（外研版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义 选择性必修第二册　Unit 5 A delicate world

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．halfwayadj.中间的，半途的2．inhabitantn．栖居的动物3．penguinn．企鹅4．ratn．大老鼠5．vegetationn．植物，草木(总称)6．erosionn．侵蚀7．chaosn．大混乱；紊乱8．virusn．病毒9．immunityn．免疫力10．substantialadj.大量的，多的11．interventionn．干预，介入12．postscriptn．附言13．pestn．有害小动物；害虫14．dissolvev．(使)溶解15．nutrientn．养分，营养物16．sessionn．一段时间17．herbaladj.用香(药)草制成的18．criterionn．(复数criteria)标准，准则19．prosperv．兴旺，发达20．altituden．海拔(高度)21．thrivev．茁壮成长22．fossiln．化石23．floraladj.花的24．coexistv．共存，共处Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．heritagen．遗产；传统2．habitatn．栖息地3．subsequentlyadv.后来，随后4．appetiten．胃口，食欲5．decreasev．(使)变小，(使)减少6．trapn．夹子，陷阱7．collapsev．倒坍；塌下8．incidentn．事件9．owev．应该做；对……负有……的义务10．visualadj.视觉的11．statusn．地位；身份12．rareadj.稀有的，罕见的13．apparentlyadv.据说；看来，似乎14．vastadj.巨大的；广大的15．elsewhereadv.在别处16．greetingn．问候，招呼Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．dramaticallyadv.显著地；戏剧性地→dramaticadj.戏剧性的；突然的→draman．戏剧2．multiplyv．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增→multipleadj.多种多样的3．conservationn．保护→conservev．保护→conservativeadj.保守的；守旧的4．departuren．离开→departv．离开；出发5．explodev．突然增加→explosionn．爆炸；激增6．ecologyn．生态；生态学→ecologicaladj.生态的→ecologistn．生态学家7．comparisonn．比较→comparev．比较8．mysteriousadj.神秘的→mysteryn．难以理解的事物；谜9．biologicaladj.生物的，与生物有关的→biologyn．生物学→biologistn．生物学家10．variationn．差异；变化→variableadj.可变的；易变的→variousadj.各种各样的→varietyn．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→varyv．变化11．endangeredadj.濒临灭绝的→endangerv．危及；使……处于危险→dangern．危险→dangerousadj.危险的12．invasionn．涌入；侵犯，入侵→invadev．侵犯→invadern．侵略者13．secureadj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；稳固的vt.获得；拴牢；保护→securityn．安全；保护措施1．spark/spɑːk/vt.引发；激发n．火花；活力2．siege/siːdʒ/n．围困；包围3．devise/dI'vaIz/vt.想出；设计4．shiver/'ʃIvə(r)/vi.颤抖；发抖5．groan/ɡrəʊn/n．呻吟；低沉的声响vi.&vt.呻吟6．doom/duːm/n．厄运；毁灭vt.注定(失败、毁灭等)meetone’sdoom死亡7．weariness/'wIərInIs/n．厌倦；筋疲力尽8．glide/ɡlaId/vi.滑行；滑翔glideaway溜走；滑走9．pierce/pIəs/vt.&vi.刺入；刺穿；穿透10．stealthily/'stelθIli/adv.偷偷地；鬼鬼祟祟地Ⅳ.背核心短语1．onbehalfof代表2．failtodosth未做到某事3．inharmonywith与……协调，与……一致，与……和睦相处4．developanappetitefor对……产生兴趣5．beintroducedto被引进到……，被介绍给……6．dieout灭绝；消失7．outofcontrol失去控制8．remove...from...把……从……移走9．decreasefrom...to...从……减少到……10．inconsequence结果，因此11．turnout原来是，结果发现12．asubstantialnumberof大量的13．onceandforall一劳永逸；彻底地14．owe...to...把……归功于……；欠……15．coexistwith和……共存；与……共处Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants，includingroyalpenguins，kingpenguins，andelephantseals，existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.(否定副词置于句首引起的倒装)他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。2．Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus，andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.(Itturnedoutthat...)它们最终对病毒产生了免疫，数量又一次激增。3．Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat，mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.(it作形式宾语)这一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛滥的问题需要彻底地解决。4．Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvadingspecies，andthat’swhereIcomein—withmydogs.(where引导表语从句)下一步是清除最后残存的入侵物种，这就是我的工作了——和我的狗一起。5．AlthoughendangeredelsewhereinChinaduetotheinvasionofforeignspecies，thebeesofShennongjiahavecoexistedwiththelocalpeopleforcenturies.(状语从句的省略)虽然在中国的其他地区，由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂濒临灭绝，但是神农架的这种蜜蜂和当地的人们已经共存了几个世纪。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共14分)1．inhabitantn．栖居的动物2．erosionn．侵蚀3．vegetationn．植物，草木(总称)4．chaosn．大混乱；紊乱5．virusn．病毒6．immunityn．免疫力7．substantialadj.大量的，多的8．interventionn．干预，介入9．dissolvev．(使)溶解10．nutrientn．养分，营养物11．sessionn．一段时间12．criterionn．标准，准则13．thrivev．茁壮成长14．coexistv．共存，共处Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)1．heritagen．遗产；传统2．habitatn．栖息地3．subsequentlyadv.后来，随后4．decreasev．(使)变小，(使)减少5．collapsev．倒坍；塌下6．incidentn．事件7．owev．应该做；对……负有……的义务8．visualadj.视觉的9．rareadj.稀有的，罕见的10．apparentlyadv.据说；看来，似乎Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)1．dramaticallyadv.显著地；戏剧性地→dramaticadj.戏剧性的；突然的→draman．戏剧2．biologicaladj.生物的，与生物有关的→biologyn．生物学→biologistn．生物学家3．comparisonn．比较→comparev．比较4．variationn．差异；变化→variableadj.可变的；易变的→variousadj.各种各样的→varietyn．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→varyv．变化5．invasionn．涌入；侵犯，入侵→invadev．侵犯→invadern．侵略者6．secureadj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得；拴牢；保护→securityn．安全；保护措施Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．sparkvt.引发；激发n．火花；活力2．shivervi.颤抖；发抖3．groann．呻吟；低沉的声响vi.&vt.呻吟4．piercevt.&vi.刺入；刺穿；穿透5．stealthilyadv.偷偷地；鬼鬼祟祟地Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．failtodosth未做到某事2．developanappetitefor对……产生兴趣3．dieout灭绝；消灭4．turnout原来是，结果发现5．decreasefrom...to...从……减少到……Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)1．Abombexplodedandthetowercollapsed.Theexplosionwasheardamileaway.(explode)2．Somenaturalmysteriesoftheancienttimesarestillmysterioustopeopletoday.(mystery)3．Ireallyfeltmylifewasindangerwhenhedrovethecar.SoItoldhimdrivingfastwasdangerousandifhedidn’tslowdown，hewouldendangerourlives.(danger)4．HehadplannedtodepartonFriday，butthebadweatherdelayedhisdeparture.(depart)5．Theecologistwarnedthatwhattheydidmaybeathreattoglobalecologyandbreaktheecologicalbalance.(ecology)6．It’simportanttoconserveenergy.Infact，cheaperenergyconservationtechniqueshavebeenputintooperationinthedevelopedworld.(conserve)7．Multipleelementscausethealgae(藻类)tomultiplyathighspeed，oneofwhichiswastewater.(multiply)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(inconsequence，inharmonywith，outofcontrol，onbehalfof，owe...to...)1．Therewasnothingwecoulddoaboutit—thesituationwasoutofcontrol.2．Whenaskedaboutthesecrettowinningthecompetition，thegirlowedthesuccesstoherteachers.3．IwanttoexpressoursinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpwithourEnglishlearningonbehalfofthewholeclass.4．Everyonedesiresforfriendshipandinconsequence，itisofgreatsignificancetoknowhowtomakefriends.5．Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveistoliveinharmonywithnature.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)1．(应用文写作之鼓励信)我必须说清楚，不管发生什么，我会永远支持你。(it作形式宾语)ImustmakeitclearthatIwillsupportyouforever，nomatterwhathappens.2．(读后续写之主旨升华)事实证明，帮助别人实现梦想让我更快乐。(Itturnsoutthat...)Itturnsoutthathelpingothersrealizetheirdreamsgivesmemorepleasure.3．这个咖啡馆是我第一次遇见我最好的朋友的地方。(where引导表语从句)ThiscafeiswhereImetmybestfriendforthefirsttime.4．我永远不会忘记我在中国度过的那个快乐而热闹的春节。(否定副词置于句首引起的倒装)NeverwillIforgetthehappyandlivelySpringFestivalIspentinChina.5．虽然又累又渴，但我们体验到了采摘桃子的乐趣。(状语从句的省略)Althoughtiredandthirsty，weexperiencedthejoyofpickingpeaches.Incomparisonwiththepast，people’sawarenesshasbeenimproveddramaticallyandtheconservationareasarebecominglarger,1.whichmakesthenumberofanimalsmultiply.Besides,2.owing(owe)tothesubstantialinterventionofthegovernment，effectivemeasures3.aretaken(take)toprotecttheecologyandkeepthebiologicalbalance.4.Apparently(apparent)，alltheeffortsarerewarding.Morelawswhichprotectanimalsfrom5.beingkilled(kill)comeintoeffect，leadingtoaharmonious6.coexistence(coexist)betweenmankind7.andanimals.However,8.toprotect(protect)theendangeredrareanimalsanddecreasethespreadofinfectious9.viruses(virus)fromwildanimals，weneedtokeephumansfrominvadingtheirhabitatsandestablishmore10.natural(nature)reserves.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇decreasev．(使)减少，(使)变小n．减少·decrease(from...)to...(从……)减少到……decreaseby...降低了……decreasein...在……方面减少/减小/下降·onthedecrease在减少(1)Thankstothegovernment’sintervention，thenumberofthepatientshasdecreasedto/bythreehundred.(2)Lastyearwitnessedadistinctdecreaseinturnoverofthiscompany.(3)(图表类作文)如上图所示，阅读电子书而不是纸质书的人数正在减少。Asisstatedintheabovegraph，thenumberofpeoplewhoreade-booksratherthanpaperbooksisdecreasing/onthedecrease.owev．应该做；对……负有……的义务；欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢·owesbsth＝owesthtosb欠某人某物owesthtosb/sth把某事归功于某人/某事oweittosbthat...把……归功于某人·owingto因为，由于(1)(应用文写作之道歉信)我欠你一个道歉，因为周五下午我未能和你一起去书店。Ioweyouanapology/oweanapologytoyoufornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.(2)(应用文写作之感谢信)我在英语学习上的巨大进步都归功于您，任何语言都不足以表达我衷心的感谢。IowemygreatprogressinEnglishlearningtoyou/IoweittoyouthatIhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishlearning，sonowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitude.(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道：“正是因为您的鼓励，我才能够克服内心的恐惧，在越野赛中挑战自我。”Davidwasoutofbreathatthefinishingline，saying，“ItisowingtoyourencouragementthatIcanovercomemyinternalpanictochallengemyselfinthecross-countryrun.”comparisonn．比较(comparev．比较；匹敌；比喻；相比n．比较)·bycomparison相比之下，相较而言incomparisonwith与……相比较·compare...with...把……和……相比较compare...to...把……比作……beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比，举世无双·comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作状语)(1)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)与过去相比，越来越多的青少年更喜欢在网上学习。相比之下，在线学习的便利性和灵活性是无与伦比的，但青少年显然会面临更多的诱惑。因此，如何成为聪明的在线学习者是非常重要的。Comparedto/with/Incomparisonwiththepast，moreandmoreteenagerspreferstudyingonline.Bycomparison，convenienceandflexibilityofonlinelearningisbeyond/withoutcompare，butteenagerswillapparentlyfacemoretemptations.Sohowtobesmartonlinelearnersisofgreatsignificance.(2)(应用文写作之倡议书)书籍被比作人类进步的阶梯，因此，我主张我们应该在业余时间多读书。Booksarecomparedtotheladderofhumanprogress，andhence，Iadvocatethatweshouldenjoymorebooksinoursparetime.(3)(2021·上海6月，书面表达)在对比了这门课和那门课之后，我建议你选择中文听说课，这可以帮助你尽快适应课堂。Aftercomparingthiscoursewiththatone，IrecommendyoutochooseChineselisteningandspeakingcourse，whichcanhelpyouadaptyourselftoclassassoonaspossible.dieout灭绝dieaway(声音、风、光线等)渐息；渐弱dieof死于(疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等自身原因)diefrom死于(意外等外部原因)(be)dyingtodosth极想做某事bedyingforsth渴望/想要某物(1)Apparently，thegirlisdyingtoparticipate(participate)intheEnglishcontest.(2)It’ssaidthattherarebirddiedouthundredsofyearsago.(3)Accordingtostatistics，amanismorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancerasawoman.(4)(应用文写作之申请信)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。Iamdyingtohave/forthechancetobeavolunteer.Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.用法点拨表示“渴望”的短语还有：longfor，longtodo，behungryfor，bethirstyfor，desiretodo，bekeento，beeagerto，beanxiousto等。outofcontrol失去控制；无法管理incontrolof控制……inthecontrolof由……控制，被……控制undercontrol在控制之中beyondcontrol无法控制losecontrolof失去对……的控制takecontrolof控制……(读后续写之情感描写)我的车在半山腰失去了控制，我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了。幸运的是，我最终控制了我的车，我松了口气。Mycarwasbeyondcontrol/outofcontrol/Ilostcontrolofmycarhalfwayupthehillandmyheartwasinmymouth.Luckily，Itookcontrolofmycar/mycarwasundercontrol/Iwasincontrolofmycar/mycarwasinthecontrolofmeintheendandIsighedinrelief.否定副词置于句首引起的倒装句Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants，includingroyalpenguins，kingpenguins，andelephantseals，existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。否定副词置于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词以及含有否定词或否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，notuntil，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，nosooner...than...，hardly...when...，innosense，innoway，innocase，bynomeans，onnoaccount，atnotime，undernocircumstances等。(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我一听到这个激动人心的消息，就愣在那里，不敢相信自己的耳朵。我从来没有想到我会在写作比赛中获得第一名。NosoonerhadIlearned/learntabouttheexcitingnewsthanIfrozethere，unabletobelievemyears.NeverhadIthoughtthatIwouldwinfirstprizeinthewritingcontest.(2)母亲那句鼓舞人心的话仍然在我的脑海里回响：“在得到这份工作之前，你绝不能放弃。”Mymother’sinspiringwordsstillechoedinmymind，“Innoway/Onnoaccount/Undernocircumstancesshouldyougiveupbeforesecuringthisjob.”(3)(2023·上海6月，书面表达)Thecameranotonlyrepresentsmychildhoodinthebestpossiblemannerbutitalsorepresentsmyloveforcapturingmoments.＝Notonlydoesthecamerarepresentmychildhoodinthebestpossiblemannerbutitalsorepresentsmyloveforcapturingmoments.(改写为倒装句)(4)Ihardlythinkitpossibletofinishtheworkbeforedark.＝HardlydoIthinkitpossibletofinishtheworkbeforedark.(改写为倒装句)(5)(读后续写之升华句)直到我经历了这场事故，我才明白坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。①Iwasn’tawarethatbadfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopeneduntilIexperiencedtheaccident.②NotuntilIexperiencedtheaccidentwasIawarethatbadfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopened.(改写为倒装句)提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．trapeq\x(A.n.陷阱B.vt.使困住C.n.圈套；诡计D.vt.诱骗)(1)Someminersweretrappedundergroundafterthecollapse.B(2)Wereyoujustgoingtotrapherintomakingthedecision？D(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)You’llheartheseparticipants’storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem，andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.A(4)Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.C2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Itispossibletomultiplythesebacteriainthelaboratory.(使)繁殖，增殖(2)Heisnotanythinglikehistwinsisterwhoisoutgoingandhasastrongappetiteforsuccess.强烈欲望(3)(2019·北京)Afterwards，sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner.获得(4)(2020·浙江7月)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.状态Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Althoughhefailedtolive(live)uptohisparents’expectations，hisdevotionwastosomeextentmeaningful.2．Inmyopinion，heisstubborn，whichmakesitimpossibletopersuadehimtoassistus.3．Mytwinsaredyingforaboxofchocolates，whilemywifeisdyingtosee(see)theexhibit.4．Trapped(trap)intheruins，thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude，expectingsomegenerouscomradestorescueher.5．Avanwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothefrontoftheclinic.6．Thespecialisthasanappetitefortravelinginhissparetimetorelieveheavypressure.7．Thenumberofwildanimalshasbeenonthedecreaseinthepastfewyears.8．It’smygreathonortodeliveraspeechonhowtobuildaharmoniouscampusonbehalfofmyschool.9．Bycomparison(compare)，Iwouldrathertakepartinthisrewardingandmeaningfulactivity.10．IoweittoyouthatIcanhandlethecultureshocksosuccessfully.假设你班最近召开了一个关于环境保护environmentalprotection的主题班会，请代表你所在的小组作一个主题发言。内容要点：1.目前存在的环境问题或现象；2.为了保护环境，各国政府所做的努力；3.你的看法完成句子1．与过去相比，目前的环境保护仍然存在许多问题。(comparison)2．由于人类活动，空气、水和土壤的污染非常严重，对全球生态系统产生了不良影响。(owingto)3．动物、森林和海洋资源的数量正在减少。(decrease)4．尽管面对严峻的挑战，但许多国家的政府采取了许多有效的措施来保护脆弱的环境。(状语从句的省略)5．直到每个国家和每个人都共同努力时，我们才能拥有一个更好的环境。(倒装句)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文Dearclassmates，Ifeelgreatlyprivilegedtovoicemyopinionsaboutprotectingtheenvironmentonbehalfofmygroup.Incomparisonwiththepast，therearestillmanyproblemsofenvironmentalprotectionatpresent.Owingtohumanactivity，thepollutionofair，waterandsoilissoseriousthatithasabadeffectontheglobalecosystem.Forinstance，thenumberofanimals，forestsandsearesourcesisdecreasingandit’shightimetosavethemfromdisappearing.Althoughfacedwithseriouschallenges，governmentsofmanycountrieshavetakennumerouseffectivemeasurestoprotectthedelicateenvironment.AsfarasIamconcerned，notuntileverycountryandeveryindividualmakejointeffortscanwehaveabetterenvironment.Thanksforyourlistening.教材语料整合亮词[生态环保描写]habitat；multiply；conservation；decrease；ecology；endangered美句Strongwindsandstormyseashavehelpedsculptitslong，thinshape.Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscapecontrastdramatically，givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.(环境描写)拓展语料积累动作细节描写：看(一)单词see看见watch观看observe观察view把……视为spot注意到，发现词块lockone’seyeson盯着take/castaglanceat...向……看一眼gapeat目瞪口呆地看comeintoview进入视野eyeswiden瞪大眼睛peepat/through偷看glanceat/around/back/up/down瞥一眼/环视/回头看/向上看/向下看catchaglimpseof瞥见stealaglanceat偷偷瞥一眼句型Itiptoedforwardandglancedbackovermyshoulderfromtimetotimetomakesurethatnoonewasfollowingme.我踮着脚尖向前走，不时回头看一眼，以确保没有人在跟踪我。Seeingnootherpeoplenoticeme，IplacedtheChristmaspresentdown，poundedthedoorbellandthenhidquicklybehindabigtree，peepingatthedoorway.(现在分词短语作状语)看到没有人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物，按了按门铃，然后迅速躲在一棵大树后面，向门口窥视。Jamescameout，glancedaroundandspottedthebox，hiseyeswideninginsurprise.(动作链描写)詹姆斯走了出来，环顾四周，发现了盒子，他惊讶地睁大了眼睛。Hearingthat，Igapedatmymother，withmyeyesopeninsurprise.(with复合结构)听了这话，我惊讶地瞪大眼睛看着母亲。Watchingwhatmysonshaddone，Icouldn’thelpexclaiming，“Howwarm-heartedtheyare！”(现在分词短语作状语)看着儿子们所做的一切，我不禁惊呼：“他们真是太热心了！”语料运用植树造林AforestcameintoviewandIglancedaround，enjoyingthesurroundingbeautifulscenery.Myuncletoldme“①Thehabitatsofanimalsaswellastheecologyoftheareahadbeendestroyedandtheforestusedtobeawasteland.Later，owingtosomeconservationmeasures，thisforestappearedagain.”②Hearingthat，Igapedatmyuncle，withmyeyesopeninsurprise(with复合结构)．Thedeeperwewalked，themoreanimalswespottedintheforest.Someanimalslockedtheireyesonuscuriouslywhilesomejust③peepedat/stoleaglanceatustimidly.④Watchingtheselovelyanimalsandgreentrees(现在分词短语作状语)，Icouldn’thelpexclaiming，“Thewaythenaturetreatsusisthesamewetreatit.Toliveinharmonywithit，weareexpectedtorespectit.”一片森林映入眼帘，我环顾四周，欣赏着周围的美景。我叔叔告诉我：“动物的栖息地和这个地区的生态都被破坏了，这片森林曾经是一片荒地。后来，由于一些保护措施，这片森林又出现了。”听了这话，我惊讶地瞪大眼睛，目瞪口呆地看着叔叔。我们走得越深，在森林里看到的动物就越多。有些动物好奇地盯着我们，有些动物只是胆怯地瞟了我们一眼。看着这些可爱的动物和绿树，我不禁感叹道：“大自然对待我们的方式和我们对待它的方式是一样的。为了与它和谐相处，我们应该尊重它。”高考题型组合练29提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关Ⅰ.阅读理解AThroughoutalltheeventsinmylife，oneinparticularsticksoutmorethantheothers.AsIreflectonthissignificantevent，asmilespreadsacrossmyface.AsIthinkofShanda，Ifeellovedandgrateful.Itwasmytwelfthyearofdancing，Ithoughtitwouldenduplikeanyotheryear：stuckinemptiness，forgottenandwithoutthebeliefofanyteacherorfriendthatIreallyhadthepotentialtoachievegreatness.However，ImetShanda，ayoung，talentedchoreographer(编舞者)．Sheinfluencedmetoworktothebestofmyability，pushedmetokeepgoingwhenIwantedtogiveup，encouragedmeandshowedmetherealimportanceofdancing.Throughoutourhardwork，notonlydidmyabilitytodancegrow，butmyfriendshipwithShandagrewaswell.Withtheendoftheyearcameourshowtime.AsIwalkedtoabackstagefilledwithotherdancers，Ihopedforagoodperformancethatwouldprovemyimprovement.Iwaitedanxiouslyformyturn.Finally，afterwhatseemedlikedays，theloudspeakerannouncedmyname.ButterfliesfilledmystomachasItooktremblingstepsontothebiglightedstage.But，withthedeterminationtosucceedandeagernesstoliveuptoShanda’sexpectationsforme，Ibegantodance.AllmytroublesandnerveswentawayasIdancedmywholeheartout.AsIwalkeduptothejudgetoreceivemyfirst-placeshining，goldtrophy(奖杯)，Irealizedthatdanceisnotaboutbecomingthebest.Itisaboutlovingdancefordanceitself，agetawayfromallmyproblemsintheworld.Shandashowedmethatyoucouldleteverythinggoandjustdancewhatyoufeelatthatmoment.Afterallthedoubtsthatpeoplehadinme，Ibelievedinmyselfanddidnotcarewhatothersthought.ThankstoShanda，dancebecamemorethanaloveofmine，butapassion.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在编舞者杉达的帮助下，重燃对舞蹈的热情，最终获得金牌的故事。1．Whatdidtheauthorthinkherdancingwouldbeforthetwelfthyear?A．Achangeforthebetter.B．Adisappointmentasbefore.C．Aproofofherpotential.D．Aprideofherteachersandfriends.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Itwasmytwelfthyearofdancing，Ithoughtitwouldenduplikeanyotheryear：stuckinemptiness，forgottenandwithoutthebeliefofanyteacherorfriendthatIreallyhadthepotentialtoachievegreatness.”可知，作者认为第十二年她的舞蹈会和以前一样使人失望。故选B。2．HowdidShandahelptheauthor?A．Byofferingherfinancialhelp.B．Byenteringherinacompetition.C．Bycoachingherforlongerhours.D．Byawakeningherpassionfordancing.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sheinfluencedmetoworktothebestofmyability，pushedmetokeepgoingwhenIwantedtogiveup，encouragedmeandshowedmetherealimportanceofdancing.”可知，杉达鼓励作者，向作者展示了舞蹈真正的重要性，唤醒了作者对于舞蹈的热情，以此来帮助作者。故选D。3．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesteppedonthestage?A．Proud. B．Nervous.C．Scared. D．Relieved.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“ButterfliesfilledmystomachasItooktremblingstepsontothebiglightedstage.”可知，登上舞台时，作者感到很紧张。“Butterfliesinone’sstomach”为俚语，意为“心里紧张，七上八下”。故选B。4．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sstory?A．Successliesinpatience.B．Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.C．Agoodteachermatters.D．Ayouthistobetreatedwithrespect.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段及最后一段末句“ThankstoShanda，dancebecamemorethanaloveofmine，butapassion.”可推知，好的老师很重要。故选C。B(★)Anewstudyfoundsomeprimates(灵长类)areleavingtheirtreehomesandspendingmoretimeontheground.LedbyTimothyEppley，PhD，scientistsstudiednearly50speciesofmonkeysandlemurs(狐猴)tolookatthereasonbehindthesechanges.About15yearsago，Eppleyworkedwithsouthernbamboolemurs，whichwereknowntospendmostoftheirdaysinthetrees，feedingonbambooleaves.However，hewassurprisedtofindtheselemurswerespendingmosttimeonthegroundandhadanincrediblydiversediet.Hewonderedwhetherhabitatreductionandlimitedfoodresourceavailabilityweredrivingthemtomovetotheground.Thisinspiredhimtobeginthisstudy.HereachedouttoeveryresearcherhecouldfindwhomayhavesignificantdataonprimatesfromMadagascarortheAmericas，thetwoplaceswithalmostalltree-dwellingprimates.Eppleyexaminedmorethan150,000hoursofdataobservedon32monkeyspeciesand15lemurspeciesat68sites.Hefoundthattheyspentanaverageofonly2.5%oftheirtimeonthegroundeachmonth.Butthefindingsshowedsomeinterestingdifferences.“Ashabitatsaredegradedandtheclimateworsens，primatesthatareflexibleenoughtoadaptbecauseoftheirdiversedietsorliveinlargergroupsmaybemorelikelytoshifttolifeontheground，”Eppleysays.“However，otherspeciesthatrelyonfruitdietsorliveinsmallgroupsarelessadaptableandarelesswillingtoleavethetrees.Forthesespecies，wewillstillneedtoenforcefastandeffectiveconservationstrategiestoensuretheirsurvival.”Althoughmovingtothegroundhassomeadvantagesincertainsituations，primatescanfaceproblemswhentheyleavethetrees.Theycanbecomevictimsofotheranimalsanddiseases.Besides，theywillbefacedwithfindingappropriatefoodresourcesontheground，thushavingabroadorflexibledietisimportant.Primatesareimportantseedspreaderswithintheirforesthabitats.Thelossofprimateswouldleadtonegativeeffectsontheecosystem.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究发现：因为森林的破坏以及气候变化使得一些灵长类动物被迫选择了到地面生活。5．WhydidTimothyEppleybeginhisstudy?A．Totrytomakeprimatesmoreadaptive.B．Tostudyhowmonkeysdifferfromlemurs.C．Tofigureoutthereasonforthelossofbamboo.D．Tofindoutwhyprimatesareturningtotheground.答案D解析细节理解题。由第一段第二句和第二段中“Hewonderedwhetherhabitatreductionandlimitedfoodresourceavailabilityweredrivingthemtomovetotheground.Thisinspiredhimtobeginthisstudy.”可知，TimothyEppley开始研究是想找出灵长类动物选择地面生活的原因。故选D。6．HowdidTimothyEppleycarryouthisresearch?A．Bydoingexperiments.B．Byobservinginthewild.C．Bystudyingcollecteddata.D．Byinterviewingthelocals.答案C解析推理判断题。第四段讲到“Eppleyexaminedmorethan150,000hoursofdataobservedon32monkeyspeciesand15lemurspeciesat68sites.”可知，Eppley通过分析收集到的数据进行这项研究。故选C。7．Whichkindofprimatesaremorelikelytocomedownfromtrees?A．Thoseeatingdiversediets.B．Thosewithalargesize.C．Thosefeedingmainlyonfruits.D．Thoselivinginsmallgroups.答案A解析细节理解题。第五段讲到“primatesthatareflexibleenoughtoadaptbecauseoftheirdiversedietsorliveinlargergroupsmaybemorelikelytoshifttolifeontheground”可知，那些饮食多样化的灵长类动物更倾向于到地面生活。故选A。8．Whatwillbecomeaconcernaccordingtothestudy?A．Animalswillbecomelessadaptive.B．Theforestecosystemwillbecomeworse.C．Morenaturalhabitatswillbelost.D．Moreanimal-relateddiseaseswillappear.答案B解析细节理解题。最后一段讲到“Primatesareimportantseedspreaderswithintheirforesthabitats.Thelossofprimateswouldleadtonegativeeffectsontheecosystem.”可知，在森林里灵长类动物是植物种子的重要传播者，如果它们到地面上栖息，将会影响森林的生态系统。故选B。C(★)Warmeroceanscancausecoral(珊瑚)bleaching.Bleachinghappenswhenthecoral，coloniesoftinyanimalscalledpolyps，losecoloredalgae(藻类)livingintheirbodiesandturncompletelywhite.Withoutthealgae，thecorallosesitsmainfoodsourceandcandie.In2021，theUnitedNationsreporteda14percentlossofcoralsacrosstheworldlargelyfromrisingseatemperaturesintheprevious13years.Australiadeclaredmassbleachingeventsin2022acrosslargepartsoftheGreatBarrierReef，thefourthsince2016.ReefsinHawaii，Florida，andtheCaribbeanwereallseverelyaffected，butthankfullysomecoralareaswerenot.Scientistslookedintothecharacteristicsofthesecoralsandtheirecosystemstoseehowotherscouldbeprotected.Warmwaterreefsinthetropicsaretheworstaffectedbybleaching，buttheyalsocontaincoralswithbetterheatresistance.Researchisfocusedonfindinggenesforheattolerancesothattheycanbepassedontofuturegenerations.Biologistsmixcoralsthataremoreresilienttohighertemperatureswiththosethatarenotandtheresultinghybridgenerationhasabetterchanceofsurvival.ResearchersinFlorida’sreefshavebeenusingoceannurseriestoreplantcoralwithbatchesthatcontaingenesresistanttoheat，acidification，anddisease.Thoseareashaverecoveredwithinayear.OtherprojectslikeReviveandRestoreareusingmethodslikepreservingoldercoralpopulations’spermandeggs(biobanking)andusingcoralswithbetteradaptabilitycharacteristicsinbreeding.Theprojectalsobelievesthatboostingbiodiversitybyrestoring(恢复)seabirdstoislands，andriddingthemofinvasivespecieslikerats，helpscoralreefsthrive.Ultimately，scientistssaythatwithoutaseriousreductioningreenhousegasemissions,99percentoftheworld’scoralreefswillbegonebytheendofthecentury.Thereisalimittohowquicklycoralcanadapt，especiallygiventherateofclimatechange.Computersimulationshaveshownthatmildormoderatewarmingallowscoraltoadapt，butiftemperaturesriserapidlythenextinctioniscertain.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述珊瑚的现状及应对珊瑚消亡的策略。9．Whatmainlycausescoralbleaching?A．Lossofalgae. B．Lackoffood.C．Warmoceans. D．Oceanpollution.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段“Warmeroceanscancausecoral(珊瑚)bleaching...thecorallosesitsmainfoodsourceandcandie.”可知，日益变暖的海洋可能会引起珊瑚白化，但根本原因是当生存在珊瑚体内的有色藻类植物丧失以后，珊瑚就会变白，珊瑚的白化现象也就出现了。故选A。10．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Coralreefsintropicsare