Module9PopulationUnit3课件英语八年级上册

Unit

31.冠词的用法

冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种，不定冠词a/an仅用在可数名词单数前，表示“一”的意义，用于泛指。定冠词the表示“这”“那”“这些”“那些”的意思，在可数名词的单复数或不可数名词前都可以用，表示特指。

（1）不定冠词的用法

①泛指某一类人、事或物。例如：

An

elephant

is

much

stronger

than

a

man.

大象比人强壮得多。

②泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物。例如：

A

man

is

sitting

there.

一个男子正坐在那里。

③表示“每一”，相当于every。例如：

I

go

to

school

five

days

a

week.

我一周上五天学。

④表示“一个”的概念。例如：

I

have

a

sister.

我有一个妹妹。⑤用在某些固定词组中。例如：

a

lot

of

许多

【注意】a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前。

（2）定冠词的用法

①表示特指的人或物。例如：

The

children

are

coming.

孩子们就要来了。

②表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：

the

sun

太阳

③指说话双方都知道的人或物。例如：

Open

the

door,

please.请打开门。

④指上文提到过的人或物。例如：

I

have

a

car.

The

car

is

red.

我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。

⑤用于序数词、形容词或副词最高级前。例如：

The

first

lesson

is

the

easiest

one

in

this

book.

第一课是这本书中最简单的一课。

⑥用于专有名词、某些形容词、姓氏复数前。例如：

the

Great

Wall长城

the

poor穷人

the

Greens格林一家人

⑦用于乐器名称、方位词等前。例如：

play

the

piano弹钢琴

on

the

left在左边

（3）零冠词的用法

①在球类活动、学科名称前以及节日、月份、星期前不用冠词。例如：

play

basketball打篮球

②名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词等作定语时，名词前不用冠词。例如：

this

eraser这块橡皮擦

her

pen她的钢笔

③在某些固定短语或习惯用语中不用冠词。例如：

by

bus乘公共汽车

at

home在家2.大数字的表达法

用英语表达大数字时,每三位数字为一个单位，每个单位里的数字按照百、十、个位向后读，遵循百位以内数字的读法。而进位的读法则为thousand

（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）向上递增。例如：

6,500,431,729

读作six

billion,

five

hundred

million,

four

hundred

and

thirty-one

thousand,

seven

hundred

and

twenty-nine基础达标一、用a，an，the或“＼”填空。1.—Mum,whereismyshirt—It’sin____blackbagnearthedoor.the2.My

sister

never

has

___

breakfast.\\3.—Canyouplay___footballwithus—Sorry,Idon’thave___football.\\a4.Bob

has

____

orange

schoolbag.

It’s

very

beautiful.an5.Mike

had

___

cold.

He

needs

to

see

___

doctor.aa二、单项选择。1.DidyouknowthattheEarthishometo________animals()AA.millions

of

B.millions

C.million2.Itisrainingoutside.Whynottakean________withyou()BA.coat

B.umbrella

C.shirt3.There

are

two

________

pupils

in

this

school.(

)

AA.thousand

B.thousands

C.thousands

of4.—Canyouwritethenumberseventy-twothousand,fivehundredandtwenty-six—Yes,itis________.()CA.72,562

B.27,562

C.72,5265.Please

turn

to

page

________

and

look

at

the

pupils

in

this

school.(

)

BA.tenth

B.ten

C.the

tenth素养提升三、完形填空。

The

sky

was

clear

and

the

wind

was

gentle,

but

it

didn’t

make

me

feel

better.

On

my

way

to

the

.

.1.

.，

I

was

so

worried

about

my

mother.

Rushing

into

the

sickroom,

I

saw

my

mother

with

short

hair

lying

on

the

bed

in

a

mess,

and

in

her

arms

a

little

baby

was

crying.

Then

I

noticed

my

little

brother

—a

cute

and

small

baby.

He

was

like

a

toy

with

a

swollen（肿胀的）

face.

Seeing

him,

I

thought

everything

was

just

like

a

dream.

I

didn’t

.

.2.

.

him.

Everyone

congratulated（祝贺）

me

on

the

.

.3.

.

of

my

little

brother,

but

I

didn’t

feel

joyful.

I

felt

so

anxious（焦虑的）

that

I

couldn’t

imagine

what

life

would

be

like

living

with

a

baby.

Anyway,

.

.4.

.

new

chapter（篇章）

of

my

life

began.

Every

morning

at

5,

I

woke

up

by

his

crying.

Then

I

had

to

play

with

him

and

try

my

best

to

make

him

.

.5.

..

Yes,

I

had

to

act

like

a

big

sister.

At

first,

I

was

tired

of

this,

since

it

isn’t

an

easy

job

to

.

.6.

.

a

baby.

But

one

day,

while

we

were

playing

in

front

of

the

mirror,

I

smiled

at

him

and

suddenly

he

.

.7.

.

back.

Melted

by

his

cuteness,

my

heart

was

full

of

happiness.

All

my

.

.8.

.

went

away.

I

realized

that

living

with

a

baby

wasn’t

always

terrible.

I

gradually

found

that

life

is

more

.

.9.

.

ever

since

his

birth.

I

also

realized

how

hard

it

was

for

my

parents

when

I

was

a

kid.

I

love

my

family

even

more.

I

am

starting

an

unforgettable

journey

in

my

life

with

my

dear

brother

.

.10.

..1.(

)

A.school

B.library

C.hospitalC2.(

)

A.like

B.hate

C.understandA3.(

)

A.life

B.living

C.birthC4.(

)

A.other

B.others

C.anotherC5.(

)

A.sad

B.happy

C.boredB6.(

)

A.look

up

B.look

at

C.look

afterC7.(

)

A.smiled

B.cried

C.shoutedA8.(

)

A.illness

B.tiredness

C.happinessB9.()A.difficult Bfortable C.interestingC10.(

)

A.excitedly

B.unluckily

C.terriblyA四、阅读理解。

Peru

（秘鲁）,

the

fifth

largest

Latin

American

country,

had

a

population

around

14

million

in

the

1960s.

Almost

half

of

these

people

lived

in

the

city

areas

（地区）.

Around

Lima,

there

were

20%

of

the

total

（总数）

population

in

1961.

The

population

here

grew

faster

than

anywhere

else

in

Peru

and

in

another

35

years

reached

1/3

of

the

total

population.

About

45%

of

the

people

were

Indians

and

50%

were

white

or

mixed

（混合人种）

and

the

others

were

Asians,

black

people

or

people

from

other

countries.

In

island

areas,

only

about

half

of

the

people

could

read

and

write,

but

at

the

places

near

the

sea,

2/3

of

the

people

could

read

and

write.

根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE()AA.Four

countries

are

larger

than

Peru

in

Latin

America.B.Peru

is

the

largest

country

in

Latin

America.C.Peru

is

the

fifth

largest

country

in

North

America.2.HowmanyPeruvians（秘鲁人）livedinthecountryareas()BA.About

14,000,000.

B.About

7,000,000.

C.About

4,000,000.3.By

the

year

1996,

the

population

in

Lima

was

possibly

about

________.(

)

CA.2,800,000

B.7,000,000

C.4,800,0004.In

the

past

35

years,

the

population

in

Lima

grew

faster

than

________.(

)

BA.any

place

in

PeruB.any

other

place

in

PeruC.any

place

in

Latin

America5.People

living

along

the

sea

were

possibly

________.(

)

AA.better

educated

（受到教育的）B.worse

educatedC.poorer

in

reading五、书面表达。

国家开放三孩政策后，很多家庭都可能有新的成员加入，那我们的生活会怎样呢？你会为家里做些什么？假设你现在是家里唯一的孩子，请以“If

I

have

a

new

brother

or

sister”为题，根据要点提示并作适当发挥，写一篇80词左右的短文阐述你的感受和做法。

内容提示：1.感到高兴，因为有弟弟或妹妹可以一起玩……2.会为家里做些事情，比如打扫卫生……3.会帮忙照顾弟弟或妹妹，带他/她出去散步……

参考词汇：有某人一起玩have

sb.

to

play

with；做家务do

some

housework；带某人去散步take

sb.

for

a

walkIf

I

have

a

new

brother

or

sister#b#__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I

think

my

life

will

be

different

if

I

have

a

new

brother

or

sister.

I’ll

be

very

happy.

Because

I’ll

have

a

younger

brother

or

sister

to

play

with

and

talk

with.

I

want

to

say

thanks

to

my

parents.

I

will

do

something

for

my

family.

On

weekends,

I’ll

help

my

mum

do

some

housework,

such

as

cleaning

the

room

and

sweeping

the

floor.

I’ll

learn

to

look

after

myself.

Because

my

parents

are

too

busy

to

lookafter

both

of

us.

After

my

younger

brother

or

sister

is

born,

I’ll

help

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________my

mother

look

after

him

or

her.

When

I

am

free,

I’ll

take

him

or

her

for

a

walk

and

play

with

him

or

her.

And

I’ll

help

him

or

her

with

his

or

her

study

when

he

or

she

is

old

enough

to

go

to

school.

In

a

word,

I’m

getting

ready

for

the

coming

of

my

younger

brother

or

sister.知识清单重点短语1._________________……的人口thepopulationof…2.____________为……做准备preparefor…3.__________太（多）toomuch4.________例如suchas5.___________发生takeplace6._______________等一下hangonaminute7.____________做笔记makenotes8.____________关闭closedown9.________搬到moveto10._______________公共服务publicservice11.________________解决问题solveaproblem12.__________________努力做makeanefforttodo13._____________从……中减少……reduce...from…14.________________满足……的需要meettheneedsof重点句型1._______________________________纽约的人口是多少？What’sthepopulationofNewYork2.______________________________________________.我正在为一篇叫作《世界人口》的报告做准备。I’mpreparingareportcalled“Theworld’spopulation”3.________________我简直无法相信!Ican’tbelieveit!4._________________________________________而且这个数字在2030年会上升到85亿。Andthenumberwillclimbto8.5billionin2030.5._________________________________________________________________人口增长最大的将会发生在印度、尼日利亚和巴基斯坦。Thelargestincr