江西省上饶市民校考试联盟2022-2023学年高二下学期阶段测试(四)英语试卷（含听力）

上饶市民校考试联盟20222023学年下学期阶段测试(四)高二英语试卷考试时间120分钟试卷满分150分注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.答题时请按要求用笔。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Goingstraight. B.Turningaround. C.Drivingunderthebridge.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:We’renevergoingtomakeittothetheaterontime.Wewon’tgetthroughthislightforanotherfiveminutes.W:It’stoolatetoturnaround.Wecanturnrightanddriveunderthebridgeinstead.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmightthemanbe?AAsinger. B.ATVactor. C.Amoviestar.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youlookveryfamiliar.IthinkIknowyou.YouareinaTVseriesoramovie,aren’tyou?M:Haha,IwishIwas.Ithinkyouprobablysawmesingingatthelocalfestival.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhattypeofrecordisAmyreferringto?A.Asportsrecord. B.Agamerecord. C.Aneducationalrecord.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IalmostbeatJulielasttime!I’vegottoworkharder!Ijusthavetosetanewrecord!M:It’sgoodtobepetitive,Amy.Butyoushouldprobablypaymoreattentioninclassthantothatgameonyourphone.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Teacherandparent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Fiona?Canyoudomeafavorandreschedulethe11o’clockmeetingfortomorrowatthesametime?W:I’msorry,Mr.Miller.Thattimeisbooked,remember?Youhaveameetingwiththeheadmasterofyourson’sschool.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanewspaperoffice. B.Atamovietheater. C.Atatelevisionstation.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Dave,Ineedsomeonetowriteastoryforthefrontpage.Ialsoneedsomeonetodoamoviereviewfortheentertainmentsectionbynoon.M:ButI’mjustasportswriter.W:Idon’tcarewhatyouwrite.Justgetitdoneontime!第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6Whatwillthewomanstudyatuniversity?A.Chemistry. B.Ecology. C.Biology.7.Whydidthemanchoosehismajor?A.Helikesfindingoutnewthings.B.Hewantstoteachaboutenvironment.C.Heenjoysbeinginaclassroom.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoudecidedwhatyouwillstudyatuniversity?W:Yes!Atfirst,Icouldn’tchoosebetweenbiologyandecology.Iwantedtoteachpeopleabouttheenvironment,eitherasabiologyprofessororasanacademicresearcher.ButIrealizedI’dratherbeinaclassroomteachingstudents.So,whataboutyou?M:IchosechemistrybecauseIdefinitelywanttobeachemist.I’vealwayslovedscience,andI’llenjoybeinginalaboratory.It’llbeaninterestingcareer.Ihopetodiscoversomenewthingsabouttheworld!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatcolorshoesdoesthemanwant?A.Theblackandredones.B.Theyellowandblackones.C.Theblueandwhiteones.9.Whenwillthemanprobablygettheshoes?A.ThisFriday. B.Today. C.NextMonday.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.DoyouhavethenewAirJordan’sin?W:Yes,wejustgottheminthismorning,butwehaven’thadtimetodisplaythem.M:Whatcolorsdotheyein?W:Weonlycarrytheblackandredonesandtheblueandwhiteones.Whatareyoulookingfor?M:Iwanttheoneshe’swearinginthatposter.Ourbasketballteam’snameisTheBees,soIwanttheyellowandblackonestomatchouruniform.TherewillbeapetitionnextMonday.It’sonlyfivedaysaway.W:That’sacoolnameforateam.Unfortunately,wecan’tgetthemuntilthisFriday.Andtheyaredefinitelygoingtobemoreexpensive.M:Idon’tcare,aslongasIgetthem.W:Well,I’llseewhatIcando.Youmightgetlucky.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Bored.11.Whatistheman’srole?A.Ateamleader. B.Apanyowner. C.Adepartmentmanager.12.Whatdothespeakersfinallyagreeon?A.petingforarole. B.Keepingtheteamtogether. C.Buildinganewteam.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtoholdameetingduringlunchtoday.It’llbeatnooninRoom33.Youdon’thavetoattend,butitwillbebetterifyoudo.AndyandCareywillalsobethere.W:What’sitabout,Sam?Whyareyoutalkinglikeit’sasecret?M:Don’ttellanyone,but…Iheardthatsomechangesareingtoourdepartment.W:Likewhat?M:Well,we’regettinganewmanager,foronething.W:Oh.Isthatwhyyouwanttomeetwithourteam?M:Yes.Ihavesomeideasabouthowwecanimpressthenewboss.Maybewecangetourselvesnoticed.Attheveryleast,I’dliketokeepthesameteam.I’vebeenyourprojectleaderforthreeyears,andwe’vedonesomegoodworkduringthattime.W:You’reright.I’llbeatthemeeting.Peoplearesopetitiveinthispany.Weneedtosticktogether.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Adoctor. B.Areporter. C.Astaffmemberofacollege.14.Whathappenedtothemanfouryearsago?A.HewasastudentatSinaiMedicalCollege.B.HeshowedinterestinworkingatSinaiMedicalCollege.C.HebecamethedirectoratColumbiaUniversity.15.Wherewillthemangiveaspeech?A.Inahospital. B.Inatelevisionstudio. C.Inalecturehall.16.Whattopicwilltheman’sspeechbeabout?A.EasternandWesternmedicine.B.Medicalcareers.C.Cancerresearch.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodafternoon,Dr.Oz!Thankyouforingallthewayhere.Iimagineyouhaveaverybusyschedule,betweenyourtelevisionshowandtheclassesyouteach.Pleasesitdown!M:Thankyouverymuch.W:Iwon’ttakemuchofyourtime,butIwantedtoaskyouafavor.M:Whatisit?W:WouldyoubewillingtogivealecturetosomeofourstudentshereatSinaiMedicalCollege?IrememberyouwereinterestedinteachingclassesherefouryearsagoM:Sure,I’dbegladto.W:Really?Great!I’llreservethebiggestlecturehallthatwehaveIt’smuchbiggerthanthisone.Doesthe5thofFebruaryworkforyou?M:Yes,that’sfine.W:Good.Iknowyou’rethedirectorofcancerresearchatColumbiaUniversity,butIwasthinkingaboutanothersubjectforthetalk.M:Well,whatdidyouhaveinmind?W:We’restartingtoofferclassesonunmonmedicalpractice.Iknowthisisalsoaninterestofyours.WouldyoubewillingtogivealectureondifferentapproachesofWesternandEasternmedicine?M:Thatsoundsgreat!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Howmanyapartmentbuildingswillhavebusinessesatthebottom?A.Seven. B.Five. C.Three.18.Whyisthebluelineclosed?A.It’sindangerfromtheingstorm.B.It’sgettingrepaired.C.It’sflooded.19.Whatisunusualabouttheresultofthevote?A.Thetopplayerwon.B.Threedifferentplayerswonfirstplace.C.Oneplayerwonthetopthree.20.Whenwillthetemperaturedrop?A.OnFriday. B.OnSunday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Goodafternoon,thisisAlicePicardwiththehourlynewsupdate.Cityofficialshaveapprovedtheconstructionoffifteennewapartmentbuildingsforthisyear.Fiveofthemwillbeforlowinefamilies.Threeofthemwillbehighclassapartments,andtherestwillbesmallerapartmentbuildingsthathavebusinessesatthebottom.Inothernews,thebluesubwaylineisclosedtoday.Toomuchwaterfromlastnight’sheavyrainsgotin,andrightnowthetracksareunderwater.PleasecheckthemapsatthestationsorontheInternetforotherroutes.Inthesportsworld,millionsofsoccerfanshavefinallypickedaclearwinnerforBestGoaloftheYear.Whatissurprisingabouttheouteisn’tthatMessiisthewinner—it’sthathewonthetopthree!Finally,wehavetheweatherreport.Itwillcontinuetobewarminthe70suntiltheweekend.FridayandSaturdaywillheatuptothe90s,followedbyamuchcoolerSundaywithahighof65.I’mAlicePicard,andthanksforlistening.Makesuretowatchagaininthiseveningat8:00forthefullnewsreport.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASwitzerland,asthefirstplaceinEuropetodevelopwintertourism,hasalongskiingtradition.Alongskiseason,terrificsnowconditions,andlarge,welldevelopedresortareasmakeSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiersfromaroundtheworld.WheretoSkiasaBeginnerSaasFee:YoucanfindplentyofEnglishspeakingskischoolsinSaasFeeandlotsofbunnyslopes(初学者滑雪道)onwhichtomasteryourturns.Thebeginnerskiareaisseparate,soyoucanpracticewithoutgettinginthewayofotherskiers.Grindelwald:Grindelwaldisagreatchoiceforfamilies,withplentyofskischoolsandseveralbunnyslopes,suchastheBodmipracticearea,whichisfitforchildren.Onceyou’rereadytoheadupthemountain,about30percentofGrindelwald’srunsareratedblue,meaningthey’reontheeasierside.SummerSkiingIncredibleasitmayseem,it’sactuallypossibletoskiinSwitzerlandduringthesummermonthsthankstothepresenceofseveralglacierswhereit’swinteryearround.ZermattishometotheTheodulglacier(冰川).With13miles(21kilometers)ofruns,it’sthelargestsummerskiareainEuropeandattractsprofessionalskierslookingtotrainyearround.TheglacierslopesherearebeautifullyscenicandofferskiersupcloseviewsoftheMatterhorn.BudgetTravelTipsAvoidpeakseason:Visitduringthestartorendoftheskiseason.Selfcater:Ifyourentasmallapartmentorhomewithkitchenfacilities,youcanpreparesomeofyourownmealstosavediningexpenses.Enjoythesnowwithoutskiingeveryday:Iceskating,tobogganing(乘坐平底雪橇),winterhiking,orjusthavingasnowballfightareallmoreaffordablewaystoenjoytheSwisswinterlandscape.21.WhatmakesSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiers?A.Beingthefirstwintertouristdestination. B.Havingthelongestskiingtradition.C.Thesupportofskiersfromtheworld. D.Superbnaturalconditionsandacmodations.22.WhichgroupwillbeinterestedinGrindelwald?A.Professionalathletes. B.Summerskiers.C.Familytourists. D.Budgettravelers.23.Wherewillskiersgoforsummerskiing?A.SaasFee. B.Bodmi. C.Zermatt. D.Matterhorn.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了瑞士作为滑雪胜地的优势、初学者和夏季滑雪推荐地。使读者了解瑞士滑雪旅行的相关知识，感受当地滑雪设施的人性化设计，感悟大自然对人类的馈赠。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Alongskiseason,terrificsnowconditions,andlarge,welldevelopedresortareasmakeSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiersfromaroundtheworld.(漫长的滑雪季节，极好的雪景，以及大片发达的度假区，使瑞士成为世界各地滑雪者的理想目的地)”可知，一流的自然气候条件和设施良好的度假区食宿条件使得瑞士成为滑雪爱好者的理想目的地。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Grindelwald部分“Grindelwaldisagreatchoiceforfamilies,withplentyofskischoolsandseveralbunnyslopes,suchastheBodmipracticearea,whichisfitforchildren.(Grindelwald是家庭滑雪的好选择，这里有很多滑雪学校和几个小斜坡，比如博德米练习弧，很适合孩子们)”可知，Grindelwald是全家出动滑雪的好选择，这里有很多滑雪学校和初学者滑雪道，以及适合儿童的Bodmi练习区。故选C项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据SummerSkiing部分“Incredibleasitmayseem,it’sactuallypossibletoskiinSwitzerlandduringthesummermonthsthankstothepresenceofseveralglacierswhereit’swinteryearround.ZermattishometotheTheodulglacier(冰川).With13miles(21kilometers)ofruns,it’sthelargestsummerskiareainEuropeandattractsprofessionalskierslookingtotrainyearround.(尽管这看起来不可思议，但由于瑞士有几座冰川，那里全年都是冬天，所以在夏季的几个月里实际上是可以滑雪的。Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地。它有13英里(21公里)的雪道，是欧洲最大的夏季滑雪场，吸引了想要全年训练的专业滑雪者)”可知，Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地，是欧洲最大的夏季滑雪场，是夏季滑雪的好去处。故选C项。BGrowingupinHavana,Cuba,MarioGarciawasawellknownchildactor.Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.MariohadbeensittingonabenchoutsideastudioinHavana,waitingwhilehisfatherandhisbandwereperforming.Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthismercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(试境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthemercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.Butarevolutioncameandinitswake,hiscareerwasbrokenoff.Mariowas15whenhehadtoflytoAmericaasarefugee(难民).HelandedinMiami,wherehewenttolivewithhisauntandunclewhilehisparentsstayedinCuba.TheyjoinedhiminMiamiaboutayearlater.Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.HecurrentlyteachesjournalismatColumbiaUniversity.Still,hesaid,“I’mnotgivingupongettingagoodpartinamovie.”Mario’slatestactingjobwasasanextrainthenewmusicaldramafilmIntheHeights.Hecontinuestoauditionfornewroles.24.WhatdoweknowaboutMario’searlyactingcareer?A.Ithadsomethingtodowithgoodluck. B.Itarosefromhispassionforacting.C.Itdidn’tarousehisinterestinartatall. D.Itwasdrivenbyhisurgetoachievefame.25.WhathappenedtoMarioonFebruary28,1962?A.Heinvolvedhimselfinarevolution. B.HefailedtojoinhisfamilyinMiami.C.Hegaveuphisactingcareerpletely. D.HehadtostartanewlifeinAmerica.26.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMario’sfirstyearinFlorida?A.Itwasfullofstoriesbutinteresting. B.Itwaspainfulbutendedinsuccess.C.ItwashardandchallengingforMario. D.ItwasablowtoMarioandhisfamily.27.WhatmessagedoesMario’sstorymainlyconvey?A.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong. B.Anoptimisticmancanstickitout.C.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung. D.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位明星马里奥·加西亚，偶然获得一次试镜机会开启演艺生涯的故事，在这个过程中他经历了很多艰难困苦，但乐观的马里奥没有被打败并获得了成功。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.(他第一次踏上片场大约是在10岁的时候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)”和第二段“Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthismercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(试境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthemercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.(突然，有人走近他说：“我们正在试拍这个广告。”于是他起身去试镜。即使没有任何表演经验，我也很快觉得这是一条很自然的职业道路。从广告开始，他又出演了电视剧和电影等等。)”可知，马里奥在毫无经验时，偶然获得了一个试镜机会，开启了他的职业生涯，由此可知，马里奥早期的演艺生涯是有点好运的。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.(马里奥清楚地记得他离开的那一天：1962年2月28日。他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。)”可知，马里奥在1962年2月28日这一天要开始独立在美国开始新生活，故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.(他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。他不得不从一个演员变成一个服务员。他总是走到餐馆后面的一条巷子里，坐在一个木箱子上，用围裙擦干眼泪。)”可知，在美国第一年的生活对马里奥来说非常困难且具有挑战性。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.(但马里奥的乐观从未将他打败。后来，他在迈阿密大学获得了西班牙语和文学博士学位。)”可知，乐观的马里奥在非常困难且具有挑战性的情况下可以坚持并取得成功，由此可知，马里奥的故事主要传达了一个道理：乐观的人能坚持到底。故选B。CForyearsdoctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.Bloodtransfusionsaren’tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There’reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon’tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干细胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.Thiscouldbeevenbetterthanaregularbloodtransfusion.Foronething,theycanbeadjustedforpeoplewithdifferentbloodtypes.That’llbeextremelyhelpfulforpeoplewithrarebloodtypes.Also,anormaltransfusionhasredbloodcellsofalldifferentages,whichmeansonlyasmallpartofthemarebrandnew.Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.Totestitssafety,researchershavegivenacoupleofteaspoonsofthebloodtotwohealthypeople,bothofwhomseemtobedoingjustfineafterthetransfusions.Inall,they’llbetestedon10people,andparedtonormaltransfusions.Thenewprocessdoesn’tindicatethatnormalbloodtransfusionswilldisappear.Meanwhile,growingredbloodcellsinalabisextremelyexpensive.Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.Butifit’ssuccessful,theprocesscouldmakelifemucheasierforpatientswhooftenneedtransfusions—eventhosewithrarebloodtypes.28.Whyarethescientistscarryingouttheresearch?A.Thebloodreserveisnotadequate.B.Normalbloodtransfusionsareoutofdate.C.Moreandmorepeopleneedbloodtransfusions.D.Theywanttofindanewtrailofbloodtransfusions.29.What’stheadvantagesofthebrandnewredbloodcellsgrowninthelab?A.Theysuitthepatientsofalldifferentages.B.Theyhaveredbloodcellsfromdifferentraces.C.Theyareeffectivetothepatientsforalongerterm.D.Itisextremelyeconomicalandmakeslifemucheasier.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Theresearchstillhasalongwaytogo.B.Normalbloodtransfusionswilldisappearsoon.C.Tenpeoplehavereceivedthelabgrownbrandnewblood.D.Thebrandnewbloodisn’tfitforthosewithrarebloodtypes.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thetestoflabgrownblood. B.parisonoftwobloodtransfusions.C.Anappealforrareblooddonation. D.Theexpenseofbloodtransfusions.【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一种新的给患者输血的方式，即给患者提供红细胞，这种输血方式一旦成功，将会使得经常输血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活变的轻松。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Bloodtransfusionsaren’tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There’reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon’tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干细胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(输血并不像从一个人身上取血给另一个人那么简单。有几种不同的血型并不能很好地混合在一起。如果有人输错了血，他们的身体就会排斥血细胞，造成问题。英国布里斯托尔大学的科学家们首次进行了一项新的试验:测试在实验室里培养的人类志愿者的红细胞。科学家们利用血液样本中的干细胞培育出数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，输血并不像想象的那么简单，且不同血型不能很好的混合，输错了血可能造成问题。由此推知，科学家进行实验的目的是找到一种新的输血方式——红细胞输血，以避免这些问题。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.(在实验室中生长的红细胞是全新的，这意味着它们的持续时间更长，患者需要的输血更少)”可知，在实验室中的红细胞的优势是它们是全新的，因此对患者有效的时间更长。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.(还有很多工作和测试需要完成)”可知，该研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Foryears,doctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.(多年来，医生一直为需要血液生存的患者提供血液。这些输血通常包括给患者提供红细胞)”以及第二段中的“Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干细胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(英国布里斯托大学的科学家有史以来第一次在人类志愿者身上测试实验室中生长的红细胞。科学家们使用来自血液样本的干细胞来培养数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家在实验室研发的一种红细胞输血方式。由此可知，Thetestoflabgrownblood.(实验室培育的血液测试)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。DHaveyoueverreadbacksomethingyou’vewrittenandfeltlikeit’snotquiteasstrongasyou’dlike?Onepossiblereasonisthatyouoverusecrutchwords(拐杖词).So,whatarecrutchwords?Crutchwordsarewordsaspeakerorawriteruseswithoutknowingit.Theyareusuallynotneededanddon’taddtothestory.Ifsomeoneisspeaking,you’llrecognizeacrutchwordasapause,orifthespeakeruses“um”or“ah”alot.Crutchwordsintheconversationalsoincludefavoritewordsandphrases,suchas“youknow”,“anyway”,“just”,“allright”and“like”.Theyonlygivethespeakertimetothinkbeforetheymoveontothenextidea.Forwriters,crutchwordsoperateinmuchthesameway,butinsteadofapause,they’refillerwordsweusebecausewehaven’tthoughtthesentencethroughenough.They’rewordsthatareeasy.Theyflownaturallyintothespacethatcouldeasilybeoccupiedbyaslightrewritingofasentenceoradifferentwordchoice.Nowthatyouknowwhatcrutchwordsare,thequestionishowyoucangetridofthem.It’snotalwayseasytonoticeyourownwritingquirks(怪癖),soitmighttakeabitofhardworktofindwhatyoursare.Thenexttimeyousitdowntoreadoveryourwriting,lookcarefullyforrepeatedwordsorphrases.Markthemsothey’reeasytofindlater.Lookatbothanoldandanewpieceofwritingandparethetwo.Aretherephrasesorwordsyouusealotthataremontoboth?Ifyes,thenyou’vefoundyourcrutchwords.Onceyou’veknownyourcrutchwords,they’reeasytocutoutlater.Butdon’tbeafraidifyoufindtheminyourfirstdraft.Eliminatingthosewordsisexactlywhatrevisionisfor.32.Whatmightanarticlewithtoomanycrutchwordsbelike?A.Formal. B.Weak. C.Quality. D.Easy.33.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Crutchwordsarenormallyunnecessary.BCrutchwordsareunavoidable.C.Crutchwordsgivewriterstimetothink.D.Crutchwordsgivewritersdifferentwordchoices.34.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutfindingcrutchwords?A.It’sstrange. B.It’sinteresting.C.It’squestionable. D.It’sabitdifficult.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eliminating”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Returning. B.Removing.C.Recording. D.Remembering.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是“拐杖词”，如何发现自己的“拐杖词”，以及如何克服它们。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Haveyoueverreadbacksomethingyou’vewrittenandfeltlikeit’snotquiteasstrongasyou’dlike?Onepossiblereasonisthatyouoverusecrutchwords(拐杖词).(你是否曾经读过自己写过的东西，却觉得它没有你想要的那么强烈？一个可能的原因是你过度使用了一些拐杖词)”可知，一篇有很多拐杖词的文章会让人感觉没有那么强烈，缺少说服力。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Crutchwordsarewordsaspeakerorawriteruseswithoutknowingit.Theyareusuallynotneededanddon’taddtothestory.(拐杖词是说话者或作家在不自知的情况下使用的词。它们通常是不需要的，也不会增加故事的内容)”可知，拐杖词通常是不必要的。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“It’snotalwayseasytonoticeyourownwritingquirks(怪癖),soitmighttakeabitofhardworktofindwhatyoursare.(注意到你自己的写作怪癖并不总是那么容易，所以可能需要一点努力才能发现你的写作怪癖是什么)”可知，注意到自己的写作怪癖——用拐杖词——并不容易。故选D。【35题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Onceyou’veknownyourcrutchwords,they’reeasytocutoutlater.Butdon’tbeafraidifyoufindtheminyourfirstdraft.Eliminatingthosewordsisexactlywhatrevisionisfor.(一旦你知道了自己的拐杖词，以后就很容易把它们删掉。但如果你在初稿中发现了它们，也不要害怕。eliminating这些词正是修订的目的)”可知，划线词同“cutoff”为同义词，我们发现了拐杖词就要删除它们，删除它们正是修订写作内容的目的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Harvestingfruitsisaverydemandingjob.Ifpickersarenotavailable,fruitswillrotonthetrees.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears,growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheirfruits.____36____AnIsraelipanyTevelhasdevelopedtheseflyingautonomousrobots.Therobotsflyoveratreeandpickfruitswithitsarms.TheyarefittedwithcamerasthatuseAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruit.____37____Inaddition,theycancollectmorefruitsthanapickerduringagiventime.____38____Theflyingrobotsareconnectedtoaplatformthatactsasthepowersourcesothattheyneverrunoutofpower.Theywillworkalldayandnightinanyweatherwithouttakingabreak.Dozensofthesesmartrobotscanbeusedacrossanorchard(果园)duringthetimewhenthefruitisreadytobeharvested.Thefarmersjustneedtotellthepanyhowmanyflyingrobotstheyneedandhowlongtheywilluse.____39____TherobotsarcnowpickingpearsinIsrael.Thepanyalsoplanstoaddmoretaskstotherobot’sfunction.____40____Inthefuture,fewerpeoplewillworkinpickingandmorepeoplewillworkinmanagingtherobots,analyzingthedataandmakingdecisions.A.Soonlytheripeonesarecollected.BNowanewtypeofrobotcanetotheirhelp.C.Findingfruitpickersisfarmers’biggestconcern.D.Theycanreceivetimelyinformationfromtherobots.E.Anotheradvantageoftherobotsisthattheyneverfeeltired.F.Thenthepanywilltransporttherobotstotheirorchards.G.Forexample,theycanbeusedtocutoffbranchesandwaterfruits.【答案】36.B37.A38.E39.F40.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍以色列的Tevel公司开发了可以帮助果农采摘水果的自动飞行机器人。【36题详解】根据上文“Harvestingfruitsisaverydemandingjob.Ifpickersarenotavailable,fruitswillrotonthetrees.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears,growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheirfruits.(收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法。)”和下文“AnIsraelipanyTevelhasdevelopedtheseflyingautonomousrobots.(以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。【37题详解】根据上文“Therobotsflyoveratreeandpickfruitswithitsarms.TheyarefittedwithcamerasthatuseAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruit.(机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。)”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。【38题详解】根据下文“Theflyingrobotsareconnectedtoaplatformthatactsasthepowersourcesothattheyneverrunoutofpower.Theywillworkalldayandnightinanyweatherwithouttakingabreak.(飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。【39题详解】根据上文“Dozensofthesesmartrobotscanbeusedacrossanorchard(果园)duringthetimewhenthefruitisreadytobeharvested.Thefarmersjustneedtotellthepanyhowmanyflyingrobotstheyneedandhowlongtheywilluse.(几十个这