人教课标高一必修4 unit 2

Unit2Workingtheland(一)基本单词1.____________vi.&n.斗争;拼搏;努力2.____________n.十年;十年期3.____________adj.特级的；超级的4.____________n.产量；输出5.____________n.庄稼；农作物；产量6.____________adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的struggledecadesuperoutputcropdisturbing知识清单7.____________vt.&vi.使变大;伸展8.____________vt.&vi.循环;流传9.____________n.战役；战斗；较量

vt.&vi.

搏斗；奋斗10.____________n.自由；自主11.____________adv.因此;所以;因而12._____________n.谷物；粮食；颗粒13.____________n.国籍expandcirculatethereforenationalitybattlefreedomgrain14.__________n.工作;职业;占领15.__________vt.遗憾;惋惜n.遗憾;懊悔16.__________n.生产；制造17.________n.细菌(bacterium的复数)18.__________n.害虫19.__________n.营养；滋养；食物20.__________

n.矿物；矿石regretbacteriapestnutritionoccupationproductionmineral21.__________n.土地22.__________n.焦点;中心点

vt.集中;聚焦23.__________vt.减少;减缩24.________n.根；根源25.__________vt.浏览；略读26.__________vt.画底线标出；强调27.__________n.评论;议论

vi.&vt.表达意见;作出评论focusreducecommentsoilrootskimunderline(二)派生单词28.___________n.饥饿;欲望

vt.&vi.(使)饥饿→__________adj.饥饿的;渴望得到的29.____________vt.&vi.配备;装备→____________(不可数)n.设备30.____________vt.&vi.输出;出口→__________(反义词)vt.&vi.输入;进口hungerhungryequipequipmentexportimport31.____________n.发现；发觉→__________v.发现32.____________vt.使迷惑;使为难→____________adj.令人迷惑的→____________adj.感到迷惑的→_____________n.迷惑33.____________n.总结;摘要;概要→_____________vt.总结confuseconfusingconfusedconfusionsummarysummarizediscoverydiscover1.幸亏，由于，因为_____________2.摆脱，除去______________3.对……感到满意_______________4.宁愿，宁可________________thanks

torid

…ofbe

satisfied

withwould

rather(三)短语5.逐渐增强;建立;开发__________6.导致;造成(后果)__________7.集中(注意力/精力等)________8.使……免受(影响;伤害等);使……不含(有害物)__________________build

uplead

tofocus

onkeep...freefrom/of1.Haveyouevergrownanyplants?Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketotrygrowing?

ifso与ifnot都是条件状语从句的缩略形式,分别表示肯定和否定。(四)句式2.Dr.YuanLongpinggrows

what

iscalledsuperhybridrice.

what引导名词性从句3.In1974,hebecame

thefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrow

ricethathasahighoutput.thefirst＋n.＋todo...意为“第一个要做……的……”3.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwice

aslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。倍数表达法：

A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj.＋as＋BA＋be＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋BA＋be＋倍数＋（由某些形容词变化而来的）n.＋of＋B4.Recently,however,scientists

havebeenfinding

thatlong­termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’shealth.现在完成进行时1.strugglevt.&vi.&n.斗争;拼搏;努力;挣扎【归纳】struggleto

dosth.

艰难地做某事,挣扎着做某事strugglefor为……而斗争核心要点一、单词struggle

with

(against)

与……作斗争,同……搏斗struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来struggle

指较长时间的、激烈的斗争，往往指肉体及精神上的战斗。fight

意为“搏斗，打斗，打架”，表示“斗争”时，包含体力和勇猛的因素。struggle/fight2.expandvt.使变大;使增强;阐述

vi.扩大;增加;增强【归纳】o

把……扩展(发展,膨胀)成expandon/upon

阐述;详谈【拓展】expansionn.展开；膨胀；扩展expansiveadj.广阔的；易膨胀的expand

展开,扩大,不仅指尺寸的增加,还可指范围和体积的扩大。extend

伸出,延伸,指空间范围的扩大,以及长度、宽度的向外延伸,也可指时间的延长。expand/extend/spread/stretchspread伸开,传播,一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围,如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。stretch伸展,拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展,不是加长。【即时应用】用expand/extend/spread/stretch的适当形式填空(1)Thehotweather__________toOctober.(2)Water_________whenitfreezes.(3)He___________hisbodyfull.(4)Thefiresoon________tothenearbybuilding.

extendedexpandsstretchesspread3.equipvt.&vi.

装备;配备【归纳】equip...with...

用……装备……beequippedwith

装备着equip...forsth./todosth.

为了……而装备well/poorlyequipped

设备精良的/较差的【拓展】equipment

n.

装备;设备(不可数名词)apieceofequipment

一件设备4.confusevt.使迷惑;使为难;使混乱;混淆【归纳】

confuse...and/with...把……和……混淆【拓展】confusionn.

混乱;迷惑confusedadj.困惑的;烦恼的beconfusedabout被……搞糊涂;对……迷惑不解confusingadj.

令人费解的;使人困惑的5.regretvt.遗憾;惋惜n.遗憾;懊悔【归纳】

regretto

dosth.

遗憾地去做某事regretdoingsth.

后悔做过某事regretnottohavedonesth.后悔没做过某事regretthat

从句遗憾……withgreat/deepregret

很遗憾toone'sregret

让某人感到遗憾的是【拓展】

regretfuladj.

懊悔的，遗憾的，惆怅的regrettableadj.

令人遗憾的，使人痛惜的，可悲的，不幸的。

6.focusn.

焦点;中心点v.集中;聚集【归纳】

focuson

集中(注意力、精力等)于focusone’sattention/mind/energyon集中注意力/心思/精力于thefocusofattention关注的焦点ofocus使……成为焦点infocus对准焦点;清晰outoffocus没有对准焦点;不清晰7.reducev.减少;减缩【归纳】

reducesth.to...

减少到……reducesth.by...

减少了……bereducedto

沦落为……;陷入某种状态;被降职到……【拓展】increase

v.增加8.commentvi.&vt.

表达意见；作出评论

n.评论；议论【归纳】commenton/aboutsth./sb.对某事/某人进行评论makecomments/nocommentonsth./sb.

对某事/某人进行评论/不进行评论课堂练兵单词拼写1.Hehasbeenlivingherefora________(十年)．2.Theyhopeto________(扩大)theircompany.3.___________(因此),wemusttreasurethetime.4.“We________(出口)themandthenweneedtoimportthem,”Jamessaid.decadeexpandThereforeexport5.Theconditionpreventsthebloodfrom___________(循环)freely.6.Theyhavetor_______expensesthisyear.7.I'mtootiredtof_____onanything.8.Canyoushowanythingtoproveyourn_________？circulatingreducefocusnationality9.Themanagermadenoc_________onmyadviceatthemeeting.10.Theteacherwrotedownthesentencesandu__________thekeywordsinadifferentcolor.commentunderlined1.thanksto

由于；多亏（有时用作反语）;因为【拓展】

表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：becauseof，owingto，onaccountof，dueto，asaresultof,resultfrom【温馨提示】以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名词或动名词而不可以跟从句。二、短语2.rid...of

摆脱;除去【拓展】

ridoneselfofdebts

还清债务ridsb.ofone'sdoubt

消除某人的疑虑ridoneselfofabadhabit

改掉……不良习惯getridof

摆脱;除去beridof

摆脱;去掉3.besatisfiedwith

对……表示满足或满意【拓展】

behappywith对......满意becontentwith对......满意besatisfiedtodosth.对做...…感到满意toone’ssatisfaction=tothesatisfactionofsb.使某人满意的是4.wouldrather

宁愿，宁可【拓展】

wouldrather...than...常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……”wouldrather＋从句，从句要用虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示。wouldratherhavedone

本想做……（而实际上未做）

5.buildup

建立，增多，逐渐增强，开发【归纳】buildsb./oneselfupbuildupone’sbody/strength/health增强某人的体质，使某人更加强壮。6.leadto

导致;造成(后果);通向【拓展】

leadsb.todosth.诱导某人做某事，使某人做某事leadsb.tosp.带领某人去某地leado带某人进入leadtheway引路,带路lead/live/havea...life过着……样的生活7.focuson

集中（注意力、精力等）于……；对(某事或做某事)予以注意；使聚焦于；使直射于【拓展】

focusone’sattentiononsth.=

center/concentrate/fixone’sattentiononsth.

集中注意力于……8.keep...freefrom/of

使……免受(影响/伤害);使……不含(有害物)【拓展】

befreefrom/of...

无……的;免于……的forfree

免费freeofcharge

免费课堂练兵用所学短语填空1.Theprecisioninstrumentmust_________________dust.2.Hiseyesslowlybeganto________whatlookedlikeasmalldarkball.3.Henry____________thathisgirlfriendworkedinthesamedepartmentashedoes.bekeptfreefrom

focuson

wouldrather

4.Everymorningmygrandfatherspends45minutesdoingphysicalexercisesto________hishealth.5.Thiskindofdiscussionwill________stillgreaterdifferencesbetweenthetwoparties.buildupleadto1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?(P9)如果这样的话,你做了些什么来种植这些植物？①ifso

意为“如果是这样的话”,是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式,表示肯定意义,如果表示否定意义,则用ifnot。(三)句式②if构成的其他省略形式：ifany

如果有的话ifpossible

如果可能的话ifnecessary

如果必要的话2.In1974,hebecame

thefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrow

ricethathasahighoutput.

thefirst/last/best/only/very/right...+n.+todosth.表示“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的……做某事的人/物”。不定式放在表示次序的词thefirst,thelast,thebest以及theonly,thevery,theright等词后面,且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系。e.g.Heisalwaysthefirst

tocomeandthelasttoleave.他总是第一个来并且最后一个离开。

Thelastmantoleavethesinkingshipwasthecaptain.最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。3.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwice

aslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。倍数表达法：

A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj.＋as＋BA＋be＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋BA＋be＋倍数＋（由某些形容词变化而来的）n.＋of＋Be.g.I’mnotgoingoutwithamanwho’stwice

as

old

asme.我不愿意和一个年纪比我大一倍的男人一起参加社交活动。Myhouseisthreetimesbiggerthanyours.

我的屋子比你的大三倍。Yourplaygroundis900metreswide,threetimesthesizeofours.你们操场有900米宽,是我们的三倍。1.Theworkingpeoplehaveneverstoppedtheirstruggle___unfairtreatment.A.againstB.forC.fromD.to

一、单项填空A巩固练习2.Theyfailedtopasstheexamlasttime.Iregretted____them.A.tobenotabletohelpB.notbeingabletohelpC.beingnotabletohelpD.notbeabletohelp3.Itwas____yourtimelyhelpthatweplishedthetaskontime.A.BecauseB.thankC.thankstoD.asBC4.I’drather____thebasketballmatchlastnight.Otherwise,Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperworkbynow.A.nothavewatchedB.notwatchC.hadn’twatchD.haven’twatch5.Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcourses____adegree.A.stickingtoB.leadingtoC.turningtoD.referringtoBB6.Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itis____itislong.A.halfnotaswideasB.widenotashalfasC.nothalfaswideasD.aswideasnothalfC1.这次会议的焦点是环境问题。

Thefocusofthemeetingisenvironmentalissues.

2.据说那里的吸烟人数已减少了30%。Thenumberofsmokersthereissaidtohavebeenreducedby30%.二、汉译英3.你在学校干得不错,我对你很满意。Youhavedonewellatschool.I’mverysatisfiedwithyou.4.众所周知,条条大道通罗马。Asweallknow，allroadsleadtoRome.5.他们努力使公司摆脱债务。Theyaimtokeepthecompanyfreefromdebts.三、完成句子1.Theywere_______________________(为和平而战).2.Asstudents,weshould____________________________(把心思集中到学习上)．3.I_____________________(后悔做了这件事),butIhadnochoice.focusourmindsonstudystrugglingforthepeaceregrethavingdonethis4.Asisknowntousall,successliesinhardworkwhilelaziness________________(导致失败)．5.Weshouldencouragethechildrento________________________.我们应该鼓励孩子们树立信心。6.Isanybodyfeelingcold?_______(如果没有的话),letusopenthewindows.builduptheirconfidenceleadstofailureIfnot1.用struggleagainst/struggleto/strugglefor的适当形式完成句子

Unluckily,thefarmershavesufferedaheavydroughtthisyear.Theyhaveto_____________aliving.Theyare_________________thebadweatherforabetterharvest.Anyway,theyare____________increasetheire.struggle