2022年云南城市建设职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年云南城市建设职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammal

2、s, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readap

3、t to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability_. A、to create an environment of its own B、to remain still when an enemy is near C、to make food from inorganic chemicals D、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解

4、析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第2题【单选题】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的权力。【详细解答】A 统计学 B 建设 C 措施，办法 D 让步，特许权第3题【单选题】_, wh

5、at could we do? A、Should it rain tomorrow B、Tomorrow it should rain C、If it rains tomorrow D、If it will rain tomorrow【正确答案】A【答案解析】A项是对将来的假设。对将来的假设可以用should+动词原形的形式。Should it rain tomorrow=if it should rain tomorrow.第4题【单选题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you

6、re hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues a

7、s: Get up, John！Youll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of

8、the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage？ A、Unawareness of energy cycles. B、Familiar monologues. C、A change in a family members energy cycle. D、Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句(即：“Much family quarrelling ends when hus

9、bands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has”)，同时联系本段的第四句和第五句(即：“For some people the peak comes during the morningFor others it comes in the afternoon or evening”)的意思。该句的直接意思是“如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。”也就是说，家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不

10、了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles(不知道能量周期)应是正确答案。第5题【单选题】_ fine day it is today! Yes, the sunshine is _ beautiful that Id like to go swimming in the sea. A、How, such B、What a, very C、How, so D、What a, so【正确答案】D【答案解析】考查感叹句和“sothat”的用法。第6题【单选题】【阅读选择】Do you think sitt

11、ing and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people_. A、lose weight B、become happ

12、ier C、concentrate better D、look younger【正确答案】C【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第7题【单选题】【阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45

13、per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C、there are fewer species of rep

14、tiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是正确的答案。第8题【单选题】【阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writ

15、ing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or emp

16、ty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage

17、, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第9题【单选题】【阅读选择】In a

18、special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? A、Unequal access to medical care. B、Greater probability of ha

19、ving other diseases. C、Differences in the biology of the cancer. D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites，与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第10题【单选题】【阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful fami

20、ly, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He neede

21、d to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed C、horrible D、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和regret，可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第11题【单选题】

22、【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of int

23、roducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二个原因就是人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应该选C。第12题【单选题

24、】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of in

25、troducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二个原因就是人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应该选C。第13题【单选

26、题】【2009.01】What he told us was more of a(n)_than a reality. A、illusion B、demonstration C、illustration D、reputation【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。句意：他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。考查名词词义。A 幻想，错误观念；B 演示，证明；C 图解，实例；D 名声，名誉。第14题【单选题】【阅读选择】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep th

27、em there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes ove

28、r job opportunities arise among British unions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者“there are more men than are needed

29、when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第15题【单选题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百岁老人) get

30、 asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社区”，文章开头部分提到了“community(社区)”，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第16题【单选题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, more people wo

31、rking for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125

32、-year-old boss?All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT_. A、Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult. B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees. C、The job market would be more competitive. D、It

33、would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除选项C；It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除选项D；And how easily would a 25-year

34、-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排除选项A；答案是B。第17题【单选题】【阅读选择】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attentio

35、n better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people_. A、lose weight B、become happier C、concentrate better D、look younger【正确答案】C【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第18题【单选题】【2009.01】You should help them_when your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sight B、come to terms C、come into

36、 play D、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助他们协调一下。come into 或 come to 都表示进入（某种状态）。A 映入眼帘；B. 达成协议，妥协；C 开始运作；D. 上台，开始掌权。 第19题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small vill

37、age beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一个小村庄，就说明了River Wensum流经 Norwich。第20题【单选题】Each of us should _ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day. A、push B、provide C、turn D、set【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析

38、。set aside：留出，拨出。是固定搭配。第21题【单选题】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑暗。【详细解答】A 分配，拨出 B 收养，过继 C 应用，申请 D 调整，使适合第22题【单选题】【阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain e

39、lements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on t

40、oy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According

41、 to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第23题

42、【单选题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.

43、C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处”。第24题【单选题】【2009.10】So far scientists have only ac

44、quired _ understanding of the physical processes that cause earthquakes. A、a partial B、a changeable C、an original D、an individual【正确答案】A第25题【单选题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. _. Scientists also have learned that the nervous s

45、ystem sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow. A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals. B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain, and back down again. C、The first message is the war

46、ning signal. D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals 组成的，所以紧接着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第26题【单选题】【阅读选择】The system has several advantages. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about

47、 to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to scare away foxes. The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend

48、 all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep _. A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV inside B、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambs C、is the best way to protect the sheep D、usually di

49、sturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth.可知D项正确。第27题【单选题】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far

50、D、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】 这个房间很安静，除了偶尔从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。 A 以免、以防万一 B 除了以外 C 到目前为止 D 代替、而不是第28题【单选题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the t

51、ake-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the oce

52、an floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says”这个词，它预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比较新的也是比较好的模型。第29题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详细解答：根据

53、主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第30题【单选题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gr

54、avitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butte

55、r because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题定位词是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of but

56、ter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C项错在disappear。第31题【单选题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questionsSome people thought t

57、hat it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the areaA Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been foundThe scientists who rushe

58、d to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years oldAll the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT_ A、he was a soldier in World War I B、he was a Swiss womans long-lost father C、he was born about a thousand years ago D、he came from Italy【正确答案

59、】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第32题【单选题】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑暗。【详细解答】A 分配，拨出 B 收养，过继 C 应用，申请 D 调整，使适合第33题【单选题】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our on

60、ly_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。A 挑衅、侵犯；B 优势、优点；C 选择、取舍；D 野心、抱负。第34题【单选题】【阅读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to di