,knownmostlybylocals,isafive-hourdriveorsix-hourtraintripdowntheGulfofThailand.Don'tmissthemagnificentWatTangSai,ahuge,fairytalecastle-likeBuddhisttemple.CaveforholidayhikersHikingtrails,wetlandsandforestsmakeKhaoSamRoiYotNationalParkaweekendadventureworthyoftoppingyourThailandto-dolist.Thepark'scrownjewelistheextraordinaryPhrayaNakhonCave.Comeearlytocatchthepicturesquechamberfloodedwithmorningsunshinethatspotlightstheroyalpavilionthatsitsinside.RiverKwaifornatureloversMostvisitorscomeforthebeaches,buttheriversandparksinThailand'sKanchanaburiprovincehavemuchtooffer.ScenictrailsandwaterfallsaboundinSaiYokandErawannationalparks.JusttwohoursfromBangkokisthebridgemadefamousinthebookBridgeovertheRiverKwaibyFrenchauthor,PierreBoulle,andthe1957AcademyAward-winning1957filmadaptationofthesamename.StayontheriveratoneofKanchanaburi'smanyfloatinghotels,whereyoucantraveltoyourfrontdoor.1．FromwhichofthefollowingcanyoulearnmoreaboutThaihistoryA．BanKrutB．KanchanaburiC．PhrayaNakhonCaveD．Lopburi2．WhatcantouristsdoinKhaoSamRoiYotNationalParkA．Visittemples.B．Meetlovelymonkeys.C．Gohiking.D．Gotothebeach.3．WhatcanweknowfromthepassageA．RiverKwaiwasmadefamousbyabookandafilmB．TouristscanstayatthefloatinghotelsonRiverKwai.C．MostvisitorsvisitThailandforriversandparksD．TravellerscanfindKhmer-eratemplesinBanKrut.AlaskastateofficialsarehostingWalmartexecutivesinthestatecapitalthisweekinanefforttoresolveamonths-oldargumentoverAlaskansalmonfisheries'sustainabilityqualifications.TheseedsofthequarrelwereplantedseveralyearsagowhenseveralAlaskanfisheriesdecidedtoendtheirrelationshipwiththeMarineStewardshipCouncil—thefamousglobalorganizationthatstatesandprovesthetruthfulnessofsustainablefishing—toseekoutothermeansassuringcustomersoftheirsustainablepractices.ButlastJune,WalmarttoldAlaskanfisheriesthatitwouldnotbebuyingsalmonsourcedfromfisheriesnotcertifiedbytheMarineStewardshipCouncil.NowWalmartiscaughtbetweentwoforces-Alaskafisheriesand"buyAmerican"enthusiastswhothinkthecompany'sfirstresponsibilityshouldbetoAmericanindustry,andenvironmentalistswhothinkWalmartshouldmakeasstrongacommitmenttoenvironmentallysustainableindustryaspossible.Butfromabroaderperspective,thislatestnoiseisanobjectlessoninwhytheconceptofcorporate（公司的）responsibilityhasshortcomingstobeginwith.Walmart—likemostsuccessfulcorporations—isprettygoodatofferingproductstheircustomerswantatlowprices.Whenittriestopromotebroaderpublicgoods,likeacleanenvironment,orlowerunemploymentforveterans,it'snowherenearassuccessful.Here'safewofWalmart'smorenotablecorporate-responsibilityconfusion:TheBuy-AmericanDebacle:Walmart'sfirstmajorcorporateresponsibilitypushwasaneffortinthe1980stopromoteAmerican-madeproducts.Butthecampaignranaground（搁浅）afteraNBCinvestigationrevealedthatthecompanywasactuallysellingproductsmanufacturedinIndiaas"MadeAmerican."TheGoingGreenCampaign:Walmartlaunchedonasustainabilitycampaignaimedatmakingtheretailgiantsoperationsmuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.ThoughWalmartandthemediahavedonemuchtoraisevisibilityoftheseefforts,theactualresultshavebeenlacking.AccordingtoarecentreportfromtheInstituteforLocalSelfReliance(ILSR),Walmart'ssustainabilitycampaignismuchmorefocusedonmakingitsoperationsappeargreentocustomersthanstoppingdoingthingsthatwouldactuallyhelptheenvironment,likereducingemissions.Inreality,theseexamplessimplyshowthatonecan'trealisticallyexpectcorporationstobehaveinawaythatisoppositetomakingprofits.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthatthegoaloffishingsustainabilityisn'tachievable.It'sjustthatthecorporatestructureisn'tourbestmeansofachievingthem—thegovernmentis.4．WhatisthefunctionoftheMarineStewardshipCouncilA．Toadvocatesustainablefishingpractices.B．Topersuadesupermarketstobuyitsproducts.C．Tosolvedisagreementsbetweenfisheriesandsupermarkets.D．Toguaranteethesafetyofgoodssuppliedbysupermarkets.5．Accordingtotheauthor,Walmart'scorporateresponsibilityis.A．confusingB．heavyC．environmental-friendlyD．unsatisfying6．FromParagraph5,weknow.A．Walmart'ssustainabilitycampaignworkedwellB．WalmartmighthaveprofitedatthecostoftheenvironmentC．ILSR'sreportwaspartofWalmart'scampaignplanD．Walmarthadnointentiontoprotecttheenvironmentatall7．WhoshouldbemainlyresponsibleforachievingthegoalsoffishingsustainabilityA．ThecompanystructureB．WalmartC．ThegovernmentD．TheMarineStewardshipCouncilCAcloudlessSouthernCaliforniaskyloomsovertheProParkCoursefortheProSkateParkSeries.Heretocompetearesomeofthetopfemaleskatersintheworld.Thewomenskatersrangeinagefromearlyadolescencetoearly30s,butinasportthatembracesyouth,thereisonewhostandsout.At8yearsold,SkyBrown,wouldbetheyoungestskater,maleorfemale,evertocompeteatthisseries.Sheisknowntosome—aminorstaroftheviralage.WhenherfirstvideowaspostedtoYouTube,Skyinitiallygainedalittleinternetfameasaprematureandlevel-headed4-year-old—highlyintelligent,well-spokenbeyondheryears,hugelytalented,andyetgrounded.Fouryearslater,itwasannouncedthatshewouldbecompetingatHuntingtonBeach.Still,thequestionremains:Isshetrulyready,orwillthisbeanothercasewhererealitycomescrashingdownhardonallthehypeAndthen,itturnsouttobeanythingbut.Skygoesoutandpresentsonesurpriseafteranother.CommentatorsNealHendrixandChrisPastrasareleftinawe,“Halfoftheproscan'tdo.”Theonlythingthatmakestheprodigylooklikeakidishersize.Ineveryotherregard,sheholdsherownwithskaters10and20yearshersenior.BeforethecompetitionatHuntington,Skywasacuriosity.After,sheisacompetitor.Sky'sfirstmemoryofaskateboardisseeingherfather,Stuart,doingafewtricksinfrontofthefamilyhome.“Italwayslookedreallyfun,”saysSky.“Ijustkeptbeggingtotryit.”Skyprogressedquickly,althoughsheneverhadaformalcoach.Somehowshejusthadtheknack.Everymovement,everyshiftinweight,everypushandpullofbodyonboard,sheabsorbed.Then,shediditherself.“Yougetsoclosetomakingit,”shesaysofherprocess,“andthinkyou'reabouttolandit,andthenittakesyou100moretimes.I'malwayssayingtomyparents,'Justonelasttry.'”Ifanyonewaspushing,strivingtogetbetter,itwasSkyherself,learningnewtricksthesamewayeveryoneelsedoes—bytrying,failing,falling,andgettingbackupagain.8．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2A．ToshowSky'searlyexperience.B．ToshowSky'stalentsfromvariedaspects.C．Toshowthepublic'sdoubtaboutSky'scompetence.D．Toshowthepublic'srecognitionofSky'sperformances.9．WhatdoweknowaboutSkyA．Sheequalstheseniorskatersinthecompetition.B．Shelookslikeaprofessionalskaterintermsofherfigure.C．Sheparticipatesinacompetitioninappropriatefortheyoung.D．Shehasalreadybecomeahouseholdnamebeforethecompetition.10．WhatisthemainreasonforSky'sachievementsA．Herparentspushhertoohard.B．Shepracticeshardandneverquits.C．Hercoachisverystrictwithher.D．Herfatherexertsastronginfluenceonher.11．WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA．ARockyRoadLeadstoInternetFameB．AStrongCompetitorStandsoutfromCrowdC．An8-year-oldSkaterAmazestheWorldD．AWonderShowsattheProSkateParkSeriesDDon'tgetmadthenexttimeyoucatchyourteenagertextingwhenhepromisedtobestudying.Hesimplymaynotbeabletoresist.AUniversityoflowa(UI)studyfoundteenagersarefarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehaviors.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying."Fortheteenager,'therewardsareattractive."saysProfessorJatinVaidya，anauthorofthestudy."Theydrawadolescent.Sometimes,therewardsareakindofmotivationforthem.Evenwhenabehaviorisnolongerinateenager'sbestinteresttocontinue,theywill,becausetheeffectoftherewardisstillthereandlastsmuchlongerinadolescentsthaninadults."Forparents,thatmeanslimitingdistraction分心的事情)soteenagerscanmakebetterchoices.Takethehomeworkandsocialmediadilemma:At9.,shutoffeverythingexceptacomputerthathasnoaccesstoFacehookorTwitter,theresearchersadvise."I'mnotsayingtheyshouldn'tbeallowedaccesstotechnology,"Vaidyasays.Butsomehelpinnettingtheirconcentrationisnecessaryforthemsotheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills.”Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelieveteenagersareimpulsive（冲动的），makebaddecisions,andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobes（额叶）oftheirtrainsarenotfullydeveloped.ButtheUIresearcherswondered.whethersomethingmorefundamentalwasgoingonwithadolescentstocausebehaviorsindependentofhigher-levelreasoning."Wewantedtotrytounderstandthebrain'srewardsystemhowitchangefromchillhoodtoadulthood,"SaysVaidya,whoaddstherewardcharacterinthehumanbrainiseasierthandecision-making.“We'vebeentryingtounderstandtherewardprocessinadolescenceandwhetherthereismoretoadolescencebehaviorthananunder-developedfrontallobe,”hetheirstudy,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13and16,and40adults,aged20and35toparticipate.Inthefuture,researchershopetolookintothepsychologicalandneurologica（l神经学上的）aspectsoftheirresults.12．WhatdoesthepassagemainlytellusA．Theinitialrushoftextingislessattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.B．Always,rewardsareattractivetoteenagers.C．Resistancecanbecontrolledwellbyadolescents.D．Gettingrewardsisthegreatestmotivationforadolescentstostudy.13．WhichstatementagreeswithVaidya'sideaA．Theinfluenceoftherewardisweakinadolescents.B．Parentsshouldhelpchildreninmakingdecisions.C．ChildrenshouldhaveaccesstotheInternet.D．Childrenneedhelpinrefocusingtheirattention.14．Whatresultdoesteenagers'brainunderdevelopmentleadtoA．Doingthingsaftersomethought.B．Makinggooddecisions.C．Joiningindangerousactions.D．Escapingriskybehavior.15．HowdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudyA．Bymakingacomparisonofbrainexaminations.B．Byexaminingadults'brain.C．Byexaminingteenagebrain.D．Bybuildingthetrain'srewardsystem.第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whyaresomepeoplesuccessfulandothersaren'tWhat'sthesecretofsuccess16.ManyofGladwell'sideasappearinhissocialpsychologybestseller.Gladwellthinksthatthisisjustanexcusefornottrying...andifyoureallywanttobegoodatsomething,youhavetoworkatit.“Practiceisn'tthethingyoudoonceyou'regood,”Gladwellwrites.“It'sthethingyoudothatmakesyougood.”Centraltothebookisthe“10,000-hourrule”.Itmeansthatifyouwanttobeamongthebestintheworld,youneedtopractisesomethingfor10,000hours.18Forexample,theBeatlesplayedliveinHamburgmorethan1,200timesbetween1960and1964,whichismorethan10,000hoursofplayingtime.AndwhenMicrosoftchairmanBillGateswas13,hewasgivenaccesstoahighschoolcomputer(oneofthefewavailableinthecountry),allowinghimtopractisecomputerprogrammingformorethan(Yes,youguessedit!)10,000hours.TaketheexampleofChristopherLangan,who'smentionedinthebook.He'sgotanIQofbetween195and210(AlbertEinstein'sIQwasestimatedtohavebeenbetween160and180).Asaboyatschool,Langanwasabletotakeanexaminaforeignlanguagehe'dneverstudiedandpassitafterjustskim-readingatextbookforthreeminutes.However,Langannevergraduatedfromuniversityandworkedinlabour-intensivejobshiswholelife.Thisprovesthatintelligencealonewillnotleadtosuccess—youneedhardwork,support,financeandopportunities.Gladwelladds,“Noone—notrockstars,notprofessionalathletes,notsoftwarebillionaires,andnotevengeniuses—evermakesitalone.”Evenafteryou'veputinyour10,000hoursofpractice,youstillneedoneotherkeyingredient—luck.So,youcouldbethemostamazingguitaristintheworld,butunlessyou'reluckyenoughtoplayinfrontofarecordcompanyexecutivewhoseesawayofexploitingthattalent,youaren'tgoingtobeseeingyournameinlights.Itisn'tjustaquestionoftimeandsupport.AuthorMalcolmGladwellthinksheknows.That'sequaltothreehoursadayfor10years.Ofcourse,manypeoplearguethatyoucancreateyourown“luck”.popularviewisthatsomeofusareborntalentedandothersaren'erestingthingisthatsuccesshasnothingtodowithintelligence.who'swillingtopractisesomethingfor10,000hoursisprobablyactive.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题:每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Lehrneralwayswantedtodesignrollercoasters.Evenasa（n）21,though,sheknewthattherehadtobemoretoitthatjusthoppingonboard."lstarted22howIwouldprepare."shesaid.Shelookedtoscienceandmathand23advancedclassesinalgebraandgeometryinmiddleschoolandhighschool.Thenshe1ookevenmore24mathandahigh-levelphysicscourse.Shealso25themeparksasoftenasshecouldandresearchedthe26ofthosecoastersonline.Whenitcametimefor27,shewenttotheColoradoSchoolofMinesinGolden,whereshe28abachelor'sdegreeinmechanicalengineering.NowLehrnerworkswithamusementparkstodesignand29newcoasters.Thesenewcoasterstheydesignare30madeofwood,exceptforametal31onwhichthecarsrun.Thebasicdesignhasbeenaroundformorethanacentury.Still,Lehrnernoteseachnewoneisdifferent."Alotofthesame32andconceptsareusedwhen1designnewcoasters.Butthey33withtheterrain（地势）anddesign.Thattellsuswhatthelimitswillbe—howtightthebendsandhow34thehillsare."Someparks35theircoasterstoheasscaryaspossible.Thatmeansbig36andquickturnsandlotsofinversions.Lehrneris37attakingtwistedwoodcoasters.Thecoastersshe38makeyoufeelasifyou'regoing39thanyoureallyare,becausethetracksarelowertotheground."Wealsotrytobuildridesthatarefunforthewhole—40—childrenaswellastheirparents.”shesaid.21．A．geniusB．kidC．teacherD．inventor22．A．thinkingaboutB．goingoverC．writingdownD．dreamingof23．A．broughtB．researchedC．tookD．gave24．A．classicalB．ancientC．practicalD．advanced25．A．visitedB．createdC．sponsoredD．managed26．A．parksB．makersC．themesD．players27．A．vacationB．graduationC．collegeD．decision28．A．madeB．boughtC．researchedD．got29．A．discoverB．learnC．buildD．purchase30．A．largelyB．completelyC．carefullyD．possibly31．A．coverB．frameC．fenceD．track32．A．metalsB．componentsC．colorsD．plans33．A．agreeB．compareC．changeD．deal34．A．beautifulB．dangerousC．muchD．high35．A．wantB．considerC．hateD．imagine36．A．dropsB．coastersC．seatsD．carriages37．A．amazedB．expertC．pleasedD．excited38．A．ridesB．enjoysC．designsD．studies39．A．slowerB．crazierC．furtherD．faster40．A．familyB．communityC．placeD．society第二节(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaistheglobalhostofthe2019WorldEnvironmentDaycelebrations,andthemaineventisbeingheldinHangzhouinEastChina.Overthepastdecade,Hangzhougovernment41(improve)bike-friendlyinfrastructure,suchaslanesandtrafficsignals42.(create)forcyclistsandhasprovidedalmost86,000publicbikes.InHangzhou,asmartcardallowsusersto43.(easy)accessallformsofpublictransport,44.bikestobuses.ApartfromleadingtheChinesecyclingresurgence,Hangzhouisalsohometoaninnovativewaytoencouragemore45.(sustain)lifestyles,withanapp46.ishelpingtostopdesertification,cutairpollutionandplantmillionsofnewtrees.The“AntForest”mini-program,aHangzhou-basedprojectfromgiantChinesepaymentsandlifestyleappAlipay,encouragesuserstomakesmall,environmentallyfriendly47(decide)intheirdailylives,suchascyclingrather48.drivingtowork,orrecyclingclothes.Ifusersperformanycarbon-reducingactivities,they49.(reward)with“greenenergy”points.Iftheyaccumulateenoughvirtualpoints,50.realtreewillbeplanted.AccordingtoAntFinancial,morethan100milliontreeshavebeenplanted,thankstothelow-carbonactionsof500millionindividuals,roughly5%oftheworld'spopulation.第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错（共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号C),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Everysummer,thereisagreatfairwheretakesplaceinaparkinthecenterofmytown.Likeothersummerfairs,itisorganizingbylocalsmallbusinesses,communitygroupsorclubs.Asuccessfullyfair