阅读理解猜测词义课件

阅读理解猜测词义课件.ppt２００7年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求

要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如科技小品、新闻报道、人物传记、史地文化、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息；

３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出判断和推理；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。2002—2006年阅读理解试题分类情况题目设计数量20022003200420052006试题设计分类事实细节题3511411主旨大意题33332词义猜测题44414推理判断题97293识图计算题11上下文构词法猜测词意阅读理解之猜测词意un-,dis-,im-,non-:uncertain,disagree,impractical,nonsensepre-,fore-:,preview,foresee,tele-:telescope,telegram,auto-:autobicycle,autoboat,autobusbi-:bicycle,biplane,

tri-:

triangle,tricolortrans-:transform,transplant,transportanti-:anti-poison,anti-socialre-:repay,review,rearrange,rewrite反义前缀不切实际的废话前的，先的预见；预知远程的自行；自动有二的三双翼飞机三色旗转变；转移抵抗；排斥

不喜社交的归还；回报out-,over-外围；超越

:overcoat,overwork,outstanding,outplay打败；胜过-er,-or:silencer消音器,

newcomer,governor,-tion,-sion:hesitation,persuasion,说服力-ment:disappointment,amazement吃惊,measurement-ness:weakness,restlessness,不安；不平静exactness,eagerness热切；-ful,-less:mouthful,homeless,priceless无价的；极贵重的-en,-fy:sharpen使尖锐strengthen,satisfy,-ive:instructive,progressive,decisive-ish:childish,feverish,selfish,greenish●信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedas，定语从句以及破折号等Amosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthruststheskinandthendrinksblood.

Oneofitsmostobviouscharactersisitssmartness,whichhasmadetheanimalanotorious（臭名昭著的）pest.1、定义或解释说明蚊子精明；狡猾刺进；插入害虫；有害的动物2、对比关系

信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,ononehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof等

ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.污秽的节约的3、因果关系

信号词:

because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thusRubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverisso

turbid

thatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.弹性的混浊的4、举例法

信号词:

such,suchas,like,forexample/instance,especially,include,consistofCarsmusthavecertainsafetydevices

suchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.家禽装置灌溉有牙齿的5、重述

信号词:or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,i.e.

Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwater,theirfields.

Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.6、同义词、近义词

信号词:

or,like,as…as,thesameasThenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostas

plump

asmother,andmuchshorter.取代圆胖的,7、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetic

tomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipple

spreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.波纹膨胀冷缩

麻药8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义例题：1.Tomcan’tplaytennisnowbecausehecan’tfindhiswhitesneakers.C.shoes2.Janeisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclassyesterday.A．lateB．ontimeC．pleasedadj.敏捷的,迅速的,即时的adv.准时地A.moneyB.bowls06年高考题：ReadingatRiskmerelyshowsagreatculturalchange

thatmostAmericanshavealreadynoted---oursociety’sgreatturntoelectronicmediaforentertainmentandinformation.61.Theunderlinedphrase“culturalchange”inpara2referstothechange____.A.fromoralculturetoelectronicmediaB.fromprintculturetoelectronicmediaC.fromelectronicmediatooralcultureD.fromelectronicmediatoprintculture

Howhasthecoyoteshownthisextraordinaryability?“Iguessifyouwantedtouseoneword,it’dbe‘plasticity’,”saysEricGase,anexpertatUtahStateUniversity.Coyotescanlivealone,inpairs,orinlargepackslikewolves;huntatnightorduringtheday;occupyasmallregionoranareaupto40squaremiles,andliveonallsortsoffood,fromlizards(蜥蜴）andshoes,toantsandmelons.

63.Theunderlinedword”plasticity”inpara2refersto________.A.theabilitytofittheenvironmentB.notorioussmartnessC.huntingabilityD.beinghuman-tolerantSheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturallife,tryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliterature,filmandart.Withgreateffortandseriousjudgment.Sontagwalkedatthelatestedgesofworldculture.71.TheunderlinedsentenceinPara1meansSontag______.A.wasasymbolofAmericanculturallifeB.developedworldliterature,filmandartC.publishedmanyessaysaboutworldcultureD.keptpacewiththenewestdevelopmentofworldcultureAccordingtodeputyfirechiefSteveClyatt,possiblythefirestartedbecauseofaninadequateextensioncordusedonawindowairconditioner.Morethanhalfofthehomewasburneddown.Therewasextensivesmokeandwaterdamageintheremainderofthestructure.Estimatesforrepaircostswereunavailable.“I’dsayit’sunlikelytheywillrecoverthis,butI’vebeensurprisedbefore,”Clyattsaid.It’sawonderthatSealssurvivedthefire.Thehousewasbadlydamaged.Suchabadfirewasseldomseen.Chatoisaverycleverdog.LisaWarrenthoughtshehaditmade.Shewas16andhadherownsportycar.Butbeforeshehadachancetoburnrubber,herdadMarkandhiselectricalengineerfellowworkersdevelopedawaytomakesureLisadidnotbecomeajuniorroadwarrior(勇士).

Theunderlinedpart“burnrubber”means_____.bringaboutanaccidentdrivetooquicklyexaminethecartyresheatthecartyres选择猜词题注意:

1.特别注重猜其意义,较少注重猜其词形.

2.特别注重猜其深层含义或比喻义.

3.特别注重利用猜词技巧尤其是上下文的运用.

4.要仔细对比四个选项的异同.Fromthisresearchabouttastes,welearnsomeinterestingthingsaboutsuper–tasters.Foronething,super-tastershavemoretastebuds(味蕾)ontheirtongues.And,tosuper-tastersbitterfoodstasteverybitter,andsweetfoodstasteverysweet.Super-tastersmightalsonotlikespicyfoodmadewithchilipepper,becauseitwouldbetoohotforthem.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordspicy.

73.Hot.ProfessorSabbatuccireceivedhundredsofcallsfrompeoplehopingtotrickhimintohandingthemthecash.Buttherewasonevoiceherecognized-----notrefusingtomeettheman,hearrangedtomeethiminapark.Therobber,a35-year-oldunemployedfatheroftwo,gavebackthesuitcaseandburstintotears.Hecouldnotbelievewhatwashappening.“Whydidn’tyoukeepthe