四川大学外国语学院《638基础英语》历年考研真题及详解

目录

2011年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解

2010年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解

2009年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解

2008年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解

2007年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解

2011年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真

题及详解

PartOneReadingComprehension(40points)

I.ClozeTest(10points)

ChooseoneofthefouranswersmarkedA,B,C,Dtocompletethe

article.Writeyouranswerontheanswersheet.Besurethatthenumberofthe

answersinagreementwiththenumberoftheblanks.

Today,theworldwidewebcanbeusedbothto(1)informationand

tomakeit(2)toothers.Information(3)onwebpagesisviewedby

(4)ofbrowser.Thesourcesofinformationlinkedinthiswaycanbelocated

onanycomputer(5)isalsopartoftheweb.Eachinformationsource

(6)toanindefinitememberofotherwebpages.Hypertextandhyperlinks

allowusersactingasreceiversofinformationto(7)fromonesourceof

informationtoanother,(8)forthemselveswhichinformationtheywishto

(9)totheirbrowserandwhichlinkstheywantto(10).The

addressesofwebpagescanbefoundbyusingthemanyhundredsofgeneral

andspecializedsearchengineswhichprovide(11)todatabaseswhich

holdinformationonthem.Onceawebpageshasbeenfound,hyperlinksmay

point(12)otherplaces(13)interestontheweb.Addressesofweb

pagesalso(14)inothermoreconventionalmedia,suchasmagazines,

newspapersandtelevisionprograms,andonposters.

Webpages,intheir(15),facilitateaccesstoinformationmade

availablebyother(16)ofmediaofexample,collectionsheldinlibraries

orprogramsbroadcastontelevision.

Mostwebpagesofferinteractiveopportunitieswhichgo(17)merely

allowingvisitorsfreedomastowhenandhowtheyvisitapageandwhere

theymightchoosetogonext.Feedbackcanbekeptformalviaa

questionnairewhichcanbefilled(18),orinformalbyprovidingan

addressfore-mailorevenby(19)adigitalguestbookforcommentsleft

forotheruserstoread.Althoughallwebpagesareprotectedsothat

unauthorizedvisitorscannotmakeunsolicitedchangestothem,itisalso

possibleto(20)accesstopagesontheinternettothoseholdinga

password.

1.A.believeB.retrieveC.perceiveD.conceive

2.A.availableB.obtainableC.achievableD.amicable

3.A.displayedB.displayingC.displayableD.isdisplayed

4.A.mediumB.vehicleC.agentD.means

5.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.it

6.A.maybelinkedB.maybelinkedC.mayislinkedD.may

linked

7.A.wonderB.wanderC.strayD.ramble

8.A.decidingB.decidedC.decideD.todecided

9.A.transitionB.transmitC.transformD.transfer

10.A.flipB.slipC.skipD.skim

11.A.successB.accessC.assessD.possess

12.A.aboutB.onC.atD.to

13.A.onB.ofC.inD.at

14.A.toappearB.appearedC.appearingD.appear

15.A.sequenceB.orderC.turnD.switch

16.A.modesB.forumsC.shapesD.forms

17.A.beyondB.overC.againstD.further

18.A.upB.outC.withD.over

19.A.installB.installedC.installingD.installsa

20.A.constrainB.confineC.restrictD.limit

【答案与解析】

1.Bretrieve检索;恢复;重新得到。perceive觉察;理解;认知。

conceive怀孕;构思;以为;持有。

2.Amakesomethingavailableto使…能得到某物。obtainable能得到

的。achievable可完成的。amicable友好的。

3.A展示在网页上的信息通过浏览器观看。信息是被展示在网页

上,所以用表示被动的过去分词displayed修饰information做主语。

4.Dbymeansof用…方式。

5.Bthat引导的定语从句修饰computer,因为computer前有any修饰,

所以不能用which代替引导词that。

6.Bbelinkedto与…相连。选项在句中充当谓语,且may后应接动词

原型,所以选D。A选项中maybe,可能,为副词。

7.Bwonder怀疑;想知道。stray流浪;迷路。wander和ramble都有“漫

步，漫游，闲逛”的意思,但wander指无目的地到处徘徊或闲荡,而ramble

一般指走走停停,心情愉快,步履轻松。

8.Adeciding与前半句的acting为并列关系。超文本和超链接能让用

户充当信息的接受者,从一个信息资源逛到另一个信息资源,并让用户自

己决定他们希望转移到浏览器的信息。

9.Dtransfer此题属于词义辨析题。四个选项都有“转移,转换”的意

思。transfer（常与to连用）迁移;调任;转移。一般包含空间上的转移之

意。transition(名词)转变;变化;过渡;变迁。transmit传送;传播;传递;

传染;播送;发送。transform使变形;使改观;转变;改造。一般是看不出

原来样子的“转化”。

10.Cskip在本文中的含义为“(故意)遗漏,漏掉”。近似含义还有,“不

参加某项活动;缺席”。flip轻弹;弹投,弹抛;翻。俚语中有“发疯”的意

思。slip滑落;溜走;忘记;遗漏。skim撇去液体上的油质或固体物质;浏

览;轻轻掠过,轻擦而过。

11.Baccess进入;通道。success,成功。assess作动词,评估。possess

作动词,占有,拥有。

12.Dpointto指向。pointat一般有“指向某一特定点”之意。

13.Bplacesofinterest有意思的去处,名胜。

14.Dappear主语为复数名词addressesofwebpages,同时该句描述的

为一般情况,应该用动词appear的一般现在时,即原形。

15.Cinone’sturn,是inturn(依次,轮流)的另一种用法。

16.Dform此处表示形式。mode强调模式,不是最佳选项。forum论

坛,讨论会,会议场所。

17.Agobeyond超出。与merely相对应,在句中表示不仅仅。多数网

页(为网虫)提供互动的机会,让那些访问的人在自主决定什么时候,用什

么方式来访问网页,以及下一步点击哪里之外,还能有更多选择。

18.Bfill…out表示填写。fill…up意为“填满”。

19.C介词by后面应该用动词install的现在分词形式。

20.Dlimit,restrict,confine这三个动词的一般含义为“限制”或“局

限”。limit指时、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”,其内涵是如果超出了这

种限度就会受罚或遭到令人不快的后果;此外,这个词也常用来表示“局

限”。restrict区别于limit的地方在于,restrict“限制”的是范围,而limit侧重

于表示“限制”到某个点。confine具有limit和restrict两者的含义,但

confine的内涵是“约束”或“束缚”。

II.Readingcomprehension(30points)

Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyatotaloffifteen

multiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandwriteyouransweronthe

answersheet.

Passage1

Asidefromperpetuatingitself,thesolepurposeoftheAmerica

AcademyandInstituteofArtsandLettersisto“foster,assistandsustainan

interest"inliterature,music,andart.Thisitdoesbyenthusiasticallyhanding

outmoney.Annualcashawardsaregiventodeservingartistsinvarious

categoriesofcreativity:architecture,musicalcomposition.theater,novels,

seriouspoetry,lightverse,painting,sculpture.Oneawardsubsidizesa

promisingAmericanwriter’svisittoRome.Thereisevenanawardforavery

goodworkoffictionthatfailedcommercially—oncewonbytheyoungJohn

UpdikeforThepoorhouseFairand,morerecently,byAliceWalkerforin

LoveandTrouble.

Theawardsandprizestotalabout$750,000ayear,butmostofthem

rangeinsizefrom$5,000to$12,500,awelcomesumtomanyyoung

practitionerswhoseworkmaynotbringinthatmuchinayear.Oneofthe

advantagesoftheawardsisthatmanygotothestrugglingartist,ratherthan

tothosewhoarealreadysuccessful.MembersoftheAcademyandInstitute

arenoteligibleforanycashprizes.Anotheradvantageisthat,unlikethe

NationalEndowmentfortheArtsorsimilarinstitutionsthroughouttheworld,

thereisnogovernmentmoneyrevolved.

Awardsaremadebycommittee.Eachofthethreedepartments—

Literature(120members),Art(83),Music(47)—hasacommitteedealingwith

itsownfield.Committeemembershiprotateseveryyearsothatnewvoices

andopinionsareconstantlyheard.

ThemostfinanciallyrewardingofalltheAcademy-Instituteawardsare

theMildredandHaroldStraussLivings.HaroldStrauss,adevotededitorat

AlfredA.Knopf,theNewYorkpublishinghouse,andMildredStrauss,his

wife,werewealthymaychildless.They,lefttheAcademy-Instituteaunique

bequest:forfiveconsecutiveyears,twodistinguished(andfinancially

needy)writerswouldreceiveenoughmoneysothey,coulddevotethemselves

entirelyto“proseliterature”(noplays,nopoetry,andnopayingjobthat

mightdistract).In1983,thefirstStraussLivingsof$35,000ayearwentto

short-storywriterRaymondCarverandnovelist-essayistCynthiaOzick.By

1988,thefundhadgrownenoughsothattwowinners,novelistsDiane

JohnsonandRobertStone,eachgot$50,000ayearforfiveyears.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Award-winningworksofliterature.

B.Anorganizationthatsupportsthearts.

C.Thelifeofanartist.

D.Individualpatronsofthearts.

2.Theword“sole”inparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.

A.only

B.honorable

C.common

D.official

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutAliveWalker’sbookIn

LoveandTrouble?

A.ItsoldmorecopiesthanThePoorhouseFair.

B.Itdescribedtheauthor’svisittoRome.

C.Itwasacommercialsuccess.

D.ItwaspublishedafterThePoorhouseFair.

4.EachyeartheawardsandprizesofferedbytheAcademy-Institute

totalapproximately.

A.$12,500

B.S35,000

C.$50,000

D.$750,000

5.WhereinthepassagedoestheauthorcitethegoaloftheAcademy-

Institute?

A.Lines1-3

B.Lines12-13

C.Line19-20

D.Line22-23

【答案与解析】

1.B文章首句表明了AmericaAcademyandInstituteofArtsand

Letters支持艺术的目的,而后整篇文章围绕此组织如何支持阐述，所以

选项B正确。

2.Asole仅仅,单独。

3.D第一段最后一句中指出AliceWalker获奖时间比JohnUpdike更

晚（morerecently）。他们所获奖项专为在商业上失败但很优秀的小说

设置,所以C项错误。A项和B项在文中并未提及。

4.D第二段第一句明确提出每年用于奖项的总支出大约为$750,

000。

5.A在首段第一句中明确指出Academy-Institute的目的除了维持本

身运转,就是“foster,assistandsustainaninterest"inliterature,music,and

art.

Passage2

Youmaythinkthattheshabbywandererwhocomestothebackdoorfor

ahandouthasnoplaceinsociety.Actuallyhebelongstoasocietyofhis

own.Itisafellowshipwithitsowncustoms,educationalsystem,community

centersandevenitsownlanguage.Itwasthisbasisofthewanderer’slife,

thishobocodeoftheroad,thatfirstarousedmyinterestinthemenwhouse

it.

OnemorningIwatchedasmyneighborcamedownthehighwayand

turnedintomybarnroad.Tomysurprise,hestoppednearthebarnand

studiedsomethingforamoment.Ashenearedthehouse,belaughedloudly

andshouted,“Howdoyoulikefeedingeverybuminthevicinity?”

Iconcededthatwehadbeenfeedinganunusuallylargenumberof

hungrytrampsandhoboslately.Timesmustbegettingharder,Iexplained,

formostofthemenwhocametoourdoorsaidthattheycouldn’tfindwork

anywhere.

“It’snothardtimesthatbringsthemhere,”grinnedmyneighbor.

“You’vegotasignonyourbarnadvertisingthatyourwifehasasoftheart

andfallsforahard-luckstory.”

“Whatsign?”NaturallyIwasstartled,andIdemandedthatheexplain.

Stilllaughingalittle,hebeckonedmetowardthebarnandshowedmethe

signscrawledthere.Itwasjustacrudechalkdrawingofafatcatandsome

triangles,thekindanykindergartenchildmightproduce,butmyneighbor

assuredmethatforallthehobosandtrampswhocameby,thecryptic

symbolswereclear.Theyindicatedthatanypasserbycouldprobablygeta

handouthere.Thecatmeant“kindwoman”,thetrianglescouldbetranslated

as“Asobstorywillwinahandout.”Oneofourfirst“guests”hadleftthis

messageforthosewhofollowedhim.Thatincidentwasmyintroductionto

thesecrethobocode,anditstartedmedoingsomefascinatingresearch.I

foundthatthehobocodeisanextremelysimpleone.Itusesneithernumbers

norletters;allthecodesymbolsareroughdrawingsthatlooklikeachild’s

firsteffortswithacrayon.Acircle,forinstance,means“Nothingdoing—no

handoutshere”,twolinespointingupwardmean“Theskyisthelimit—the

peopleherearegenerousIndeed.”Thesimplesymbolsarequite

incomprehensibletopersonswhohavenotbeentaughtthecode,buttheyare

immediatelyunderstoodbyhoboseverywhere.Thehobopicturelanguageis

anoldcodeandonethatisworldwide.ItwasprobablybroughttotheUnited

StatesfromEuropeatleastahundredyearsago.Old-timersinthehobo

jungles,orcamps,teachittotheyoungpunks—thosewhoarenewonthe

road.Forallthemenwhoregularlytramptheroads,thecodeisanalmost

indispensabletoolforliving.

Mostpeopleusethetermshobo,tramp,andbuminterchangeablyto

describeanywandererwhoasksforahandout.Actually,althoughallthree

typesofmenmayfollowtheroads,therearedifferencesbetweenthem.St

JohnTucker,formerpresidentoftheHoboCollegeinChicago,definesthe

hoboasa“migratoryworker,”thetrampasa“migatory,nonworker,”andthe

bumasa“stationarynonworker.”Anotherauthority,Dr.BenL.Reitman,

makesjustaboutthesamedistinction.Hesays,“Thehoboworksand

wanders,thetrampdreamsandwanders,andthebumdrinksandwanders.”

Bothagreethatthehobodiffersfromthetrampandthebumprincipallyin

thatheisactuallyaworker.Hemaynotremaininanyoneplaceforlong,but

heearnsmostofhislivinglegitimately.

Therearemanyreasonswhyamanmaybecomeahobo.Hardtimesor

seasonalunemploymentmayforceunskilledworkerstotaketotheroadsin

searchofjobs.Lowmentality;physicalhandicaps,oroldagemaymake

steadyworkimpossibleforsomemen.Discriminationbecauseofrace,color,

orcreedmaybeanobstacleforothers.Manymenwhobecomehobosare

unabletoholdasteadyjobbecauseofseverepersonalityproblems,

alcoholism,drugaddiction,orsimplytheinabilitytogetalongwithothers.

Thentherearesome—andtheyarenumerous—whotramptheroadsbecause

ofanoverwhelmingwanderlust,orrestlessness.

Whenofferedhischoiceoftwojobs,thehobowillusuallyheadforthe

onefarthestfromwhereheis.Hedoesservesocietyinhistravels;many

industries,includinglumbering,mining,andagriculture,makeuseofhim

duringtheirbusyseasons.Furthermore,wheneveracatastropheoccurs—fire,

flood,orearthquake—thehoboisoncallforwork.Heconstantlyseeks

varietyofexperience,somethingtobragaboutbackinthejungleswherehe

joinshisfellowsatnight.

Oneofthebasicappealsofthehobocampisthefactthatheretherover

canbragabout,andmagnify,hisexploitsfarhispeers.Thecampisusually

locatedinasecludedspotneartherailroadtracksattheedgeoftown.Itisthe

hobo’sservicecenter,theplacewherehecaneatthecommunitymulligan

stew,washhisclothes,sleep,andexchange,travelandjobinformationon

easytownsandhardcops.

Thecampalsoservesasaschoolforthosewhoarelearningtobegwhen

theywantto,workwhentheymust,andpilferwhentheycan.Atonetime

theseknightsoftheroadhadasecretgrip,ahandshakethatconsistedof

pressingthethumbnailinthebackoftheotherfellow’shand;ifhewerea

hobo,hewouldrespondbygraspingthemiddleandindexfingersinreturn.

Anotherway,ahobocouldidentifyhimselftoakindredroamerwasto

scratchhischinwithhisrighthandandthenpullhisrightear.Theother

hobo’ssignofrecognitionwasaclenchedfistplacedovertheheart.Ifa

policemanorsomeotherenemy,wasapproaching,onehobocouldsignal

anotherbypressingthebackofhisheadwitheitherhandandthenputtingthe

backofthathandtohismouth.

Theseritualsarenolongeringeneraluseamongthehobos;theyarenot

oftentaughtinthehobojunglestoday.Inthenew,streamlined“curriculum,”

effortisconcentratedonteachingthenovice(behehobo,tramp,orburn)the

secretcodesignsoftheroad.

Inmostways,however,theprivateworldofthewandererremainsthe

same.Hiscode,hiscamps,hisnaturechangebutlittle.Hegoesfromtownto

townsearchingforhandoutsjobs,adventure,andexcitement.Heseeksthe

everchangingsceneryoftheroad.

6.Mostofthewriter’sinformationforthisarticleprobablycamefrom.

A.ahelpfulneighbor

B.researchinbooks

C.talkswithhobs

D.asurvey

7.Manymenmightnotbecomehobo.

A.freefoodwereprovidedforthem

B.moreskilledjobswereavailable

C.therewasbettereducationsystem

D.personalityproblemsweresolved

8.Hobosandtrampsarealikeinthattheyboth.

A.refusetowork

B.prefersolitude

C.arerestless

D.cannotholdasteadyjob

9.Thewriterthinksthatthehobois.

A.usuallyaburdentosociety

B.sometimesausefulcitizen

C.oftenamantobeenvied

D.alwaysaburdentosociety

10.Thewriterintendedthisarticleto.

A.provideinterestinginformation

B.teachreadersthehobocode

C.makepeopleawareofasocialproblem

D.tellusthedifferencebetweenthehobo,thetrampandthebum

【答案与解析】

6.B第五段句子“Thatincidentwasmyintroductiontothesecrethobo

code,anditstartedmedoingsomefascinatingresearch.”表明邻居的话只是

激起了作者的好奇心,真正的信息来自作者的调查。

7.D第七段解释了人们成为hobo的原因。倒数第二句提到许多人成

为hobos只是因为性格问题,所以选D。

8.D第六段说明了hobos,tramp和bum的区别。其中hobo在不同地方

游荡工作,而tramp在不同地方游荡但不工作。所以选D,他们都没有稳定

的工作。

9.B第九段展示了hobos工作的一些情况,在第一句就明确表明他们

在旅行中服务社会。

10.AB项和D项以偏概全,作者意在提供一些关于流浪汉的有意思

的信息,并不在于揭示社会问题。

Passage3

Palmyra,aoncesplendidcitywhoseruinsintheSyriandesertcanstill

beseen,wasthecapitalofoneofthemostunusualrulersinhistory.Shewas

Zenobia,whocalledherselfQueenoftheEast.

ZenobiawasborninthedesertofeasternSyriaaboutA.D.220.Her

father,Zabbai,wasanArabBedouinchieftain.Hermotherwasabeautiful

GreekwomanwhoproudlyclaimedCleopatraasanancestor.

Thegirl’searlyhomewasagoat-hairtent,pitchednowinthesands,

nowbesidesomeoasisintheshadowofthepalms.WhileZenobiawasstill

veryyoung,herparentsrealizedthatshehadbeengreatlyblessed.Zabbai’s

peoplehadneverseensuchabeautifulchild.Inadditiontoherbeautyshe

hadstrengthandintelligence.Bythetimeshewastwelveyearsold,shehad

learnedtorideacamelasfarandasfastasanyoneinthetribe,andshe

alreadyshowedsignsofthequalifiesofleadershipthatweretomakehera

proudandpowerfulqueen.

AtthattimetheeasternhalfofSyriawasruledbythecityofPalmyra,

anoasisatthejunctionofthegreatdesertcaravanroutes.ThroughPalmyra

traveledtherichesoftheEastontheirwaytothemarketsoftheWest-Greek,

Jewish,Arab,andSyrianmerchantscan3etotradesilks,carpets,dates,and

grain.Thecitywasarichprize,andeventuallyitwasseizedbytheRomans.

OdenathuswastherulerofPalmyra.AlthoughtheRomanshadgiven

himhispower,Romewasfaraway,andhewasambitious.Littlebylittlehe

tookthegovernmentawayfromRomeandintohisownhands.Finallyhe

plannedarevoltandmaderipsintothedeserttorecruitandtraintribesmento

fightwithhim.ItwasononeofthesetripsthathemetZenobia.Theprince

wascaptivatedbythisbeautiful,wild-ridinggirl,andaskedZabbaiforher

hand.Theyweremarriedinalavishceremonyanddark-eyedZenobia,atthe

ageofeighteen,movedtoPalmyratoliveinacarvedstonepalace.

Intimetheyhadthreesonsandseveraldaughters.Zenobiasawtoitthat

herchildrenwerewelleducated:sheevenbroughtthephilosopherLonginus

fromRometobetheirtutor.

Theyoungqueentookaninterestinalltheaffairsofstate.She

impressedtheministerswithhershrewdjudgmentandthearmygenerals

withherdaring.Shelearnedtoplanmilitarycampaignsandtodrillandlead

theArabsoldiers.Shelearnedtoplanmilitary,campaignsandtodrilland

leadtheAraabsoldiers.SheherselfledachargeagainstthePersians,whose

armieshadbeenthreateningPalmyrafromtheeast.Encouragedbythis

success,OdenathusandZenobiaattackedaRomanarmyinnorthernSyria;

thedaringplanworked,andtheenemywasdestroyed.

Amazedandfrightenedatthesevictories,thestatesneighboringonthe

SyriandesertjoinedforceswithPalmyra.Attheheightofthissuccess,

however,Odenathuswasmurdered.Zenobiawaslefttorulealone.She

proclaimedherselfabsolute

monarchofPalmyraandaddedtheproudtitle,QueenoftheEast.

Thewidowedqueenlookedaboutfornewworldstoconquer.Tothe

southwestlayrich,civilizedEgypt.Shesentseventythousandofhertroops

totheNile,andtheyseizedthecountryafteronevictoriousbattle.Noarmy

seemedabletowithstandZenobia’smight.Astrideherwhitecamel,her

purplecloakflying,sheledhercavalry,acrossthesandsfromonevictoryto

another.Syria,Egypt,Arabia,Palestine,Persia,AsiaMinor—allfellbefore

theBedouinqueen:Bythetimeshewasfortyyearsoldsherulednearlyhalf

ofRome’sformerempire.

Zenobiawaspopularinheradoptedcity-state.Homage,wealth,and

glorypouredintoPalmyra,andthecitypromisedtobecometheRomeof

Asia.ArtistsandpoetstraveledtothedesertkingdomfromEuropeandthe

East.Whitetemplesandpalacesgleamedacrossthedose.Camelcaravans,

ladenwithriches,woundinandoutofthecitygates.Everywherethepeople

cheeredZenobiaassherodefearlesslyaboutthecity.

ZenobiaknewthatRome’spowerandpridecouldnotbeignored:afinal

clashmustcome.Rome,arousedbyPalmyra’srebellion:victories,and

growingmight,waspreparingtofightforthemasteryoftheEasternworld.

TheSyrianqueenmadepreparationstoo.Shebolsteredthestrengthofher

armiesandbuiltfortressesonthefrontiers:

WhentheRomanssentageneralandtheirbesttroopstohumblethe

proudqueen,theyunderestimatedZenobia’smilitary,skill.ItwastheRoman

generalwhowashumbled,andRomansoldierswhowerekilled.Asecond

manywassentagainstZenobia.ThistimeshemethermatchinAurelian,the

generalwhowaslatertobecomeemperorofRome.TheArabcavalrythat

hadsweptfromtheblackSeatotheNilewentdownbeforehisveteran

troops.ZenobiaandtheremnantsofherforcesretreatedinsidePalmyra’s

walls;thereZenobiavowedthatshewoulddieratherthansurrender.When

Aurelianofferedtosparethecityuponhersurroundingsshemockingly

refused.Duringthedesperatesiegethatfollowed:Zenobiamovedaboutthe

ramparts,encouraginghersoldiersandfightingwithherownspearwhere

therewasneed.However,evenhercourageanddeterminationwerenot

enough.Thecity’sfoodsupplygaveout;thearmywasweakenedby

starvation.UnlessZenobiacouldenlisttheaidofthePersians,Palmyrawas

doomed.SheresolvedtoescapeandseekaidfromPersiaherself.

Undercoverofadarknight,sheandafewfollowerslowered

themselvesintotheRomancampatthefootofthewall.Theycreptpastthe

Romansentries,mountedcamels,andturnedeasttowardtheEuphrates

River.Ridingbynightanhidingbyday,theyfinallycamewithin,sightof

palmsahead—thepalmsthatmarkedthebanksoftheEuphrates.Acrossthe

riverwasPersia—andsafety.Lookingback,ZenobiasawtheRomansin

pursuit.Frantically,sheshoutedatafishermantocomeandfetchher.Hewas

puzzled,butheturnedhisboatandrowedtowardher.TheRomansarrived

beforehecouldreachtheshore.

AureliantookthedefeatedqueenandmanyotherprisonerstoRome.

There,boundingoldchains,theQueenoftheEastmarchedbehindhis

chariotinhistriumphalparade—abitterexperienceforthequeenwhohad

oncedreamedofconqueringRome.Aureliantreatedhisdistinguishedcaptive

generously,presentingherwithahandsomevillanearRome.Thereshewas

allowedtoliveoutherdayspeacefullyasaRomanmatron.

TheempireoftheEastcrumbledwiththefallofPalmyraandthe

captureofitsqueen.ThesplendorandpompofPalmyrabecameonlya

memory.ButthenameofZenobiastillremainsasymbolofgloryandpride.

11.ThestatesneighboringontheSyriandmortjoinedforceswith

Palmyrabecausethey.

A.wereafraidthattheywouldbetakenbyforce

B.admiredZenobia

C.sawawaytomakeaprofitforthemselves

D.admiredOdenathus

12.ZenobiaknewthatRomewouldtrytoreconquerPalmyra

because_____.

A.shehadmadeitarichcity

B.Romewasjealousofherpower.

C.shehadtakenawayallofRome'sempire

D.BothBandC

13.PalmyashowedpromiseofbecomingtheRomeofAsia.

A.afterZenobiabuiltherempire

B.duringthetimethatOdenathusruled

C.aftertheRomanstookitandsettledthere

D.Noneoftheabove.

14.Zenobia’slastnobledeedasageneralwas.

A.enlistingtheaidofthePersians

B.buildingfrontierfortresses

C.refusingAurelian’smercy

D.tovowthatshewoulddieratherthansurrenderandshekepther

promise.

15.Theword“pitched”inparagraph3means.

A.thrown

B.aimed

C.setup

D.dug

【答案与解析】

11.A从第八段首句可知他们是因为畏惧才投靠Palmyra。

12.D从第十一段可知Rome是因为Palmyra的背叛和胜利才发起战

争,所以选项D正确。

13.A从第十段第二句可知在Zenobia建立自己的政权以后,通过不

断的征服,最终让Palmyra城市不断繁荣,有成为亚洲的罗马的希望。

14.A故事以Zenobia请求援兵失败被捕结束,并接受了罗马提供给

她的特殊待遇,所以选项A正确。

15.Cpitched指Zenobia曾经住过的类似的帐篷现在仍矗立在沙漠

中。

PartTwoEnglish-ChineseTranslation(30points)

TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoChinese.Eachtranslatedpassage

willaccountfor15points.Givethenumberofthepassageonyouranswer

sheet.

Passage1

Booksarethebestofthings,wellused;abused,amongtheworst.What

istherightuse?Whatistheoneendwhichallmeansgotoeffect?Theyare

fornothingbuttoinspire.Ihadbetterneverseeabook,thantobewarpedby

itsattractioncleanoutofmyownorbit,andmadeasatelliteinsteadofa

system.Theonethingintheworld,ofvalue,istheactivesoul.Thisevery

manisentitledto;thiseverymancontainswithinhim,althoughinalmostall

menobstructedandasyetunborn.

【参考译文】

书能善读时,是最好的,如果滥用,就是有害的。什么是善用？什么

是阅读的目的？什么是各种手段都要施加影响的终点？它就是启迪心

智,除此无他。如果我的思想为书本吸引被完全束缚,无法循着自我的轨

道运行,成为他人思想的卫星而不是自我的星系,我宁愿一本书也不读。

活跃的心灵是这世上最宝贵的。每个人都有拥有它的权利,它也就在每

个人的心间。尽管,对于大多数人,这一心灵被禁锢了,或者尚未诞生。

Passage2

Abookcasereachesfromthefloortotheceiling.Itisfilledwithmedical

booksofeverythicknessandcolor.Onthetopshelfoftheeasestandsalong

rowofliteraryworks,amongwhichmaybementionedTheCanterbury

TalesbyGeoffrey,Chaucer,TheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustuby

ChristopherMarlowe,IvanhoebySirWalterScott,TheOldCuriousShopby

CharlesDickens,Gulliver'sTravelsbyJonathanSwift,PrideandPrejudice

byJaneAusten,WaldenbyHenryDavidThoreau,TheBlithedaleRomance

byNathanielHawthorne,MobyDickbyHermanMelville,TheSoundand

FurybyWilliamFaulkner,Catch22byJosephHoller,andSongofSolomon

byToniMonrrison.

【参考译文】

书柜从地板一直到天花板,各种厚度颜色的医学书籍囊列其中。在

在顶架上一长排的文学作品从容摆放,其中可能提及的有杰弗里·乔叟的

《坎特伯雷故事集》、克里斯托夫·弗马洛的《浮士德博士的悲剧》、

瓦尔特·司各特爵士《艾凡赫》、查尔斯狄更斯的《老古玩店》、乔纳

森·斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》、简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》、亨利·大

卫·梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》、纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《福谷传奇》、赫尔曼·麦尔

维尔的《白鲸记》、威廉·福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》、约瑟夫·海勒的

《第22条军规》和托尼·莫里森的《所罗门之歌》。

PartThreeChinese-EnglishTranslation(30points)

TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish.Eachtranslatedpassage

willaccountfor15points.Givethenumberofthepassageonyouranswer

sheet.

Passage1

自然环境塑造文化。人、自然环境和文化相互影响,构成一个互动

的三角。人有自我意识,有主观能动性,且高于自然,有智慧,甚至可以

说“人为万物之灵”。人作用于自然之上而创造文化,可是他永远不能游

离于自然而置身其外;相对可以说,人在生物圈中只不过是微小的一部

分,他受到相当程度的制约