高考英语冠词全国卷考情分析(8页)

1、高考英语冠词全国卷考情分析全国卷考情分析题型分 类典题试做命题解读语法填 空1 .（2017 年全国卷 I ）As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.2 . （2017年全国卷 H）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over _the top近五年高考对冠词的 考查主要集中在冠词 表泛指、特指的基本用 法以及常见的固定搭 配中的冠词上。

2、短文改 错1. （2017 年全国卷 H ）They live far from the school, and it takes them about man/one hour and a half to go to work every day.2. （2017年全国卷 HI）Around me Ain thi /th picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time： car magazines and musical instruments1 .不aE冠词a和an的 错用；2 .不定冠词a(n

3、)和定 冠词the的错用；3 .单数可数名词前冠 词的缺失；4 .冠词的多余；5 .常见固定搭配中冠 词的缺失与多余。精剖析语法突破I(对应学生用书第228页)I考点1不定冠词先试做题组1 .单句语法填空1. （2017 年重庆一中月考）“The match between these two teams is great, " said Jim, and I hope to see_a second2. （2015年四川高考）Brian is gifted in writing music ; he is very likely to be a Beethovenn.单句改错（20

4、17 年山东临沐一中月考 ）In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry 在第二个car前加a再解读要点不定冠词用于表示泛指，一般修饰单数可数名词，有 a和an两 种形式。当紧跟冠词的名词的第一个音素是辅音音素 （不是辅音字母） 时，用不定冠词a;当紧跟冠词的名词的第一个音素是元音音素（不是 元音字母）时，用不定冠词an。1.不定冠词的基本用法（1）用作可数名词单数前，泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。It is generally ac

5、cepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.人们普遍认为男孩子必须学会像男人那样站起来战斗。（2）用在专有名词前表示“某一个"，相当于a certain。Excuse me would you please give the iPad to John?打扰一下，请你把这个iPad给约翰好吗？ Sorry, but I don't think there's a John in our class.对不起，但是我认为在我们班里没有叫约翰的。（3）用在“be+ of+a/an+名词”结构中，表

6、示“同一，相同”时，相 当于of the sam叶名词。The two plants look different, but they are of a kind (= of the same kind).这两种植物看上去不同，但属于同一类。2不定冠词的活用(1)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。(北京高考)First impressions are the most lastin.gAfter all ， you never geta secondchance to makea first impression.最初的印象最持久。毕竟，你不可能有机会给别人再留下一个第一印象。(2)不定冠词可

7、以用于某些具体化的抽象名词前，常考的具体化的抽象名词：success， failure， surprise， pleasure， beauty， pity， danger，comfort, honour等。(山东高考)Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.在艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人感到欣慰的事。(3)有些不可数名词如 knowledge, collection, understanding等后面力口of. 时， 前面需用不定冠词a/an。 have a (good) knowle

8、dge o.f. “精通“； have a (clear/good) understanding of. ”了解”。(2017年烟台模拟)If you don' t have a good knowledge of English， it' s out of the question for you to use it flexibly and fluently.如果你不精通英语，那么何谈灵活而流利地运用它呢！3用于固定搭配中all of a sudden 突然地 at a 10ss不知所措；困惑 be/go on a diet 节食 make a fool of 愚弄 mak

9、e a living 谋生 once in a while 偶尔 have a gift for 在 have a word with 与as a matter of fact事实上 pay a visit to 参观；拜访 give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车in a hurry 匆忙地a waste of. 浪费keep an eye on 留意；留神方面有天赋谈话in a way从某种意义上说as a result/consequenceH 止匕I考点2|先试做题组I .单句改错（2017 年江西南昌联考）They only eat what they like and neve

10、r touch food they don't like even if they really need it for their health.food 前力口 then.单句语法填空1. （2017 年山东寿光现代中学月考）The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see them pass by2. 比较应用 Xiamen is the most beautiful coastal city I have ever seen so that I will come aga

11、in. Qingdao is a most beautiful coastal city and I believe I will come for a second time再解读要点1 .定冠词的基本用法（1）指双方都知道的人或物，或特指的人或物的名词前。（2015 年重庆高考）I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名 持枪蒙面人抢劫了。（2）用于某些形容词或分词前，表示一类人。（2016年四川高考）We' re not saying

12、that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor,我们并不是说每个人都需要为穷人贡献自己的 一切。用于序数词、形容词、副词的最高级以及形容词only, very, same前，以及对两个人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前。（陕西高考）As is known to all, the People s Republic of China is thebiggest developing country in the world.众所周知，中华人民共和国是 世界上最大的发展中国家。This book is the better on

13、e of the two.这本书是这两者中较好的那一本。易错警示a与most连用，位于形容词前时，most是表示程度的副词，意为“非 常”；the与most连用，位于形容词或副词前时，most是最高级的标 志，意为“最的”。(4)用于“by+the+表示计量单位的名词(day/hour/dozen等)”结构中, 表示“按计算”。但 size, weight这类名词跟by连用时不加定冠词。He was surprised to find that books are soldby weight in this bookstore, that is, by the kilogram.他惊奇地发现在

14、这家书店书是按重量来卖，也就是说是按公斤来卖的(5)用于“动词(hit, strike, pull, take 等)+ sb. + 介词 + the+表示身体部位的名词”结构中，其中的the不可用物主代词代替。hit sb. on the head打某人的头 pull /take sb. by the hand拉/抓住某人的手 strike sh in the face打某人的脸2 .用于固定搭配中at the moment止匕亥ll,目前 in the way阻碍；挡路 not in the least 一点也不 the other day 几天之前 to the point中肯; 切题by

15、 the way顺便说一下in the distance 在远处on the contrary与止匕相反on the other hand 另一方面take the place of 代替go to the cinema/theate去看电影 /戏居U in the habit of 有的习惯make the most/best of 充分利J用to tell （you） the truth（跟你）说实话for the time being 暂时I考点3|零冠词 先试做题组单句改错1. （2017年四川成都外国语学校月考）I told him I could not go to the col

16、lege because I did not want to study anymore掉 the2. （2017 年福建福州十三中期中 ）How are you? Today I've got a wonderful news to tell you.去掉 a3. Sam has been appointed the manager of the engineering department to take the place of George去掉manager前的the再解读要点1.零冠词的基本用法（1）用于不含普通名词的纯专有名词或表示泛指的抽象名词、物质名 词、不可数名词或复

17、数名词前。（2015年福建高考）Human life is regarded as part ofnature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，因此我们生存的唯一方式就是要与 自然和谐相处。（江西高考）The Smiths don't usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by the se

18、a史密斯夫妇通常不喜欢住旅馆，但去年夏天他们在海边的一个很舒适 的旅馆住了几天。（2）名词前已有 this, that, my, your, some, each, no, any 等指示 代词、物主代词、不定代词作定语时不用冠词。Each student must hand in his（her） exercise book by the end of this week.每个学生必须在本周末交作业本。(3)表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补语时，其前通常用零冠词。(四川高考)Dr. Peter Spence headmasterof the school, told us, “A fi

19、fth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge”这所学校的校长彼得 斯彭斯博士告诉我们说，“这里五分之一的学生都会到牛津大学或者剑桥大学继续学习。”(4)用于表示无特指意义的季节、月份、日期、星期和三餐的名词，及球类、棋类和学科名词前。Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us a useful knowledge of things in the past在所有科目中，我最喜欢历史，因为我们可以从中了解许多过去的有 益的知识。2.用于固定搭配中 on/catch fire 着火by chance/acciden碰巧 under repair在维修中 do harm to对有害in place在正确位置 in return作为回报： ahead of time 提前 lose heart 灰心by mistake错误地 in histor