新世纪大学英语综合教程4(第二版)-习题答案1-4单元

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业Unit ONEEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action Working with Words and ExpressionsIn the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form wher

2、e necessary. Answers:1) spark2) compelled3) bare4) scrape5) destruction6) output7) retreat8) tipped9) miracle10) eternal11) pile12) transfer13) mass14) thereby15) have emerged16) trigger17) threaten 18) consumed19) hollowIn the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. C

3、omplete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) show signs of2) cope with3) lives in fear of4) tough it out5) cut down6) from head to foot7) searched out8) nothing short of9) As yet10) settle in11) take heart Increasing Your Word Power You will read six pairs of words w

4、hich are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary. Answers: 1) temptation2) attraction3) chance4) opportunity5) states6) country7) warned8) threatened / th

5、reatens 9) refuse 10) reject 11) total 12) gross A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as “comsat” from “communications” and “satellite”. Try to find out what words the following blends are formed from. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers: BlendFormationMe

6、aningsmogsmoke + fog烟雾blogweb + log博客brunchbreakfast + lunch早午餐 （早餐和午餐合为一餐）autocideautomobile + suicide撞车自杀chunnelchannel + tunnel海峡隧道motelmotor + hotel汽车旅馆netizennet + citizen网民sci-fiscience + fiction科幻小说workaholicwork + alcoholic工作狂wi-fiwireless + fidelity无线网络Fill in the blanks in Column B with an

7、 adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. Answers:1) individual 2) contradictory 3) destructive 4) rational 5) primitive 6) synthetic 7) distant 8) pessimistic 9) irreplaceable 10) enor

8、mousGrammar in Context Study the following sentences from Text B and point out the grammatical function of each of the present participles used as an adverbial. Answers:1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances2) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances3) an adverbial of result4) an adverbial

9、of result5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances6) an adverbial of result7) an adverbial of time2. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a present participle as an adverbial. Answers:1) killing thousands upon thousands of people

10、2) raising the average yield by 15 percent3) trying to deduce its operating principle4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his / her book5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time6) leaving the project unfinished7) Turning to the right 8) Not wanting to make the patient nervous Cloze Co

11、mplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:(1) realm(2) elemental(3) obtain(4) stubbornly(5) transferred(6) transformed(7) subdued(8) expansion(9) irreplaceable(10) extinct(11) dynamic(12) verge(13) moderate(14) ecological(15) rational

12、Translation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for Reference: 1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2) In only twenty years the country was transformed int

13、o an advanced industrial power.3) Seeing the project successfully completed, those who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roa

14、ds in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.6) The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short o

15、f a miracle. 8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago. 10) Ask for help. Dont tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson

16、 early in my life.2. Translate the following passage into English. Answers for reference:Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature direct

17、ly, but indirectly their dependence grows.Human beings are connected with nature by “blood” ties. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the sho

18、rtage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed.Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.Theme-Related Writing Write an essay of no less than 150 words on th

19、e topic “My Understanding of Environmental Protection”. Your writing should cover the following points:1) the relationship between man and the environment2) the urgency of environmental protection3) ways to protect the environment Sample essayMy Understanding of Environmental ProtectionMan and the e

20、nvironment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, m

21、ans transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has result

22、ed in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife,

23、 reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.(167 words)Unit Two Man and TechnologyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action Working with Words and ExpressionsIn t

24、he box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers: productivityphenomenonisolationgradualopponentadventgeneticuniversalextremenastyboomformalsurveySimilarlymodifyrough In the box below are some of th

25、e expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers: at the same timeare stuck withfor certainmake no differenceon averag

26、ewhen it comes toare better offbuilt intocome to mind close toin favor of Increasing Your Word PowerYou will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one.

27、Change the form if necessary. Answers: exteriorexternaldelightfulpleasantseparateisolatecompanycompanionacquirelearnripemature Fill in each blank with one of the words listed below in the appropriate form, paying special attention to the meaning and spelling. Answers: acceptoppressionlossexcerptsdep

28、ressionlooseexceptexpectationslosesuppressWords that come from the same root may be said to belong to the same family. Getting acquainted with each member of the family is a sure way to increase your word power. Now complete the following table with words of the same family. You may consult a dictio

29、nary if necessary. Answers:technologyeternitymiraclerelevanceanalysisluxuriousleisurely / leisuredsubjectiveprosperousinnovativeGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Complete the following sentences with appropriate connectives listed in the following table. Answers: WhateverAlthough / ThoughwhereasHoweverthoug

30、h / althoughGranted / Granting thatasWhileTask 2: Translate the following sentences into English. Answers for reference: Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.You will have to attend the commencement whether you are free or busy.She leaves her bedroom windows open, however co

31、ld it is.We will make a trip even if / though the weather is bad.No matter who / Whoever you are, you must abide by the law.Difficult as the job was, they decided to accept it.No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks Im wrong.She seems to have a ready answer, whenever / no matter when

32、I ask her a question.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:emphasizeoppositeimprovedluxuriesbenefitedobviouslyconsciouslyfractureseternalgroundbreakingentitledcorrelationdependsexclusivelyTranslation Translate the following

33、 sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant.The latest survey shows /showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the governments

34、plan to build a new library.The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just wont come to mind for the moment.He

35、 has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not.The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use.These workers earn

36、more than we do, but the other side of the coin is that their job is more dangerous.Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no differenc

37、e whether I go there or not.Translate the following passage into English. Answers for reference:Nowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by material and technological advances unimaginable in previous eras. With the development of science and technology, peoples standard of livi

38、ng is getting higher and higher. Peoples life expectancy has soared, too.However, oddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used to be. It can be seen that there is no close correlation between peoples income and their happiness. Happiness cannot, after all, be bought with money.Althou

39、gh the majority of people are not very satisfied with their lives, they are happy to be alive, and the more time they live on earth, the better off they feel theyll be. What is important is that material wealth is far from enough. People need spiritual happiness, too. Theme-Related WritingWrite an e

40、ssay of no less than 150 words about a technological invention. Your writing should cover the following points:1) a brief description of the invention2) the positive impact of the invention on peoples life3) the negative impact of the invention on peoples life4) your opinion Sample essay:The Impact

41、of the Mobile Phone on Peoples LivesAmong the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most.The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do bu

42、siness efficiently. In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi-functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive mail, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures.Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us

43、have experienced the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to support mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported

44、 that electromagnetic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems.Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still b

45、etter.(184 words)Unit ThreeFame and SuccessEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:fortune2) dull 3)

46、chased 4) launched 5) accompaniedintrinsic7) ranks 8) publicity 9) sufficiently 10) imagetarget12) transform13) temporarily14) cover 15) bored16) audiences17) regard18) acknowledged19) predict2. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. C

47、hange the form where necessary. Answers: thrown out 2) and so on 3) for dear life 4) set their sights on 5) was tired ofturn away 7) hang on 8) in his presence 9) live with 10) nothing butfor good 12) set out 13) What if 14) tire of Increasing Your Word Power1. Study the following usage notes about

48、the verbs in the box. Now complete each of the following sentences with the most appropriate word from the above box. Answers: grasped2) was snatched 3) Clasping 4) Catch5) seizedgripped7) grabbed 8) clutch2. The following table shows some typical verb + noun collocations, as indicated by the symbol

49、 . Examine the table carefully and then fill in each blank in the following sentences with a suitable verb from the table. Answers: reached / secured2) achieved/ attained 3) attained / reachedreach / secure 5) achieved / realized/ fulfilled 6) fulfill / meet / satisfy3. Fill in the blanks in Column

50、B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. Answers:dull 2) competitive 3) same 4) momentary 5) specific 6) sufficient 7) cruel 8) humble 9) famous 10) reasonable Grammar in cont

51、ext1. Study the following sentences and point out the grammatical function of each of the infinitive phrases. Answers:1) (real) subject2) object complement3) object4) adverbial of purpose5) adverbial of purpose6) object to the verb “make”7) adverbial of result8) subject, predicate9) attributive modi

52、fying “ways”10) predicate2. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English. Answers:1) To become a famous writer2) to take travelers checks3) to employ a young engineer4) take the machine apart5) To understand the situation completely6) to rise higher in positio

53、n7) to find that the train had left 10 minutes before8) to apply for a known job opening9) to make trouble10) To be more exactClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) chase 2) reputation 3) dedicate / devote 4) reward 5) su

54、fficiently 6) measured7) assure 8) Momentary 9) celebrity 10) target 11) frank 12) liberty 13) illusory 14) regard Translation 1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:He attempted to save the enterprise which was on

55、the verge of collapse but failed.The president has announced that he will not seek re-election at the end of his first term.The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard.She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse.Im afraid that youll have to compete

56、with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company.One of the main reasons why they have messed up their lives is that they did not have a good school education when young.Mary is already famous, but she is not happy at all because shes been obsessed with thoughts of becoming even

57、 more famous.With the development of science and technology, people now can have easy access to educational, medical and many other kinds of information.The companys investment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw

58、 him out.I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will reach the peak in half an hour.Translate the following passage into English. Answers for reference: Many people want to be famous because fame can bring them both honor and respect from the public. In most cases, fame can

59、also help them gain wealth. But, after all, very few people can really become famous while most people, including most artists, are unlikely to become famous. It is true that some failure for some people at certain times in their lives does motivate them to strive even harder so as to achieve final

60、success. For example, Thomas Edison, the famous American inventor, had tried hundreds of materials before he finally found the suitable fuse for the electric bulb. However, unfortunately, for most people failure is the end of their struggle. Therefore, in my opinion, success is one thing and fame is