高考英语语法精讲精练冠词学生版

2012届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。1.指一类人或事，相当于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.有个男孩在等你。3.表示“每一”相当于every，oneWestudyeighthoursaday.4.表示“相同”相当于thesameWearenearlyofanage.5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn't______Mr.Smithhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.oneThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.（活雷锋）6.用于固定词组中acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7.用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8.用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→asuccess(具体化)成功的人或事afailure失败的人或事ashame带来耻辱的人或事apity可惜或遗憾的事amust必需必备的东西agoodknowledgeof精通掌握某一方面的知识10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。Inordertofindabetterjob,hedecidedtostudyasecondforeignlanguage.为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。1.表示某一类人或物InmanyplacesinChina,___bicycleisstill___popularmeansoftransportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?4.用于演奏乐器playtheviolin,playtheguitar5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人thereach,theliving,thewounded6.表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5）—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?

—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.

A.the;the B.the;a C./;the D.the;/7.用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.8.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench9.用于表示发明物的单数名词前ThecompasswasinventedinChina.10.在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代inthe1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)11.用于表示度量单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.12.用于方位名词，身体部位名词Hepattedmeontheshoulder.13.与比较级和最高级连用①比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越……”

Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.②表示两者间“较……的一个”比较级前加the。Whoistheolderofthetowboys?③三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.1.专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前BeijingUniversity,Jack,2.名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?3.季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring4.表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.5.表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.6.与by连用表示交通方式的名词前Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.A.the;the B.不填；the C.the;不填 D.不填；不填7.以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8.表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.冠词一般放在名词之前，名词之前若有形容词，冠词放在形容词之前。下列情况例外：1.不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后：as,how,however,so,too等。如：Heisasgoodasoldierashewas.他和以前一样是个好士兵。2.不定冠词置于such,what,many,not,too,muchof等之后。如：Manyalittlepicklemakesanickel.积少成多。3.定冠词通常放在all,both,double,exactly,just等词之后。如：Iofferedhimdoubletheamount，buthestillrefused.4.不定冠词常用于quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容词修饰时，不定冠词既可放在第二位，也可放在第一位，但最常见的仍是第二位。如：Sheisquiteawoman.她真是个女人。Itwasquite/ratheracoldday.很冷的一天(同Itwasaquite/rathercoldday.)5.当名词前的比较级被no，all，far，much等修饰时，也要后置。如：HeisnolessamanthanthePresident.6.定冠词要放在half,twice,much等之后。如：Hepaidtwicethepriceforit.他花了两倍的钱买了它。7.如果名词被副词hardly，scarcely，barely，exactly所修饰，或和一个形容词共同修饰时，冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如：Thisishardlyarightthingtodo.这几乎是不能做的事。冠词是历年高考的常考点。主要考查冠词在具体语境中的运用，考查内容包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。①Howabouttaking_____shortbreak?Iwanttomake_____call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;the D.a;a【解析】②Christmasis_____specialholidaywhen_____wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.A.the;theB.a;a C.the;a D.a;the【解析】①Ilookedunder_____bedandfoundbooksIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the；theC.不填；theD.the;不填【解析】②Ilike_____colorofyourskirt.Itisgoodmatchforyourblouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the【解析】①Georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a【解析】②Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon_____balanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;/ B.the;aC.the;the D./;a【解析】①Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonbalanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;不填 B.the;a C.the;the D.不填;a【解析】②—Howabout_____Christmaseveningparty?—Ishouldsayitwas_____success.A.a;a B.the;aC.a;不填 D.the;不填【解析】①Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastbyseainsteadofdrivingacrosscontinent.A.the;the B.不填;theC.the;不填D.不填;不填【解析】②Georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;a【解析】类似的词组：byday在白天 bytheday按天计算incaseof以防 inthecaseof就……来说inchargeof负责，管理 inthechargeof由……负责inoffice执政 intheoffice在办公室insight(of)看见 inthesight(of)在……看来gotosea去当水手 gotothesea到海边去outofquestion毫无疑问 outofthequestion不可能takeadvice征求意见 taketheadvice听从劝告beofage成年 beofallage同龄gotochurch去做礼拜 gotothechurch去教堂inprison坐牢 intheprison在监狱特别提示：当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：Hewenttothebedandfetchedmeamagazinebeforehewenttobed.他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。2009年1.（安徽卷）Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;the【答案】【解析】2.（北京卷）Thebiggestwhaleis___bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof____9-storybuilding.A.the;the B.a;a C.a;the D.the;a【答案】【解析】3.（江西卷）Somepeoplefearthat________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_______weatheraroundtheworld.A.不填;the B.the;不填 C.an;the D.the;a【答案】【解析】4.（海南卷）Let’sgotocinema-that’lltakeyourmindofftheproblemforwhileA.the;the B.the;aC.a;the D.a;a【答案】【解析】5.（陕西卷）Whatpitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceiveprize!A.a;a B.the;a C.a;the D.the;the【答案】【解析】6.（四川卷）Inordertofind_______betterjob,hedecidedtostudy_________secondforeignlanguage.A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the【答案】【解析】7.Idon’tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI’vegot______roughideaof_____projectplan.（浙江卷）A.the;a B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.a;the【答案】【解析】8.（重庆卷）WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewonworldwideattentionandHaierhasbecomepopularname.A.a;the

B.不填;a C.不填;the

D.the;a【答案】【解析】9.（全国卷II）WhatIneedisbookthatcontainsABCofoilpainting.A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the【答案】【解析】10.(辽宁卷)ThisareaexperiencedheaviestrainfallinmonthofMay.A不填;aBa;theCthe;theDthe;a【答案】【解析】2010年1.(北京卷)Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget__secondchancetomake__firstimpression.A.a;the B.the;the C.a;a D.the;a【答案】【解析】2.(福建卷)It’sgoodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiworldexpothatgivesthempleasure.A.不填，a B.a,不填 C.the,a D.a,the【答案】【解析】3.(江苏卷)Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_______peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_____newJiangsu.A.不填;a B.不填;the C.the;a D.the;the【答案】【解析】4.(辽宁卷)Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin_______space,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_______earth.A.the;the B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.a;the【答案】【解析】5.(山东卷)Ifwesitnear_______frontofthebus,we’llhave_______betterview.A.不填;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.the;the【答案】【解析】6.(四川卷)Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyouflyingstartinlife.A.the;a B.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a【答案】【解析】7.(浙江卷)Manylifestylepatternsdosuch__greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup__weakeningofthehumanbody.A.a;不填 B.不填;the C.a;the D.不填;不填【答案】【解析】8.(重庆卷)Everythingcomeswithprice;thereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.A.a,a B.the,不填C.the,不填 D.a,不填【答案】【解析】2011年1.（新课标卷）Itisgenerallyacceptedthat_______boymustlearntostandupandfightlike________man.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填【答案】【解析】2.（大纲卷）Ashereached________frontdoor,Jacksaw_______strangesight.A.the;不填 B.a;theC.不填；aD.the;a【答案】【解析】3.（山东卷）Takeyourtime—it’sjust_______shortdistancefromhereto_______restaurant.A.不填；the B.a;the C.the;a D.不填；a【答案】【解析】4.（江西卷）—It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover$60,000______year.—Right,hewillalsogetpaidby________week.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;a D.a;a【答案】【解析】5.（浙江卷）Expertsthinkthat______recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe______Picasso.A.the;不填 B.a;the C.a;不填 D.the;a【答案】【解析】6.（四川卷）Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”A.不填；AB.不填；TheC.the;TheD.a;A【答案】【解析】7.（陕西卷）Asisknowntoall,People’sRepublicofChinaisbiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.A.the;不填B.不填；the C.the；the D.不填；不填【答案】【解析】8.（重庆卷）Incommunication,asmileisusually________strongsignofafriendlyand_______openattitude.A.the,不填B.a,anC.a,不填 D.the,an【答案】【解析】1.Thereportsaidthatabuswentoutofcontrolonhighwaysouthofthecityarerushedintoariver.A.the;the B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.不填;不填【答案】【解析】2.Because____unemploymentisveryhighatpresent,it'snoteasyforafreshgraduatetofind____satisfyingjobashewishes.A.the;不填 B.不填;a C.an;a D.an;the【答案】【解析】3.一Myflightwasdelayedbecauseof________heavyrain.—Butyouarejustin______________timeforthediscussion.A.the;a

B.a;the

C.不填;不填 D.the;不填【答案】【解析】4.Idon’tthinktheexperimentis______failure.Atleastwehavegained______experienceforfuturesuccess.A.不填;the B.a;the C.a;不填 D.不填;不填【答案】【解析】5.By________nature,youareanadventurer,fullofamazementandcuriosityabout_________worldbiggerthanlifeitself.A.a;the B.the;the C.不填;a D.the;不填【答案】【解析】6.Jackhad________feelingofexcitementwhenhearinghisarticlehadbeenpublishedin________schoolmagazine.A.the;a B.a;the C.不填;the D.the;不填【答案】【解析】7.Igot________badtoothacheyesterday，whichkeptmeawake________wholenight.A.a;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.a;不填【答案】【解析】8.Chinais________vastcountrywhichishometo________amazingvarietyoflandscapes，plantsandanimals.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;an D.a;an【答案】【解析】9.—Anyoneinmindforthisposition？WhataboutJack?—Hemaybeagoodfriend,butbusinessisbusiness.Heisnot________manfor________job.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a【答案】【解析】10.Weallhold________beliefthatthosewhohave________wonderfulsenseofhumoraremorepopular.A.the;a B.不填;不填 C.the;不填 D.a;the【答案】【解析】11.________WorldExpoisregardedastheOlympicGamesoftheeconomy,scienceandtechnology,________expertsaid.A.A;an B.The;an C.The;a D.A;the【答案】【解析】12.Iwastoldthat________10∶15flightwouldtakeustoShanghaiintimetoreach________FudanA.the;不填 B.the;a C.a;the D.不填;the【答案】【解析】13.Thestudentsw