古希腊与古中国对比(英文版)

GreekMythology＆

Themyth

ofancientchinaChinesemythologyisacollectionofculturalhistory,folk-tales,andreligionsthathavebeenpasseddowninoralorwrittentradition.Itincludescreationmythsandlegends,suchasmythsconcerningthefoundingofChinesecultureandtheChinesestate.Asinmanycultures’mythologies,Chinesemythologyhasinthepastbeenbelievedtobe,atleastinpart,afactualrecordingofhistory.ChinesemythologyGreekMythologyAstoGreekmythology,itisthebodyofmythsandlegendsbelongingtoancientGreeks,concerningtheirgodsandheroes,thenatureoftheworld,andtheoriginsandsignificanceoftheirowncultandritualpractices.TheywereapartofreligioninancientGreeceandarepartofreligioninmodernGreeceandaroundtheworld.盘古巨灵钟山懒汉烛龙阴阳二神太元圣母华胥国华胥化伏羲女娲宓妃（洛神）华胥国少典女登附宝炎帝（神农）黄帝（轩辕）混沌（帝江）三皇Chinesemythologyrelationship瑶姬精卫听妖（赤水氏）临魁炎帝（神农）帝承帝明帝直帝来帝裹榆罔（让位轩辕）祝融术器勾龙共工伯夷蚩尤ChinesemythologyGreekMythologyGods

theoldtheogony:theTians

（旧神谱:奥林匹斯十二泰坦）theoldtheogony:theGods

（新神谱奥林匹斯十二主神）HeroesPerseus(珀尔修斯)Jason(伊阿宋)Heracles(赫拉克勒斯)Theseus(忒修斯)MonstersMedusa(美杜莎)Minotaurus(米诺陶洛斯)Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯)PART1：TheOlympianGodsandotherDeitiesPART2：HeroesPART3：Monsters

ThecontrastamongthreekindsofChineseandGreekmythologicalfiguresPanGu＆ChaosJadeEmperor＆Zeus

NvWa＆

GaiaAnintroductiontoPanGuPanGu,isthefirstlivingbeinginChinesemythology.HecreatedtheworldbyseparatingYin(earth)fromYang(sky)withhisaxe.Andhestoodbetweenearthandskytokeepthemfromcombiningtoeachotheragain.Hisworklastedfor1800years.Withinthoseyears,hisheightkeptgrowingandconsequentlythedistancebetweenskyandearthbecamelongerandlonger.Afterwards,hewaslaidtorest.Andhisorganschangedintovariouselementsoftheworld.AnIntroductiontoChaos

ChaosisbelievedtobethemostancientoriginalgodinGreekmythology.Chaosisalsodescribedasabottomlessabysswhichcreatedtheworld.chaoshasoftenbeeninterpretedasamoving,formlessmassfromwhichthecosmosandthegodsoriginated.Fromthedescriptionsabove,wemaygettheideathatChaosmaynotbeaman-shapedcreature,butamasswithoutanyshape.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwocreator

Beingboththecreatorsoftheworld,PanGuandChaosdiffernotonlyinthewaytheycreatedtheworld,butalsoinhowtheyseparatedtheworld.PanGucreatedtheworldbysacrificinghimself,whileChaoscreatedtheworldbyhisasexualreproduction;PanGuseparatedtheworldintoskyandearth,whileChaosseparatedtheworldintoheavenandearth.PanGuchangedtheworldbyturninghisbreathintowind,turninghisvoiceintothunder,andturninghisorgansintodifferentelementsoftheworld;Chaoschangedtheworldbygivingrightstohisfollowinggodgenerations.Eachgodtakeschargeofacertainpartoftheworldandtheworldchangesundertheirreign.backAnintroductiontoJadeEmperorTheJadeEmperor

inChinesefolkcultureistherulerofHeavenandallrealmsofexistencebelowincludingthatofManandHell,JadeEmperoristhemostrespectablegodwhogovernstheheavenandwillneverdemise.HeisoneofthemostimportantgodsoftheChinesetraditionalreligionpantheon.InactualTaoism,theJadeEmperorgovernsallofthemortals’realmandbelow.

AnintroductiontoZeusInthe

ancientGreek

religion,

Zeusisthe“FatherofGodsandmen”whorulestheOlympiansof

MountOlympusasafatherrulesthefamily.Heisthe

godofsky

and

thunder

in

Greekmythology.Zeusplayedadominantrole,presidingoverthe

Greek

Olympianpantheon.Hefatheredmanyoftheheroesandwasfeaturedinmanyoftheir

localcults.hewasalsothesupremeculturalartifact;insomesenses,hewastheembodimentofGreek

religiousbeliefsandthe

archetypal

Greekdeity.ThedifferencesbetweentwosupremeleadersAsboththesupremeleaderofgods,theJadeEmperordiffersfromZeusmainlyintheircharacteristics.TheJadeEmperordidn’tbecomeanadvancedgodbeforehehadexperienced1,750sufferings,whichlastedfor226,800,000years.SoinChinesemyth,theJadeEmperorisdepictedasagodwithoutanyevilspiritorevilthoughts.theJadeEmperorisstilltheonewhotakesallthebenefitsofmortalsintoconsideration.Onthecontrary,Zeusisthegodwhohasambitionsanddesires.Hecaresmuchaboutmortals’respectsandhispersonalinterests.Anyhow,thepersonalityofZeusiskindofreal,vividandhuman-like.WhilethenearlyperfectpersonalityoftheJadeEmperormakespeoplefeelsortofunrealanddistant.backAnintroductiontoNvWaNvWa

isagoddessinancientChinesemythologybestknownforcreatingmankindandrepairingthewallofheavenbyusingfive-coloredstones.givingthemlifeandtheabilitytobearchildren.NvWaworkedunceasinglytorepairthedamage,meltingdownthefive-coloredstonestomendtheheavens.ShewasconsideredtobethefirstChineserulerandhernameisthefirstonthelistofChineseemperors.AnintroductiontoGaiaGaia

wasthegoddessorpersonificationofEarthin

ancientGreekreligion,

oneofthe

Greekprimordialdeities.Hesiod's

Theogony

tellsthatGaiawasthegreatmotherofall:the

heavenlygods,the

Titans

andthe

Giants

werebornfromherunionwith

Uranus

(thesky),whilethesea-godswerebornfromherunionwith

Pontus

(thesea).Thusawiderangeofpeopleholdthatsheisthespiritualembodimentoftheearth,ortheGoddessoftheEarth.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwogreatmothers

NvWaandGaiaarebothbelievedasgreatmothersofhumanbeingsseparatelybytheChineseandtheGreek.Therearesomeslightdifferencesbetweenthemtwo.AccordingtoChinesemythology,NvWacreatedhumandirectlybyusingmud,whileGaiagavebirthtotheheavenlygods,Afterthat,peoplelearnthowtoworkandhowtoproduce,andkeptaquitegoodrelationshipwithgods.Bothofthetwomothersshowedaprofoundloveonusmankind.However,itismoresuitabletocallGaiathemotherofgodsbecausecontrastingwithNvWa,shecreatedhumanbeingsinamoreindirectway.ChinesemythologyInfluenceZephyrus(泽费罗斯)：西风之神。衍生词zephyr(西风，和风，微风)。Flora:花神古希腊罗马神话中的花神。Flora在现代英语里指代“植物”。衍生词:flower，flour，flourish，floral，florist。Muses(缪斯)：希腊神话中掌管艺术的诸神。共九位，分别是历史、抒情诗、喜剧(牧歌、田园诗)、悲剧、歌舞、爱情诗、颂歌、天文、史诗。Muses的艺术衍生出单词music，Muses收藏艺术品的地方就是museum。艺术带来的快乐便是amuse，amusement。Pan(潘)：牧神和森林之神，受打扰时会大声吼叫。衍生词panic(惊慌，恐慌)。Cronos：宙斯的父亲。字根“chron”意指“t