2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions-Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesayinguIfyoucannotdogreat

things,dosmallthingsinagreatway."Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleast150

wordsbutnomorethan200words.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

PartllListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,

oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA)9B),C)andD),and

decidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

I、A)ThemanmightbeabletoplayintheWorldCup.

B)Theman'sfootballcareerseemstobeatanend.

C)Themanwasoperatedonafewweeksago.

D)Themanisafanofworld-famousfootballplayers.

2、A)Workoutaplantolightenhisbudget.C)Applyforaseniorpositionintherestaurant.

B)Findouttheopeninghoursofthecafeteria.D)Solvehisproblembydoingapart-timejob.

3、A)Afinancialburden.C)Arealnuisance.

B)Agoodcompanion.D)Awell-trainedpet.

4、A)Theerrorswillbecorrectedsoon.C)Thecomputingsystemistoocomplex.

B)Thewomanwasmistakenherself.D)Hehascalledthewomanseveraltimes.

5、A)Heneedshelptoretrievehisfiles.C)Heneedssometimetopolishhispaper.

B)Hehastotypehispaperoncemore.D)Hewillbeawayforatwo-weekconference.

6、A)Theymighthavetochangetheirplan.C)Hehasaheavierworkloadthanthewoman.

B)Hehasgoteverythingsetfortheirtrip.D)TheycouldstayinthemountainsuntilJune8.

7、A)Theyhavetowaitamonthtoapplyforastudentloan.

B)Theycanfindtheapplicationformsinthebrochure.

C)Theyarcnoteligibleforastudentloan.

D)Theyarenotlateforaloanapplication.

8、A)Newlawsarcyettobemadetoreducepollutantrelease.

B)Pollutionhasattractedlittleattentionfromthepublic.

C)Thequalityofairwillsurelychangeforthebetter.

D)It'lltakeyearstobringairpollutionundercontrol.

Questions9to12arcbasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard

9、A)Enormoussizeofitsstores.C)Itsappealingsurroundings.

B)Numerousvarietiesoffood.D)Itsrichandcolorfulhistory.

10NA)Anancientbuilding.C)AnEgyptianmuseum.

B)Aworldofantiques.D)AnEgyptianmemorial.

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

11>A)Itspowerbillreaches£9millionayear.C)Itsuppliespowertoanearbytown.

B)Itsellsthousandsoflightbulbsaday.D)Itgenerates70%oftheelectricityituses.

12、A)11500.B)30000.C)250000.D)300000.

Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

13、A)Transferringtoanotherdepartment.C)Thinkingaboutdoingadifferentjob.

B)Studyingaccountingatauniversity.D)Makingpreparationsfbrherwedding.

14、A)Shehasfinallygotapromotionandapayraise.

B)Shehasgotasatisfactoryjobinanothercompany.

C)Shecouldatlastleavetheaccountingdepartment.

D)Shemanagedtokeepherpositioninthecompany.

15、A)HeandAndreahaveprovedtobeaperfectmatch.

B)Hechangedhismindaboutmarriageunexpectedly.

C)Hedeclaredthathewouldremainsingleallhislife.

D)HewouldmarryAndreaevenwithoutmeetingher.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissectionyouwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Both

thepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthe

fourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

PassageOne

Questions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16、A)Theyaremotorcyclesdesignatedfbrwatersports.

B)Theyarespeedyboatsrestrictedinnarrowwaterways.

C)Theyarebecominganefficientformofwatertransportation.

D)Theyaregettingmorepopularasameansofwaterrecreation.

17、A)Waterscooteroperators,lackofexperience.C)Overloadingofsmallboatsandothercraft.

B)Vacationers,disregardofwatersafetyrules.D)Carelessnessofpeopleboatingalongtheshore.

18、A)Theyscarewhalestodeath.C)Theydischargetoxicemissions.

B)Theyproducetoomuchnoise.D)Theyendangerlotsofwaterlife.

19、A)Expandoperatingareas.B)Limittheuseofwaterscooters.

C)Restrictoperatinghours.D)Enforcenecessaryregulations.

PassageTwo

Questions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

20、A)Theyarestable.B)Theyareclose.C)Theyarestrained.D)Theyarechanging.

21sA)Theyarefullyoccupiedwiththeirownbusiness.

B)Notmanyofthemstayinthesameplacefbrlong.

C)Notmanyofthemcanwintrustfromtheirneighbors.

D)Theyattachlessimportancetointerpersonalrelations.

22>A)Countoneachotherforhelp.C)Keepafriendlydistance.

B)Giveeachotheracoldshoulder.D)Buildafencebetweenthem.

PassageThree

Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

23、A)Itmayproduceanincreasingnumberofidleyoungsters.

B)ItmayaffectthequalityofhighereducationinAmerica.

C)Itmaycausemanyschoolstogooutofoperation.

D)Itmayleadtoalackofproperlyeducatedworkers.

2

24、A)Itislessseriousincitiesthaninruralareas.

B)Itaffectsbothjuniorandseniorhighschools.

C)Itresultsfromaworseningeconomicclimate.

D)ItisanewchallengefacingAmericaneducators.

25、A)Allowingthemtochoosetheirfavoriteteachers.

B)Creatingamorerelaxedlearningenvironment.

C)Rewardingexcellentacademicperformance.

D)Helpingthemtodevelopbetterstudyhabits.

SectionC

Directions：Inthissection，youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttimefyoushould

listencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime，youarerequiredtofillintheblanks

withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhat

youhavewritten.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

I'minterestedinthecriminaljusticesystemofourcountry.Itseemstomethatsomethinghastobedone,ifwe'reto26

asacountry.Icertainlydon'tknowwhattheanswerstoourproblemsare.Thingscertainlyget27inahurrywhenyouget

intothem,butIwonderifsomethingcouldn'tbedonetodealwithsomeoftheseproblems.OnethingI'mconcernedaboutis

ourpracticeofputting28injailwhohaven'tharmedanyone.Whynotworkoutsomesystemwherebytheycanpaybackthe

debtstheyowesocietyinsteadof29anotherdebtbygoingtoprisonand,ofcourse,coming'30hardenedcriminals.I'm

alsoconcernedabouttheshortprisonsentencespeopleare31seriouscrimes.Ofcourseonealternativetothisisto32capital

punishment,butI'mnotsure1wouldbeforthat.I'mnotsureit，srighttotakeaneyeforaneye.Thealternativetocapital

punishmentislongersentencesobuttheywouldcertainlycostthetaxpayersmuchmoney.Ialsothinkwemustdosomething

abouttheinsanity33.Inmyopinion,anyonewhotakesanotherperson'slife34isinsane,however,thatdoesnotmean

thatthepersonisn*tguiltyofthecrime,orthatheshouldn*tpaysocietythedebtheowes.It,ssad,ofcourse,thataperson

mayhavetospendtherestofhislife,oralargepartofitinprisonforactsthathe35whilenotinfullcontrolofhismind.

PartHIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalist

ofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.

Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2with

asinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,

allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36bytravelagents

orhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutionized,asgreatertransparencyhelped37prices.

Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolution—thistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms—38

inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxis—allowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencestoralltosee.

Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry39，butbytheverypeopleforwhomthe

serviceisintended——thecustomer.Thishas40anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwith

theirfeet；theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41，oftenin

veryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful42toimproveservice.

Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys(行李员)inBerlinormalfunctioninghotel

hairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites'43toaggregate

alargevolumeofratings.

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

Theimpactcannotbe44Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedby

goodreviewsand45provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnow

hiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)accountableF)incentivesK)professionals

B)capacityG)occasionallyL)slash

C)controlledH)overstatedM)specializing

D)entailI)persistingN)spectators

E)forgedJ)pessimistic0)subsequently

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontains

informationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychoose

aparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet2.

PlasticSurgery

Abettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacks.

A)Athinmagneticstrip(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andthey'ebeen

workinghardtobreakin.That'swhy2014isshapingupasamajorshowdown:banks,lawenforcementandtechnology

companiesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddresses

andothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstores

wereaffectedinsomewayduringthemostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.

B)Swipe(刷卡)istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.In

severalrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-de/?〃-(借i己)orprepaid-cardnumbers

usingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyintotheretailers'point-of-salesystem—thecheckoutregisters.

Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycornersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolen

datawasshowinguponfokecardsandbeingusedfbronlinepurchases.

C)Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.Thefixisasecuritytechnologyusedheavily

outsidetheUS.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchofthe

restoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV(shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa)thatemploysachip

embeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN(personalidentificationnumber)to(验证)everytransactiononthe

spot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.(Onlinepurchasescanbe

madebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.)

D)Whyhaven'tbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,it'sallabout

relativecosts,saysDavidRobertson,whorunstheNilsonReport,anindustrynewsletter.t4Thecostofthecard,puttingthe

stickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,々油。(凸印)it,thesmallenvelope-allputtogether,you're

inthedollarrange.Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.(Once

largeissuersconverttogether,thechipcostsshoulddrop.)

E)Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheUS.Thenconsiderthatthere^an

estimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasis,saysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheUS,Americancredit-card

fraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.Cardissuershavesofarcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacks

liketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.

F)ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchases-and

leavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecurityexpertJeremy

Gumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythe

bankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinfbnnationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture.t4Malwarcis

scanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfbrdata,“hesays."Itcreatesatextfilethatgetsstolen.M

4

G)Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedis

encrypted(力口密).ThehistoricalreasontheUShasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Our

cheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefrictionless.InFrance,cardcompanies

createdEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolution

allowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.

H)Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.(It,sactuallya

hybird(混合体)thatwillstillhaveamagstripe,sincemostUSmerchantsdon'thaveEMVterminals.)Shouldyoutakethem

uponit?Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.

I)Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcard

fraudulently(欺诈'性的),it'stheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.Debitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimits

dependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud.t4Ififsavailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcard

fromyourbank,“saysEricAdamowsky,aco-fbundcrofCreditCardinsider,com."Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcards

becauseofliabilityissues.''Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.

J)Retailersandbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctanforyearsto

investinthenewinfrastructure(基袖设施)neededforthetechnology>especiallyifconsumersdon'lhaveaccesstoit.It'

sachicken-and-eggproblem:noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechip

cardsifshoppersaren'tcarryingthem—yetthere'slittlepointinconsumers?carryingthefancyplasticifstoresaren't

equippedtousethem.(AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.)AccordingtoGumbley,

there,sat4you-firstmentality.The如。〃7(僵局)hastobebroken.”

K)JPMorganChaseCEOJamieDimonrecentlyexpressedhiswillingnesstodoso,notingthatbanksandmerchantshavespent

thepastdecadesuingeachotheroverinterchangefees—thepercentageofthetransactionpricetheykeep—ratherthandeal

withthegrowinghackingproblem.Chaseoffersachip-enabledcardunderitsownbrandandseveralothersfortravel-related

companiessuchasBritishAirwaysandRitz-Carlton.

L)TheTargetandNeimanhackshavealsochangedthecostcalculation:althoughretailershavebeenreluctanttospendthe

$6.75billionthatCapgeminiconsultantsestimateitwilltaketoconvertalltheirregisterstobechip-and-PIN-compatible,the

potentialliabilitytheynowfaceisdramaticallygreater.Targethasbeenhitwithclassactionsfromhackedconsumers."It's

theultimatenightmare,aretailexecutivefromawell-knownchainadmittedtoTIME.

M)Thecard-paymentcompaniesMasterCardandVisaarepushinghardforchange.Thetwofirmshavewarnedallpartiesinthe

transactionchain-merchant,network,bank-thatiftheydon'tbecomeEMV-compliantbyOctober2015,thepartythatis

leastcompliantwillbearthefraudrisk.

N)Inthemeantime,app-equippedsmartphonesanddigitalwallets—allofwhichcanuseEMVtechnology-arebeginningto

makeinroads(侵染)oncardsandcash.PayPal,R)rinstance,istestinganappthatletsyouuseyourmobilephonetopayon

theflyatlocalmerchants-withoutsurrenderinganycardinformationtothem.Andfurtherdowntheroadisbiometric

authentication,whichcouldbeencryptedwith,say,afingerprint.

O)Creditanddebitcards,though,aregoingtobewithusfbrtheforeseeablefuture,andsoarehackers,ifwestickwithmagstripe

technology.4'Itseemscrazytome,“saysGumbley,whoisEnglish,uthatacutting-edge-technologycountryisdependingona

40-year-oldtechnology.ThatswhyitmaybeuptoconsumerstomovetheneedleonchipandPIN.SaysRobertson："When

yougettheconsumerintoapositionofworryandinconvenience,thafswheretherubberhitstheroad.''

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46.ItisbesttouseanEMVcardforinternationaltravel.

47.Personalinformationoncreditanddebitcardsisincreasinglyvulnerabletohacking.

48.TheFrenchcardcompaniesadoptedEMVtechnologypartlybecauseofinefficienttelephoneservice.

49.WhilemanycountriesusethesmarterEMVcards,theUSstillclingstoitsoldmagstripetechnology.

50.Attemptsarebeingmadetopreventhackersfromcarryingoutidentitytheft.

51.Creditcardsaremuchsafertousethandebitcards.

52.Bigbankshavebeenreluctanttoswitchtomoresecuretechnologybecauseofthehighercostsinvolved.

53.Thepotentialliabilityforretailersusingmagstripeisfarmorecostlythanupgradingtheirregisters.

54.TheuseofmagstripecardsbyAmericanretailersleavesconsumersexposedtotherisksoflosingaccountinformation.

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

55.ConsumerswillbeadrivingforcebehindtheconversionfrommagstripetoEMVtechnology.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements•For

eachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThereportfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticswasjustasgloomyasanticipated.UnemploymentinJanuaryjumpedtoa

16-yearhighof7.6percent,as598000jobswereslashedfromUSpayrollsintheworstsingle-monthdeclinesinceDecember,

1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,thereisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.But

Washingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.

Collectively,werelyontheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofan

arrayofdatathatweusetoassessifweredoingwellordoingbadly,andthatinturnshapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporate

budgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsaren'tanobjectivemeasureofreality；theyaresimply

abestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisa

myth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthemoredifficult.

First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60

000homes.Thereisanothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthe"payrollsurvey“thatassesses400000businessesbasedontheir

reportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydouble-countsomeone：ifyouareonepersonwith

twojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesn,tcapturethenumberofself-employed,andsosayslittle

abouthowmanypeoplearegeneratinganindependentincome.

Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly,peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthe

subjectissex,moneyoremployment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyou'reemployed,andyousayyes,you'reemployed.Ifyou

sayno,however,itmaysurpriseyoutolearnthatyouareonlyunemployedifyou'vebeenactivelylookingforworkinthepastfour

weeks；otherwise,youare“marginallyattachedtothelaborfbree“andnotactuallyunemployed.

Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinoursociety.Buttheideathatstatisticianscanthencaptureanobjectiverealityisn'tjust

impossible.Italsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicanscanandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,buta

morecrucialconcernisthatbotharebasingmajorpolicydecisionsonguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofraw

datawithacriticaleyeandanopenmind.

注意：此部分试题清在答题卡2上作答。

56.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A)TheUSeconomicsituationisgoingfrombadtoworse.

B)Washingtonistakingdrasticmeasurestoprovidemorejobs.

C)TheUSgovernmentisslashingmorejobsfromitspayrolls.

D)TherecenteconomiccrisishastakentheUSbysurprise.

57.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatistics?

A)Theyformasolidbasisforpolicymaking.C)Theysignalfutureeconomictrends.

B)Theyrepresentthecurrentsituation.D)Theydonotfullyreflectthereality.

58.Oneproblemwiththepayrollsurveyisthat.

A)itdoesnotincludeallthebusinessesC)itmagnifiesthenumberofthejobless

B)itfailstocountintheself-employedD)itdoesnottreatallcompaniesequally

59.Thehouseholdsurveycanbefaultyinthat.

A)peopletendtoliewhentalkingonthephone

B)noteverybodyiswillingorreadytorespond

C)somepeoplewon'tprovidetruthfillinformation

D)thedefinitionofunemploymentistoobroad

60.AttheendofthepassagcJheauthorsuggeststhat

A)statisticiansimprovetheirdata-asscmblingmethods

6

B)decisionmakersviewthestatisticswithacriticaleye

C)politicianslistenmorebeforemakingpolicydecisions

D)DemocratsandRepublicanscooperateoncrucialissues

PassageTwo

Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Atsomepointin2008,someone,probablyineitherAsiaorAfrica,madethedecisiontomovefromthecountrysidetothecity.

Thisnamelesspersonpushedthehumanraceoverahistoricthreshold,foritwasinthatyearthatmankindbecame,fbrthefirsttime

initshistory,apredominantlyurbanspecies.

Itisatrendthatshowsnosignofslowing.Demographers(人口统i十学家)reckonthatthree-quartersofhumanitycouldbe

city-dwellingby2050,withmostoftheincreasecominginthefast-growingtownsofAsiaandAfrica.Migrantstocitiesare

attractedbyplentifuljobs,accesstohospitalsandeducation,andtheabilitytoescapetheboredomofafarmer'sagriculturallife.

Thosefactorsarcmorethanenoughtomakeupforthesqualor(肮脏.),diseaseandspectacularpovertythatthosesamemigrants

mustoftenatfirstendurewhentheybecomeurbandwellers.

ItisthecitythatinspiresthelatestbookfromPeterSmith.Hismainthesisisthatthebuzzofurbanlife,andtheopportunities

itoffersforco-operationandc