《新概念英语》第三册课文详解及课后答案

《新概念英语》第三册课文详解及课后答案Unit3Lesson21NewconceptEnglish3PAGE14《新概念英语》第三册课文详解及课后答案目录§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮 1§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一 5§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神 8§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活 12§Lesson5Thefacts确切数字 16§Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸橱窗抢劫 19§Lesson7Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组 23§Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的修道院 26§Lesson9Flyingcats飞猫 29§Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克“号的沉没 32§Lesson11Notguilty无罪 37§Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland荒岛生活 41§Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，别害怕” 44§Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒 48§Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦 52§Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb玛丽有一头小羔羊 56§Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最长的吊桥 59§Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart现代艺术中的电流 63§Lesson19Averydearcat一只贵重的宝贝猫 67§Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱 70§Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼尔·门多萨 73§Lesson22Byheart熟记台词 75§Lesson23Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison各有所爱 79§Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑” 83§Lesson25TheCuttySark“卡蒂萨克”号帆船 87§Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin征购大饼干筒 90§Lesson27Nothingtosellandnothingtobuy不卖也不买 94§Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五镑太贵 97§Lesson29Funnyornot?是否可笑？ 101§Lesson30Thedeathofaghost幽灵之死 104§Lesson31Alovableeccentric可爱的怪人 107§Lesson32Alostship一艘沉船 111§Lesson33Adaytoremember难忘的一天 114§Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸运的发现 118§Lesson35Justicewasdone伸张正义 123§Lesson36Achanceinamillion百万分之一的机遇 126§Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress开往威斯特海温的快车 129§Lesson38Thefirstcalender最早的日历 132§Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必担心 136§Lesson40Who’swho真假难辨 140§Lesson41Illusionsofpastoralpeace宁静田园生活的遐想 142§Lesson43Fullyinsured全保险 149§Lesson44Speedandcomfort又快捷又舒适 152§Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新闻报道的威力 160§Lesson46Doityourself自己动手 164§Lesson47Toohighaprice?代价太高 169§Lesson48Thesilentvillage沉默的村庄 174§Lesson49Theidealservant理想的仆人 176§Lesson50NewYearresolutions新年的决心 178§Lesson52Mudismud实事求是 183§Lesson53Inthepublicinterest为了公众的利益 188§Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能还是机智 192§Lesson58Aspotofbother一点儿小麻烦 197§Lesson59Collecting收藏 199§Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate太早和太晚 205PAGE2/209§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆puma n.美洲狮◆spot v.看出，发现◆evidence n.证据◆accumulate v.积累，积聚◆oblige v.使…感到必须◆hunt n.追猎；寻找◆blackberry n.黑莓◆humanbeing 人类◆corner v.使走投无路，使陷入困境◆trail n.一串，一系列◆print n.印痕◆cling(clung,clung) v.粘◆convince v.使…信服◆somehow adv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因◆disturb v.令人不安学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用；学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章里★spotv.看出，发现pickout/see/recognize/catchsightofeg:Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。spot(做动词时候)=see:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。find强调发现的结果。findout查出事实真相。discover做出重大发现notice注意到observe观察watch观察活动中的人或画面spotn.斑点eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot1,立刻，马上（atonce,immediately）Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.★evidence[u]n.证据Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.evidence=proofinevidence:显而易见的.Hewasinevidenceattheparty.evidentlyadv.evidentadj.★accumulatevt,vi.积累，积聚accumulate强调积累的过程Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处collect收集，采集assemble集合，集会，vt.装配hoard大量地贮存Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.hoardup=storeupamass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）★obligev.使…感到必须feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事beobligedtodosth被迫做某事★huntn.追猎；寻找runafter强调追赶、追求.seek追寻（梦想，理想）=pursuechase追赶.huntforsearch搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物★cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境cornern.角落atthecornerofthestreetinthecorneroftheroomonthecornerofthedeskbecornered………被逼得走投无路常用于被动语态：Thethiefwascorneredatlast.Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难例了。★trailn.一串，一系列trail==followvt.跟踪eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.★cling(clung,clung)v.粘eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，怀有)stick粘住stickto坚持stickyadj.粘的★convincevt.使…信服convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth和宾语从句that搭配使用没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：beconvincedsbbeconvicnedsb相信★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknownsomewhat==alittle★disturbv.令人不安 disturbingadj.令人不安的 disturbed 感到不安的 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊的 exciting 令人激动的 excited 感到激动的【课文讲解】atlarge1：逃遁的，没有被控制的。2：详细的(indetail)3：总体来讲（asawhole）在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果。写议论文的时候要注意把握观点eg:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.life-like栩栩如生的一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容定语从句的引导词：指人：主语who;宾语who/whom;定语whose表达事物：that(也可指人)/which时间状语：when;地点状语：where;原因状语：why同位语从句：名词做主语、宾语时，关系词用that而不是which时间when;地点whereeg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously认真（严肃）对待某事takesth.lightly:草率对待某事as随着过去分词做定语声称曾经作过某事：claimtohavedonesthIstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.confirm:besure,becertainsearch=hunt把某物留在后面：leavebehindWhereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处，都留下道道血迹。英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者complainof/about:抱怨on+名词：强调动作正在进行ontherise:在上升ontheincrease:在增加onthewatch:在观看onthematch:在比赛中onthefishingtrip:在钓鱼的途中onholiday:在度假fully:completely,entirelyinthepossessionofsb==insb'spossession归某人所有inpossessionofsth.拥有某物takepossessionof拥有eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心里不安eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.熟读并背诵第一自然段总结：atlargetakesth.seriouslyclingtoleavebehindcomplainofinthepossessionof/inpossessionoffeelobligedtoinvestigateawomanpickingblackberriesabusinessmanonafishingtripgoonseveralweeksinthequietcountryside【Exercises】A.Completethesesentencesbyaddingasuitablewordtotheendofeachone:1Whatareyoulooking?2Whereisyourmothergoing?3Whomhastheletterbeensent?4ThisisthehouseIwasborn?5Whatdoesyourdecisiondepend?key:1at/for2to3to4in5onB.Writethesesentencesagainchangingthepositionofthewordsinitalics.Wherepossible,omitthewordswhomorwhich.1Heisthemanaboutwhomwehaveheardsomuch.2Theshelfonwhichyouputthosebookshascollapsed.3Fromwhomdidyoureceivealetter?4Thisistheroadbywhichwecame.5Whereisthepencilwithwhichyouwereplaying?key:1Heisthemanwehaveheardsomuch.2Theshelfyouputthosebookshascollapsed.3whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?4Thisistheroadwecameby.5Whereisthepencilyouwereplaying?注意：3whom不能省略定语从句中which以及指代人的做宾语的whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词whom,which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。以look为例lookat:注视lookfor:寻找介词不能前置livein:居住介词可以前置eg:Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived./Thisistheoldhousehelivedin【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题P171.Expertseventuallydecidedtoinvestigate.a.becausetheydidnotbelievethatpumasexistedinEngland.b.becausetheywantedapumafortheLondonZoo.c.whenawomansawapumainasmallvillage.d.becausepeople’sdescriptionsofthepumahadalotincommon.要求陈述原因：1．Dincommon-similar2.Whatparticularpieceofevidencepersuadedtheexpertsthatapumahadbeenseeninthevillage?a.Thepumahadnotattackedthewoman.b.Thewomanhaddescribedtheanimalshehadseenas‘alargecat’.c.Apumahadcomeveryclosetoahumanbeing.d.Thepumahadbehavedlikeacat.A只是一个具体的特定的事例，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意Blargecat关键性用词2.BPumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.3.Whatwastheproblemtheexpertswereunabletosolve?a.Howthepumahadmanagedtocoversuchgreatdistanceswithinaday.b.Howthepumahadescapedfromazoo.c.Whomthepumahadbelongedto.d.Howthepumahadclimbedatree.A文章中未提到3．C做理解题时要紧扣主题，紧扣中心大意文章最后一句话总结了大意：Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.句型结构题和词汇题是关键4.Theaccumulatingevidencemadetheexpertstheanimalwasapuma.(lines4-6)a.tothinkb.thinkingc.thinkd.thoughtmakemakesb.do,bemadetodo主动语态中不定式to的符号应该省略被动语态中不定式to的符号必须补充完整5Peoplesaidthepuma.(lines5-6)a.tohaveseenb.toseec.theysawd.theyhadseen把say改成claimPeopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.5.D清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系6,itimmediatelyranaway.(lines8-9)a.Observingherb.Onbeingobservedc.Havingbeenobservedd.Onherbeingobserved与原句中的when意思要一致，when引导的时间状语从句表示一结构形式和assoonas相一致的如果用主动：Onobservingher,itimmediatelyranaway.Onseeingme,hewavedtome.6．B7Pumasneverattackahumanbeingexceptcornered.(lines9)a.theyareb.beingc.thattheyared.whentheyare原句中unlesif…not/exceptontheconditionthatwhen=ifexcept可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可以是when/if引导的从句形式。7．D8Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalapuma.(lines13-14)a.mustbeb.shouldhavebeenc.canonlybed.couldonlyhavebeenmustbe只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致8．D情态动词表达推测的语意概念时，对于过去事实推测一定要用于情态动词have以及过去分词形式进行搭配。9Thewomansaw‘alargecat’fiveyardsawayfromher.(lines7-8)a.atleastb.fourorc.nomorethand.withinnomorethan=onlywithin=notmorethan9.C10Apumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitfeelsitselftobe.(line9)a.inacornerb.inatrapc.atanangled.undercoverinacorner表示处于困境、尴尬的境地inatrap表示落于陷阱中atanangle表示弯曲的、不直的10．B11Abusinessmanonafishingtripisprobablysomeonewho.(line13)a.sellsfishb.fishesforpleasurec.netsfishd.earnshislivingasafishermanfishesforpleasure钓鱼为了游玩12Aprivatecollectorisamanwhocollects.(lines15-16)a.forhisownbenefitb.onhisownc.inprivated.unknowntothepublic12．Aonhisown=alone§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆equal v.等于◆raise v.募集；筹（款）◆vicar n.牧师◆torchlight n.电筒光★equal v.等于AequalB与…相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.beequalto+n:1.与…相匹敌2.有能力做某事to-介词eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.★raisev.募集；筹（款）raisemoney筹款raiseprice提高raiseahorse饲养raiseafamily供养raisewheet种植小麦raiseanarmy招募raiseashout发出喊声★vicar n.牧师★torchlight n.电筒光【课文讲解】现在进行时和always等频度副词的搭配——表示说话人带有的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.Heisalwaysmakingnoises.oneoranother表示某种、这样或那样getenoughmoney筹集足够的资金来做某事Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.havethechurchclockrepairedhavesth.done找某人来做某事havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut某人所遭受到的意外某种情况主语必须是发出动作的人Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.usedto:过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了Heusedtosmokeeveryday.however用于口语，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗号分隔开来Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketotellyou.however可用neverthelessnonetheless替换start:惊跳、惊奇Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.Whatastartyougiveme.你真吓了我一跳Hestoodupwithastart.before…才Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.Armedwithatorch…现在分词和过去分词的用法looking分词做状语/定语时，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致Inthetorchlight非正式用语中whom可以省略掉recognizedsbas认出某人是regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把某人对待为),haveonsbas（把某人尊敬为）whatever:ever用来加强语气nightafternight一夜连着一夜dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbusyoucertainlydidgiveme…did肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩，一定要位于动词原形之前。Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.aswell用在句尾相当于too,主要用在肯定句中，但比too所表达的语意更优秀still用于句首，用逗号分隔开来，表达一个转折的关系。虽然如此，但是getusedto,beusedtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示习惯于get强调渐进的过程，be强调习惯了的状态Eg:Weareusedtothecoldweatherhere.Youwillgetusedtothecoldweatherhere.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。【Specialdifficulties】P20In1．prep表达惊奇，恐惧，失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语的作用insurprise;inastonishment;inalarm;inembarrassment;inamazement;indespair;indismay;inanger;indisappointment2．prep表达以、用:用于语言，书写材料，色彩或声音等方面inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafewwords;insuchahighvoice;inoil;inred;incode3,用于状态、情况或处境introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;indebt;inlovewithsb;intears;ingoodorder;ingoodrepair;ingoodhealth;inporhealth;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;inhaste;inafavorofexcitement;inpoverty;inluxury【Exercise】Useaphrasewithininplaceofthewordsinitalics1Ilefthomeveryquicklysoasnottomissthetrain.2IsupposeIshallfinishthiseventually.3Intheearlymorningtherewasnotapersontobeseen.4ShallIwritewithapenorwithapencil?5Theyhaven’tmanyinterestswhichtheyshare.6Whyisthatlittlegirlcrying?key:1inahurry2intheend3insight4inink/inpencil5incommon6intears【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题Comprehension理解1Thechurchclockdidnotworkbecause.aitwastooexpensivetorepairbitdisturbedthevicar’ssleepcBillWilkinsonlyworkedatnightdthebellhadbeenoutoforderformanyyears1.D∽wasdamaged2ThevicarwassurprisedtoseeBillWilkinsintheclocktowerbecause.a.BillWilkinshadbeenhopingtosurprisehimb.itwasanunusualtimeandplacetofindhimc.hehadexpectedtofindafigured.theclockhadstruckthirteentimes2.B3ThevicarofferedBillWilkinsacupofteabecause.a.hethoughtthatBillWilkinswasthirstyb.thankstohim,theclockwouldnowstrikeonceanhourc.hewasgratefulforthetroubleBillwilkinshadtakend.hewaspleasedtohavebeenwokenupfornothing为…表示感谢：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor不辞辛劳地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.3.CStructure4Inthepastthebigclockthehours.(ll3-4)a.struckalwaysb.alwaysstruckc.wasalwaysstrikingd.hasalwaysbeenstrikingInthepast是过去时态的标志；always用在实义动词之前4.B5Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethebellstopped.(l.7)a.beforeb.whenc.sothatd.thatItwasnotuntil…that…一直到才Eg:Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.5.D6ThevicaraskedBilldoinginthechurchtower.(l.10)a.whatwasheb.whathewasc.whatheisd.whateverwashe宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序6．B7‘Iitallright,butI’mafraid…’(ll15-16)a.shallmendb.ammendingc.havemendedd.mended突出结果或者对现在的影响，现在完成时7．C8‘We’llgetusedtothat,Bill.’(l.17)a.hearingb.hearc.thesoundd.havingheardto介词，表示习惯于8．AVocabulary9Moneywhichiscollectedforacauseisknownas.(ll.1-2)a.cashb.afundc.ascholarshipd.aninvestmentfund基金cash现金scholarship奖学金investment投资9．B10Agrocerisamanwho.a.runsashopb.eatsalotc.sellsbreadd.surprisespeoplerunsashop经营商店10．A11‘I’vebeencominghereforweeksnow.’(l.11)a.everynightb.allnightc.thefollowingnightd.severalnightsnightafternight=everynight11.A12‘.I’mgladthebellisworkingagain.’(l.14)a.Yetb.Goodc.Justthesamed.Evennowstill尽管如此，依旧，仍然=Justthesame12．CIt’sraining,stillImustgoout.still连接性副词，相当于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesameyet但是，然而Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeit.§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆goddess n.女神◆archaeologist n.考古学家◆Aegean adj.爱琴海的◆explore v.考察，勘探◆promontory n.海角◆prosperous adj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的◆civilization n.文明◆storey n.楼层◆drainage n.排水◆worship n.崇拜◆sacred adj.宗教的，神圣的◆fragment n.碎片◆remains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟◆classical adj.（希腊罗马）古文化的◆reconstruct v.修复◆rest v.倚放，放置◆hip n.屁股，臀部◆full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地长的◆graceful adj.优雅的◆identity n.身份★goddessn.女神★archaeologistn.考古学家★Aegeanadj.爱琴海的★explorev.考察，勘探Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.explorern.探险家★promontoryn.海角★prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的Ourfinanceisprosperous.thriving昌盛的，兴旺的booming蓬勃的，景气的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilizationn.文明highlevelofcivilization高度文明civilizev.★storeyn.楼层★drainagen.排水★worshipn.崇拜respect;admireWhodoyouworshipinthworld?warshipn.军舰战船★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的holyadj.神圣的，圣洁的solemnadj.庄严的，庄重的sacredmusic圣乐sacredpromise神圣的诺言★fragmentn.碎片★remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟★classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的classicalmusic古典音乐classicaleducation人文科学教育classicadj.第一流的Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.classicn.杰作，经典之作★reconstructv.修复re-重新，再次construct构造，建造，组织buildhouse造建筑物putupatentconstructasentenceconstructabrokenstatuaryerect:buildhighbuildingserectmonument建造纪念碑erectclocktower建造钟楼setup;establish;found建立Eg:setupstudents’unionestablishaschool/rulefoundacountryconstructionn.constructiveadj.有教育意义的constructorn.建设者★restv.倚放，放置★hipn.屁股，臀部[口]在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的Eg:Haryisarealhip.玛丽真是赶时髦Theguyisn’tahip.这家伙什么都不懂joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的Eg:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口开河Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的afull-lengthdress★gracefuladj.优雅的agracefulladyelegant(behavier)★identityn.身份【课文讲解】aninterestingdiscovery：强调discovery，体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery英文表达：结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…which引导定语从句，修饰限定templewhichstandsinanancientcityon…which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin…AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein…stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，forit…for引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime:表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志，oncemusthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明with…Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhairbeautifullydecorated过去分词做定语abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark废弃的停车场awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的门现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主动关系aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroomThecitywasevenequippedwith…for…werefound…beequippedwith配备，装备Eg:thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.for引导原因状语从句beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreetsprep.beneath=under正下方Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.under:在进行中，undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion讨论之中；underrepairs修理之中below:在下方，强调斜下方Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.Thetemplewhich…beusedas/beusedtobe把…用作为Eg:Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.Inthemostsacredroomof…Eachoftheserepresented…beenpainted.representvt.代表Irepresentalltheclassmates.Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…dating现在分词，修饰remainsthecustomsdatingfrom1990datefrom追溯到，从…开始Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof…happento强调事情的偶然发生Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧开过那种汽车。Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。句式：Ithappensthat……Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytoworkIhappenedtomeetheronmywaytoworkhappenon巧遇，偶然发现,偶遇Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore四个形容词:amazed:verymuchsurprisedsurprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶的，语气递增astonished:muchsurprisedamazed:verymuchsurprised惊奇astounded非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇tofind…/todiscover…/torealize…I’mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere.turnout表明结果turnout(tobe)+n./adj.Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccesstheconcertturnedouttobefailure.Itturnedoutthat…………原来是(表示结果)that从句，或其他名词从句，it作形式主语Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.asitturnsout人们后来发现Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人们后来发现,这篇报告被弄错了。Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.reston=dependon,leanonHishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.whichswepttheground进一步说明拖地的，曳地的despite/inspiteof+n./动名词Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.sofar,uptonow都是完成时的标志discoverheridentity:findoutheidentity【Specialdifficulties】happen(to),ithappenedthat…【Multiplechoicequestions】Comprehension1Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythearchaeologistswas.a.thatthecityhadoncebeenprosperousb.thatthetemplehadbeenusedasaplaceofworshipc.theyfoundthefifteenstatueshadbeenpaintedd.thattheywerenotthefirsttohavefoundtheheadofthegoddessIt’smissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.’1.D2Thecity‘enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization’.Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat.a.someofthehouseswerebuiltonlyonestoreyhighb.agreatnumberoffragmentswerefoundinthetemplec.thecityhadbeenbuiltonclayd.advancedtechniqueshadbeenemployedinbuildinganddecoratingThisisconfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容。beemployedin:被应用在…方面‘…Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh-werebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem…’3Inseekingtoestablishtheidentityofthereconstructedstatue,thearchaeologists.a.triedtodeterminewhichgoddessitrepresentedb.piecedtogetherthefragmentstheyfoundc.discoveredthatitwasmoremodernthananyoftheotherstatuesd.wonderedwhetheritbelongedtothefifthorthefifteenthcenturyindoingsth:在…方面structure4Thecityhadonceknown.(ll.4-5)a,aprosperityb,theprosperousc.theprosperityd.prosperity重点词汇know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过（=experience）,这是一个文学用语，比experience更加正式5ThetempleusedasaplaceofworshipsinceRomantimes.(ll.9-10)a.wasb.hasnotbeenc.hadbeend.wasnotsince:自从主句的主干时态为现在完成时6Theyfoundthatthegoddessturnedouttobe…(ll.14-15)a.surprisinglyb.withsurprisec.totheirsurprised.asurprisetotheirsurprise:使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）withsurprise:惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）Eg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.Withsatisfaction/delight/dismayHesmokedhiscigarettewithsatisfaction.Hewenthomewithdismay.Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.7beingveryold,shewasverygraceful.(ll.16-17)a.Althoughb.Inspiteofc.Evend.Eventhoughdespite=inspiteof(可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配)8Sofar,thearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.(l.17)a.havebeenimpossibleb.havenotbeenablec.cannothavebeend.couldnotsofar现在完成时的标志如果用posible/imposible,要采用形式主语it…ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.Vocabulary9Inthemostroomofthetemple…(l.10)a.holyb.religiousc.frighteningd.colourful原文中用到了sacred(宗教的，神圣的)religious宗教的frightening令人害怕的colourful丰富多彩的10Theheadwascarefullypreserved.Itwas.(l.13)a.welldoneb.conservedc.maintainedc.ingoodconditionstatewelldone侧重强调做得好conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留“conserveyourenergyyouneededwenustconserveoutforestmaintain:通过修缮保养，不使…破损（强调动作的过程）“维修，保养”11Thegoddesstobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.(l.15)a.appearedb.provedc.resolvedd.changedturnout=prove12But,thearchaeologistshavebeenunable…(l.17)a.beforehandb.untilnowc.foralongtimed.atthisdistancesofar=>untilnow,uptillnowbeforehand:(adv.)事先=inadvanceatthisdistance(of/intime)时隔已久Eg:Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime.§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆manual adj.体力的◆collar n.衣领◆sacrifice v.牺牲，献出◆privilege n.好处◆dustman n.清洁工◆corporation n.公司◆overalls n.工作服◆shower n.淋浴◆secret n.秘密◆status n.地位★manualadj.体力的=physicalmanualwork:体力工作mentalwork:脑力工作★collarn.衣领white-collar:白领(domentalwork)blue-collar:蓝领（domanualwork）(get)hotunderthecollar:怒气冲天★sacrificev.牺牲，献出vt.togiveupforgoodpurposeEg:sacrificeone’slifeforthecountrysacrificetimen.makemanysacrifices★privilegen.好处=advantage特权（=specialright）牺牲掉自己的好处：sacrificeone’sadvantage/rivilege特许某人做某事：givesb.therivilegeofdoingsth.privilegedadj.荣幸的★overallsn.工作服男工作服；overall女工作服★secretn.秘密adj.keepsecret:保密It’sbetweenyouandme.I’llkeepittomyself.confidential:机密的insecret:私下里=secretly,inprivate,privatelyIwastoldaboutitinsecret.inthesecret:知道内情Hewasinthesecretfromthebeginning.★statusn.地位=socialpositions-t-a-t-u-ss-t-a-t-u-e:雕像，塑像★corporationn.公司★showern.淋浴★dustmann.清洁工【课文讲解】peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworkerspeoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=>white-collarworkersfarmoremoneyfar--副词，用来强调语气==muchreferto…as==regard…as把…看作为Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(书呆子).forthesimplereason=>for引导的原因状语从句forthereasonthat比because正式，因此多用于正式文体humannature人性化such…that…that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的基本内涵Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.=>Suchwashiskindness…Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.Such用在句首，要倒装Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.介词for表示一种目的bewillingtodosth.==bereadytodosth.心甘情愿