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工程流体力学智慧树知到期末考试答案+章节答案2024年山东大学Agardenhosenozzleisdesignedtohaveamuchhighervelocityattheentranceofthenozzleasopposedtotheexit.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错Whentheflowisuniformlydistributedoverasectionofthecontrolsurfacewhereflowoccurstheintegraloperationsaresimplified.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Modeldesignconditionsarealsocalledsimilarityrequirementsormodelinglaws.()
答案:对Thepressuredropperunitlengththatdevelopsduetofrictioncannotgenerallybesolvedanalytically.()
答案:对FlowmetersbasedontheBernoulliequation,usedtomeasureflowratesinopenchannelssuchasflumesandirrigationditches,includedeviceslikethesluicegateandthesharp-crestedweir.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Anexampleofadeformingcontrolvolumeis()
答案:balloonAstraightpipecausesagreaterheadlossthanabentpipe.()
答案:错TheBernoulliequationcanbederivedfromtheenergyequation.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Governingequationsexpressedintermsofdimensionlessvariablesleadtotheappropriatedimensionlessgroups.()
答案:对Ahurricaneisanexampleofa____.()
答案:FreevortexWhatistheno-slipconditionthatallfluidssatisfy?()。
答案:theexperimentalobservationthatthefluid“sticks”tothesolidboundaries%1.theexperimentalobservationthatthefluiddoesn't“stick”tothesolidboundaries%1.noneWhataccuracyisgenerallyexpectedfromtheMoodychart?()
答案:10%Thegasconstant,R,dependsonwhat?()。
答案:themolecularweightofthegasTheincompressibilityassumptionmadeinthederivationoftheBernoulliequationcanyieldconsiderableerrorinwhichofthefollowingcases?()。
答案:ChangeinforceexertedonthefluidWhenmeasuringthestaticpressure,onewaytodosowouldbetodowhat?()。
答案:DrillaholealongtheflatsurfaceandattachapiezometertubeAtankisfilledwithseawatertoadepthof12ft.Ifthespecificgravityofseawateris1.03andtheatmosphericpressureatthislocationis14.8psi,theabsolutepressure(psi)atthebottomofthetankismostnearly()。
答案:20.2Asa“ruleofthumb,”aperfectgasmaybeconsideredincompressibleforwhichrangeofMachnumbers?()。
答案:lessthan0.3Whatisanothertermfortheviscouseffectsthatcauseafluidtosticktothewallofapipe?()
答案:Theno-slipboundaryconditionThebroadsubjectoffluidmechanicscanbegenerallydividedinto____.()。
答案:fluidstaticsandfluiddynamicsIfshaftworkisinvolvedthenthelocalflowmustbe____.()
答案:unsteadyThestandardunitnormalvector()
答案:isnormaltothesurfacepointingoutwards.Theexitpressureforanincompressiblefluidjetisequaltowhat?()。
答案:surroundingoratmosphericpressureAnothertermforthespeedofsoundiswhat?()。
答案:acousticvelocityIfacylinderisrotatedinauniformflow,whathappenstothestagnationpoint?()
答案:Itmovesalongthesurfaceofthecylinder,andcanevenmoveoffofthesurfaceofthecylinder.WhatisthesymbolfortheCauchynumber?()
答案:CaA2-in.diametershaftissupportedbytwosleeves,eachoflength=2in.Theinternaldiameterofthesleevesis2.1in.Theradialspacebetweentheshaftandthesleevesisfilledwithanoilofviscosity=8×10-3lb-s/ft2.Iftheshaftisrotatedataspeedof600rpm,theviscoustorque(ft-lb)ontheshaftismostnearly()。
答案:0.15TheGermanprofessorLudwigPrandtlintroducedtheconceptofwhat?()。
答案:fluidboundarylayerFlowsincanals,rivers,spillways,andstillingbasinsareallexamplesofflowswithafreesurface.()
答案:对ThegreatLeonardodaVincidescribedthroughsketchesandwritingsmanydifferenttypesofflowphenomena,trueorfalse?()
答案:对TheBernoulliequationcanbemodifiedforcompressibleflows.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Thefewerthenumberofpitermsthemoresimpletheproblem.()
答案:对GeometricandReynoldsnumbersimilarityisusuallynotrequiredformodelsinvolvingflowthroughclosedconduits.()
答案:错Examplesofasourceandasinkareapumpandaturbine.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Whenvelocityratiosandaccelerationratiosareconstantthroughouttheflowfield,kinematicsimilarityexistsbetweenthemodelandtheprototype.()
答案:对Thevelocityatastagnationpointwillbegreaterthanthevelocityatsurroundingareas.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错Thetimederivativeassociatedwithasystemisalwaysthesameasthederivativeassociatedwithacontrolvolume.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错TheEulernumberisundoubtedlythemostfamousdimensionlessparameterinfluidmechanics.()
答案:错Thelinesthataretangenttothevelocityvectorsthroughouttheflowfieldarecalledsteadyflowlines.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错Variablescanbeclassifiedintothreegeneralgroups:geometry,materialproperties,andexternaleffects.()
答案:对Theamountofmassinasystemisconstant.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Apotentialflowvortexisrotational.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错Thepressuredropinapipeisgreateriftheflowis____.()
答案:turbulentWaterstridersarecapableofcovering100bodylengthsinonesecond.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Ifdensityisknown,thevolumeflowratecanbeusedtofindthemassflowrate.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对ForsomeproblemsitismoreconvenienttoexpressthevariousdifferentialrelationshipsincylindricalcoordinatesratherthaninCartesiancoordinates.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Ifasourceandasinkareplacedashortdistanceapart,butnotontopofeachother,whattypeofbodyisformed?()
答案:ARankineovalWhichshearstressisdominantintheviscoussublayer?()
答案:Laminar.WhichtermoftheNavier-Stokesequationresultsintheequationsnon-linearity?()
答案:AccelerationAnozzlemeterresultsinamoreidealflowthananorificemeter.()
答案:对Arepresentationofaphysicalsystemthatmaybeusedtopredictthebehaviorofthesysteminsomedesiredrespectiswhat?()
答案:ModelWhattermisusedwhenthefluidpressureisreducedtothevaporpressure?()。
答案:CavitationAnadiabaticprocessmeansthatthereisnoheattransferandno____.()。
答案:frictionTheMachnumberandwhatothernumbercannotbeusedinthesameproblem?()
答案:CauchynumberPotentialtheorypredictsthatdragonacylinderinauniformflowiszero,apredictionthatisnotactuallytrue.Thisdiscrepancyiscalled()
答案:D'Alembert'sparadox.Steady,fullydevelopedpipeflowexperiencesno____.()
答案:AccelerationWhatisthematerialderivativeusedfor?()
答案:Todescribetimeratesofchangeforagivenparticle.TheFroudenumberarisesbecauseoftheinclusionofwhatinaproblem?()
答案:GravityAccordingtothemomentumequation,thetimerateofchangeoflinearmomentumisequalto:()
答案:resultantforceThehydraulicgradelineandwhatelsearegraphicalformsoftheBernoulliequation?()。
答案:viscouslineWhichhasa“flatter”velocityprofile?()
答案:Turbulentflow.Ifthestreamlinesformradiallines,whatconfigurationdotheequipotentiallinesassume?()
答案:Concentriccircles.Raindropswitharadiuslessthan0.5mmarewhatshape?()。
答案:sphericalFortruemodels,howmanyscaleswilltherebe?()
答案:OneThepitermsmustalwaysbewhat?()
答案:dimensionlessWhichofthethreemetertypesisthemostaccurate?()
答案:VenturiWhatisastreakline?()
答案:Alltheparticlesinaflowthathavepreviouslypassedthroughacommonpoint.TheReynoldstransporttheoremprovidestherelationshipbetween()
答案:Thetimerateofchangeofanextensivepropertyofthesystemandthecontrolvolume.Newton'ssecondlawdealswith____momentumandforces.()
答案:systemAnobjectweighs275Nwhenfullyimmersedinwaterand325Nwhenfullyimmersedinoilofspecificgravity0.9.Thevolumeoftheobject(m3)ismostnearly()。
答案:0.05Themostdifficultstepinthemethodofrepeatingvariablesis____.()
答案:listingallofthevariablesthatareinvolvedintheproblemForthelaminarflowofaNewtonianfluid,theshearstressisproportionaltothe____.()
答案:velocitygradientWheredoesthemaximumvelocityoccurinaflowthroughacirculartube?()
答案:InthecenterofthetubeLaplace'sequationgovernswhattypeofflow?()
答案:PotentialflowAnexternaleffectisusedtodenoteanyvariablethatproducesortendstoproducewhat?()
答案:changeinthesystemStreamwiseaccelerationistheproductoftherateofchangeofspeedwithdistancealongthestreamline,,andwhatelse?()。
答案:thespeedHowisflowaroundahalfbodyobtained?()
答案:ByaddingasourcetoauniformflowWhyarepotentialflowsolutionsalwaysapproximatesolutions?()
答案:Becausethefluidisassumedtobefrictionless.Achangeinfluidvelocitythatresultsinachangeintheelevationofthehydraulicgradelineisdueto:()。
答案:Changeinpipediameter____representsaflowinwhichthestreamlinesformconcentriccircles.()
答案:AvortexUnitsof____areusedtoquantifytheamountofheadinvolved.()
答案:lengthA2-in.diametershaftissupportedbytwosleeves,eachoflength=2in.Theinternaldiameterofthesleevesis2.1in.Theradialspacebetweentheshaftandthesleevesisfilledwithanoilofviscosity=8×10-3lb-s/ft2.Iftheshaftisrotatedataspeedof600rpm,theviscoustorque(ft-lb)ontheshaftismostnearly()。
答案:0.15Theforceamplificationcanberealizedbyincreasingtheactingarea.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Thepressureamplificationcanberealizedbyincreasingtheactingarea.
()
答案:错Howtoreducehydraulicshock?()。
答案:shortenthelengthofthepipelineasfaraspossible;Extendthetimeofvalveclosing;Increasethediameterofthepipeline;LimitpipelineflowrateWhatismostlikelytobethemaindrivingforceinpipeflow?()。
答案:ApressuregradientSteady,fullydevelopedpipeflowexperiencesno____.()。
答案:AccelerationInthecaseoffullydevelopedpipeflow,____.()。
答案:thevelocityprofileisthesameatanycrosssectionofthepipe.Thenatureofpipeflowis____.()。
答案:stronglydependentonwhethertheflowislaminarorturbulentDimensionalanalysisisthewhentheresultsofanequationwillbewhatinrelationtothesystemofunitschosen.()。
答案:IndependentTherequirednumberofpitermsiswhatcomparedtothenumberoforiginalvariables?()。
答案:fewerthanWhenusingtherepeatingvariablesmethod,thenumberofrepeatingvariablesthatareselectedshouldbewhatcomparedtothenumberofreferencedimensions?()。
答案:equaltoThedimensionsofthevariableontheleftsideoftheequationmustbe____thedimensionsofanytermthatstandsbyitselfontherightsideoftheequalsign.()。
答案:equaltoHowdoesvorticityrelatetotherotationvector?()。
答案:TaylorForirrotationalflow,thevorticityiszero.TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Howistheaccelerationofaparticledescribed?()。
答案:Byusingthematerialderivative.TheBernoulliequationcanbewrittenintermsofheightscalledwhat?()。
答案:headsAfixedcoordinatesystemisnon-inertial.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错WhenusingNewton'ssecondlawappliedacrossstreamlinesandtheBernoulliequationitisimportanttobesure____.()。
答案:thatalloftheassumptionsarenotviolatedAccordingtothesignconvention,massflowrateoutofthecontrolvolumeisnegativeandthemassflowrateinispositive.TrueorFalse?()
答案:错Ifaflowisunsteady,its____maychangewithtimeatagivenlocation.()。
答案:AlloftheaboveIftheflowissteady,therecanbechangesinvelocityatdifferentlocationsintheflowfield,TrueorFalse?()
答案:对Forabodypartiallysubmergedinafluidandatequilibrium,whichofthefollowingisatruestatement?()。
答案:TheweightofthebodyisequaltotheweightofthevolumeoffluiddisplacedAninclined-tubemanometerisbeingusedasshowntomeasurethepressureinapressurizedtank.Thetankispartiallyfilledtoadepthof20cmwithafluidofspecificgravity=0.78.Thespecificgravityofthemanometricgagefluidis3.5.Thegagepressureintheheadspace(kPa)whenh=8cmismostnearly
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