初中现在完成时讲解以及练习题

现在完时讲解（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have+过分词构成，助动词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以为，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式Inot(haven’t)studiedYounot(haven’t)studiedHeasnot(hasn’t)studied….否定疑问式HaveInot’tstudied…?Havenot’tyou)studied…?Hashenot(Hasn’the)studied（2）用法：

疑式HaveIstudied…?Havestudied…?Hashestudied…?简单回（定/定）Yes,have.youhavenYes,Ihave.’t.Yes,hehas.hasn现在完成时通常表示在话之前经完成的动作或在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结或。daughtergone我儿刚出去。I’msure’vemetbefore.我定我们以前见过面。arrived.她到了。表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,lately,for…,since等。如：I’theardfromherthese这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaven’tseenrecently.最我们没有见到你。beenawayfortwo他离开已经两年了。withsinceMonday.★注意：a)sincefor的别后时间点，如，timeItherefor后一段时间，表长达多，如tenyears,awhile,two等用since和for填JimbeeninIrelandhasinIrelandthreedays.auntinAustraliadays.Maryinheroffice.ShehasbeenthereIndiabeenan______1974.buslate.beenwaiting______20inthosehouses.beenemptyMikehasbeenillbeeninOctober.

）示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,buy,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：HecomeforTheoldfor4×leftonly×以上三句话可以改为：Hefor2weeks.Theoldfor_____onlyfor5minuteshave(has)been和have(has)的别示曾过某要“have(has)been表示“已去某”用(has)gone。比较：Wherehashe他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Wherehashe他上哪儿去了？（人不在）beentoCanada.他到过加拿大在经不在加拿大）Canada.他到加拿大去了能在路上和已经到加拿大.）在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastin1976,twodaysnow,whenIcamein但可以和already,yet,sometimes,often,lately,recently,twice,ever,never等用。例如：alreadycome.她已经来了。I’treadit我还没读过这个。Ihavemethim我前曾见过他。Mabeena马一直是个好学生。Ihaveseenhimthe我常在街上看见他。TheyhavenevertoYan’an.他从未去过延安。Iseen我来没看到他。I.Fillthewiththeproperform.I____I________itweek.he(finish)hisworktoday?NotMyfather(come)istirednow.4.’sMing?__________totheteacheroffice.IsinceI______herein1999.farI_______________(make)aHow________Wangs______________(stay)?ForI________just(finish)my________(go)footevery10.____(find)yourbook11.Ifit(be)I'llgowith

12.____________teachercamein.13.Look!monkey(climb)tree.14.Mymother__________(come)seeme15.mypen.________itII.ChoosetheHowyouhere?comeB.gotC.arrivedbeenMy_________.ageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenI2.mywas6.JanehasShewillbackbeenB.gonewentbeenItyearsIafterB.C.forD.thatwillstationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveralmetB.metmetD.willadress!How_____it?will,did,buyC.havinghad7.--DoyouLydiawell?--Yes,I_____sincewewereyoung.havemadeB.C.beenhave_______infor8beenlive--Hello,thisisMr.GreenI--______BainiaoPark.beentogoneC.wentwill10.everUS?--Have,goneHave,beenC,gowere,III.theIhavebeentoMacau改为否定句)I_________beentoMacauHe’ttohewasill.(划线部分提问_______hecometoschool?Iboughbikejust用改Ianewbike.WebeganlearnEnglish改为同义句)

Wenever_______?（成反意疑问句）Theyhavesince(划线部分提)_______havebeenoldmanlast_______fora(die)（词填空）leftan(同句转)Misshas________anhourthequestionsIbeentherefor_______________________________________?Myhaslivedsince2000._________yourfatherlefthereyesterday.________he___________________?booktwo__________abook?“never,ever,yet,for,”tofilltheIhaveseensoIhavehim.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.Wanginyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,have________seen”5.thebusleft_______?“Yes,ithas_________left.现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？我刚丢了我的化学书。我前从来没去过那个农场。他经吃过午饭你经看过这部电影了吗？我哥还没回来。这字典我已买了三年了。他开中国三年了。我识他们五年了。10.他已去了美国五年了。11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12.我妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13.自1999年来他们就认识。14.我到这个学校已年了。二、用since和for空

yearsago3.___lastmonth19995._______yesterday6._______4o4hours8._____anhourwerechildren10._____lunchtime11.____lefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjingyearbeforelast.13.’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.teacherhasJapanesethree15.Shehasbeenthecityaboutyears.16.It’sboutyears__________sheleftcity.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。①/in/to/sp/come//tosp→in/atschool/homeonthefarm/behere/betheretoBeijingfiveago.HeBeijingforImovedtotheUSAin2008.IthesinceIhomeyesterday.Ihomeforherelast___________since_____________.②cometo/goback/return→be→outtwoyears______________forWereturntoBeijingyesterday.We____________toBeijingsince__________.③→beIateacherinI________________ateacherfor_________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_______dirtyfor_______________.④close→beclosedopen→openTheshopclosedago.shopfor_________________.Theopenedatsixindoor________for⑤→be；die→be；leave→/tot→beasleepfinish/end→over；→be；Iuphours_______________________.leftjust_____________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.Myin2002.Mygrandpa_______________.Thefinished____________________forsixhours.Itoagosince_________.in1990.________⑥/dosth.→sth.；→onIbegantoatinI____atschoolsince____.Thefilmtwoago.Thefilm________for____⑦→；lose→have；buy→；on→/a→acoldgettoknow→borroweditweek.since_____________.IatwoIfor_____________.

Itoknowhimlastyear.I___________himsinceIonglassesyearsI_________myglassesfor⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHegoneBeijing.HeBeijingtwo⑨jointhe/Party/the→leaguePartymember/asoldier→ofleague/theParty→inthe/Party/thejoinedleaguein2002.Heaforyears.Heatheforyears.Hetheforyears.Mythearmytwoyearsago._________afor______________________in___________fortwo四、划线提问Ibeentherefor_____________________________?Myhaslivedsince2000._________yourfatherlefthereyesterday.________he___________________?booktwo__________abook五、用been或have(has)填空。A:WhereLiB:HainanIsland.A:Howhethere?B:thereforA:Whenwillhedoknow?B:I’mafraidhewonrecently.A:tellwayHainanIsland?B:I_________A:How___________Li__________thatplace?B:thereonlyonce.六、用//in,have及go的种形式填空。WhereisJack?Hecountry.parkjustsincehecameback.

HowthisTheSmiths______for_____you____America?--Yes,IthereIthisschoolthreeyearsago.Whereis_____farm.When__________?_______anhourWouldyouto_____with---Yes,butI_____before.Where_____now?---Itothezoo.swimming._____you______therelastyear