高考语法-三大从句

高考英语重点语法回顾-------定语从句关系代词人物关系副词（状语）关系词的作用_________________________________that用法考点：_____________注意标点符号和连词、介词的作用，试做：Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,

______arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthem

B.mostofwhich

C.mostofwhat

D.mostofthat(08湖南)变化1Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors；

______arebeyondourcontrol.变化2Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,

and______arebeyondourcontrol.变化3Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,

______beyondourcontrol.考点1：关系代词还是副词1）Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.A.when B.where C.what D.which(04浙江)2)TheScienceMuseum,________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where（08江苏）3）Isthisthereason＿＿atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?(02上海春)A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplainedStephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetslifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose(10福建)5）InChina,thenumberofcitiesincreasingdevelopmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that(10重庆)6)Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.（11四川）A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where解题关键：____________________________whose的用法：___________________________考点2：介词+关系代词介词的选择1）Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.（10上海)A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich2)Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree______theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.A.withwhich B.towhich C.ofwhich D.forwhich(07重庆)3).Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,______hewentontoCambridge.(05山东) A.fromwhich B.afterthat C.afterwhich D.fromthis4）Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadourfurther,_______NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich(08四川)解题关键：_______________________________________________________________考点3:as、which用于非限制性定语从句1）_______isknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth．(NMET01)

A．ThatB．ItC．WhichD．As2)Ａlotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.（12安徽）A.asB.itC.whichD.this解题关键：_________________________________as用法归纳：_______________________________难点1：分隔式定语从句Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where（01全国）解题关键：_______________________________________________________________难点2：带有插入语的定语从句—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone__youknowIusedtoworkforyears.(05福建）A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what解题关键：_______________________________________________________________难点3抽象名词做先行词1).It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_____theycanseethemselvesdifferently．

A．thatB．whenC．whichD．where(09福建)2)Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.when（06山东）3)

---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?---Yes，there’sonepoint___wemustinsiston．(06江西)A．whyB．whereC．howD．/4)Icanthinkofmanycases_______studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.(03上海)A.why B.which C.as D.where5)Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes_____peoplewereeatenbythetiger.(05广东)A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that6)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity___sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whose C.which D.where（07天津）7)Careofthesoulisagradualprocess____eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A.whatB.inwhatC.whichD.inwhich(12湖南)8）Salesdirectorisaposition___communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.(12重庆)A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解题关键：_______________________________________________________________冰点1介词+关系副词的定语从句（解题关键：特殊情况特殊处理）Thebookwaswrittenin1946,__theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.A．when

B．duringwhich

C．sincethen

D．sincewhen（07山东）冰点2which作定语Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,____hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents'Union.（05重庆）A.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime冰点3定语从句的省略Frank'sdreamwastohavehisownshop____toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.（05湖南）A.that B.inwhich C.bywhich D.how冰点4先行词类别难以判断（人还是物、时间还是地点）1Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,shewantedtobe.(05湖北). A.who B.thatC.whatD.which2）Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,____urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.which B.who C.whereD.what(12江苏)3)Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,__________theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.（11江苏）A．When B．Where C．that D．which4)She’llneverforgetherstaythere____shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when(09四川)沸点：和其他从句的区别1)---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?

---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.（07山东）

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when2)Hisplanwassuchagoodone______weallagreedtoacceptit.(06陕西)A.asB.thatC.soD.and3)JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where(06广东)4)Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence______smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.（11天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where山东8年高考定语从句回顾1.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof___havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.（12山东）A.themB.thatC.whichD.what2.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.（11山东） A.they B.where C.what D.that3.That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(10山东).A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what4.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.(09山东)A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that5.Occasionsarequiterare____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.（08山东）

A.who

B.which

C.why

D.when6.---Wheredidyougettoknowher?---Itwasonthefarmweworked.（07山东）A．thatB．thereC．whichD．where7.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.（07年山东）A．whenB．duringwhichC．sincethenD．sincewhen8.We’rejusttryingtoteachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(06山东)A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which9.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,______hewentontoCambridge.（05山东）A.fromwhich B.afterthat C.afterwhich D.fromthis分析归纳预测:________________________________________________________________________________高考英语重点语法回顾----名词性从句复合句中具有名词性质并且可以做主语、表语、同位语或宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：__________（不充当从句的任何成分）。连接代词：___________（主、宾、表、定等）连接副词：_______________________（从句中作状语）一.考查引导词that与what/which等连接代词的区别1.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatetheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who(08北京)2.Perseveranceisakindofquality---andthat’s______ittakestodoanythingwell.（02上海）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why3.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(07上海)A.That B.WhatC.Whether D.Where4.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_____suitsyoubest.(12陕西)A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.wherever解题关键：_____________________________________________________________二．考察连接代词、副词的区别Itisnoneofyourbusiness______otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.(07福建)A.how

B.what

C.which

D.when

2.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where解题关键：_____________________________________________________________三．考察wh---和wh---ever及nomatterwh—的区别1.______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(08浙江)A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who

2.Wepromise_____attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever(12福建)3._______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.(06辽宁).A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.that4.---Couldyoudomeafavor?(06北京)---Itdependson______itis.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever5.Thehowtobookcanbeofhelpto

wantstodothejob.

(09陕西)A

who

Bwhomever

Cnomatterwho

Dwhoever解题关键：who_________________________whoever__________________________what________________________whatever__________________________wh--ever______________________nomatterwh----_____________________四．考察对上下文语境的理解1.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas___wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why(08天津)2.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s______thebestjobsare.（07浙江）A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why解题关键：_____________________________________________________________五．借名词性从句考察时态语序代词等1.Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhen__________andseehim.(05北京)A.youwillcome B.willyoucome C.youcome D.doyoucome2.TheForeignMinistersaid,"____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace."(04北京) A.Thisis B.Thereis C.Thatis D.Itis解题关键：_____________________________________________________________注意:语序在解题中的作用1.Theshockingnewsmademerealizeterribleproblemswewouldface.（11北京）A.whatB.howC.thatD.why2.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee_______useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.（11重庆）A.whoseB.WhatC.whichD.that3.Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren'sfuture.(04广东)A.thatB.how C.such D.so山东8年高考名词性从句回顾1.Itdoesn’tmatter_____youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.（12山东）A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why2.We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.（11山东） A.where B.what C.whether D.which3.I’mafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishinganything.（11山东）A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why4.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.(10山东).A.whyB.whatC.howD.which5._____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（08山东）

A.It

B.This

C.What

D.As6.CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSales,please?(07山东)A．anyoneB．someoneC．whoeverD．nomatterwho7.____teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.(06山东)A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichCWhateverD.whichever8.Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.(06山东)A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis9.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor______hethoughtwasnotenough.（05山东）A.whereB.howC.what D.which分析归纳预测:________________________________________________________________________________高考英语重点语法回顾------状语从句1．时间状语从句（重点：牢记相互区别的不同用法）引导时间状语从句的有：从属连词：when，as，while，before，after，since，till/until，assoonas，once，……等。名词短语：nexttime,everytime,themoment,theminute等等。1)as、when、while用法Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.WhileIunderstandwhatyousaid,Idon’tagreewithyou.Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.WewereabouttosetoffonourwaywhenitsuddenlybegantorainHehadjustfinishedhishomeworkwhensomeoneaskedhimtoplaybasketball.特别注意下列句子中when的含义：Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouhavegotsuchagoodone?Theykepttryingwhentheyknewitwashopeless.2).before:before的用法：before引导时间状语从句含义颇多，既可以表示“还未来得及…就…”，也可以表示“在……之后……才；“在……之前就……”等含义。Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredmebefore构成的固定句型Itwillbeayearbeforeyouleaveschool.ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagain.3)since：Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.（区别ItisthreeyearssinceIsmoked.）几种特殊句型结构的区别：1）Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since从句（一般过去时）“自从……以来有多长时间了。”（2）Itwillbe+时间段+before从句(一般现在时)“还要过多长时间……才/就会……”（3）Itwas+时间段+before从句（一般过去时）“过了多长时间才/就……”（4）Itis/was+时刻+when从句（一般过去时）“某事发生时是什么时候。”2．地点状语从句：地点状语从句由where，anywhere,wherever引导。where指“在---的地方”，wherever指“在---的任何地方”。3.原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，since，when(既然),nowthat（既然）等。注意：for表示的原因并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只是提供一些有利于说明情况的补充说明。且不可位于主句前。1)------Whywereyouabsentfromthemeeting?------BecauseIwasill.2)Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothepark.3)Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourclass.注意：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.4．目的状语从句：目的状语从句连词有：incase“以免，以防万一”，inorderthat“为了……，以便……”。sothat引导状语从句只能置于主句之后。inorderthat引导状语从句可放主句之前或之后。目的状语从句的谓语常含有can，could，may，might，would等情态动词。这也是与结果状语从句的一个区别。I’llspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstandme.Heputthenamedownincase/forfearthat/lestheshouldforget.5.结果状语从句(注意：sothat引导目的和结果状语从句的区别)结果状语从句的连词有：sothat，so…that…，such…that….结果状语放在主句之后。常见句型结构有：(1)so+形容词/副词+that从句；(2)sucha/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句;(3)so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句；（4）such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句Heworkedhardathislessons,sothathegainedhighgradesintheexams.Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.Hetoldussuchafunnystory/sofunnyastorythatwealllaughed.6．条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if,unless(=if…not如果不……，除非)，as/solongas,supposingthat,providedthat,incase（假使），onconditionthat(在……的条件下)等等。We’llgooutunlessitrains.(=ifitdoesn’train)Ishallletyououtas/solongasyoucomebackbefore9o’clock.Sendusamessageincaseyouhaveanytrouble.Onlyifitclearsup,we’llsetout.(比较：IfonlyIwereyou!)7．让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though/although（尽管），evenif/eventhough（即使），nomatterhow(what，-----)，however(whatever，----)（无论……），as（尽管），while（虽然，尽管）等。（1）Althoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarewarm-hearted.（2）I’llgetthereevenif(though)Ihavetosellmyhousetoget。（3）Don’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.Nomatterhow/howeverhardtheworkis,you’dbettertrytodoit(注意语序)（4）as也可以引导让步状语从句。1.Childassheis,sheknowsalot.2.Tryhemight,hecouldn’tfindajob.（5）whether…or…(无论。。。还是。。。)Wewillstartourmeetingwhetherhecomesornot.注意：（1)however引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。（3）while也可引导让步状语从句，只能位于主句前。8．方式状语从句：I’lldoasIamtoldto.Itlooksasif/asthoughitisgoingtorain.山东8年高考状语从句回顾1.Hesmiledpolitely____Maryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.（12山东）A.asB.ifC.unlessD.though2.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen____therewasnothingayearagobutruins.（12山东）A.whenB.whereC.beforeD.until3.Hehadhiscameraready______hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.(11山东)A.evenifB.ifonlyC.incaseD.sothat4.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,______accompaniedbyanadult.A.onceB.whenC.ifD.unless(10山东).5.—Shallwehaveourpicnictomorrow?(09山东)—______itdoesn’train.A.UntilB.WhileC.OnceD.If6.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_____kidscangetatit.（08山东）

A.evenif

B.which

C.where

D.sothat7Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(07山东)A．AsB．SinceC．IfD．While8.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything____youneverlisten?(06山东)A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.when9.Itwassometime______werealizedthetruth.（05山东）A.whenB.until C.since D.before分析归纳预测:________________________________________________________________________________十年高考五星真题体验1.（11重庆）Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoffwearetoshakehandswith.A.whicheverB.wheneverC.whoeverD.wherever2.（11福建）.ItwasApril29,2011PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.before3.(10重庆)Today,wewillbeginwestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.A.whenB.whereC.howD.what4.(10上海)youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.A.HoweveraseriousproblemB.WhataseriousproblemC.HoweverseriousaproblemD.Whatseriousaproblem5.(10上海)ourmanagerobjectstoTom'sjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.A.UntilB.UnlessCIfD.After6.(10四川).Becauseoftheheavytraffic，itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreak___shegottoheroffice.A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.until7.(10湖南).Timisingoodshapephysically______hedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.A.ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongas8.(10福建)Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreetherA.beforeB.untilC.asD.since9.(10北京)theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.A.AsB.WhileC.UntilD.Once10.(09安徽)—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefreethethirdcosts$30.A.whileB.untilC.whenD.before11.(09北京)Johnplaysbasketballwell,___hisfavoritesportisbadminton.A.soB.orC.yetD.for12.(09江苏)___unemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.A.Before B.Where C.Unless D.Until13.(09江西)Accordingtostatistics,amanismorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancer___awoman.A.thanB.suchC.soD.as14.(09全国II)Allthedishesinthismenu,_____otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.unless15.(09四川)Owenwouldn’teatanything____________hecookedithimselfA.untilB.sinceC.unlessD.while16.(09重庆)Peterwassoexcited_______hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitC