新编英语教程6课文原文

1、UnitOneTEXTITwoWordstoAvoid,TwotoRememberArthurGordonNothinginlifeismoreexcitingandrewardingthanthesuddenflashofinsightthatleavesyouachangedpersonnotonlychanged,butchangedforthebetter.Suchmomentsarerare,certainly,buttheycometoallofus.Sometimesfromabook,asermon,alineofpoetry.Sometimesfromafriend2 Tha

2、twintryafternooninManhattan,waitinginthelittleFrenchrestaurant,Iwasfeelingfrustratedanddepressed.Becauseofseveralmiscalculationsonmypart,aprojectofconsiderableimportanceinmylifehadfallenthrough.Eventheprospectofseeingadearfriend(theOldMan,asIprivatelyandaffectionatelythoughtofhim)failedtocheermeasit

3、usuallydid.Isattherefrowningatthecheckeredtablecloth,chewingthebittercudofhindsight.3Hecameacrossthestreet,finally,muffledinhisancientovercoat,shapelessfelthatpulleddownoverhisbaldhead,lookingmorelikeanenergeticgnomethananeminentpsychiatrist.Hisofficeswerenearby;Iknewhehadjustlefthislastpatientofthe

4、day.Hewascloseto80,buthestillcarriedafullcaseload,stillactedasdirectorofalargefoundation,stilllovedtoescapetothegolfcoursewheneverhecould.3 Bythetimehecameoverandsatbesideme,thewaiterhadbroughthisinvariablebottleofale.Ihadnotseenhimforseveralmonths,butheseemedasindestructibleasever.Well,ywithoutprel

5、iminary,“whatstroublingyou?51 hadlongsinceceasedtobesurprisedathisperceptiveness.SoIproceededtotellhim,atsomelength,justwhatwasbotheringme.Withakindofmelancholypride,Itriedtobeveryhonest.Iblamednooneelseformydisappointment,onlymyself.Ianalyzedthewholething,allthebadjudgments,thefalsemoves.Iwentonfor

6、perhaps15minutes,whiletheOldMansippedhisaleinsilence.52 henIfinished,heputdownhisglass.“Comeon,hesaid.Letsgobacktomy53 Youroffice?Didyouforgetsomething?54 “No,hesaidmildly.“Iwantyourreactiontosomething.Thatsall.9Achillrainwasbeginningtofalloutside,buthisofficewaswarmandcomfortableandfamiliar:book-li

7、nedwalls,longleathercouch,signedphotographofSigmundFreud,taperecorderbythewindow.Hissecretaryhadgonehome.Wewerealone.55 TheOldMantookatapefromaflatcardboardboxandfitteditontothemachine.hesaid,“arethreeshortrecordingsmadebythreepersonswhocametomeforhelp.Theyarenotidentified,ofcourse.Iwantyoutolistent

8、otherecordingsandseeifyoucanpickoutthetwo-wordphrasethatisthecommondenominatorinallthreecases.Hesmiled.Dontlookso_reasons.iiWhattheownersofthevoicesonthetapehadincommon,itseemedtome,wasunhappiness.Themanwhospokefirstevidentlyhadsufferedsomekindofbusinesslossorfailure;heberatedhimselffornothavingwork

9、edharder,fornothavinglookedahead.Thewomanwhospokenexthadnevermarriedbecauseofasenseofobligationtoherwidowedmother;sherecalledbitterlyallthemaritalchancesshehadletgoby.Thethirdvoicebelongedtoamotherwhoseteen-agesonwasintroublewiththepolice;sheblamedherselfendlessly.56 TheOldManswitchedoffthemachinean

10、dleanedbackinhischair.Sixtimesinthojaphraseisusedthatsfullofsubtlepoison.Didyouspotit?No?Well,perhapsthatthreetimesyourselfdownintherestaurantalittlewhieago.Hepickeduptheboxthathadheldthetapeandtosseditovertome.“Theretheyare,rightonthelabel.Thetwosaddestwordsinanylanguag131 lookeddown.Printedneatlyi

11、nredinkwerethewords:Ifonly.132 “Youdbeamazed,saidthean,difyouknewhowmanythousandsoftimesIvesalchairandlistenedtowoefulsentencesbeginningwiththosetwowords.Ifonly,thdoneitdifferently-ornotdoneitatall.IfonlyIhadntlostmytemper,thaig,theadethatdishonestmove,toldthatfoolishlie.IfonlyIhadbeenwiser,ormoreun

12、selfish,ormoreself-controlled.TheygoonandonuntilIstopthem.SometimesImakethemlistentotherecordingsyoujustheard.only,Isaytothem,youdfstolyswyingightbegintogetsomewhere!15TheOldManstretchedouthislegs.Thetroublewithifonly,hesaid,anything.Itkeepsthepersonfacingthewrongwaybackwardinsteadofforward.Itwastes

13、time.Intheend,ifyouletitbecomeahabit,itcanbecomearealroadblock,anexcusefornottryinganymore.133 Nowtakeyourowncase:yourplansdidntworkout.Why?BecauseyoumadecertainmisWell,thatsallright:everyonemakestakes.Mistakesarewhatwelearnfrom.Butwhenyouweretellingmeaboutthem,lamentingthis,regrettingthat,youwerent

14、reallylearningfromth134 Howdoyouknow?Isaid,abitdefensively.135 Because,saidtheOldMan,“younever崛pastDfense.Notoncedidyoumentionthefuture.Andinaway-behonest,now!youwereenjoyingit.Theresaperversestreakinallofusmakesusliketohashoveroldmistakes.Afterall,whenyourelatethestoryofsomedisasterordisappointment

15、thathashappenedtoyou,yourestillthechiefcharacter,stillinthecenterofthestc19Ishookmyheadruefully.Well,whatstheremedy?2.“Shiftthefocus,“saidtheOldManpromptly.Changethekeywordsandsubstituteasuppliesliftinsteadofcreatingdrag.21Doyouhavesuchaphrasetorecommend?136 Certainly.Strikeoutthewordsifonly;substit

16、utethephrasenexttime.“Thatsright.Iveseenitworkminormiraclesrighthereinth两spolg.asapatientkeeps24saying137 Nexttime?ifonlytome,hesintrouble.Butwhenhelooksmeintheeyeandsaysonhiswaytoovercominghisproblem.Itmeanshehasdecidedtoapplythelessonshehaslearnedfromhisexperience,howevergrimorpainfulitmayhavebeen

17、.Itmeanshegoingtopushasidetheroadblockofregret,moveforward,takeaction,resumeliving.Tryityourself.You138 yoldfriendstoppedspeaking.Outside,Icouldheartherainwhisperingagainstthewindowpane.Itriedslidingonephraseoutofmymindandreplacingitwiththeother.Itwasfanciful,ofcourse,butIcouldhearthenewwordslockint

18、oplacewithanaudibleclick139 heOldManstoodupabitstiffly.Well,classdisnbiseB(gOPhstoseeyou,youngman.Alwaysis.Now,ifyouwillhelpmefindataxi,Iprobablyshouldbegettingonhome.27Wecameoutofthebuildingintotherainynight.Ispottedacruisingcabandrantowardit,butanotherpedestrianwasquicker.28“My,my,saidtheOldMansly

19、ly.“Ifonlywehadcomedowntensecondssooner,wechavecaughtthatcab,wouldntwe?29Ilaughedandpickedupthecue.NexttimeIllrunfaster.30“Thatsit,criedtheOldMan,pullinghisabsurdhatdownaroundhisears.31Anothertaxislowed.Iopenedthedoorforhim.Hesmiledandwavedasitmovedaway.Ineversawhimagain.Amonthlater,hediedofsuddenhe

20、artattack,infullstride,sotospeak.32MorethanayearhaspassedsincethatrainyafternooninManhattan.Buttothisday,wheneverIfindmyselfthinking“ifonly,Ichangeitto“nexttime.The-pIewGepfPriehmtealNmPstclick.AndwhenIhearit,IthinkoftheOldMan.33Asmallfragmentofimmortality,tobesure.Butitsthekindhewouldhavewanted.Fro

21、m:JamesI.Brown,pp.146-148.UnitTwoTEXTITheFineArtofPuttingThingsOffMichaelDemarest1Neverputofftilltomorrow,“exhortedLordChesterfieldin1749,“whatyoucartheelegantearlnevergotaroundtomarryinghissonsmotherandhadabadhabitofkeepinglikeDr.Johnsoncoolingtheirheelsforhoursinananteroomatteststothefactthatevent

22、hemostwell-intentionedmenhavebeenpostponersever.QuintusFabiusMaximus,oneofthegreatRomangenerals,wasdubbedCunctator(Delayer)forputtingoffbattleuntilthelastpossiblevinumbreak.MosespleadedaspeechdefecttorationalizehisreluctancetodeliverJehovahsedictofcourse,raisedprocrastinationtoanartform.2Theworldisp

23、robablyaboutevenlydividedbetweendelayersanddo-it-nowers.TherearethosewhopreparetheirincometaxesinFebruary,prepaymortgagesandservepreciselyplanneddinnersatanungodly6:30.Theotherhalfdinehappilyonleftoversat9or10,misplacebillsandfileforanextensionoftheincometaxdeadline.Theyseldompaycredit-cardbillsunti

24、ltheapocalypticvoiceofDinersthreatensdoomfromDenver.Theypostpone,asFaustianencounters,visitstobarbershop,dentistordoctor.3Yetforallthetroubleprocrastinationmayincur,delaycanofteninspireandreviveacreativesoul.JeanKerr,authorofmanysuccessfulnovelsandplays,saysthatshereadseverysoup-canandjam-jarlabelin

25、herkitchenbeforesettlingdowntohertypewriter.Manyawriterfocusesonalmostanythingbuthistask-forexample,ontheCoastandGeodeticSurveyofMaineFrenchmanBayandBarHarbor,stimulatinghisimaginationwithnameslikeGooginsLedge,BluntsPond,HioHillandBurntPorcupine,LongPorcupine,SheepPorcupineandBaldPorcupineislands.4F

26、romCunctatorsdayuntilthiscentury,theartofpostponementhadbeenvirtuallyamonopolyofthemilitary(Hurryipandwait“diplomacyandthelaw.Informertimes,aBritishproconsulfacedwithanativeuprisingcouldcomfortablyruminateaboutthesituationwithSingaporeSlinginhand.Blessedly,hehadnonatteringTelextoorderinmachinegunsan

27、dfreshtroops.generalaslateasWorldWarIIcouldagreewithhisenemycounterparttotakeasportingdayoff,lootthevillagerswineandgobacktobattleadaylater.Lawyersareamongtheworldmostaddictedpostponers.AccordingtoFrankNathan,anonpostponingBeverlyHilsinsurancesalesman,“Thenumberofattornwhodiewithoutawillisamazing.5E

28、venwherethereisnowill,thereisaway.Thereisadifference,ofcourse,betweenchronicprocrastinationandpurposefulpostponement,particularlyinthehigherechelonsofbusiness.Corporatedynamicsencouragethecautionthatbreedsdelay,saysRichardManderbach,BankofAmericagroupvicepresident.Henotesthatspeedyactioncanbeembarra

29、ssingorextremelycostly.Thedataexplosionfortifiesthoseseekingexcusesforinactionanotherreporttoberead,anotherauthoritytobeconsulted.“Theresalways,saysManderbach,“adelicateedgebetweenhavingenoughinformationandtoomuch.6Hispointiswelltaken.Bureaucratization,whichflourishedamidthegrowingburdensofgovernmen

30、tandthegreatcomplexityofsociety,wasdesignedtosmotherpolicymakersinblanketsoflegalism,compromiseandreappraisal-andtherebypreventhastydecisionsfrombeingmade.ThecentralizationofgovernmentthatledtoWatergatehasspreadtoeconomicinstitutionsandbeyond,makingprocrastinationaworldwidewayoflife.Manylanguagesare

31、studdedwithphrasesthatrefertoputtingthingsoff-fromtheSpanishmananatotheArabicbukrafilmishmish(literallytomorrowinapricots,“moreloosely“leaveitforthesoftspringweatherwhentheapricotsareblooming7Academealsotakeshighhonorsinprocrastination.BernardSklar,aUniversityofSouthernCaliforniasociologistwhochurns

32、outthreetofivepagesofwritingaday,admitsthat“manyfmyfriendsgothroughagonieswhentheyfaceablankpage.Thereareallsortsofrationalizations:thepressureofteaching,responsibilitiesathome,checkingoutthelatestbook,lookingupanotherfootnote.8Psychologistsmaintainthatthemostassiduousprocrastinatorsarewomen,thoughm

33、anypsychologistsare(at$50plusanhour)prettygooddelayersthemselves.Dr.RalphGreenson,aprofessorofclinicalpsychiatry(andMarilynMonroenetimeshrink),takesafairlygentleviewofprocrastination.“Tomanypeople,hesays,“doingsomething,confronting,isthemomentoffrightenedpeoplewillthenavoidthemomentoftruthentirely,o

34、revadeorpostponeituntilthelastpossiblemoment.ToGeortjaieSPsychologistJoenFagan,however,procrastinationmaybeakindofsubliminalwayofsortingtheimportantfromthetrivial.“Whendragmyfeet,thereusuallysomereason,saysFagan.“Ifeelit,butIdontyetknowtherealreason.91nfact,thereisalongandhonorablehistoryofprocrasti

35、nationtosuggestthatmanyideasanddecisionsmaywellimproveifpostponed.Itissomethingofatruismthattoputoffmakingadecisionisitselfadecision.Theparliamentaryprocessisessentiallyasystemofdelayanddeliberation.So,forthatmatter,isthecreationofagreatpainting,oranentreorabook,orabuildinglikeBlenheimPalace,whichto

36、oktheDuckofMarlboroughsarchitectsandlaborers15yearstocohnsthecprocess,thedesigncanmellowandmarinate.Indeed,hurrycanbetheassassinofelegance.AsT.H.White,authorofSwordsintheStoneoncewrote,time“isnotmeanttobedevouredinanhouroraday,buttobeconsumeddelicatelyandgraduallyandwithouthaste.Inotherwords,paceLor

37、dChesterfield,whatyoudontnecessarilyhavetodotoday,byallmeansputoffuntiltomorrow.From:G.Levin,4thed.,pp.429-434UnitThreeTEXTIWallsandBarriersEugeneRaskinr/Crd1Myfatherreactiontothebankbuildingat43StreetandFifthAvenueinNewYorkCitywasimmediateanddefinite:Youwontcatchmeputtingmythnoreeyinhedeclared.Noti

38、nthatglabox!20fcourse,myfatherisagentlemanoftheoldschool,amemberofthegenerationtowhomagooddealofmodernarchitectureisunnerving;butIsuspectImorethansuspect,Iamconvincedthathisnegativeresponsewasnotsomuchtothearchitectureastoaviolationofhisconceptofthenatureofmoney.3 1nhisgenerationmoneywasthoughtofasa

39、tangiblecommodit厂bullion,banknotes,coins-thatcouldbehefted,carried,orstolen.Consequently,toattractthecustomofasensibleman,abankhadtohaveheavywalls,barredwindows,andbronzedoors,toaffirmthefact,howeveruntrue,thatmoneywouldbesafeinside.Ifabuildingsdesignmadeitappearimpregnable,theinstitutionwasnecesoun

40、d,andthemeaningoftheheavywallasanarchitecturalsymboldweltintheprevailingattitudetowardmoney,ratherthaninanyaesthetictheory.dButthatattitudetowardmoneyhasofcoursechanged.Exceptingpocketmoney,cashofanykindisnowrarelyused;moneyasatangiblecommodityhaslargelybeenreplacedbycredit,abookkeeping-bankingmatte

41、r.Adeficiteconomy,accompaniedbyhugeexpansion,hasledustothinkofmoneyasaproductofthecreativeimagination.Thebankernolongeroffersusasafe,heoffersusaserviceaserviceinwhichthemostvaluableelementsaredashandacreativeflairfortheinventionoflargenumbers.Itisinnowaysurprising,inviewofthischangeinattitude,thatwe

42、arewitnessingthedisappearanceoftheheavy-walledbank.TheManufacturesTrust,whichmyfatherdistrustedsoheartily,isagreatcubicalcageofglasswhosebrilliantlylightedinteriorchallengeseventhebrightnessofasunnyday,whilethedoortothevault,farfrombeingsecludedandguarded,issetoutasawindowdisplay.5Justastheolderbank

43、asserteditsinvulnerability,thisbankbyitsarchitectureboastsofitsimaginativepowers.Fromthispointofviewitishardtodaywherearchitectureendsandhumanassertionbegins.Infact,thereisnosuchdivision;thetwoareoneandthesame.6 1tisintheunderstandingofarchitectureasamediumfortheexpressionofhumanattitudes,prejudices

44、,taboos,andidealsthatthenewarchitecturalcriticismdepartsfromclassicalaesthetics.Thelatterrelieduponpureproportion,composition,etc.,asbasesforartisticjudgment.Intheageofsociologyandpsychology,walsarenotsimplywallsbutphysicalsymbolsofthebarriersinmens7 1naprimitivesociety,forexample,menpicturedtheworl

45、daslarge,fearsome,hostile,andbeyondhumancontrol.Thereforetheybuiltheavywallsofhugeboulders,behindwhichtheycouldfeelthemselvestobeinadelimitedspacethatwascontrollableandsafe;theseheavywallsexpressedmanfearoftheouterworldandhisneedtofindprotection,howeverillusory.Itmightbearguedthattheundevelopedtechn

46、ologyoftheperiodprecludedtheconstructionofmoredelicatewalls.Thisisofcoursetrue.Still,itwasnottechnology,butafearfulattitudetowardtheworld,whichmadepeoplewanttobuildwallsinthefirstplace.Thegreaterthefear,theheavierthewall,untilinthetombsofancientkingswefindstructuresthatarepracticallyallwall,thefearo

47、fdissolutionbeingtheultimatefear.8Andthenthereisthequestionofprivacyforithasbecomequestionable.InsomeMediterraneanculturesitwasnotsomuchtheworldofnaturethatwasfeared,buttheworldofmen.Menweredirty,prying,vile,anddangerous.Onewentabout,ifonecouldaffordit,inguardedlitters,womenwentaboutheavilyveiled,if

48、theywentaboutatall.OneshousewasvsuHrcanddeeiboomsfacednotout,butin,towardapatio,expressingtheprevalentconvictionthatthebeautiesandvaluesoflifeweretobefoundbylookinginward,andbyengagingintheintimateactivitiesofapersonalasagainstapubliclife.Therichintricaciesofthedecorativeartsoftheperiod,aswellasitsc

49、ontemplativephilosophies,areasillustrativeofthisattitudeasthewallsthemselves.9Wefeeldifferenttoday.Foronething,weplacegreaterrelianceuponthecontrolofhumanhostility,notsomuchbyphysicalbarriers,asbytheconventionsoflawandsocialpracticeaswellastheavailabilityofmotorizedpolice.Wedonotcherishprivacyasmuch

50、asdidourancestors.Weareproudtohaveourwomenseenandadmired,andthesamegoesforourhomes.Wedonotseeksolitude;infact,ifwefindourselvesaloneforonce,weflickaswitchandinvitethewholeworldinthroughthetelevisionscreen.Smallwonder,then,thattheheavysurroundingwallisobsolete,andwebuild,instead,membranesofthinsheetm

51、etalorglass.10Theprincipalfunctionoftodaywallistoseparatepossiblyundesirableoutsideairfromthecontrolledconditionsoftemperatureandhumiditywhichwehavecreatedinside,Glassmayaccomplishthisfunction,thoughthereareapparentlyagoodmanypeoplewhostillhavequalmsabouteating,sleeping,anddressingunderconditionsofh

52、ighvisibility;theydemandwallsthatwillatleastgivethemasenseofadequatescreening.Buttheseshyonesareavanishingbreed.ThePhilipJohnsonhouseinConnecticut,whichismuchadmiredandwidelyimitated,hasglasswallsallthewayaround,andtheonlyrealprivacyistobefoundinthebathroom,thetoilettetaboobeingstillunbroken,atleast

53、inConnecticut.11Torepeat,itisnotouradvancedtechnology,butourchangingconceptionsofourselvesinrelationtotheworldthatdeterminehowweshallbuildourwalls.Theglasswallexpressesmanhecananddoesmasternatureandsociety.The“openplanandtheunobstructedviewarechisfaithintheeventualsolutionofallproblemsthroughtheexpa

54、ndingeffortsofscience.Thisisperhapswhyitisthemostadvanced“andlookifogwardamonguswholiveandworkinglassihses.Eventhefearofthecaststonehasbeenanalyzedoutofus.From:T.Cooley,pp.194-199UnitFourTEXTITheLady,ortheTiger?PartIFrankR.Stockton1Intheveryoldentimetherelivedasemi-barbaricking,whoseideas,thoughsome

55、whatpolishedandsharpenedbytheprogressivenessofdistantLatinneighbors,werestilllarge,florid,anduntrammeled,asbecomethehalfofhimwhichwasbarbaric.Hewasamanofexuberantfancy,and,withal,ofanauthoritysoirresistiblethat,athiswill,heturnedhisvariedfanciesintofacts.Hewasgreatlygiventoself-communing;and,whenhea

56、ndhimselfagreeduponanything,thethingwasdone.Wheneverymemberofhisdomesticandpoliticalsystemsmovedsmoothlyinitsappointedcourse,hisnaturewasblandandgenial;butwhenevertherewasalittlehitch,andsomeofhisorbsgotoutoftheirorbits,hewasblanderandmoregenialstill,fornothingpleasedhimsomuchastomakethecrookedstrai

57、ght,andcrushdownunevenplaces.2Amongtheborrowednotionsbywhichhisbarbarismhadbecomesemifiedwasthatofthepublicarena,inwhich,byexhibitionofmanlyandbeastlyvalor,themindsofhissubjectswererefinedandcultured.3Butevenheretheexuberantandbarbaricfancyasserteditself.Thearenaofthekingwasbuilt,nottogivethepeoplea

58、nopportunityofhearingtherhapsodiesofdyinggladiators,nortoenablethemtoviewtheinevitableconclusionofaconflictbetweenreligiousopinionsandhungryjaws,butforpurposesfarbetteradaptedtowidenanddevelopthementalenergiesofthepeople.Thevastamphitheater,withitsencirclinggalleries,itsmysteriousvaults,anditsunseen

59、passages,wasanagentofpoeticjustice,inwhichcrimewaspunished,orvirtuerewarded,bythedecreesofanimpartialandincorruptiblechance.dWhenasubjectwasaccusedofacrimeofsufficientimportancetointeresttheking,publicnoticewasgiventhatonanappointeddaythefateoftheaccusedpersonwouldbedecidedinthekingastructurewhichwell