现代大学英语精读二unit4详细答案(杨立民版)

unit4Unit4Preview1.Listentotherecordingofthetextandthenfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.1)anaircrash;Washington;19822)terriblecrash;jetplane;WashingtonNationalAirport;bridge;Potomac;sank;inicy-coldwater;four;survive3)greatdamageandlossoflife;special;tears;helicopterteam;topickupsurvivors;“themaninthewater”4)courageandnoblecharacter;nature;totheoccasion5)pride;themoralpower2.Readthetextforbettercomprehensionandanswerthequestions.1)Theunusualelementisthebridge,becausenormally,aircrashesdonotinvolveabridge.Note:Theword“element”heremeansfactororabasicpartofsthcomplicated..2)Cityofformandrulesmeansacitythatisshapelyorbeautifulandorderly,butitsuddenlyturnedintoitsoppositeandbecamechaotic,turnedintoastateofcompletedisorderandconfusion.Ablastofrealwinter:Blastmeansasuddenstrongmovementofwindorair.Thetwometalshererefertothebridgeandtheplane,bothofwhicharemadeofmetal.3)Fromthepointofviewofartisticbeauty,therewasalsoaclash,becausetheplanewasblueandgreen,theriverwasblack,andthechunksoficeweregrey.Perhapspeopledidnotseefailureinitatall.Theyonlysawthetriumphofhumannatureovertheelements.5)Herethehumannatureandnaturalpowersareinconflict.6)“Risetotheoccasion”:Dealsuccessfullywithaproblemorsituationthatisespeciallydifficult.“Gropingandstruggling”referstothefactthatnormallyitishumaninstincttogropeforsomethingtohangontoandstruggleforlife.7)Thesentencemeans“Threeoutofthefouracknowledgedheroes…,areabletoaccountfortheirbehavior.”“Accountfor”:giveasatisfactoryexplanation8)“inthelineofduty”:whileworking;whileonduty9)Skutnicaddedthatsomebodyhadtogointhewatersayingwhateveryherowouldsayunderthecircumstances,butalthoughthesentimenthasbeenrepeatedbymanyheroes,itisstilladmirable.10)Itmeansthemainreasonfortheemotionalimpactorthepersonwhocausedthegreatestemotionalimpact.11)“masscasualty”:agreatnumberofpeopleinjuredandkilledinanaccidentorbattle.Theword“mass”hereisanadjective,meaningaffectingalotofpeople.Alsomassmurder;masskillings;massdestruction;masshysteria;massprotest;massmovement.“commitment”:asenseofdutyandresponsibilityandadeterminationtoworkhardatit.12)Ashisnameremainedunknown,itmadehimasortofsymbol,asymbolofwhathumanbeingscandowhentheyareattheirbest.13)“listeningto…”isaparticiplephraseusedasanadverbialofmanner,modifyingthepredicateofthemainclause“sitting”;“tell…”and“saying..”arebothpartofthecomplexobjectof“listeningto”;and“tofasten…”ispartofthecomplexobjectof“tell”.14)intheessential,classiccircumstance:inthemostbasicandtypicalcircumstance15)theage-oldbattlebetweenhumansandnature16)goateachother:fighteachotherviolentlyactondistinctions:actaccordingtothedistinctionbetweengoodandevil;actaccordingtomoralprinciples17)Itmeansthatwhenthemaninthewatergavealifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,inthesamewayheseemedtobealsosavingthelivesofthosewhowatchedhim,makingthemunderstandlife’struemeaning.18)“holdittoastandoff”:makenatureunabletowinthebattleimmediately迫使自然接受在和人的斗争中的僵持局面，使它不能马上得逞。Vocabulary1.Dothefollowingexercisesonwordformationrules.1)Turnthefollowingintotheiroppositebyaddingin-orim-:1.rmal12.improper13.impartial14.impatient15.incorrect16.incapable17.insignificant18.impractical19.imperfect;20.insensitive21.impermissible22.impenetrable23.indifferent24.immovable25.invisible26.immodest27.immature28.invaluable29.invariable30.immeasurable2)Guessthemeaningofthefollowingsuffixes.(1)-eeReferee;employee;payee;divorcee;trainee(2)-eervolunteer;pioneer;engineer;profiteer;(3)-essStewardess;actress;conductress;tigress;lioness;duchess;countess;mistress;princess;hostess;3)Translatethefollowingexpressionspayingspecialattentiontothecompoundnounsinboldtypemadeofverbs+adverbs.1.经济起飞2.欢送会3.梦想复辟4.可耻的出卖5.后续讨论6.产品用后就扔的现代经济7.脸上涂脂抹粉化妆品用得太多8.严重的精神崩溃9.给了个表示许可的信号10.怀疑这是有意掩盖真相11.我们叫个外买吧12.在那个军事接管以后13.给学生一些讲义14.改革的好处15.这联盟最后的破裂16.学校中途撤学的人17.第二天清晨仍能感觉酒后头昏18.出来参加投票的人不多2(Givetheoppositeofthefollowingwords.1)employer2)unfasten3)bad/evil4)unidentified5)concerned/caring/interested/sympathetic6)immovable7)impersonal8)irresponsible9)selfishness10)individual/personal/specific/private11)shallow12)undress13)slightly/somewhat/inpart14)denybridegroom15)3.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.1)aircrashes/aircollisionandothernaturaldisastershumannatureandcharacter2)3)thetailsectionofajetplane4)hugechunksofice5)flotationring6)fastentheseatbelt7)culturalconflict/clash8)Flight9119)mechanicfailure10)humantragedy11)harshremarks12)makeadistinctionbetweengoodandevil13)presidentialmonuments14)typical/classiccircumstance15)universalcharacter16)publichero17)emotionalimpact18)momentofhightraffic(peak)19)enduringwonder20)AirFlorida21)CongressionalBudgetOffice22)masscasualties4.Completethesentenceswiththeexpressionslistedbelowintheirproperforms.1)referto;knownas2)inreality;asever;responsiblefor3)brought;totears;sticks4)worth;referto;Ontheotherhand;makeacarefuldistinction5)cametotheconclusion;forthe6)takesoff;onbehalfof7)tobesure;careabout;risetotheoccasion8)responsiblefor;accountfor5.Fillintheblankswithappropriateprepositionsoradverbs.1)to;as2)on;to3)to;of4)on;in;under5)accordingto;over6)with;at;at7)against;for;to8)on;to9)on;to10)In/Owingto/Becauseof;of6.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1)Thefactthathewasabletoavoidtheseeminglyinevitablecrashmadehimanationalhero.2)Ofthefourstudentswhoriskedtheirlivestotrytodragthedrowningchildrentoshore,twoneverreturned.3)TheJapaneseareknownfortheirlonglifespan.Theybelievetheyowethistotheireatinghabits/compositionoftheirdiet,whichcontainsalotoffishproducts.4)IknowHarris.Icouldn’timagineamanlikehimmakingsuchstupidremarks.5)Aftertestingherloyaltymanytimes,hewasnowgoingtogiveherthemostdangeroustask.6)IhearthatLincolndeliveredanextremelypowerfulspeechonthatoccasion.Whateverdidheactuallysay?7)Thatthistimetheymustbereadytochallengedeathwascleartoeverybody.Butnooneregrettedthismove.8)Asaccidentsgo/Asfarasaccidentsareconcerned,therewasnothingoutoftheordinary:acrazyyoungmandrivesacaronauniversitycampuskillsayoungwomanstudent.Whatisunusualisthefactthattheandmandarestochallengethepeoplewhowanttotakehimtocourtbecausehisfatherisalocalpoliceofficer.9)Everytime/Wheneverwedecideonafinancialpolicy,wehavetomakeacleardistinctionbetweenshort-terminterestsandlong-terminterests.10)AlthoughitwasearlyOctober,peoplecouldalreadybeseendrivingacrossthefrozenriver.Grammar1.Learntousetheappositiveclause.1.Studytheclausesintroducedbythatandsaywhichareappositiveclausesandwhicharetherelativeclauses.Explanatorynotes:a.Theappositiveclauseisonethatexplainsthemeaningofthepreviousnoun.b.The“noun+appositiveclause”functionsasanoun(phrase),andlikeanoun(phrase),itisusedassubject,objects,andpredicative.c.The“noun+appositiveclause”formisusedastheobjectofprepositionsandofverbsthatcannotbefollowedbyasimplethat-clause.d.Onlyasmallnumberofnounscanbefollowedbyanappositiveclause.Amongsuchverbsarefact,feeling,idea,news,opinion,order,suggestion.1)appositiveclauseinappositionto(与……同位)“thefact”2)relativeclausemodifying“thejets…”3)relativeclausemodifying“everyhero’sline”4)appositiveclauseinappositionto“thefact”5)appositiveclauseinappositionto“proof”6)relativeclausemodifying“something”7)appositiveclauseinappositionto“theconclusion”8)appositiveclausesinappositionto“thefact”2.Respondtoorrewriteeachoftheremarks,usinganappositiveclauseandthewordsinbrackets.1)Theboy’sfearthathewouldfailtheexaminationwastotallygroundless.2)Ihaveafeelingthatthefarmer’swifedoesn’tlikethewaysomeyoungpeoplebehave.3)Ayearaftertheplanecrash,thecouplestillclungtothehopethattheirsonwouldonedayreturnhome.4)Ithinkthepolice’sopinionthatthevictimwaspartlyresponsiblefortheftisridiculous.)5)Theinternationalcommunitywelcomesthenewsthatthetwocountrieshavedecidedtoreturntothenegotiatingtable.6)Alotofscientistsdon’tthinktheresultoftheirresearchisabsoluteproofthatglobalwarmingisn’treallyhappening.7)Teddecidedtojointheteam,forhecametotheconclusionthathehadmoretogainthanlose.8)Ourdepartmentheadseemstohaveacceptedthefactthatwomengenerallyhavebettercommunicationskills.2.Completeeachofthesentenceswithanindefinitepronounbeginningwithany/every/some/no,adding’sorelse(’s)wherenecessary.1.Usinganybody/anyone,somebody/someone,everybody/everyone,nobody/noone.1)anybody(usuallyinquestions)/somebody(whenyouexpecta“yes”answer2)anybodyelse’s3)Everybody4)everyone,Nobody5)nooneelse6)Noone7)anyone(inquestions)8)someoneelse9)Everyone,noone10)Nobody2.Usinganything,something,everything,nothing.1)everything2)something(when“yes”isexpected)/anything3)nothing4)something,anything5)something6)nothing7)anything8)Something,anything9)something(10)nothing3.FillineachblankwithONEsuitableword.(4)took(5)takeoff(1)made(2)while(3)scheduled(6)by(7)But(8)dangerous(9)turn(10)Something4.Translatethesentencesusinganappositiveclause.1)Thefactthatheissomebody’srelativewon’tchangeouropinionofhim.2)Thewivesoftheminerstrappedinthepitforthreedayswereoverjoyedbythenewsthattheirmenhadallbeenrescued.3)Wemustacceptthepossibilitythatwemightbewrong.4)There’slittlehopethatthepatientwillsurvive.5)Thefacultysharestheopinionthatthemajorityo