天津中考英语2020-2024年5年真题汇编-学生版-专题09 短文首字母填空

天津中考英语2020-2024年5年真题汇编-学生版——专题09短文首字母填空年份考题内容（2020-2024）命题趋势2024年主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。文章体裁多样，包括故事、说明文、记叙文等。重点考查对上下文的理解和词汇的运用能力。所填单词多为实词，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。要求考生具备一定的语法知识，能够正确判断句子的结构和成分。空格设置均匀分布在文章中，不会过于集中。文章内容通常与学生的日常生活、社会文化、科普知识等相关。对学生的逻辑推理能力有一定要求，需要根据上下文的逻辑关系推断出合适的单词。考查的词汇既包括常见词汇，也可能涉及一些稍具难度的词汇或短语。越来越注重语境的理解，单纯考查语法的情况减少。2023年主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。2022年主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。2021年文章讲了电动汽车的发展史。2020年文章介绍了谚语“回家真好”，人们喜欢家里的什么，以及在家能帮忙做什么家务事等等。（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters(遮蔽物)whichwerebuiltintrees.These‘homes’wereonlyusedastemporary(临时的)shelterstop____56____themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled‘cavepeople’.These‘cavepeople’usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote____57____forthem.Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplacetos____58____forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn’tfinda____59____toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw(生的)foodu____60____theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark(树皮)oftreesortheskins(皮)ofanimalstoc____61____theirbodies.However,thelivesofthe‘cavepeople’changed.Theycollectedtheseeds(种子)ofwildplantsthatg____62____intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandotherkindsoffarma____63____formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef___64___andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.Theirgroupsbecamel____65____thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.Theybuilthousesaslong-lastinghomes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The‘cavepeople’begantobecivilized(文明的).（2023·天津·中考真题）Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apersonmaysmilewhenheorsheisp____56____withsomeprogressinstudies.Orapersonmaysmileifafriendtellsafunnyjoke.Thereareothergoodr____57____tosmileoften.First,itise____58____tosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles(肌肉)tosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourf____59____arestandsmile!Second,smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytol____60____nicebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However,peopleoftensayasmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobea____61____someonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysunhappy.Third,smileshavepower(感染力).Bothsmilingandlaughingcaneasilyandquicklys____62____fromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend(往往会)tolaughwithhimorher.Ifapersoniss____63____,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileoralaugh.Itistheeasiestwaytocheersomeoneup.F____64____,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Eventhoughyouaresad,trysmiling.You’llfindthatitwillbedifficulttos____65____sadforverylong!（2022·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。InthesmallvillagesofKenya(肯尼亚),Africa,mostkidswanttoreadbooks.Butnoroadsgototheirhomes,onlymilesandmilesofsand.Carsandtrucksarenotuseful,s____1____librarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels.Camelscanhandle(应付)thesandandthebooks.Twocamels,acameldriver,andalibrarian(图书管理员)w____2____tothevillagestogether.Onecamelcarriesabout180kilosofbooks,andtheothercarriesatent.Ateachvillage,thelibrariansetsupthetentandshowstheb____3____tothekidsinside.Twoweekslater,thecamelsc____4____backwithnewbooks.SomepeopleinthemountainsofnorthernThailand(泰国)getbooksinad____5____way.Their“l____6____”arecarriedbyelephants.Theseanimalscanhandlethedifficultjourney.Becausetheyarelarge,theycancarrymanybooksinmetalcases(金属箱).Themetalprotectsthebooksfromtheheavyrainsthatf____7____inthearea.Indonesia(印度尼西亚)hasitsowndifficulties.Thecountryhasover17,000islands.Mostpeoplet____8____byboatandtheyalsocarrytheirbooksbyboat.Alibraryboatholds(容纳)about500booksinboxes.Boxesofbooksareleftinvillagesandaretraded(交换)fornewbooksafewweeksl____9____.Forpeoplewholivefarandcan’tgettoalibrary,alibrarythatcomestothembringsmorethanbooks.Itbringsawholew_____10_____ofinformation.（2021·天津·中考真题）Electriccarsmayseemlikearecentinvention,butthey’vebeenaroundforyears.Intheearly1900s,thereweremoreelectriccarsontheroadthantherewerepetrol(汽油)cars.Atthattime,petrolwase____11____comparedwithotherfuels(燃料).W____12____petrolpricesdroppedandnewtechnologiesweredeveloped,electriccarswentoutoffashion(过时).Instead,petrolcarsbecamemorep____13____becausetheycouldtravellongerdistances(距离)withoutstopping.Duringthe20thcentury,petrolcarsgotbigger,heavier,andfaster.Theyneededmorefuel,anditc____14____moreairpollution.Foryears,carmakersdidn’tworryaboutpollution.Theydidn’tworryabouttheamountofpetrolcarsused,e____15____.Butwhenpeoplebegantorealisethattherewasnotenoughoilontheearth,theyaskedcarmakerstoproducemoreefficient(高效能的)andlesspollutingcars.Onem____16____ofsolvingtheproblemwasa“hybrid”car(混合动力车),onethatranpartlyonpetrolandpartlyonelectricity.Hybridcarsbecamepopularinthe2000swhenpetrolpriceswentupandthepricesofhybridcarswentd____17____.Anall-electriccarusesnopetrol.Theproblem,however,isthatcarbatteries(电池)needtoberecharged(再充电).Thatmakeselectriccarsnotsousefulforlongj____18____.Manypeoplearenotp____19____withit.Thegovernmentandcarmakersarew_____20_____togethertodevelopsafe,cheap,andusefulelectriccars.Whenpeoplehavethesecarsinthefuture,apetrolstationmaybeathingofthepast.（2020·天津·中考真题）Haveyoueverheardthesaying,“Home,sweethome’?Thisisjustanotherwayofsayingthatit’sn1tobehome!Alotofthepeopleandthingsweloveareathome.Whatdoyoulikeaboutbeingathome?Whatdoyoulikebestaboutbeingathome?Maybeyouliketoplaywithyourbrothersandsisters.Maybeyoue2stayingwithyourmumanddad.Maybeyouhaveapetyouliketoplaywith.Spendingtimewithyourfamilyisonethingthatmakesbeingathomespecial.Yourbedroomisa3thingthatmakeshomespecial.Yourtoys,yourbooks,andyourfavouritethingsareinyourbedroom.Considerwhatyoulikebestaboutyourroom.Isithowitlooks?Isityourcomfortableb4thatyousleepon?Maybeyouliketohaveaq5placetoreadabookortothinkaboutyourday.Mealtimecanbeaspecialtimeathome.FamiliessitaroundthetabletoeatthefoodMumorDadhasprepared.It’satimetoshareinterestings6aboutyourday.Howdoyouhelpathome?Therearealotofthingstodotomakehomeaspecialplace.Whodoesthechores(家庭杂务)l7cleaning,cooking,andyardwork(庭院劳动)atyourhouse?Whenfamiliesworkt8todothechores,itmakesthemeasierandmorefunforeveryone.Maybeyoucanh9laythedinnertableorcleartheplaces.Maybeyoucanpullweeds(草)outoftheflowergarden.Maybeyoucanwaterthevegetablegardenorthehouseplants.Thinkaboutwhatyoucando,sothatw10youcomehomeeveryday,youcansay,“Home,sweethome!”（2024·天津和平·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Areyouan“I”personoran“E”person?Wehearthisquestionalotthesedays.Inf1,thesearetwopersonality(性格)typesbasedontheMBTItest.Generally,an“I”personisshyandquiet,whilean“E”personisoutgoing.SowhatistheMBTItest?It’sapersonalitytestthathelpsusunderstandourpersonalityb2andtellsushowwerelatetotheworldaroundus.Itwasd3inthe1940byKatharineCookBriggs.WhenyoutaketheMBTItest,youaregivenseveralsetsofquestions.Foreachquestion,youneedtoc4theanswerthatbestmatchesyourfeelings,attitudesandbehaviorThenyou’llknowwhatyourpersonalitytypeis.TheMBTItestispopularformanyr5.Let’stakeacloserlookatjustafew.Firstpeoplewanttounderstandthemselves.Humanpersonalityisverycomplex(复杂的),andthistestprovidesasimplewayforpeopletolearnaboutt6.Next,takingtheMBTItestisrelaxingandenjoyable,b7itsquestionsareinteresting.Then,peopletrytofindconnections.TheMBTItesto8awaytogobeyondsmalltalkandconnectwithotheronadeeperlevel.Finally,whiletherearemanykindsofpersonalitytestsonthemarket,theMBTItestisthemostwidelyused.TheMBTItestmayshows9wedon’tknowaboutourselvesandcanbeafunwaytohelpusmakenewfriends.Butknowingsomeone’sMBTIresultsdoesn’tm10wereallyknowthatperson.NordotheMBTIresultsdefine(定义)whoweare.（2024·天津河西·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。ChenXingrong,16,whosefavoriteactivityisjumpingontotheswing(秋千)inthelivingroom.Theswingwass11upbyhisfathertohelphimlearnhowtoswimwithoutwater.Hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withautism(自闭症)whenhewasababy.“Wedidnotunderstandwhysuchathingwouldhappentous,”ChenXunhusays,addingthathebegantravellingtobigc12suchasBeijingandGuangzhoutolearnmoreaboutautism.Heevenquit(停止)hisjobandpaidhisfulla13tothedisease.In2012,thefatherlearnedthatswimmingcouldhelppeoplewithautism,sohespentmonthslearninghowtoswimbywatchingvideosandreadingbooks.Atfirstthetrainingtohissondidn’tw14.Tohissurprise,afterthreemonths,hediscoveredthathissonhaddevelopedtheabilitytocontrolhisb15underwater.Itimprovedhisconfidence,andswimmingsoonbecameakeen(热衷的)activityofthefamily.Thankstothestricttrainingandtheloveandsupportofhisfamilyandcommunitymembers,ChenXingrongm16becomeanoutstandingswimmer.Lastyear,hewonfivem17,includingagold,a18theeighthNationalSpecialOlympicGames.Aswellasswimming,learningb19lifeskillsisalsoanimportantpartoflifeforateenagerwithautism.Withhisfather’sefforts,Chenhaslearnedtobuyfoodinthemarket.Healsoworksasav20atarestaurantandlikestotakecareofpatientsinaclinic(诊所)bycoveringthepatientswithquilts(被子).“Ihopehewillliveawonderfullifeinthefuture.”（2024·天津武清·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Astheweathergetswarmer,it’stheperfecttimetoplanadayatthebeach.There,youcanenjoya21likeswimming,surfing,andbuildingcastlesinthesand.However,it’simportanttokeepbeachsafetyinmind.Now,thereisanewAIwatermanagementsystemthatcanhelppreventdrownings(溺水).Sight-bitwasdevelopedbyacompanywhichcanbeusedtohelps22lives.Thisprogramwascreatedlater,a23itscreatorsawsomeonedrowningattheDeadSea.Hebelievedthiscouldhavebeenstoppedands24workingonthisprogram.TheSight-bitsystemworksbyusingcamerasatthebeachtoreadthewaterconditions.TheAIisabletow25thevideosandfinddangers.Forexample,itcantellwhenthewavesared26orifsomeoneisintroubleinthewater.Thesystemcanalsotellthedifferencesbetweenadults,childrenanddifferentkindsofboats.Theinformationhelpsbeachsafetyofficersknowwhereandwhensomeoneneedsh27.Thentheycanreceivewarningsondevices(设备)likesmartphonesandsmartwatches.Thisway,theycanactq28tostopaccidents.Now,thistechnologyisusedinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,includingp29beaches,privateclubs,andresorts(度假胜地).Thecreator’sgoalisforeverybeachtobeasafeplacewherefamiliescanenjoytheirtimew30worry.Thistechnologyshowshowscienceandcaringforotherscanmakeabigdifferenceinkeepingussafewhilewearehavingfun.It’sagreatexampleofwhatcanbeachievedwhenweusenewideastosolvereal-worldproblems.（2024·天津南开·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Thechrysanthemum(菊花)isaverypopularflowerinChina.Thebeautifulflowerhasmanym31inChineseculture.Thechrysanthemumisk32asoneofthe“FourGentlemeninPlants”.Theotherthreearetheplumblossom,theorchid,andbamboo.Inthepast,theystoodfornoble(高尚的)qualities.Thechrysanthemumcomesoutinbrightcolorsduringcolda33dayswhenmostflowersdie.Theyarebeautiful,strongandtough.Theflowerthusgreatlyinspired(启发)ancientChinesepoets.Theyspokehighlyofitsbeautyandalsousedthechrysanthemumtorepresent(代表)theiro34intheirworks.TaoYuanmingwasaf35poet.Heoncewroteapoemaboutlivingasahermit(隐士).Hedescribedhowhelovedthechrysanthemumandusedittoshowhiss36inthepoem.“Ipluckchrysanthemumsundertheeasternhedge,andgazeafartowardthesouthernmountains(采菊东篱下，悠然见南山),”Taowroteinhispoem.Sincethen,thechrysanthemumhasbecomethes37ofthehermit.ButthechrysanthemumisnotonlyfoundinChinesepoems.Itisalsoap38ofChinesefood.TheChongyangFestivalfallsontheninthdayoftheninthmonthofthelunaryear.Onthatday,drinkingwinemadefromchrysanthemumsisapopulartradition.ChrysanthemumteaisalsousuallyseenonChinesedinnertables.Ittastesgreat.Peoplebelieveitisgoodforone’shealth,e39foreyes.Inaword,thechrysanthemumha