2022年山东省淄博市中考英语试题及参考答案

淄博市2022年初中学业水平考试英语试题本试卷共11页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将区县、学校、姓名、考试号、座号填写在答题卡和试卷规定位置，并核对条形码。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔涂黑答题卡对应题目的答案标号；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，字体工整、笔迹清晰，写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来答案，然后再写上新答案。严禁使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。4.保证答题卡清洁、完整，严禁折叠，严禁在答题卡上做任何标记。5.评分以答题卡上的答案为依据。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。一、完形填空（共10小题，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。Akangarooisatall,stronganimal.Ithaslargefeet,alongtail,thickbrownfur(毛)andpointyears.Thekangarooisregardedasa___1___ofAustralia.Also,kangarooshavebeenused___2___mascots(吉祥物)forsportsteams.Kangarooisthenameforanadult.Itcangrowuptotwometers___3___,andweigh90kilograms.Joeyisthenameforababykangaroo.However,___4___ajoeyisborn,itisn’tlikeakangaroo.Itisred,andithasnofur.Itlookslikeapeanut(花生).Anewbornjoeycannotsee.Itisblind.___5___ithasnoproblemfindingawaytoitsmother’spouch(育儿袋).Itjustmovesslowlyupandgoesintothemother’spouch.Themother’spouchbecomesits___6___home.Ajoey___7___initsmother’spouch.Itdrinksitsmother’smilkandbecomesbiggerandbigger.Itsfurstartstogrow.Redfurisforaboy,whilegreyfurisforagirl.Afterafewmonths,ajoey’sbacklegsstarttogrow.Thelegsstarttogrowlongerand___8___.Nowit’stimeforajoeytocomeoutofthepouch.Itjumpsandrunsaroundinthefield.Andthenitcomesbacktoitsmother’spouchtosleep.Ajoeyhastostayinitsmother’spouch___9___aboutayear,andbefedbythemotheruntilreaching18months.Whenitbecomesbiggerthanthepouch,it____10____itsfirsthome.Goodbyeandgoodluck,Joey!1.A.heart B.symbol C.place D.map2.A.by B.up C.as D.in3.A.tall B.deep C.wide D.far4.A.where B.what C.why D.when5.A.Then B.Even C.But D.So6.A.first B.third C.fifth D.seventh7.A.growsout B.growsup C.growsdown D.growsto8.A.weaker B.lighter C.softer D.stronger9A.in B.after C.for D.at10.A.leaves B.makes C.returns D.stays二、阅读理解（共21小题，满分42分）阅读短文A、B、C，并做每篇后面的题目，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。AAreyouagooddigitalcitizen(数字公民)?Testyourselfandcheckyourresultattheend.Doyoubelieveeverythingonline?No!Ialwayscheckthem.Idon’treallythinkaboutthem.Ibelieveeverythingonline.Areyouinterestedintechnology?Yes,Ilovelearningaboutit.I’minterestedinsome,notall.I’mnotinterestedinitatall.Areyounicetopeopleonline?YesI’malwaysnice.I’moftennice.Idon’tthinkmuch.Doyouknowhowtostaysafeonline?Yes,Iamverycareful.Iamnotsure.Idon’tmindatall.Doyouthinkcarefullybeforeyoushareaphoto?Yes,Ialwaysaskmyselfifit’sgoodtoshareit.Iknowthat’sprobablyimportant,butIdon’talwayscare.Ijustsharephotoswithoutthinking.Idon’treallyworry.MostlysCongratulations!You’reagooddigitalcitizen.Youknowhowtoenjoytechnologyforstudyandplaysafely.Great!MostlysYouaren’tabaddigitalcitizen,butyoucouldbebetter!Thinkcarefullyandimproveyourselfonline.MostlysOh,dear!Youneedtoworkonbeingagooddigitalcitizen.Learnmore,oryoumaygetintotroubleoneday.11.Whatshouldagooddigitalcitizendotostaysafeonline?A.Heshouldbeverycareful. B.Heshouldbereallyrelaxed.C.Heshouldshareeverything. D.Heshouldbelieveeveryone.12.IfTomchoosesmostly,whatdoyouthinkofhimaccordingtothepassage?A.Heisareallycarefuldigitalcitizen. B.Heissureabouthowtogoonlinesafely.C.Heisn’tbad,butheneedstothinkcarefully. D.Heisbad,andhemaygetintotroubleeasily.13.Thispassagemaybe________.A.astory B.atest C.aplan D.amenuBBikingkeepsyoufit.Itisacleanandgreenwaytogettoworkityoulivecloseenough.Also,it’scheaperthandrivingacar.Bikinghassomanyadvantages,butwhyaren’ttheremorebikersoncityroads?Accordingtoasurvey,thenumberonereasonistheworryaboutroadsafety.Sharingtheroadwithcarscanbedangerous.OmarBakhshiexperiencedthiswhenacarknockedhimdown,whichhadbadeffectsonhistasteandsmellforlife.Bakhshirealizedthatwhathappenedtohimwasn’tunusual.Becausebikersoftenexperiencedangerswithcars,Bakhshisetouttomakeroadssafertoshare.Hestartedacompany,Tether,toimprovesafetyconditionsforcitybikers.Tether’sinventionisasmartsensor(传感器)thatgoesonabike’shandlebars(把手).Asthebikerridesthroughthecity,theinventionmakesa“safetyzone(地带)”oflightsontotheroad.Theselightswillmakecarspayattentiontotherulesofsharingtheroad.Ifcarsgettooclosetothebiker’spersonalspaces,thelightswillstartflashing.WhatmakesBakhshi’sinventiondifferentisitssmartfeatures(特点).Tether’stoolcollectsdata(数据)fromthesebikingaccidents.Thedataisorganizedintoacentraldatabaseandcanbeusedtochoosewhichstreetsaresaferforbikers.Notonlycanbikerschooseabetterwaytoavoidheavytrafficbyusingthedata,butBakhshiplanstosharethedatawiththegovernment.Walking,biking,drivingandpublictransportationallhavedifferentadvantagesanddisadvantages.Whenallroaduserscansharethesamelevelofsafetyknowledge,everyonecangetwheretheyneedtogoquicklyandsafely.14.Whyaren’ttheremorebikersoncityroadsaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausepeoplecan’taffordbikes. B.Becausepeoplecan’tridebikes.C.Becausepeopleliketodrivecarsmore. D.Becausepeopleworryaboutroadsafety.15.WhathappenedtoBakhshibeforehestartedTether?A.Helosthisnewbikebyaccident. B.Hefailedtoinventabike.C.Hehadanaccidentwhenridingabike. D.Hehurtamanwhendrivingacar.16.HowdoesTether’sinventionimprovesafetyconditions?A.Bymakinga“safetyzone”oflights. B.Bymakingthebikestronger.C.Bymakingthebikemuchcheaper. D.Bymakingpeopledrivecarsless.17.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Thelifeingreencheapstyle B.AnexperienceofdrivingacarC.Theworryaboutdatalife D.NewtechnologyforbikingsafetyCLotsofkidshavebeentryingtofindwaystohelpsavetheEarth.Someofthemareencouragedbythe“30by30”plan:Fiftycountrieshavepromisedtoprotect30%ofEarth’slandandwatersby2030.Oneofthekidsis11-year-oldBeckettfromGeorgetown,Texas.Hewantstohelpprotectendangeredspecies(物种).In2019,hebeganworkingwithRainforestTrust.“Iwasreallyinterestedintryingtostopclimate(气候)change,”hesaid.Withthehelpofhisschoolmates,BecketthasstartedagroupcalledProtectionofEarth.ThegrouporganizedalocalRunandraisedmorethan$700.Themoneyhelpedtosavemorethan1,000acres(英亩)ofrainforestland.WhentheCOVID-19came,BeckettputtogetheranonlineactivitycalledTrivia:Peoplecouldtesttheirknowledgeofbirds,endangeredspecies,andclimatechange.Thatraised$600forrainforestland.InLosAngeles,California,10-year-oldJustinisworriedaboutfrogs.Justincallsthem“magical,becausetheycomeindifferentcolors.”LastyearhejoinedRainforestTrusttohelpEcuador’srainforestanditsfrogs.HeappearedonlocalTVnews,andmanypeoplelearnedaboutwhathehaddone.Thathelpedhimraise$2,000tosavealmostthreeacresofCloudForest.Justinhopeshecanencourageotherpeopletounderstandwhyfrogsaresocool.“Frogsaretellingustheplanetneedshelp,”hesaid.“Iffrogsaredyingwhereveryouare,that’sbadbecauseitmeansthewateryouaredrinkingispolluted.”18.Howmanykidsarementionedinthepassage?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.19.WhatgroupdidBeckettsetup?A.RainforestTrust. B.ProtectionofEarth. C.MagicalFrogs. D.Ecuador’sCloudForest.20.HowdidBeckettraisemoneyduringtheCOVID-19?A.ByorganizingalocalRun. B.ByspeakingonlocalTVnews.C.BystartingTriviaonline. D.Byworkingforrainforestland.21.Theunderlinedword“him”inParagraph4refersto(指代)________.A.Beckett B.Justin C.Beckett’sschoolmate D.Justin’sbrother22.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Protectingfrogsmeansprotectingourselves. B.Peopleputgreatinterestinclimatechange.C.TwokidsraisedmoneyforCOVID-19. D.Thewateryouaredrinkingispolluted.阅读短文D，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。D“Mumsaysthatweshouldnotswiminthatdeeppool!”saidJim.“Oh,don’tbesuchababy,”saidRaywithalaughter.OnthishotJuneafternoon,thewaterwassocoolandcomfortablethattheboyscouldn’twaittojumpintothepoolforaquickswim.“Comeon,Julian!”shoutedRay.“Let’scompete!”___23___Shakinghisheadindisapproval(不赞成),Jimwalkedtothenearbyfoodcornertohaveabite.Rayswamaheadlikeafish.Julianhadjustbegunhisswimminglessonslastweek.___24___Suddenly,Julianfeltapullinhisrightlegmuscle(肌肉).“Help!”criedJulian.“Ithurts!”___25___Hearingthecry,Jimturnedaroundandwasshockedtoseehisbrotherstruggling(挣扎)inthewater.“Ohdear!WhatshouldIdo?”shoutedthescaredJim.Luckily,therewasalifeguardondutywhoheardthecriesforhelp.___26___Julianwasunconscious(无意识的)andthelifeguardgavefirstaid(急救)onhim.Julianwassoonawake.Havingadeepbreath,JimandRaythankedthelifeguardforsavingJulian.ThethreebrotherswenthomeandJimreportedthemattertotheirmother.Theirmotherscolded(训斥)RayandJulianstrictlyandtheboyspromisednottodoitagain.Jimwasgladthathewassparedthescolding.A.HetriedtocatchupbutheknewhecouldneverwinRay.B.Jimswambackquicklytosavehim.C.HejumpedintothepoolandpulledJulianoutatonce.D.JulianandRayjumpedintothepoolandswamhappily.E.Raywastoofarawaytohearhiscryforhelp.E阅读材料，将下面小题中五条语言学习的建议与A—E五个标题进行匹配。____27____Thefivemainonesarespeaking,reading,writing,listeningandgrammar,buteachoneisimportanttotheothers.Ifyouneedtoimproveone,keepupyourworkontheothersatthesametime.Remembertoimproveallyourlanguagelearningwithlotsofpractice!____28____Doyourememberthattimewhenyoucouldn’tunderstandanythingatallandwhenyoucouldhardlycommunicate?Lookhowmuchbetteryouarenowandhowmuchyouhaveimproved!Believinginyourselfissoimportant.Neversaydie.____29____Youshouldn’tbeworriedabouthowmuchyouarelearning,youshouldenjoylearningnewwordsandbeingabletocomparethemtoyourownlanguage.Youshouldbeexcitedabouthowmuchyouhavelearned!____30____Doyoufeelyouarenotprogressing?Lookbackonhowyoulearnedthelanguage.Setyourgoalsanddecidewhatyouwanttodointheshort,mediumandlongterm.Thenstartlookingathowyouachievethesegoals.____31____Whydoyouwanttolearnanotherlanguagewell?Doyouwanttobeabletoteachthatlanguageortraveltothatcountryandbeabletocommunicate?Rememberthereasonsforlearningalanguageandkeepgoingforit.A.Itisveryimportantnottogiveup.B.Youneedtoreviewhowtolearnthelanguage.C.Keeppracticingthefivemainpartsofthelanguage.D.Remindyourselfofyourreasonsforlanguagelearning.E.Languagelearningshouldbeenjoyable!三、选词填空（共10小题，满分15分）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。easieraftermillionswriterwhointerestedbornwherecollegespentalsoreporterLifeisfullofpleasure,pain,learning,growth,happinessandsadness.Thosecanmakepeoplebetterandwiser.E.L.Konigsburg,afamous___32___,tellschildren,“Beforeyoucanbeanything,youhavetobeyourself.That’sthehardestthingtofind.”Konigsburgherself___33___manyyearsdoingmanythingsbeforeshediscoveredthatshewantedtobeandcouldbeawriter.Konigsburgwas___34___inNewYorkCity.Shewasagoodstudent,graduatedfirstinherhighschoolclass,andwasthefirstpersoninherfamilytogoto___35___,whereshegotadegreeinchemistry.___36___finishingcollege,shegotmarriedandthenstartedworkingonamaster’sdegree(硕士学位)inchemistry.WhensheandherhusbandmovedtoFlorida,shebegantoteachscienceataprivategirls’school.Soon,however,Konigsburgrealizedshewasmore___37___inwhatwasgoingoninsidethestudentsthanwhatwasgoingoninsidethetesttubes(试管).Shestoppedteachingscienceandstayedathometoraiseherthreechildren.She___38___begantotakedrawingandpaintingclasses.Someofherworkswonawards(奖)incompetitions.AsherchildrengrewKonigsburghadastrongwishtowriteabouttheirexperiencesandthoseofherstudentsinthepast.Soshedid.Today,twoNewberyAwards,morethan15books,and___39___ofyoungreaderslater,sheisstillwriting.Konigsburghasaonewordpieceofadviceforpeople___40___wanttobeawriter.“Finish.Don’ttalkaboutdoingit.DoitFinish.”Thatalsomakesit___41___tofaceanychallengeinlives.四、语法填空（共10小题，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Hangingaredlanterninfrontofthedoorisbelievedtodriveoffbadluck.ThefirstChinesepaperlanterns___42___(invent)duringtheEasternHanDynasty(东汉).InancientChina,peopleraisedlanternstogetlightandwishforabetterlife.Also,lanternswerewidelyusedonfestivals.Nowadays,ithasbecomeatraditionthatbothbigcities___43___smalltownsarefilledwithredlanternsduringthefestival.Thematerialsformakinglanternsaresimple.Peoplecan___44___(make)bamboo,woodandmetalintoframes(框架)oflanterns.Paperandsilk___45___(be)themainmaterialsforcovers.PeopleliketopaintbeautifulChinesepictureson___46___(they).Thetraditionallanterniscoveredbyricepaperwithacandleburninginside.Lightsshinethroughthericepaper___47___night.ThatisreallyChinesestyle.ThemostcommonChineselanternsarered,roundandwithredorgoldentassels(流苏).Theyareseenasbrightsymbolsofhappinessandgood___48___(wish).InChineseculture,lanternsindifferentcolorsexpressdifferentmeanings.People___49___(usual)lightseverallanternsfortheChineseNewYear,andenjoylanternshowswithfamilyduringtheLanternFestivalLanternslightthenightoffestivals.Happinessandjoyspreadintodifferentfamiliesbythesedifferentlanterns.Lanternsarealsousedinallkinds___50___celebrations.Lanternshavebecomethenational___51___(proud)inChina五、阅读表达（共5小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Youoftenhear“Newyearnewme”intheUKonthefirstofJanuary.Itisverycommontostartanewyear’sresolutiononthisday.Thiscanbetogiveupsomething,likesweetsorchocolate,soyoucanbehealthier.Peoplealsoliketostartdoingsomethingnew.Therearesomanythingsyoucando!ManypeopleIknowdecidetoplaysportsandeathealthierfoodastheirnewyear’sresolution.Manybecomeheavieraftertheholidaysastheyofteneatalot.Ithinknewyear’sresolutionsareagreatideatogivepeoplemotivation(动机)todosomethinggoodforthemselves.Whenotherpeoplehavethesameresolutionasyours,ithelpsyoutosticktoyourown.Forexample,youcouldgojogging(慢跑)withagroupoffriendsseveraltimesaweek.Thatcanbesomuchmorefunandhelpyoutokeeptheresolution.Also,Ithinkitisimportantforyoutochoosesomethingrealisticasanewyear’sresolution.Inthepast,Ihavegivenupchocolate,stoppedeatingmeatandstarteddoingkungfu.Soonafterthat,Igaveupsomeofthesethings,suchasnoteatingchocolate.Theyweretoodifficulttokeep.AndsomeIkeptonwithandstilldonow.Thisyear,myresolutionistotravellessbyplane.LivingintheUK,itwasverydifficulttotravelwithoutacarandnotbyplane,butnowthatIliveinGermanyIfinditmucheasiertotravelbyanothermode(模式)oftransport.TherearemoreenvironmentallyfriendlywaysthatIcanchooseliketravellingbytrainorbus,thoughit’smoreexpensive,IknowthatIwilldoharmtotheenvironmentmuchless.52.Whendopeopleoftenstartnewyear’sresolutionsintheUK?_______________________________53.Whatresolutionshasthewritermadetokeephealthyinthepast?_______________________________54.Wheredoesthewriterlivenow?_______________________________55.Whydoesthewriterchoosetotravellessbyplanethisyear?_______________________________56.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?_______________________________六、书面表达（共1小题，满分18分）57.假设你是李华，你的英国朋友想了解你的业余活动。请你以“Myfreetimeactivities”为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，介绍一下你的业余活动及感受。注意：1.书写规范，表达连贯，可根据内容适当发挥；2.文中不得出现真实的区县、学校及姓名。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________