初高中英语衔接：时态语态课件

TheTenseandTheVoice——Summarizetherulesofdifferenttensesandvoices.Learningobjectives:1.Furtherknowandunderstandtheuseoftenseandvoice.2.Summarizetherulesofdifferenttensesandvoicesbylearning.3.Expressyourselfcorrectlywithnewknowledge.一、时态：动作行为的时间和状态现在过去将来过去将来一般时一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时一般过去将来时进行时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时过去将来进行时完成时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来完成时完成进行时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时时间状态二、时态的基本用法1.一般现在时(Thesimplepresenttense)例子：Tomgetsupearlyeverymorning.Ioftenhavebreakfastat7o’clock.

Heusuallydoesn’thavelunchat11o’clock.例子：Theearthissmallerthanthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.2.一般过去时（Thesimplepasttense)例子：Yesterdaywewenttothepark.

Thebookwastheretenminutesago.

Hedidn'tworkforus.（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与always,usually,often,sometimes,never，everyday等连用。（2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,lastnight,theotherday,justnow,then等，谓语动词要用过去时。3.一般将来时一般将来时的表达方法：（1）begoingtodosth.例子：He’sgoingtoNewYorknextweek.Itisgoingtorain.I’mnotgoingtoeatdinnerthisevening.（2）“shall/will+do”表示将来。例子：Tomwillhelpyoutomorrow.Theywon’twatchTVthisevening.Weshallsendherabook.4.现在进行时例子：Whatareyoudoingnow?--Iamreadingabook.Heisn’tstudyingnow.Theyaredoinghomeworknow.表示将来要发生的动作或状态。常见时间标志：tomorrow，soon，next Monday/weekend，this afternoon/evening等。表示计划、安排或有迹象表明要发生的事情。表示目前正在发生的动作或目前所处的状态。常见时间标志：now，atthemoment等5.过去进行时

例子：Wewereswimmingatthistimeyesterday.Hewasn’thavingalessonatthistimeyesterday.IwaswatchingTVwhenmymothercamein.6.现在完成时常用的时间状语有yet,already,ever,lately,recently，since+时间点，for+一段时间，thesedays,sofar,uptonow,eversince,sincethen,bythetime,foralongtime,overthepastfewyears等例子：Wehavedoneourhomework.Shehasn’twashedclothes.Hehasworkedinthathospitalfor3years.Ithasbeen10yearssinceIlastsawhim.

表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常见时间标志：justthen那时;atthis/thattime在这/那时;atthistimeyesterday在昨天这个时候(1).动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成,表示过去发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果。(2).动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。

二、Voice语态语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态(activevoice)和被动语态(passivevoice)。1.主动语态 

主语是动作的发出者和执行者，表示某人做某事。例子：Iplaybasketball.Heplayedtabletennis.Thetreegrowsup.2.被动语态主语是动作的承受者,表示某人或某物被怎样,强调动作的承受者。

例子：一般现在时：Webelievehim.am/is/are+done→Heisbelievedbyus.一般过去式：Heboughtsomepens.was/were+done→Somepenswereboughtbyhim.一般将来时①：Everyonewillknowthetruth.

→Thetruthwillbeknownbyeveryone.willbe+done一般将来时②：Wearegoingtodiscusstheproblematthemeetingtomorrow.→Theproblemisgoingtobediscussedbyusatthemeetingtomorrow.

am/is/are+goingto+bedone现在完成时：Hehasfinishedhomework.→Homeworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.have/hasbeen+done现在进行时：Sheisplayingthepiano.→Thepianoisbeingplayedbyher.am/is/are+being+done

过去进行时：Theywerecleaningthehouseatthistimeyesterday.→Thehousewasbeingcleanedbythematthistimeyesterday.

was/were+being+done情态动词被动语态：Icanfinishthework.→Theworkcanbefinishedbyme.can/could/should/must/may/might等情态动词+be+done一、1.一般现在时ThecatislookedafterbyJane.2.一般将来时AmatchwillbeheldbyusnextSunday.3.一般过去时Alltheworkwasfinishedbymelasttime.4.现在完成时Thebookhavealreadybeenpublishedbythem.5.一般现在时Deliciousmealscanbecookedbymymother.（选做）6.过去进行时Abookwasbeingreadbyhimatthistimeyesterday.（选做）7.现在进行时Englishsongsarebeingsungbyth