河北省“五个一”名校联盟2025届高三英语上学期第一次联考试题含解析

PAGE23-河北省“五个一”名校联盟2025届高三英语上学期第一次联考试题（含解析）考生留意：1.本试卷分共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上，第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whereistheman'sbrothernow?A.Athome.B.Intheoffice.C.Inthehospital.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Waiterandcustomer.3Whatwillthespeakersdowiththeirkidsduringtheirvacation?A.Theywilltakethemalong.B.Theywillleavethembehind.C.Theywillaskthemafavour.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Gotobed.B.Havebreakfast.C.Packherschoolbag.5.HowdoesthemanadvisethewomantocontactMr.Johnson?A.Bycallinghimagain.B.Byholdingonforasecond.C.Bymeetinghimafterthemeeting.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanattempttofindatfirst?A.Afruitmarket.B.Asupermarket.C.Aparkingarea.7.Whereistheparkingarealocated?A.Behindthefruitmarket.B.Infrontofthesupermarket.C.Betweenthefruitmarketandthesupermarket.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whyisthewomanconcernedaboutherdaughter?A.Herdaughterdoesn'tgetalongwellwithher.B.Herdaughterfailedthecollegeentranceexams.C.Herdaughterdoesn'talwayshaveherownviews.9.Whatistheman'sopinionaboutteenagers?A.Theyknowlittleaboutlife.B.Theydon'tliketheirparents.C.Theywanttobeindependent.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acamp.B.Aphoto.C.Anadventure.11.Inwhataspectdoesthegirlhaveincommonwithherfather?A.Character.B.Figure.C.Appearance.12.Howdoesthegirlfeelwhentalkingaboutherfather?A.Annoyed.B.Proud.C.Embarrassed.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inafastfoodrestaurant.B.InachainstoreofPepsi.C.Inanearbygrocerystore.14.Whatisthewoman'sfavoritedrinknow?A.Pepsi.B.Coffee.C.Orangejuice.15.WhatdoweknowaboutBeckhamfromtheconversation?A.Hefollowshisownheart.B.Hemakesquiteafewads.C.HehasapreferenceforPepsi.16.Whatistrueaboutthespeakers?A.ThemanisabigfanofBeckham.B.Themanhashisownideasaboutfashion.C.Thewomanhasbeeninfluencedbyherfans.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisprobablythespeaker?A.Asalesman.B.Astudent.C.Aninstructor.18.WhatisBetterComputerSkillsabout?A.Howtousesoftware.B.HowtousetheInternet.C.Howtouseakeyboard.19.WhenwillthecoursebeonhowtousetheInternet?A.OnSept.5th.B.OnSept.8th.C.OnSept.12th.20.WhoareadvisedtoattendthecourseonSept.12th?A.Thoselearningtoprotectcomputers.B.Thosepreferringthenewestsoftware.C.Thosecaringaboutthelatestmonitors.其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOlympichostcitiesaregenerallyconsideredtobeequippedwithadvancedtechnologyandexpensivefacilities.Now,peoplecanjustgothereforalittleOlympic-levelentertainment.Athens,Greece(1896and2004)HometothefirstmodernOlympicgamesin1896,Athens'historyoftheOlympictraditiondatesbackseveralthousandyears.Everyfouryears,theOlympictorchislitatthePanathenaicStadiuminAthensbeforebeginningitslongjourneytothenewhostcity.VisitorscanwalkthroughtheOlympicVelodromeintheOlympicSportsComplexandstepbackintimeatthe50,000-seatstadium.Barcelona,Spain(1992)ThesedaysBarcelonaisamongtheworld'smostvisitablecitiesevenwithoutOlympicfame,butthatisn'talwaysthecase.ThetelecommunicationstowerbuiltforthegamesbySpanisharchitectCalatravaisalsoaniconic(图像的）deviceofthecity'sskyline,anditsOlympicsstadium-MontjuicStadiumisregularlyusedtohostA-listmusicalperformanceslikeTheRollingStones,Madonna,andBeyonce.StMoritz,Switzerland(1924and1948)Appropriately,thetownthatinventedAlpinetourismhashostedtheWinterOlympicstwice,andcontinuestomakeuseofitsmanysportsfacilities-ifyoucanaffordtogetthere.StayattheKulmHotelfortheeasiestaccesstotheKulmCountryClub,whereguestscanskateonthesamelakeusedbymid-centuryOlympians,ortestyourcourageontheOlympiaBobRun,oneofthefewplaceswhereyoucanrideafull-speedOlympicbobsled(双人雪橇）onarunconstructedentirelyofice.Sydney,Australia(2000)Theturn-of-the-centurySydneySummerOlympicswerenamedthe"GreenGames"bytheInternationalOlympicCommittee(10C)andweredesignedtointroduceamoreenvironmentallyconsciouswayofhostingtheevent.ThestructurethatbestshowsSydney'seffortstobeanexampleofcontinuingOlympicdevelopmentistheANZStadium.1.WheredoesthehostcitygettheOlympictorchlit?A.AtthePanathenaicStadium.B.AttheOlympicSportsComplex.C.AttheMontjuicStadium.D.AttheANZStadium.2.WhowillprobablychoosetovisitSt.Moritz?A.Thosefondofice-sports.B.Thosefondoflisteningtoopera.C.Thoseinterestedinpopularmusic.D.ThoseinterestedinOlympichistory.3.What'sspecialaboutSydneyOlympicGames?A.TheirdesignersarefromSpain.B.TheyarethoughtpoorlyofbytheIOC.C.Theyarehostedinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.D.TheirdesignintentionisproposedbySydneyauthority.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了了几个奥运会举办城市：雅典、西班牙巴塞罗那、瑞士圣莫里茨、澳大利亚悉尼的各自的特色。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。其次段“Everyfouryears,theOlympictorchislitatthePanathenaicStadiuminAthens”可知，每四年，奥运火炬在雅典的帕纳尼克体育场点燃。结合选项，故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。第四段“thetownthatinventedAlpinetourismhashostedtheWinterOlympicstwice”可知，圣莫里茨已经举办了两届冬奥会，以及“whereguestscanskateonthesamelakeusedbymid-centuryOlympians”可知，在那里，游客能够在中世纪奥运会选手运用过得同一个湖上滑冰，因此，喜爱冰上运动的人可能会选择圣莫里茨。结合选项，故选A项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。最终一段“SydneySummerOlympicswerenamedthe"GreenGames"”可知悉尼夏季奥运会被国际奥委会命名为绿色奥运会，以及“weredesignedtointroduceamoreenvironmentallyconsciouswayofhostingtheevent”可知，它被设计成旨在引入一种更环保的主办方式，结合选项，故选C项。BConsiderhowdifficulttheideaofapatentwastoawomanintheearly19thcentury.Asdaughters,theirpropertybelongedtotheirfather;aswives,theirpropertybelongedtotheirhusband.Inalandwherewomencouldneitherowngoodsnorenterintocontractswithsuppliers,itseemedimpossibleforwomentoapplyforapatent.ButawomaninConnecticutnamedMaryDixonKieshadanideaworthpatenting.ItcametoherduringatimeoffashionemergenceintheUnitedStates.In1807,PresidentThomasJeffersondecidedtobantheimportofBritishgoods.Intheend,theofficialfreezeintradeprovedtobeadisaster,causingexportstodropsharply.Just15monthsofthebanforcedtheAmericanfashionindustrytoturninward.NowthatNewEnglandcouldn'tshipgoods,ithadtomaketheminstead.Kieswasn'tthefirstwomantoimprovehatmakingatthattime.AyounggirlnamedBestyMetcalf,whosawastrawhatinastorewindowthatshecouldn'tafford,wenthomeandcameupwithadifferenttechniquetomakeherown.IhatideaturnedNewEnglandintoahotbedofstrawhatmaking.ThoughMetcaltneverpatentedherstrawhat-makingtechnique,whenKiescameupwithherideashedid.Herownmethodwastoweavesilkorthreadintothestraw,creatingapleasingappearance.Onetookadvantageofarelativelynewlaw,the1790PatentAct,whichallowedallpersonsaskforprotectionoftheiroriginalmethodsanddesigns,andgotthefirstpatenteverawardedtoawomanonMay15,1809.Kies’methodtookoffandfueledthegrowingstrawhatindustry.WhenLamesMadisonPresidentthatyear,hesighedKies’patentandFirstladyDolleyMadisonapparentlywassotakenwithKies’creationthatshewrotetoherandcongratulatedheronhelpingwomenintheindustry.4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Contractlaw.B.Patentapplication.C.Women'sstatusintheearly19thcentury.D.Familyconflictsintheearly19thcentury.5.WhatdidAmericanfashionindustryhavetodoaround1808?A.Exportrawmaterials.B.Findfinancialsupport.C.Improveitsexporttrade.D.Produceitsownclothing.6.WhatwastheadvantageofKieshatsoverMetcalf’s?A.Theyweremorebeautiful.B.Theyweremoreeco-friendly.C.Theyweremuchlighter.D.Theyweremuchcheaper.7.WhatwasFirstLadyDolleyMadison'sattitudetowardsKies'creation?A.Doubtful. B.Admiring. C.Disapproving. D.Uninterested.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了女性拥有申请专利权的由来。【4题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“Considerhowdifficulttheideaofapatentwastoawomanintheearly19thcentury.Asdaughters,theirpropertybelongedtotheirfather;aswives,theirpropertybelongedtotheirhusband.Inalandwherewomencouldneitherowngoodsnorenterintocontractswithsuppliers,itseemedimpossibleforwomentoapplyforapatent.”（想想看，在19世纪早期，专利权的概念对一个女人来说是多么的困难。作为女儿，他们的财产属于父亲；作为妻子，他们的财产属于丈夫。在一个妇女既不能拥有商品也不能与供应商签订合同的土地上，妇女好像不行能申请专利。），可知在19世纪早期女性地位很低，无法拥有自己的所属物，所以第一段主要讲19世纪初妇女的地位。故选C项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“In1807,PresidentThomasJeffersondecidedtobantheimportofBritishgoods.”（1807年，托马斯·杰斐逊总统确定禁止进口英国商品。）和第三段中的“Just15monthsofthebanforcedtheAmericanfashionindustrytoturninward.NowthatNewEnglandcouldn'tshipgoods,ithadtomaketheminstead.”（仅仅15个月的禁令就迫使美国时装业转向内向。既然新英格兰不能运输货物过来，美国只能制造货物。），可知在1808年前后，美国时装业生产自己的衣服。故选D项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。由倒数其次段中的“ThoughMetcaltneverpatentedherstrawhat-makingtechnique,whenKiescameupwithherideashedid.Herownmethodwastoweavesilkorthreadintothestraw,creatingapleasingappearance.”（虽然Metcalt从未申请过草帽制作技术的专利，但当Kies想出她的办法时，Kies做到了。Kies自己的方法是把丝或线织进稻草里，创建出一种令人愉悦的感觉外表。），可知Kies的帽子比Metcalt的帽子更美丽。故选A项。【7题详解】推理推断题。由最终一段中“WhenLamesMadisonPresidentthatyear,hesighedKies’patentandFirstladyDolleyMadisonapparentlywassotakenwithKies’creationthatshewrotetoherandcongratulatedheronhelpingwomenintheindustry.”（当年当LamesMadison是总统时，他感叹Kies的专利，而第一夫人DolleyMadison明显对Kies的独创特别着迷，于是写信给她，庆贺她帮助了这个行业的女性。），可推断出第一夫人DolleyMadison很观赏Kies的创作。故选B项。CChinesehighschoolstudentshavethemostpositiveattitudetowardsonlinelearningcomparedwiththoseintheUnitedStates,JapanandtheRepublicofKorea(ROK),accordingtoareportreleasedbyChinaYouthDaily.Thestudy,conductedbyresearchersatChinaYouthandChildrenResearchCenter,includingtheircounterpartsintheotherthreecountries,covered3,903Chinesehighschoolstudents,1,521UShighschoolstudents,2,204Japanesehighschoolstudentsand1,618highschoolstudentsoftheROK.Thereportshowedthatmostofthesurveyedstudentsinthefourcountriesembraceonlinelearning.Onlinelearningisimportant"isperceivedby87.1percentofChinesestudents,and"on-learningisinteresting"issupportedby91.2percentofChinesestudents,bothalittlehigherthanthatinanyoftheotherthreecountries.Morethan94percentofChinesehighschoolstudentsbelievethatonlinelearningcanexpendscopeofknowledge,while86.8percentbelievethattheycanlearnfromfirst-classteachersviatheInternet,accordingtothereport.Throughonlinelearningcanpushtheboundariesoftimeandspace,thereportsaidthestudentswereeasilydistracted,addingthatstudentsinthefourcountriesexpressedsimilarconcernsuchaspoorvision,relianceontheInternetandlesseffortinproblem-solvingontheirown.8.WhatdomostChinesestudentsthinkofonlinelearning?A.Itisofgreatimportance.B.Itishelpfulbutkindofboring.C.Ithelpsthemstayfocusedathome.D.Itislessinterestingthanclassroomlearning.9.Whichcanbestexplain"embrace"underlinedinparagraph3?A.Schedule. B.Accept. C.Abandon. D.Update.10.Whichofthefollowingisoneoftheadvantagesofonlinelearning?A.Itmakesstudentsfeelatschool.B.Studentscanattendclassesgivenbyexcellentteachers.C.Studentswillworkharderwhentheyarelearningonline.D.Itenablesstudentstoknowmoreabouttheirclassmates.11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.ChinaDailydidthestudy.B.Americanstudentsdislikeonlinelearning.C.Studentsintheworldenjoyonlinelearning.DOnlinelearningmayleadtostudents'badeyesight.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】本文是一篇调查报告，据《中国青年报》近日发布的一份报告显示，与美国、日本和韩国相比，中国中学生对网络学习的看法最为主动；同时报道又指出了网络学习的利弊。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。本题题干意为：大多数中国学生对在线学习有什么看法?依据文章第一段Chinesehighschoolstudentshavethemostpositiveattitudetowardsonlinelearning，以及第四段Onlinelearningisimportant"isperceivedby87.1percentofChinesestudents.可以推断出，大多数的中国学生认为网络学习很重要。故选A。【9题详解】词义揣测题。由其次段Onlinelearningisimportant"isperceivedby87.1percentofChinesestudents,and"on-learningisinteresting"issupportedby91.2percentofChinesestudents,bothalittlehigherthanthatinanyoftheotherthreecountries.(87.1%的中国学生认为“在线学习很重要”，而91.2%的中国学生认为“在线学习很好玩”，这两个比例都略高于其他三个国家)可知，四个国家的学生是支持网上学习的。故选B。【10题详解】推理推断题。本题题干意为：下列哪项是网上学习的优势之一？依据文章第五段Morethan94percentofChinesehighschoolstudentsbelievethatonlinelearningcanexpendscopeofknowledge,while86.8percentbelievethattheycanlearnfromfirst-classteachersviatheInternet,accordingtothereport.(报告显示，超过94%的中国中学生认为网络学习可以拓展学问面，而86.8%的人认为他们可以通过网络向一流的老师学习)可知，C项：学生可以参与优秀老师的课程，符合题意。故选B。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段Throughonlinelearningcanpushtheboundariesoftimeandspace,thereportsaidthestudentswereeasilydistracted,addingthatstudentsinthefourcountriesexpressedsimilarconcernsuchaspoorvision,relianceontheInternetandlesseffortinproblem-solvingontheirown.报告称，由于在线学习跨越了时间和空间的界限，学生们很简单分心。此外，这四个国家的学生也表达了类似的担忧，比如视力不佳、依靠网络、独立解决问题的实力较差。由此可知，在线学习可能会导致学生视力差。故选D。DRobotsareoftencastinpopularsciencefictionasthebadcharactersthattakeovertheworldandenslavemankind.Butwiththebeginningofsomeseriousdiseases,robotsareincreasinglybeingemployedashelpers,takingonoftendull,difficultanddangeroustasksandthusreducinghumans'exposuretosometerrifyingvirus.IntheUnitedStates,twoofthemainwaysinwhichrobotictechnologyisbeingusedinthehospitalsaretodisinfect(消毒）hospitalroomsandactasatelemedicineportal,allowingdoctorsandhealthcareworkerstocommunicateviavideoconferencedirectlywithpatientswithoutunnecessarilyexposingthemselvestothosehighlyinfectiousvirus.InBoston,doctors,researchersandroboticsengineershaveteameduptobringafriendly,dog-like,four-leggedrobotnamedSpotintoBrighamandWomen'sHospital,allowingdoctorstocommunicatewithpatientsviatelemedicine.InMarch,atthestartofthepandemic,aleaguefromhospital,theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandSpot'smanufacturer-BostonDynamnics,begantestingtherobot'sdesigntoenableSpottocommunicatewithpatients,thusreducingtheexposureoffrontlinehealthcareworkerstothevirus.Intheplaceofahead,SpothasaniPadaffixedtoastand,allowingdoctorstoconducttelemedicineserviceswiththeirpatients.“Mostpeopleactuallyreallylikeit,”saysDr.PeterChai,anemergencymedicinephysicianwhoservesasthehospital'schiefresearcherontherobotproject.Researchersareworkingtoincreasetherobot'sdiagnosticabilities,enablingittomeasurethepatientstemperatureandhisorherrespiratoryrate(呼吸率）.Chaipredictsthathospitalswillcontinuetofindmorewaystouserobots,andtiewonderswhetherrobotscandeliversuppliestoroomsorseepatientswithotherinfectiousdiseases12.Whatwordscanbestdescribethejobsrobotsareemployedtodo?A.Normalandeasy. B.Excitinganddangerous.C.Dirtyandcomplex. D.Frighteninganddifficult.13.WhyarerobotsbeingusedinAmericanhospitals?A.Tosavemoney. B.Toreplacedoctors.C.Toprotectdoctorsfrominfectingvirus. D.Todeliversuppliestopatientsanddoctors.14.WhatdoweknowaboutSpot?A.Itisafriendlydog.B.Itcandeliversuppliestohospitalrooms.C.Itcanhelpadjustthepatient'stemperature.D.Itallowsdoctorstoconducttelemedicineservices.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SpottheRobotDogB.TrainRobotDoctorsC.RobotsBeingUsedinHospitalD.RobotsinPopularScienceFiction【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【解析】本文是说明文。文章通过例子介绍了机器人被用于医院，削减了医务人员接触可怕病毒的机会，通过机器人头部装置让医生和医护人员通过视频与患者沟通，对病人进行远程医疗服务。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中的Butwiththebeginningofsomeseriousdiseases,robotsareincreasinglybeingemployedashelpers,takingonoftendull,difficultanddangeroustasksandthusreducinghumans'exposuretosometerrifyingvirus.可知随着一些严峻疾病的起先，机器人越来越多地被用作助手，担当枯燥、困难和危急的任务，从而削减了人类接触某些可怕病毒的机会。即机器人从事的是枯燥、困难和危急的任务，故选D。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中的reducinghumans'exposuretosometerrifyingvirus.和其次段中的actasatelemedicineportal,allowingdoctorsandhealthcareworkerstocommunicateviavideoconferencedirectlywithpatientswithoutunnecessarilyexposingthemselvestothosehighlyinfectiousvirus.可知机器人被用于美国医院，是为了削减医务人员接触某些可怕病毒的机会，通过机器人让医生和医护人员通过视频与患者沟通，来防止医生感染病毒。故选C。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段InBoston,doctors,researchersandroboticsengineershaveteameduptobringafriendly,dog-like,four-leggedrobotnamedSpotintoBrighamandWomen'sHospital,allowingdoctorstocommunicatewithpatientsviatelemedicine.和第四段Intheplaceofahead,SpothasaniPadaffixedtoastand,allowingdoctorstoconducttelemedicineserviceswiththeirpatients.可知Spot使医生通过远程医疗与患者沟通变为可能，通过Spot头部的iPad，医生对病人进行远程医疗服务。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章通过例子介绍了机器人被用于医院，削减了医务人员接触可怕病毒的机会，通过机器人头部装置让医生和医护人员通过视频与患者沟通，对病人进行远程医疗服务。RobotsBeingUsedinHospital概括了文章内容，适合作为标题。故选C。第三节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wheredohurricanenamescomefrom?Whydowegivehumannamestoviolent,mindlessmassesofwaterandwind?Andhowdoweallagreewhichnametouse?Beforethe1940s,onlytheworststormsweregivennames.___16___TherewastheSeaIslandsHurricaneof1893,theGreatGalvestonHurricaneof1900andtheLaborDayHurricaneof1935tonameafew.Thepracticeofusingmorememorablenamesdidn'tbeginuntil1950.ItwaswhenAtlantictropicalhurricanesreceivedofficialnames,althoughtheystillweren'thumanones.___17___Sothe1950seasonfeaturedsuchstrangelynamedstormsasHurricaneDog,HurricaneEasyandHurricaneLove.___18___Thesamelistofnameswasrecycledeveryyear,sothe1950-1952seasonseachfeaturedaHurricaneAblethroughatleastHurricaneFox.Thatbecameconfusing,soin1953theU.S.NationalHurricaneCenterbeganusingfemalehumannames,whichprovedfarmoresuccessful.Notonlydiditmakestormidentificationeasier,butithelpedauthoritiesandnewsoutletsspreadwarnings.___19___Thefirsthurricanenameswereofteninspiredbyforecasters'wives,butin1979men'snameswereaddedtothemixTheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationnowmonitorsthemasterlistofnames,whichalternatesbetweenmaleandfemalessixlistsarerotatedannuallyintheAtlantic.sothe2024nameswillbeusedagainin2024.___20___Seventy-eightAtlantichurricanenameshavebeenretiredsince1954,including29since2000.A.Besides,ithelpedthepublicpayattentiontothem.B.Thesenameswerechosenfromsomefamiliarwords.C.Thisnamingrule,however,hadanobviousweakness.D.Thesenamesofretiredhurricanesaresillyorunreasonable.E.Butwhenahurricaneisbadenough,itsnamecanberetired.F.Theywereusuallybasedontheplaceortimeofyeartheymadelandfall.G.Itisalsoeasiertousenameswhenwehavemorethanonestormtotrack.【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.A20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种给飓风命名的方式。【16题详解】由下一句“1893年的海岛飓风，1900年的加尔维斯顿大飓风和1935年的劳动节飓风等等。”可知，这些飓风都是依据时间地点来命名的，承接下文，F选项“它们通常是依据它们一年中登陆的地点或时间来确定的。”切题。故选F项。【17题详解】由上两句“运用更简单记住的名字的做法直到1950年才起先。那是大西洋热带飓风正式命名的时候，尽管它们还不是人类的名字。”和下一句“所以1950年的季节有这样惊奇的命名风暴，如飓风狗，飓风易和飓风爱。”可知，飓风狗，飓风易和飓风爱（Dog、Easy和Love很熟识常见）都是选用熟识的词命名的，承接上下文，B选项“这些名字是从一些熟识的词中选出来的。”切题。故选B项。【18题详解】由下三句“每年都会重复运用相同的名称列表，所以1950-1952年的每一季都至少有一次飓风能和飓风福克斯。这让人很困惑，因此1953年美国国家飓风中心起先运用女性人名，这一做法被证明是胜利的。它不仅使风暴识别更加简单，而且帮助当局和新闻机构传播警报。”可知，选用熟识的词给飓风命名，会产生有“很多相同名字飓风”的弱点，这让人们很困惑，这不利于识别飓风和发出警报，所以才出现了用女性人名命名的方式（有利于识别飓风和发出警报），承接下文，C选项“然而，这个命名规则有一个明显的弱点。”切题。故选C项。【19题详解】由上一句“它不仅使风暴识别更加简单，而且帮助当局和新闻机构传播警报。”可知，上下两句讲飓风用女性人名命名的好处，上下两句是顺承递进关系，承接上文，A选项“此外，它也有助于公众对它们的关注。”切题。故选A项。【20题详解】由下一句“自1954年以来，已有78个大西洋飓风名称被注销，其中29个是2000年以来的。”可知，承接下文，E选项“但是当飓风够糟糕的时候，它的名字可以注销。”切题；该选项中的retired对应下文的retired，同词复现。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AnEnglishbattleshipwassailingatseainthesevereweatherforseveraldays.Thevisibilitywaspoor___21___heavyfog,sothecaptainlandedonthewatchtower,___22___alltheactivities.Shortly,alookoutreportedthatalightaheadwas___23___.Thecaptainasked,"Isitsteadyor___24___towardsourship?"Thelookoutreplied,"Thelightwassteady,butour___25___wasgoingtobein___26___withthatone."Thecaptainorderedthelookouttosendasignaltothatshipandtoldthemthatthetwosideswouldhavetheriskofcrashingintoeachotheriftheydidn't___27___course.Backcameasignal,"It's___28___foryoutochangecourse."Thenthecaptainshoutedangrily."Send,I'mabattleship.You'llchangecourse.""Captain,I'veneverseenyou___29___yourtopbefore."thelookoutsaidanddid.Backcameanothersignal,"I'malighthouse!"Thecaptainwas____30____afterknowingthis,andtheyhadtochangetheircourse____31____.Onourpathinlife,wesometimeshavetochangecourse:____32____,wewouldrunintothe____33____.Somepeoplespendmuchtimetryingtochangeeverythingaroundthem,notrealizingtheycan____34____itonlybychangingthemselves.They'rehittingtheirheadonthebarrierbutexpectingagoodresult.It'sjustasstupidasnotchangingtheircoursewhenthoseareabouttocollidewithalighthouse.Sowhenlifeputsanunmovable____35____infrontofyou,sticktothesecret:changingcourseandgoingon.21.A.inspiteof B.inadditionto C.onaccountof D.ontopof22.A.keepinganeyeon B.enquiringabout C.engagingin D.turningadeafearto23.A.charging B.falling C.fading D.flashing24.A.shooting B.moving C.pointing D.looking25.A.instruction B.method C.ship D.captain26.A.trade B.peace C.collision D.comparison27.A.affect B.readjust C.admit D.uncover28A.typical B.early C.challenging D.advisable29.A.blow B.reach C.stuff D.show30.A.heartbroken B.innocent C.relieved D.thunderstruck31.A.temporarily B.instantly C.slowly D.merrily32.A.otherwise B.however C.therefore D.anyway33A.topsecret B.safepath C.comfortzone D.brickwall34.A.learn B.make C.take D.see35.A.opportunity B.target C.object D.fantasy【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲解并描述一艘英国战舰差点与灯塔相撞的故事，告知我们一个道理：当生活把一个不行移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要变更的是你自己，所以，变更方向，接着前进。【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上眺望塔上，亲密留意着全部的活动。A.inspiteof尽管；B.inadditionto除了；C.onaccountof由于；D.ontopof在……之上。由本处的Thevisibilitywaspoor___1___heavyfog可知，是由于大雾，能见度很低。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上眺望塔上，亲密留意着全部的活动。A.keepinganeyeon亲密留意；B.enquiringabout询问；C.engagingin从事；D.turningadeafearto充耳不闻。由上文语境可知，这艘英国战舰在恶劣的天气下在海上航行了好几天，雾大能见度低，因此船长上了眺望塔，亲密留意着船和船周边的一切活动（以防发生意外）。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，眺望员报告说前面有一盏灯闪着。A.charging收费；B.falling落下；C.fading褪色；D.flashing闪光。由下文的Thelightwassteady可知，前方有灯闪着。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个船长问：“它是稳定的还是朝我们的船移动的？”A.shooting射击；B.moving移动；C.pointing指出；D.looking看。由下文的thetwosideswouldhavetheriskofcrashingintoeachother可知，船长问灯是稳定的，还是在向他们的船移动，假如灯是移动的，他们就有相撞的风险。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：眺望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的，但我们的船要与那艘船相撞。”A.instruction说明书；B.method方法；C.ship船；D.captain船长。由下文的thetwosideswouldhavetheriskofcrashingintoeachotheriftheydidn't___7___course可知，假如双方不重新调整航向的话，船长的船要与那艘船相撞，此处指“我们的船”（船长的船）。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：眺望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的，但我们的船要与那艘船相撞。”A.trade贸易；B.peace和平；C.collision碰撞；D.comparison比较。由下文的thetwosideswouldhavetheriskofcrashingintoeachotheriftheydidn't___7___course可知，假如双方不重新调整航向的话，船长的船要与那艘船相撞。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长吩咐眺望员向那艘船发出信号，并告知他们，假如双方不重新调整航向，就有相撞的危急。A.affect影响；B.readjust重新调整；C.admit承认；D.uncover揭开。由下文的theyhadtochangetheircourse可知，船长马上变更航向（避开了相撞），所以此处指重新调整航向。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回来了一个信号，“你们改道才是明智的。”A.typical典型的；B.early早的；C.challenging挑战性的；D.advisable明智的。由全文语境可知，这里回信号的是灯塔，灯塔无法变更航向，为了避开相撞，船长的船变更航向才是明智的。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“船长，我以前从未见过你勃然大怒。”眺望员说了又（按船长说的）做了。A.blow吹；B.reach到达；C.stuff填满；D.show展示。由上文的Thenthecaptainshoutedangrily可知，船长很生气，此处指眺望员从未见过船长勃然大怒，固定搭配blowone’stop（勃然大怒）。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：船长知道这件事后大吃一惊，他们不得不马上变更航向。A.heartbroken心碎的；B.innocent天真的；C.relieved放心的；D.thunderstruck大吃一惊。由上文语境可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，然而事实上，对面的是灯塔，所以船长知道后大吃一惊。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：船长知道这件事后大吃一惊，他们不得不马上变更航向。A.temporarily短暂地；B.instantly马上地；C.slowly渐渐地；D.merrily开心地。由上文语境可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，始终叫对面变更航向以避开相撞，然而事实上，对面的是灯塔，为了避开相撞，他们不得不马上变更航向。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我们的人生道路上，我们有时不得不变更方向：否则，我们会遇到砖墙。A.otherwise否则；B.however然而；C.therefore因此；D.anyway无论如何。由上文语境可知，船长的船假如不变更航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一样，为了避开相撞我们不得不变更方向，否则就会遇见砖墙（撞上去），前后两句是转折关系，应用otherwise。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：在我们的人生道路上，我们有时不得不变更方向：否则，我们会遇到砖墙。A.topsecret绝密；B.safepath平安路径；C.comfortzone舒适区；D.brickwall砖墙。由上文语境可知，船长的船假如不变更航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一样，为了避开相撞我们不得不变更方向，否则就会遇见砖墙（撞上去）。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人花了很多时间试图变更四周的一切，却没有意识到只有变更自己才能胜利。A.learn学习；B.make使；C.take拿走；D.see望见。由上文语境可知，船长始终叫对面的船变更航向以避开相撞，然而，对面的船事实上是灯塔，最终船长通过自己变更航向避开了相撞，人生路上也是如此，试图变更四周的一切是很难的，只有变更自己才能胜利，固定搭配makeit（胜利）。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当生活把一个不行移动的东西摆在你面前时，坚持这个隐私：变更方向，接着前进。A.opportunity机会；B.target目标；C.object东西；D.fantasy幻想。由上文语境可知，灯塔就是那个不行移动的东西，船长不变更航向，就会撞上去，但最终船长通过自己变更航向避开了相撞，所以在人生旅途中，当生活把一个不行移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要学会自己变更方向，接着前进。故选C项。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Certainly,therearemanynonverbal___36___(clue)thathavecompletelydifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.Oneofthemostimportantmeansofnonverbalcommunicationinanyculture___37___(be)eyecontact.Eyecontact,___38___simplyreferstoonepersonlookinganotherpersonintheeye,seemstohavestrongimplicationsinalmosteveryculturethoughtheseimplicationsvary___39___(wide)acrosstheglobe!Whatdoeseyecontactmeaninthe