山东省淄博市第十五中学高三英语摸底试卷含解析

山东省淄博市第十五中学高三英语摸底试卷含解析一、选择题1.ToJim’sdisappointment,_____phoneheboughtyesterdayisoutof_____ordernow.A.the;theB.the；不填C.a;theD.a;不填参考答案：略2.—CallIusethetelephoneonthetable，sir？

一Undernocircumstances

tousethetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs

A．anyoneisallowed

B．nobodyisallowed

C．isanyoneallowed

D．isnobodyallowed

参考答案：C3.ProfessorLi

forhisinformativelecture,waswarmlyreceivedbythestudents.A．known

B．knowing

C．havingknown

D．tobeknown参考答案：A24.Neverputofftomorrow____shouldbedonetoday.

A.what

B.that

C.those

D.it参考答案：A略5.Itisnecessarythatamiddleschoolstudent

timetodosomesocialwork.

A．spares

B．spared

C．spare

D．isspared参考答案：C略6.Astimewentby,Igradually________myselftothecollegeschoollife.A.adapted B.adopted C.affected D.abandoned参考答案：A【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我逐渐适应了大学生活。A.adapted适应；B.adopted采取，收养；C.affected影响；D.abandoned抛弃。结合句意表示“使自己适应……”短语为adaptoneselfto…。故选A。23.ChenXiexiaisthefirstChineseathlete______thegoldmedalintheBeijingOlympicGames.

A.winning

B.towin

C.wins

D.won参考答案：B略8.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone_____forhelp?A.call

B.called

C.tocall

D.calling参考答案：D9.Thenationwidesmogservesasaconstantreminder，indicatingthatit'shightimewe______onourselves．（）A．wouldreflect B．havereflectedC．arereflecting D．reflected参考答案：Dit'shightimethat+从句，表达是时候做某事了；从句要用过去时态表示虚拟．故选D．10.---Iwonderifyoucouldgowithmetothepostoffice?

---I’dliketo,butI_______myexperimentreportandhavetofinishitthisafternoon.A.wrote

B.waswriting

C.havewritten

D.amwriting参考答案：D略11.Musiccanbeenjoyable,but____canbeappreciatedunlessyoulikeit.A.everything

B.anything

C.nothing

D.something参考答案：C12.TherearehundredsofscenesinEnglishnovels

characterswalkthroughalandscapeoffallenleaveswhichmirrorsthefeelingsofthecharacters.A.which B.whereC.that D.when参考答案：B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语小说中有数百个主人公们走过落叶的反映了人物情感的场景。此处novels做先行词，在后面的定语从句中做地点状语，故答案为where。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词novels，再分析先行词novels在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词novels带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where，13.---Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.

---Iagreewithyou_______.A.inaway

B.ontheway C.bytheway

D.intheway参考答案：A14.—Tom,ifitdoesn’train,wecangoclimbingandhaveapicnicthere.—

Ilike

climbing.A.Welldone

B.That’sgreat

C.Noproblem

D.That’sit参考答案：B略15.---Theterribleaccidentisunderinvestigation．

---Actually,quickeraction_____thoseworkerstrappedinthemine．

A．mayhavesaved

B．couldhavesaved

C．musthavesaved

D．shouldhavesaved参考答案：B略16.swear

A．heart

B．research C．nearly

D．bear

参考答案：

D17.—HowcanItakethemedicine,sir?—Justfollowthe______onthebottle.A．information

B．introductionC．directions

D．explanations参考答案：C二、新的题型18.CoolButterflyEffect:InsectEquipmentCouldInspireHeat-RadiatingTechDevisingbettercoolingmaterialshasbecomeapressingissueastheclimatewarms,andsomescientistsareturningtonatureforideas.Smallcreatureswithlowbodymass,suchasinsects,havetodealwiththefactthattheywarmupmuchfasterthanlargemammals.Whenbutterflieslandontreebranchesinthesun,forexample,theirlylargewingscanoverheatwithinseconds.___46___Researchershavenowuncoveredthesecolor1fulinsects'built-incoolingmechanisms.Heatisgeneratedbythevibrationofmolecules.Themoremoleculesamaterialcanexposeonitssurface,themoreheatitcanreleaseinaprocesscalledradiativecooling.Thosemadeoffoldedlayersshapedlikewaves,forexample,cooloffmuchfasterthansolidobjectsbecausetheyhavemoreexposedsurfacearea.___47___Thewingsthemselvesarecomplexsystemsthatcontainbothlivingandnonlivingstructures,coveredbyvarioustypesofscalesmadeofchitin—arigidsubstancethatisalsofoundinsomefungi(真菌).Theresearchersfoundthatthescalescoveringthesestructureshavedifferentshapesthatradiateheatindifferentways.___48___Thescientists'workis''remarkable'',saysAaswathRaman,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.''___49___Butterflywingsareextremelylight,andthemicrostructuresinvolvedareextremelysmallandthin.Sothisdiscoverycaninspirewaysofgettingridofheatinverylightweightsystems.''___50___Itmightworkinavarietyofcolor1s.Manyconventionalbuildingstendtobewhitebecausethatitdoesnotabsorbheat.Butpaintingtoomanythingswhitedoesnotlookpleasing,saysQiaoqiangGan,aphotonicsscientist.''Westillneedacolor1fulworld,''Gansays,notinghowvividbutterfliesareinnature.''Butterflywingsgiveusanexamplethatcolor1fulstructurescanalsoresultincooling.''A.Sotheyhaveevolvedsophisticatedwaystocoolthemselves.B.Wecanmakethesemicrostructuresintoourownartificialprocesses.C.Itturnsoutthatpartsofbutterflies'wingsexploitasimilarprinciple.D.Todecipherhowthesecomplexsystemswork,theteamstudiedseveraltypesofbutterfliesE.Suchstructuresreleasewarmthveryefficiently,protectingtheorgansfromoverheating.F.Alongwithitslightweight,abutterfly-inspiredcoolingmaterialmighthaveanotheradvantage.G.Althoughfarfromacommercialapplication,suchresultingmaterialcouldeventuallybeusedforpurposessuchaspaintingbuildings.参考答案：46.A

47.C

48.D

49.B

50.F这是一篇说明文。通过对蝴蝶散热机制的研究，一种质轻、色彩多样的散热材料有可能面世。【46题详解】上文Whenbutterflieslandontreebranchesinthesun,forexample,theirlylargewingscanoverheatwithinseconds.(当蝴蝶在阳光下落在树枝上时，它们相对过大的翅膀会在几秒钟内过热)与A.Sotheyhaveevolvedsophisticatedwaystocoolthemselves.(因此，它们已经进化出了复杂的方法来给自己降温)承接自然，上下文是明显的因果关系，cool和overheat是关键词，故选A项。【47题详解】上文Thosemadeoffoldedlayersshapedlikewaves,forexample,cooloffmuchfasterthansolidobjectsbecausetheyhavemoreexposedsurfacearea.(例如，那些由折叠形成波浪状层组成的物体比固体冷却得快得多，因为它们有更多可以暴露的表面)与C.Itturnsoutthatpartsofbutterflies'wingsexploitasimilarprinciple.(事实证明，蝴蝶翅膀的某些部分利用了类似的原理)承接自然，选项里的asimilarprinciple就是指上文提到的原理，故选C项。【48题详解】上文Theresearchersfoundthatthescalescoveringthesestructureshavedifferentshapesthatradiateheatindifferentways.(研究人员发现鳞片覆盖这些结构有不同的形状，这些形状用不同方式辐射热量)与D.Todecipherhowthesecomplexsystemswork,theteamstudiedseveraltypesofbutterflies(为了解释这些复杂的系统是如何工作的，这个小组研究了几种不同的蝴蝶)承接自然，选项中的thesecomplexsystems就是指上文的thesestructureshavedifferentshapesthatradiateheatindifferentways，故选D项。【49题详解】下文Butterflywingsareextremelylight,andthemicrostructuresinvolvedareextremelysmallandthin.(蝴蝶的翅膀非常轻，所涉及的微观结构非常小和薄)与B.Wecanmakethesemicrostructuresintoourownartificialprocesses.(我们可以把这些微观结构变成我们自己的人工过程)承接自然，microstructure是关键词，故选B项。【50题详解】下文Itmightworkinavarietyofcolor1s.(它可能有多种颜色)与F.Alongwithitslightweight,abutterfly-inspiredcoolingmaterialmighthaveanotheradvantage.(除了质轻之外，一种由蝴蝶启发的冷却材料可能还有另外一个有点)承接自然，选项中的anotheradvantage就是指下文提到的“有多种颜色”，故选F项。三、阅读理解19.Fewfactsaboutmodernlifeseemmoreundeniablethanhowbusyeveryoneseemstobe.Acrosstheindustrializedworld,largenumbersofsurveyrespondentstellresearchersthey’reoverburdenedwithwork,attheexpenseoftimewithfamilyandfriends.Butthetotaltimepeopleareworking,whetherpaidorotherwise,hasnotincreasedinEuropeorNorthAmericainrecentdecades.What’smore,thedatealsoshowthatthepeoplewhosaythey’rethebusiestgenerallyaren’t.Partoftheanswerissimpleeconomics.Aseconomiesgrow,andtheincomesofthebetter-offhaverisenovertime,timehasliterallybecomemorevaluable:Anygivenhourisworthmore,soweexperiencemorepressuretosqueezeinmorework.Butit’salsoaresultofthekindofworkinwhichmanyofusareengaged.Inthepast,farmingworkwassubjecttoweatherlimits,whiteatpresentpeopleliveinan“unlimitedworld,”andtherearealwaysmoreincomingemails,moremeetings,morethingstoread,anddigitalmobiletechnologymeansyouhaveafewmoreto-dolistitems.Withtimepressureweighingusdown,it’shardlysurprisingthatwelivewithoneeyeontheclock.Butpsychologicalresearchdemonstratesthatthistime-awarenessactuallyleadstoworseperformance.Sotheironicconsequenceofthe“busyfeeling”isthatwecouldhandleto-dolistlesswellthanifweweren’tsorushed.Arguableworstofall,thefeelingofrushspreadstoaffectourleisuretime,sothatevenwhenlifefinallydoespermitanhourortwoforrecovery,weendupfeelingthatleisuretimeshouldbespent”productively,”too.Ifthere’sasolutiontothebusynessepidemic(流行病),otherthantheuniversal21-hourworkweek,itmaylieinclearlyrealizingjusthowreasonableourattitudeshavebecome.Historically,theultimatesymbolofwealth,achievementandsocialsuperioritywasthefreedomnottowork.Now,it’sbusynessthathasbecometheindicatorofhighstatus.“Thebest-offinoursocietyareoftenverybusy,andhavetobe,”saysGershunny.“Youaskme,amIbusy,andItellyou:”Yes,ofcourseI’mbusybecauseI’manimportantperson!”Toooften,wemeasureourworthnotbytheresultsweachieve,butbyhowmuchofourtimewespend.Welivecrazylives,atleastinpart,becauseitmakesusfeelgoodaboutourselves.63.Accordingtotheauthor,people’sfeelingaboutbusynessresultsfrom_______.A.theincreaseintimevalue B.thesacrificeoffamilytimeC.thelongerworkingtime D.thechangeofworkingpartners64.Theunderlinedphrase“weighingusdown”inparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.makingusoverburdened B.havingapositiveeffectonusC.measuringusinallaspects D.givingustimeforreflection65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesolutiontobusynessisapplyinga21-hourworkweek.B.Ifpeoplehadleisuretime,theywouldrelaxthemselves.C.Thefeelingofbeingburdenedspellslowproductivity.D.Freedomisoverrepresentedinthecurrentsociety.66.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.Themeasurementofwealthinthecurrentsociety.B.Theevolutionofpeople’sattitudetowardsbusyness.C.Thehiddenreasonsandeffectsofpeople’sbusyness.D.Thesolutiontoprioritizingthecrucialtasksinbusyness.参考答案：63.A

64.A

65.C

66.C【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是“人们忙碌背后的原因和影响”。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Acrosstheindustrializedworld,largenumbersofsurveyrespondentstellresearchersthey’reoverburdenedwithwork,attheexpenseoftimewithfamilyandfriends.“在工业化国家，大量的受访者告诉研究人员，他们的工作负担过重，与家人和朋友相处的时间减少了。”可知，作者认为，人们对忙碌的感觉