考研英语阅读理解典型范文含译文翻译版

考研英语阅读理解典型范文含译文翻译版

Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourlives

waiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhat

doesitmeantoansocietylikeours?Toanswerthesequestions

correctly,let1stakealookatthreetypesof“waits".

TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itis

withoutdoubtthemosttiringofall.Takefillingupthe

kitchensinkasanexample.Thereisnothingyoucandowhile

thisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilitzsfull.

Duringthesewaits,thebraingetsawayfromthebodyand

wandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeof

thecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthe

waiterhelplessandmindless.

AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.This

onerequiressomerules.Properlypreparingpackagednoodle

souprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareclearindetails.

“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmer（炖）three

minutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.z,Ihave

mydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheprocesses

strictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.

Perhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingis

theLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisfor

themostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalso

voluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoes

notnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.

Turningone'slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresbeliefand

hope,andisquiteusefulfortheoptimists（乐观主义）amongus.

Onthesurfaceitseemsassillyasfollowingthedirectionson

soupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoare

willingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn,tcometodependonit,

wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.

Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenext

timeyou（restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhile

cookingnoodlesoupthatyou*IIhavetoeatuntilalargebagof

cashfallsoutofthesky,don,tbehopeless.You'reprobablyjust

asbusyasthenextguy.

我曾在哪里读到过，我们一生中有三分之一的时间都在等待。但我

们在哪里等待，这对我们这样的群体意味着什么?为了正确地回答这些

问题，让我们来看看三种类型的“等待"。

最纯粹的等待方式是"守望水的等待"。毫无疑问，这是最令人厌

倦的。以填满厨房水槽为例。在这期间你什么也做不了，只能把两只眼

睛盯着水槽，直到它满了。在这些等待过程中，大脑离开身体，四处游

荡，直到水溢出柜台边缘，流到你的袜子上。这样的等待让服务员很无

助，也很盲目。

跟"守望水的等待”的不相上下的是“强迫等待"。这需要一些规

则。正确准备包装面汤需要强制等待。细节很明确。取三杯水烧开，加

入混合料，小火煮三分钟，熄火，静置五分钟。我怀疑是否有人真的严

格遵循了流程。毕竟，"强制等待"需要耐心。

也许最强大的等待类型是"期待幸运”的等待。这种等待是不寻常

的，因为它在很大程度上是自愿的。不像强制等待，这也是自愿的"期

待幸运"的等待不一定意味着它会发生。

把人生变成一场等待的游戏需要信念和希望，这对我们当中的乐观

主义者来说是非常有用的。从表面上看，这似乎和按照配方做汤一样愚

蠢，但是“期待幸运”的等待很适合那些愿意这样做的人。只要一个人

不依赖它，希望一些好事发生不会伤害任何人。我们确实花了很多时间

等待。下次当你站在水槽边等着水满的时候，当你正在做一份马上要吃

的面汤的时候，一大袋现金将从天而降，不要绝望。你可能和下一个人

一样忙。

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeen

thesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshave

foundpositiveeffects.AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,discovered

thatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime（犯罪）.In

another,workerswereshowntobe15%morewhentheir

workplaceswerebeautifiedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurtherchanging

theactualcomposition成分）ofplantsinordertogetthem

toperformdifferently,evenunusualusefulthingsthattheydo.

Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors（传感器）printedontotheir

leavestoshowwhenthey/reshortofwaterandaplantthat

candiscoverharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.

"We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplants

toreplacesomeofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,

"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineering

atMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（发光）

inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano*steam

foundthattheycouldcreateaweaklightforthree-and-a-half

hours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneeded

toreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldone

daybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesinto

self-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopthetechnology

andinventsomethingthatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesina

one-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant*slifetime.The

engineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”

wheretheglowwoulddisappeargraduallywhendaylight

appeared.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityused

upintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthe

powersource—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreet

lampsonahighwayfaraway—alotofenergyislostduring

sending.

人与植物之间的联系一直是科学研究的主题。最近的研究发现了积

极的影响。在俄亥俄州扬斯敦的一项研究发现，城市的绿色区域经历更少

的犯罪。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所用室内植物美化时，他们

的效率增加了15%。

麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们正在进一步改变植物的实际成分，以

让它们有不同的功能，甚至能做一些很不寻常的事情。包括将传感器印

到植物的叶子上，用来显示当他们什么时候会缺少水份，另外一种植物

还可以发现地下水中的有害化学物质。

麻省理工学院(MIT)化学工程教授迈克尔・斯特拉诺(Michael

Strano)解释说："我们正在考虑如何让植物取代我们日常使用的一些东

西。”

他的最新项目之一是在实验中用一些常见的蔬菜使植物发光。斯特

拉诺的团队发现，他们可以制造出持续三个半小时的弱光。这个光大约

是阅读所需光线的千分之一，这只是一个开始。斯特拉诺说，这项技术

有一天可以用来照亮房间，甚至可以把树木变成自动供电的路灯。

未来，该团队希望开发这项技术，并发明一种可以一次性喷洒到植

物叶片上的东西，这种东西可以持续植物的生命周期。工程师们还试图

开发一种开关，当日光出现时，光线会逐渐消失。

照明用电约占美国总用电的由于照明通常远离电源——比如

7%o

从发电厂到高速公路上的路灯的距离——在发送过程中会损失很多能

量。

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeen

thesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshave

foundpositiveeffects.AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,discovered

thatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrimeCB罪).In

another,workerswereshowntobe15%morewhentheir

workplaceswerebeautifiedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurtherchanging

theactualcomposition（成分）ofplantsinordertogetthem

toperformdifferently,evenunusualusefulthingsthattheydo.

Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors（彳专感器）printedontotheir

leavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthat

candiscoverharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.

"We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplants

toreplacesomeofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,

"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineering

atMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（发光）

inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano*steam

foundthattheycouldcreateaweaklightforthree-and-a-half

hours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneeded

toreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldone

daybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesinto

self-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopthetechnology

andinventsomethingthatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesina

one-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant*slifetime.The

engineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”

wheretheglowwoulddisappeargraduallywhendaylight

appeared.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityused

upintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfrom