广东省珠海市斗门第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题

珠海市斗门区第一中学2022—2023学年度下学期高二期中考试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。考试时间为120分钟，满分120分第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOccasionslikeanniversaries,weddingsandreunionscallforspecialeventvenues（场地）.Thefollowingplacesmayhaveawayout.There'snoneedtospendmoneycreatingatmosphereatspecialeventvenues.It'sbuiltrightin!HardRockCafeAnchorage415E.STREET,ANCHORAGE,ALASKA99501Events,likegreatmusicarebornofinspiration.Featuringa13,600squarefootfacilitythatwillseat275guestswithprivateeventspace,weprideourselvesondeliveringanexceptionalexperiencewitharockandrolltwistforeachofourguests.BusinessExpoCenter1960S.ANAHEIMWAY,ANAHEIM,CALIFORNIA92805TheBusinessExpoCenterisOrangeCounty'spremiereventvenueinAnaheim,California.Ourflexible36,000squarefootexpocenterishometospaceforconferences,tradeshowsandcelebrations.Weprideourselvesonprovidingamemorableexperiencewithexcellentflexibility,services,andcostsavings.Wewon'tchargecustomersforonsiteparkingandprovidehighspeedWiFi.AutomobileDrivingMuseum610LAIRPORTSTREET,ELSEGUNDO,CALIFORNIA90245CentrallylocatedintheSouthBaybeachmunityofElSegundo,California,theADMoffersawonderfulvenueforprivatepartiesandcorporateevents.Convenientlylocated5minutessouthofLAX,rightoffthe405and105Freeways,the610Lairportspacehasavintagefeelsurroundedbyourprimaryautomobilecollection.Weofferseveraldifferentvenuesinsideandoutsideourfacilityfordiverseevents.Tobetterourservice,reservationsareneeded.YamashiroHollywood1999N.SYCAMOREAVE.,LOSANGELES,CALIFORNIA90068YamashiroHollywoodisarestaurantandtherefore,allfoodandbeveragesmustbehandledinhouse.However,guestsareallowedtobringinoutsidewineandchampagneforacorkagefee.1.WhatcanyoudoinBusinessExpoCenter?A.Enjoyfreeparking.B.Bringinoutsidewine.C.Experiencearockandrolltwist.D.Seesomeautomobilecollections.2.Whichvenuedoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.BusinessExpoCenter.B.YamashiroHollywood.C.HardRockCafeAnchorage.D.AutomobileDrivingMuseum.3.Whatdothefourvenueshaveinmon?A.Theyofferoptionalplaces.B.Theyareopentospecialevents.C.Theyarelocatedinthesamestate.D.Theyenjoyconvenienttransportation.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个适合举办周年纪念日、婚礼和团聚等活动的场所。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BusinessExpoCenter部分中的“Wewon'tchargecustomersforonsiteparkingandprovidehighspeedWiFi.”可知，我们不会向客户收取现场停车费，并且会提供高速WiFi，由此可知，在商务会展中心你可以享受免费停车，故A项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AutomobileDrivingMuseum部分中的“Tobetterourservice,reservationsareneeded.”可知，为了让您获得更好的服务，需要预订，由此可知，汽车驾驶博物馆需要提前预订，故D项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Occasionslikeanniversaries,weddingsandreunionscallforspecialeventvenues.Thefollowingplacesmayhaveawayout.”可知，像周年纪念日、婚礼和聚会这样的场合需要特殊的活动场所，以下地方就是这样的场所，由此可知，这四个场馆的共同之处是它们都对对特殊活动开放，故B项正确。BMalloryHaskesurfsnearlyeverydayinthesummer,anditreallyannoyshertoseetrashinthewateroronthebeach.SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatconnectedsurfingandtrash.Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.“Thefeelingofcatchingawaveisfantastic.It’ssuchamentalrelease,”saidHaske,standingonthebeachwaxing(上蜡)hernewlyfinishedtrashboard.“Ireallyhopeitfloats.”HerteacherassignedtheprojectmonthsagoandwassurprisedtoseehowHaske’senthusiasmaboutitgrewthroughouttheschoolyear.“Noteverystudentfoundherpassion,butshedid,”saidtheteacher.“I’msuperproudofher.”Overthewinter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fastfoodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.“Itwasdefinitelyauniquechallenge,”Haskesaid.Shelandedasponsorandraisedmoneyfromfriendstocreatethesurfboard,whichcostabout$1,000.Hasketookcustomordersandhelpedpeoplebuildtheirownsurfboards.Makingoneoutoftrashwasafirstforher.Nearlytheentireboardwasmadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.OnTuesdayafterschool,Haskewentoutandattemptedtorideawaveonhernewboard,butthemostlyflatconditionsmadeitdifficult.Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.“It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,”Haskesaidafteringoutofthewater.“It’smadeforlargewaves.”4.WhydidHaskemakethesurfboard?A.Toputtrashtothebestuse. B.Totakeasurfingpetition.C.Topursueherpassionforsurfing. D.Todrawattentiontooceanpollution.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHaske?A.Proudandreliable. B.Responsibleandinnovative.C.Toughandfaithful. D.Imaginativeanddesperate.6.HowdidHaskemakethesurfboard?A.Withthehelpofenvironmentalists.B.Bycooperatingwithherparents.C.Byusingthetrashcollectedfromthebeach.D.Undertheguidanceofherteacher.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upbeat”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Optimistic. B.Cautious. C.Peaceful. D.Discouraged.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了MalloryHaske利用海边捡垃圾来制作冲浪板，并借此提醒人们注意保护环境的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.(她收集了海滩上的垃圾，并用它制作了一个冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。)”可知，Haske制作冲浪板是因为她想以此来提高人们保护海洋的意识。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段中“SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatconnectedsurfingandtrash.(因此，当她的高中英语老师布置了一个充满激情的项目时，哈斯克想出了一个创造性的想法，将冲浪和垃圾联系在一起。)”以及第二段第一句“Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.(她收集了海滩上的垃圾，并用它制作了一个冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。)”可知，Haske注意海洋环境保护，是一个有责任心的人，用垃圾制作冲浪板说明有创意。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Overthewinter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fastfoodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.(整个冬天，即将毕业的哈斯克在度假区的海滩上收集垃圾，包括烟头、瓶盖、快餐容器和口罩。)”和第五段最后一句“Nearlytheentireboardismadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.(几乎整个板子都是由回收材料和垃圾制成的)”可知，Haske的冲浪板是由她在海边捡到的垃圾制作成的。故选C项。【7题详解】词句猜测题。通过画线词的前半句“Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.‘It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,’Haskesaidafteringoutofthewater.‘It’smadeforlargewaves.’(她自己做的冲浪板的前端一直在水下，但哈斯克保持upbeat。哈斯克从水里出来后说：‘它在前面很沉，但它将成为我最好的朋友。它是为大浪而造的。’)”可知，虽然冲浪板不太好用，前端无法翘出水面，但Haske依旧很喜欢这块板，认为它适合大浪时的冲浪，upbeat应与upbeat意思相近，表示“乐观的，积极的”。故选A项。CInoneofthemoreunusualexperimentswe’veseenrecently,researchersattachedalargepairofcartoonishhugeeyestothefrontofasmall,selfdrivingvehicle—anditturnsoutthatthiskindofadaptationcouldactuallyimprovepedestrian(行人)safety.Apairofeyesonthefrontofdriverlessvehiclescould,accordingtotheresearchers,givepeoplestandingbytheroadabetterideaofwhetherthey’vebeenseen.That’soneusefulbitofinformationtohavewhenitestodeterminingtheperfectmomenttocrossinfrontofoningtraffic.“Ifthecarisnotlookingatthepedestrian,thisimpliesthatthecardoesnotrecognizethepedestrian,”saidoneoftheresearchers.“Thus,pedestrianscanjudgethattheyshouldnotcrossthestreet,therebyavoidingpotentialtrafficaccidents.”Forthepurposesofthisstudy,theresearchersusedacarwhichseemedasifnoonewasinside.Apairoflarge,swiveling(旋转的)eyesonthefrontwerecontrolledbyresearchers,butinthefuturecouldbecontrolledbythecar’sAIonanactualselfdrivingvehicle.Tokeepthe18participantssafe,experimentswereconductedinvirtualreality.Thevolunteers—ninemenandninewomen—wereaskedtodecidewhetherornottocrosstheroadasthecarapproached.Fourscenarios(方案)weretestedintotal;twowhenthecarwasfittedwitheyes,andtwowhenitwasn’t.Theresearchersmeasuredhowoftenpeoplehesitatedtocrosswhenitwasinfactsafetodoso,andhowoftentheychosetocrosswhenitwasdangerous.Overall,thepresenceoftheeyesledtosaferandsmoothercrossingexperiencesfortheparticipants.However,therewasagendersplitintheresults.Formen,theeyesonlyreallyhelpedindangeroussituations,warningthemtopausewhentheymightotherwiseproceed.Forwomen,theeyesboostedconfidencebysignalingitwassafetocross.8.Whatisthefunctionofcartoonishhugeeyes?A.Improvingthesafetyofselfdrivingvehicles.B.Helpingpeopledecidewhentocrosstheroad.C.Keepingpedestriansinapletesafestate.D.Promotingtheappearanceofselfdrivingvehicles.9.Whatcanweknowabouttheexperiments?A.Therewasarobotinthecar.B.ThepairoflargeeyeswerecontrolledbyAI.C.Theexperimentsweredesignedby18volunteers.D.Experimentsweren’tconductedinrealsurroundings.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheconclusionoftheexperiments?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Negative. D.Positive.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Toadvertiseanewselfdrivingtechnology.B.Toenhancepedestrians’awarenessofsafety.C.Toinformusofanewresearchondriverlessvehicles.D.Tointroducetheinfluenceofanewtypeofcar.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于无人驾驶汽车的一个实验：无人驾驶汽车前安装卡通大眼睛有助于提高行人的安全性，作者对实验的结论持怀疑态度。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Apairofeyesonthefrontofdriverlessvehiclescould,accordingtotheresearchers,givepeoplestandingbytheroadabetterideaofwhetherthey’vebeenseen.That’soneusefulbitofinformationtohavewhenitestodeterminingtheperfectmomenttocrossinfrontofoningtraffic.‘Ifthecarisnotlookingatthepedestrian,thisimpliesthatthecardoesnotrecognizethepedestrian,’saidoneoftheresearchers.‘Thus,pedestrianscanjudgethattheyshouldnotcrossthestreet,therebyavoidingpotentialtrafficaccidents.’(根据研究人员的说法，在无人驾驶汽车的前部安装一双眼睛可以让站在路边的人更好地知道他们是否被看到了。这是一个有用的信息，当你决定在迎面而来的车辆前过马路的最佳时机时。其中一名研究人员说：‘如果汽车没有看着行人，这意味着汽车没有认出行人。因此，行人可以判断他们不应该过马路，从而避免潜在的交通事故。’)”可知，汽车前部的卡通化的大眼睛有助于行人作出判断是否可以过马路，增强了行人的安全性。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Tokeepthe18participantssafe,experimentswereconductedinvirtualreality.(为了保证18名参与者的安全，实验在虚拟现实中进行。)”可知，实验中有18位参与者，是在虚拟现实中进行的实验，故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Overall,thepresenceoftheeyesledtosaferandsmoothercrossingexperiencesfortheparticipants.(总的来说，眼睛的存在为参与者带来了更安全、更顺畅的过马路体验。)”，以及最后一段“However,therewasagendersplitintheresults.Formen,theeyesonlyreallyhelpedindangeroussituations,warningthemtopausewhentheymightotherwiseproceed.Forwomen,theeyesboostedconfidencebysignalingitwassafetocross.(然而，结果中存在性别差异。对于男性来说，只有在危险的情况下，眼睛才会真正起作用，警告他们在可能继续前进的时候停下来。对于女性来说，眼睛通过传递安全过马路的信号来增强自信。)”可知，实验证明卡通眼睛的设置可以提高行人的安全性，但是结果有性别差异，故作者对实验结论持怀疑、不确定态度。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inoneofthemoreunusualexperimentswe’veseenrecently,researchersattachedalargepairofcartoonishhugeeyestothefrontofasmall,selfdrivingvehicle—anditturnsoutthatthiskindofadaptationcouldactuallyimprovepedestrian(行人)safety.(在我们最近看到的一个更不寻常的实验中，研究人员在一辆小型自动驾驶汽车的前面安装了一对卡通般的大眼睛——结果证明，这种适应实际上可以提高行人的安全性。)”可知，作者写作意图是告诉读者一项关于无人驾驶汽车的新研究，车前安装卡通大眼睛有助于提高行人的安全性。故选C项。DHaveyoueversuddenlydevelopedanappetitefromapassingglanceatafreewaybillboardfeaturingabrightlycoloredcheeseburger,ordecidedtostepintoacandyoricecreamstoredisplayingawindowfulloflivelyshadesandhues(色调)ofsweettreats?Ifso,youareingoodpany.Unlesswearemedicallyrestrictedorstrictlydieting,wearenotlikelytoresistinvitingfaresimplybecausewerecognizethelackofnutritionalvalue.DevinaWadheraandElizabethD.CapaldiPhillipsinAReviewofVisualCuesAssociatedwithFoodrecognizetheimpactofsensorycues(信号)onfoodconsumptionandenjoyment,andthepotentialtheyhavetopromotehealthyeatingbehavior.Theycitepreviousresearchinprovidingsomeinterestingexamplesofthevisualimpactofdifferentcolorschemes(方案)ontasteandfoodenjoyment.Theynotethatpinkfoodonawhiteplatewasconsideredsweeterandmoreflavorfulthanthesamefoodonablackplate.Apparently,weconsumewithmoreofoursensesthanwerealize.Sogiventherainbowofcolorsarounduswhenfacedwithsomanyappealingfoodchoices,isthereanywaytocontrolourappetite?Thankfully,someresearchsaysyes.OliverGenschowdemonstratedthatwhenitestoeatinglesscolorsimpactconsumption.Theyspecificallyresearchedtheeffectofthecolorred.Theyfoundthatpeopleatefewerpretzelswhenusingaredplate,asopposedtowhiteorblue,anddranklessfromaredcupthanabluecup.Theysuggestthatthecolorredreducesfoodanddrinkintakebyfunctioningasastopsignal.Butwhenitestohealthyeating,insteadofputtingonapairofsunglassestoblocktheinvitinghuesoffoodcues,considerthevalueofdiscipline.Healthyeatinginvolvesintentionalchoices,notmindlessresponsestosensorycues.Andbeforeyouinvestinmanyredtablewaretoslimdown,rememberthatwhatgoesontothoseplatesismuchmoreimportant.12.Whatmaybeamajorreasonforustorefuseeyecatchingfood?A.Theshortageofnutrition. B.Therichcoloroffinefoods.C.Thedoctor’sinstructions. D.Advertisementseverywhere.13.WhatmightbedealtwithinAReviewofVisualCuesAssociatedwithFood?A.Benefitsofdifferentcolorschemes.B.Interestingexamplesoffoodservice.C.Potentialstopromotefoodconsumption.D.Effectsofsensorycuesoneatingbehavior.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Followthesensoryresponse. B.Makefoodchoicessensibly.C.Wearsunglassestoblockcolors. D.Avoidcolorfulfoodintentionally.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowPeoplecanControlTheirAppetite.B.HowPeopleareTrickedbyColorSchemes.C.HowColorsImpactFoodAppealandAppetite.D.HowBrightColorsMakeFoodMoreAppealing.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过生动的阐述与举例，向我们分析了食物的色彩对人们进食时的食欲与胃口有着怎样的影响，以及不同色彩间的差异。最后，作者向读者提出了一定的科学建议。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Unlesswearemedicallyrestrictedorstrictlydieting,wearenotlikelytoresistinvitingfaresimplybecausewerecognizethelackofnutritionalvalue.(除非我们受到医学限制或严格节食，否则我们不太可能仅仅因为认识到食物缺乏营养价值而拒绝品尝食物)”并结合选项推知，医生的指导是影响我们是否摄入这些色彩艳丽食物的主要原因。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“DevinaWadheraandElizabethD.CapaldiPhillipsinAReviewofVisualCuesAssociatedwithFoodrecognizetheimpactofsensorycues(信号)onfoodconsumptionandenjoyment,andthepotentialtheyhavetopromotehealthyeatingbehavior.Theycitepreviousresearchinprovidingsomeinterestingexamplesofthevisualimpactofdifferentcolorschemes(方案)ontasteandfoodenjoyment.(Devinawadandra和ElizabethD.CapaldiPhillips在《与食物相关的视觉线索综述》中认识到感官线索对食物消费和享受的影响，以及它们促进健康饮食行为的潜力。他们引用了以前的研究，提供了一些有趣的例子，说明不同配色方案对味觉和食物享受的视觉影响)”可知，AReviewofVisualCuesAssociatedwithFood探讨了感官信号会对人们的进食行为产生怎样的影响。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Butwhenitestohealthyeating,insteadofputtingonapairofsunglassestoblocktheinvitinghuesoffoodcues,considerthevalueofdiscipline.Healthyeatinginvolvesintentionalchoices,notmindlessresponsestosensorycues.(但说到健康饮食，与其戴上一副太阳镜来阻挡诱人的食物颜色，不如考虑一下自律的价值。健康饮食包括有意的选择，而不是对感官线索的盲目反应)”可知，在选择健康的饮食上个人自主能动性是很重要的，要做出有意义的选择。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要分析食物的色彩对于人们进食食欲的影响。通过科学实验与理论完成分析与阐释。故C项“颜色如何影响食物的吸引力和食欲”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CellphonesandFriendsHaveyoueverspenttimewithfriendswhoignoredyoubecausetheywerebusyontheircellphones?Doyoueverfeelthatyourfriendsaredistractedbytheircellphonestothepointofnothearingwhatyousayinperson?Orareyoutheonewhopaysmoreattentiontoatextconversationthanafacetofaceinteraction?Theactofchattingoncellphonesandignoringfriendsisnowcalled“phubbing”.Havingyourcellphonewithyouisnecessary,becauseyouneedtodealwithpossibleemergencies.____16____Herearesomesuggestions.Putyourcellphoneonsilentwhenyouarewithfriends.____17____Ifyou’reworriedaboutmissinganimportantmessage,youcansetyourcellphonetovibratemodeandcheckitmomentarilybeforegivingthepersonyouarewithyourfullattention.Beconsiderate.Isn’titannoyingifyourclosefriendconstantlychecksthecellphoneandignoresyourheartfeltwords?Youdon’twanttofeellikesomeonewhoisn’tphysicallythereismoreimportantthanyou,andneitherdoothers.____18________19____Thisallowsyoutobetterdigestyourfood.Also,engaginginfacetofaceconversationswithyourlovedoneswillmakethediningexperiencealotmorepleasant.Don’tuseyourcellphoneatawedding.____20____You’reinvitedbecausetheywantyoutowitnessthepreciousmomentintheirlives,sorespectthembybeingpresentphysically,mentally,andemotionally.A.Speakslowlyandclearly.B.Putyourcellphoneasidewhileeating.C.Therefore,treatothersasyouprefertobetreated.D.Afterall,youneverknowwhentheremightbeanemergency.E.Makesureyougiveyourundividedattentiontothebrideandgroom.F.Thismakesyoustayentirelyfocusedonthefacetofaceinteractions.G.However,it’salsoimportanttohavepropermannersonasocialoccasion.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种叫“phubbing”的现象，并就如何避免这一现象提出一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Havingyourcellphonewithyouisnecessary,becauseyouneedtodealwithpossibleemergencies.(随身携带是必要的，因为你需要处理可能出现的紧急情况。)”可知，携带是必须的；而空后“Herearesomesuggestions.(这里有一些建议。)”则是引出下文说明如何避免那样无视朋友的行为。说明空处应呈上说明虽然带有必要，但是我们不应该有那样的行为。G选项“However,it’salsoimportanttohavepropermannersonasocialoccasion.(然而，在社交场合保持得体的举止也很重要。)”承上启下，符合上下文内容。故选G。【17题详解】根据段首句“Putyourcellphoneonsilentwhenyouarewithfriends.(和朋友在一起的时候，把调成静音。)”可知，本段主要建议和朋友一起时，调成静音状态。F选项“Thismakesyoustayentirelyfocusedonthefacetofaceinteractions.(这会让你完全专注于面对面的交流。)”延续上文内容，说明了静音后可以更专注的聊天。故选F。【18题详解】根据段首句“Beconsiderate(体贴)”可知，本段是建议读者要体贴他人。空前“Youdon’twanttofeellikesomeonewhoisn’tphysicallythereismoreimportantthanyou,andneitherdoothers.(你不希望觉得某个不在你身边的人比你更重要，其他人也一样。)”指的是你不希望的事情，联系本段主要内容，可知，己所不欲勿施于人，所以空处指的应该是自己不希望的事情也不要对别人做。C选项“Therefore,treatothersasyouprefertobetreated.(因此，你希望别人怎样对待你，你就怎样对待别人。)”与上文内容一致。故选C。【19题详解】空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“Thisallowsyoutobetterdigestyourfood.Also,engaginginfacetofaceconversationswithyourlovedoneswillmakethediningexperiencealotmorepleasant.(这能让你更好地消化食物。此外，与你爱的人面对面交谈会让用餐体验更愉快。)”指的是吃饭的时候不要玩，专心用餐。B选项“Putyourcellphoneasidewhileeating.(吃饭时把放在一边。)”符合本段内容。故选B。【20题详解】根据下文“You’reinvitedbecausetheywantyoutowitnessthepreciousmomentintheirlives,sorespectthembybeingpresentphysically,mentally,andemotionally.(他们邀请你是因为他们想让你见证他们生命中宝贵的时刻，所以在身体上、精神上和情感上都要尊重他们。)”可知，空处要提到“they”，也就是新娘和新郎。E选项“Makesureyougiveyourundividedattentiontothebrideandgroom.(确保你全心全意地关注新娘和新郎。)”与下文内容一致，“thebrideandgroom”与下文的“they”一致。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OfficerDallasBaldwinwasondutyinFranklinCountyoffice.Whenanolderresident___21___demandingtospeakwithDeputy(警官)KevinLovett,hehadalittle___22___.Asitturnedout,96yearoldMaryTrentwasnotcallingto___23___.Instead,DeputyKevinLovetthadgoneallouttohelpheroutoftrouble,andshewasdeterminedtoshinealightof___24___onhisgooddeed!“Iwasrecently___25___whenIgotaflattire.”MarytoldtheofficerthatKevinsparednoeffortsto___26___herontheroadside.“Helayflatonthegroundtolookundermycarfor___27___!”sheexplained.“Whatareyougoingtodoforhim?”Dallasmusthavebeen___28___byherinsistence,becauseheandDeputyKevinLovett___29___byvisitingMaryatherresidencetopresentherwithaSheriff’sCoin.Whentheyarrived,Mary____30____hadagiftbasketreadytogiveher“angel”.Theofficerswere____31____thatMarynotonlynoticedtheirsmallactsofservicethatoftengounnoticedbutthatshewentbeyondtoacknowledgeit____32____.TheythankedMaryfor____33____themwithhergratitudeandspirit.Whatagreatreminderofhowourheroeswork____34____tokeepthingsrunningsmoothlyeveryday—andofhowmuchitmeanstoshow____35____fortheirefforts.Alittlesuregoesalongway!21.A.droppedin B.rangup C.settleddown D.lookedaround22.A.fun B.curiosity C.fear D.embarrassment23.A.plain B.entertain C.inspect D.bargain24.A.declaration B.observation C.recognition D.reservation25.A.walking B.riding C.playing D.driving26.A.satisfy B.pick C.assist D.defend27.A.damage B.safety C.shelter D.relief28.A.tricked B.inspired C.amused D.disturbed29.A.responded B.released C.changed D.agreed30.A.just B.only C.ever D.even31.A.hopeful B.grateful C.careful D.regretful32.A.publicly B.casually C.quietly D.naturally33.A.forting B.forgiving C.blessing D.encouraging34.A.behindthescenes B.onthestage C.inthebackrow D.onthespot35.A.consideration B.appreciation C.anxiety D.sympathy【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.A35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Mary对警察DallasBaldwin的帮助表示感谢的故事，及其带来的影响与思考。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当一位年长的居民打要求和副警长凯文·洛维特谈话时，他有点害怕。A.droppedin顺道拜访；B.rangup打；C.settleddown定居；D.lookedaround四周看。根据“speakwithDeputyKevinLovett”可知，居民打来找副警长KevinLovett。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.fun乐趣；B.curiosity好奇；C.fear害怕；D.embarrassment尴尬。根据下文“Asitturnedout,96yearoldMaryTrentwasnotcallingto___3___.”可知，警官DallasBaldwin接到居民，害怕是投诉。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，96岁的玛丽·特伦特打来并不是投诉。A.plain投诉；B.entertain娱乐；C.inspect视察；D.bargain讨价还价。根据下文“DeputyKevinLovetthadgoneallouttohelpheroutoftrouble”可知，警官KevinLovett全力帮助96岁的MaryTrent脱离困境，因此她打来不是投诉。故选A项。24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，副警长凯文·洛维特竭尽全力帮助她摆脱困境，她决心要让他的善行得到赞赏！A.declaration宣布；B.observation观察；C.recognition认可，赞赏；D.reservation保留，预留。根据“onhisgooddeed”可知，MaryTrent打来是对警官KevinLovett的善行表示赞赏。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“最近我开车的时候轮胎爆了。”A.walking走；B.riding骑，乘坐；C.playing玩；D.driving开车。根据“whenIgotaflattire”可知，Mary开着车时，轮胎没气了。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽告诉警官凯文在路边不遗余力地帮助她。A.satisfy使满意；B.pick挑选，采摘；C.assist协助，帮助；D.defend防卫。根据“sparednoefforts”可知，Kevin不遗余力地帮助Mary修车。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释说:“他躺在地上看我的车底下有没有损坏！”A.damage损坏；B.safety安全；C.shelter庇护；D.relief宽慰，缓解。根据“gotaflattire”可知，Kevin平躺在地上查看车底受损情况。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：达拉斯一定是受到了玛丽坚持不懈的激励，因为他和副警长凯文·洛维特去了玛丽的住处，给了她一枚警长硬币。A.tricked欺骗；B.inspired激励；C.amused娱乐；D.disturbed打扰。根据下文“becauseheandDeputyKevinLovett___9___byvisitingMaryatherresidence”可知，受到Mary坚持不懈的激励，Dallas和警官KevinLovett去了她的住处。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.responded回复，响应；B.released释放，发布；C.changed改变；D.agreed同意。根据上文“Whatareyougoingtodoforhim?”可知，他们做出的回应是两人一起去了Mary的住处。故选A项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们到达时，玛丽甚至准备了一个礼物篮，送给她的“天使”。A.just仅仅，正好；B.only仅仅，只有；C.ever曾经；D.even甚至。根据句意可知，Mary甚至为她心目中的“天使”准备了一个礼品篮。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：警官们很感激，玛丽不仅注意到了他们经常被忽视的小举动，而且还公开表示了感谢。A.hopeful有希望的；B.grateful感激的；C.careful小心的；D.regretful后悔的，遗憾的。根据下文“TheythankedMaryfor___13___themwithhergratitudeandspirit.”可知，警官们非常感激。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.publicly公开地；B.casually随便地；C.quietly安静地；D.naturally自然地。根据“howmuchitmeanstoshow___15___fortheirefforts”可知，Mary将警官们的善行公之于众。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们感谢玛丽用她的感激和精神鼓励他们。A.forting安慰；B.forgiving原谅；C.blessing祝福；D.encouraging鼓励。根据“hergratitudeandspirit”可知，警官们感谢Mary用自己的感恩之心和精神对他们进行鼓励。故选D项。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是一个多么伟大的提醒，提醒我们的英雄是如何在幕后工作，让事情每天都顺利进行，以及对他们的努力表示感谢是多么重要。A.behindthescenes在幕后；B.onthestage在舞台上；C.inthebackrow在后排；D.onthespot在现场。根据“theirsmallactsofservicethatoftengounnoticed”可知，警官们是幕后英雄，他们每天默默无闻地工作让一切顺利进行。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.consideration考虑；B.appreciation欣赏，感激；C.anxiety焦虑；D.sympathy同情。根据全文叙述可知，警察付出的努力需要得到人们的认可和感激，此事意义非凡。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LearningChinesecalligraphy____36____(list)asoneofthemustdothingswhenIcametoChina.Now,I’minthecourseoflearningthisuniqueart,____37____valueisconsideredveryhighinChina,evenacrossEastAsiatoday.Itisnotonly____38____ancientartisticformofhumanlanguage,butitalsoreflectsChinesetraditions.Assomeonewhopaints,draws,andlovesall____39____(create)things,atfirst,IassumedIwouldberathergoodatChinesecalligraphy.Iwas____40____(total)wrong.Usingthickbrushtipstoproduceawkwardbrushstrokes(笔画)isverydifficultfora____41____(begin).Ihavenoideaaboutthedifferenttypesofcalligraphyandthemeanings____42____(hide)behindeachone.Also,Ihavetoholdthepaintbrushinaveryspecificway;____43____(like)apenorpencil,thepaintbrushishelduprightinthehand.Ineedtobeextracarefulwhen____44____(change)theangleordirectionofthebrush,especiallyifIpresstoohardonthepaper.Aftertakingthelesson,Inowunderstandthedifficultyofcalligraphyandthatitwilltakeeffortsandmitment_____45_____(master)thisartform.Yet,IamgratefultolearnsuchaspecialChinesetradition.【答案】36.waslisted37.whose38.an39.creative40.totally41.beginner42.hidden43.unlike44.changing45.tomaster【解析】【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位热爱艺术的外国人学习中国书法的经历。36题详解】考查时态与语态。句意：当我来到中国时，学习中国书法被列为必须做的事情之一。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词，主语LearningChinesecalligraphy与动词list之间为被动关系，所以需要使用被动语态；句子的时间状语为“whenIcametoChina”，所以需要使用一般过去时的被动语态；句子的主语为I，所以be动词用was。故填waslisted。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：现在，我正在学习这门独特的艺术，它的价值在中国，甚至在今天的东亚都被认为是非常高的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句的连接词，指代先行词thisuniqueart的所有格，且在从句中作定语，填连接代词whose。故填whose。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：它不仅是人类语言的一种古老的艺术形式，而且也反映了中国的传统。名词form意为“形式”，为可数名词，此处为第一次出现，表示“一种艺术形式”，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指，ancient是以元音音素开头的词，应用an。故填an。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一个喜欢画画，热爱创造性事物的人，起初，我认为我的中国书法应该很好。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词things，因此需要填入形容词作定语。create的形容词为creative，意为“创造性的”。故填creative。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：我完全错了。空格处位于形容词之前，修饰形容词，所以需要副词。total的副词为totally，意为“完全地”。故填totally。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：使用粗笔尖来产生笨拙的笔触对初学者来说是非常困难的。空格处位于冠词之后，所以需要填入名词，此处表示初学者，beginner，作介词for宾语。故填beginner。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道不同类型的书法和每一个背后隐藏的含义。动词hide意为“隐藏”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语meanings构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填hidden。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：此外，我必须以一种非常特殊的方式拿着画笔；与钢笔或铅笔不同，画笔是直立握在手里的。根据前句中“我必须以一种非常特殊的方式拿着画笔”，可知此处指的是“与钢笔或铅笔不同”，unlike意为“不像……”。故填unlike。【44题详解