2023届河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试英语试题

22/2323/23/开封市2023届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,考生作答时,将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡),?在本?试?题?卷?上?作?答?无?效?。注意事项:1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分,所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂(选择题)或用黑色签字笔写(非选择题)在答题卡上,做在试卷上一律不得分。2.答卷前,务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?A.Walkingupstairs.B.Takingalift.C.Climbingahill.2.Whattimeisitnow?A.Threethirty.B.Threeoclock.C.Fouroclock.3.Whatlanguageisspokeninthefilm?A.Japanese.B.Chinese.C.English.4.HowwillthemangettoBoston?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byair.5.Howlonghashebeeninthecompany?A.10years.B.4years.C.6years.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6~7题。6.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Goingoutforfood.B.Goingshopping.C.Goingforapicnic.7.Whatwillthemanmostprobablydothedaybeforetheygo?A.Preparethecar.B.Buysomefood.C.Writethereport.听第7段材料,回答第8~9题。8Whydidntthemanshowuplastnight?A.Hisbrotherwasgettingmarried.B.Hiscarwentwrong.C.Hiscarwasgettingrepaired.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisverypoor.B.Heisverykind.C.Heisalittlecrazy.听第8段材料,回答第10~12题。10.Whatsizedidthewomanwant?A.Asize28.B.Asize38.C.Asize48.11.Whatcolorsweaterdidthewomanbuyintheend?A.Agraysweater.B.Agreensweater.C.Ablacksweater.12.Whatdoyouthinkofthewoman?A.Shewasrude.B.Shewasclever.C.Shewasforgetful.听第9段材料,回答第13~16题。13.WhyistheBritishgovernmentplanningtotaxplasticbags?A.TogowiththerulesinIreland.B.Tomakethemnottooexpensive.C.Toreducetheamountofrubbish.14.Inwhichcountriescanyougotoprisonforusingplasticbags?A.BritainandSouthAfrica.B.BangladeshandIreland.C.SouthAfricaandIndia.15.WhyareplasticbagsalsostoppedinBangladesh?A.Theycostalottoproduce.B.Theycausedseriousflood.C.Theyweredangerousforanimals.16.Whatsthewomansattitudetowardsthetaxingofplasticbags?A.Sheisallforit.B.Sheisagainstit.C.Shecareslittleofit.听第10段材料,回答第17~20题。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Peopleshowinginterestinthetheater.B.Peopleworkinginthebuilding.C.Peoplevisitingtheuniversity.18.Whatisthevideoshowingtoday?A.Theteachersintheuniversity.B.Thehistoryofthetheater.C.Thebuildingsinthecity.19.Howsoonwillpeoplemeetagain?A.Inanhourandahalf.B.Inhalfanhour.C.Inanhour.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeakerstalk?A.Totellpeopletherulestheyshouldfollow.B.Togivepeoplesomebriefintroduction.C.Toshowpeoplethedirection.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAsoneofthemostpopularPodcasts(播客),we’reexcitedtoannouncethatapplicationsfortheCodeSwitchFellowshipsClassof2022arenowopen.Therearetwofellowshipsdesignedtoallowexperienced,workingjournaliststodevelopandreportanin-depthstoryaboutrace,identityandsocialjustice.Fellowshipsareopentoallmid-careerjournalistsandstorytellers.Whatwe’relookingforinafellowIdeally,you’reamid-careerjournalistandalreadyhaveastoryinmind,butcoulduseguidanceandresourcestoreport.Youwouldbenefitfromweeklycheck-inswithadedicatededitor,trainingonhowtoreport,scriptandproducesound-richnarratives,andworkingwithateamthathasexpertisecoveringraceandidentity.Youmighthaveatrackrecordcoveringstoriesaboutrace,workinginaudioorboth.You’reexcitedtospend6-7monthsworkingononestory,fromideationtoreporting,scriptingandproduction.WhatyoushouldexpectThesefellowshipsaredesignedtobeflexible,sothatfellowscancontinueworkingtheircurrentjobswhilecraftingtheirstoriesforCodeSwitch.Fellowswillreceiveastipend(津贴)of$12,000tocovertravelandreportingrelatedcosts,workedouttogetherwiththefellowscurrentemployer.Uptotwocandidateswillbeselected.HowtosubmitanapplicationApplicantsmustsubmitadetailedproposalforthestoryorprojecttheywishtopursueandtheresourcesandfinancialsupportthey’lllikelyneedtocompleteit.Applicantsshouldsubmittheirproposalandaresume(attachedasPDFs)tocodeswitch@,withthesubjectline“CodeSwitchMid-careerFellowshipApplication”.ThedeadlineforapplyingforthisreportingfellowshipisSeptember30,2022.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,clickheretoreachouttotheCodeSwitcheditors.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthefellowships?A.Fellowsneedtoquittheircurrentjobs.B.Fellowswillreceiveeditorialsupporttoreportastory.C.Fellowsneedtospendalongtimecoveringastoryontheirown.D.Fellowswillhavetopayfortheirtravellingandreportingexpenses.2.Whatisrequiredwhilesubmittinganapplication?A.TheresumeshouldbeintheformofJPG.BTheapplicationshouldbesubmittedbypost.C.Theapplicationshouldbesentwithasubjectline.D.ThesubmissionshouldntbeearlierthanSeptember30,2022.3.Whereisthistextmostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Awebsite. C.Aresearchreport. D.Anovel.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了2022年代码转换奖学金班的申请对面向所有处于职业生涯中期的记者和说书人现已开放。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Whatwe’relookingforinafellow这段话“Ideally,youreamid-careerjournalistandalreadyhaveastoryinmind,butcoulduseguidanceandresourcestoreport.Youwouldbenefitfromweeklycheck-inswithadedicatededitor,trainingonhowtoreport,scriptandproducesound-richnarratives,andworkingwithateamthathasexpertisecoveringraceandidentity.(理想情况下，你是一名职业生涯中期的记者，心中已经有了一个故事，但可以利用指导和资源进行报道。你将受益于每周与一位专门的编辑进行检查，接受如何报道、编写剧本和制作声音丰富的叙事的培训，并与一个在种族和身份方面具有专业知识的团队合作。)”可知，在创作过程中，fellows会有一个专门的编辑进行检查，还会给他们进行培训。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Howtosubmitanapplication这段话“Applicantsshouldsubmittheirproposalandaresume(attachedasPDFs)tocodeswitch@,withthesubjectline“CodeSwitchMid-careerFellowshipApplication”.(申请者应将求职计划书和个人简历(pdf格式的附件)发送至codeswitch@sina，标题为“代码转换职业中期奖学金申请”。)”可知，申请者在提交申请的时候要有一个固定标题。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段话“ThedeadlineforapplyingforthisreportingfellowshipisSeptember30,2022.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,clickheretoreachouttotheCodeSwitcheditors.(申请该报告奖学金的截止日期为2022年9月30日。如果您有任何问题，请点击这里联系代码切换编辑器。)”可知，如果有问题，需要点击联系代码切换编辑器，因此得知这篇文章是来自网上的。故选B项。BLiuYexihastakenDouyinbystorm.AsofNov.17,thevirtualidol,whoappearedonthesocialmediaplatformonOct.31,hadonlyreleasedtwoshortvideosbutattractedover5millionfollowers.Differentfromothervirtualidols,Liuisdefinedasa“virtualbeautyvlogger”.Inherfirstvideo,LiuisdoingmakeupwithaneyebrushwhiledressedinatraditionalChinesecostume.Whensheturnsaround,theonlookersareterrified,exceptoneboy.ThenLiuslightlybrushestheboyseyes,allowinghimtoseethefantasyworldinherowneyes.Theinternetuserswereimpressedbyitsstoryline,science-fictionelementsandspecialvisualeffectswithcyberpunkstyle.LiangZikang,theCEOoftheproductionteam,toldChinaNewsweekthattheteamspenttwomonthsmakingthevideo.LiusinstantpopularityonlinefurtherreflectsthatthevirtualidolindustryinChinahasbeenbooming.Thereareover32400virtualidolsthathaveopenedaccountsonvideo-sharingplatformBilibiliinthepastyear,seeingayear-on-yearriseof40percent,ChenRui,theCEOofBilibili,saidinaspeech.“Comparedwithrealidolsandstars,thevirtualonesseemtobemoreapproachableforfans,”ShineNewsnoted.Additionally,thesevirtualwebcelebritieswonthavescandals.Asmoreyoungpeoplearefascinatedbythesevirtualfigures,theircommercialvaluehasbeenontherise.Generally,theyearnmoneybyendorsements(代言),onlineconcerts,livestreamingandrelatedproducts.Forexample,LuoTianyi,awell-knownvirtualsinger,cooperatedwithlivestreamerLiJiaqitopromotegoodsin2020.Therefore,somepeoplearewonderingwhethertheywillreplacerealhumans.“Theseso-calledvirtualidolshaverealhumanteamstobackthemupandcontrolthem.Theyarenotreallyvirtual,”DingDaoshi,anindependentanalystintheinternetsector,toldtheGlobalTimes.Therealvirtualidolwillcomewhenartificialintelligenceachievesanewlevelofself-learningandself-trainingandtheninteractswithothers,headded.4.WhichofthefollowingcontributestothepopularityofLiuYexisvideo?A.Thevideoinvolvessci-fielements.B.Thevideofeaturesfunnyvisualeffects.C.Thevideoteachesusefulmakeupskills.D.ThevideotellsatraditionalChinesestory.5.Whichisanadvantagevirtualidolshaveoverrealidols?A.Theycanattractmorefollowers.B.Theyhavehighercommercialvalue.C.Theycanbeapproachedmoreeasily.D.Theyareequippedwithbettertalents.6.WhatdoweknowaboutthecurrentvirtualidolsaccordingtoDing?A.Theycaninteractwitheachother.B.Theywillreplacehumanidolssoon.C.Theyaredependentonhumanteams.D.Theycanlearnandtrainbythemselves.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.VirtualidolsaresweepingtheInternet.B.Peopleraiseconcernaboutvirtualidols.C.AItechnologyhasmadeanewbreakthrough.D.Socialmediaplatformsaregainingpopularity.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。虚拟偶像柳夜熙凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theinternetuserswereimpressedbyitsstoryline,science-fictionelementsandspecialvisualeffectswithcyberpunkstyle.(网友们对其故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果印象深刻。)”，第三段“LiusinstantpopularityonlinefurtherreflectsthatthevirtualidolindustryinChinahasbeenbooming.(柳在网上的迅速走红进一步反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展。)”可知，虚拟偶像柳夜熙的视频中的科幻元素，有助于视频的流行。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Comparedwithrealidolsandstars,thevirtualonesseemtobemoreapproachableforfans,’ShineNewsnoted.(‘与真实的偶像和明星相比，虚拟的偶像和明星对粉丝来说似乎更平易近人。’ShineNews指出。)”可知，虚拟偶像比真实的偶像更容易接近。故选C项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘Theseso-calledvirtualidolshaverealhumanteamstobackthemupandcontrolthem.Theyarenotreallyvirtual,’DingDaoshi,anindependentanalystintheinternetsector,toldtheGlobalTimes.(‘这些所谓的虚拟偶像有真实的人类团队来支持和控制他们。它们并不是真正的虚拟，’互联网领域的独立分析师丁道石告诉《环球时报》。)”可知，根据丁道石的话可知，目前的虚拟偶像其背后有真实的人类团体支持，因此他们的存在依赖于人类团体。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章以柳夜熙为例，他凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。VirtualidolsaresweepingtheInternet.适合当本章标题。故选A项。CAroundtheglobe,50UNESCOWorldHeritagesitesarehometoglaciersandabout18,600glaciersarefoundintheseWorldHeritagesites,whichrepresentaboutatenthoftheglacierizedareaonEarth.Thoseglaciersarelosingsome58billiontonsoficeeachyearandcontributetoalmost5%ofobservedsealevelriseglobally.AnewstudywarnsthatglaciersinathirdoftheseWorldHeritagesiteswilldisappearby2050duetocarbonemissionswarmingtheplanet.Theothertwo-thirdscanstillbesaved—butonlyifglobaltemperaturesdontexceed1.5degreesCelsiuscomparedwithpre-industrialtimes.ThelastremainingglaciersinAfricaarepredictedtomeltby2050,includingthoseatKilimanjaroNationalParkandMountKenya.ThefastestmeltingglaciersonthelistarethoseatThreeParallelRiversNationalParkinChinasYunnanprovince.Glacierstherehavealreadylostmorethan57%oftheirmassinthelast20years.IntheU.S.,theglaciersinYellowstoneandYosemiteNationalParkswilllikelyhavedisappearedby2050.TheglaciersfoundalongtheU.S.-CanadianborderattheWaterton-GlacierInternationalPeaceParkhavealreadylostmorethanaquarteroftheirvolumeinthelast20years.OtherendangeredglaciersincludethoseinItalysDolomites,FrancesPyrenees,ArgentinasLosAlercesNationalPark,PerusHuascaránNationalPark,andNewZealandsTeWahipounamu.Themeltingglaciershaveanimpactnotonlyontheenvironment,butonpeople,saidBrunoOberle,director-generaloftheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureinastatementreleasedThursday.“Whenglaciersmeltrapidly,millionsofpeoplefacewatershortageandtheincreasedriskofnaturaldisasterssuchasflooding,andmillionsmoremaybedisplacedbytheresultingriseinsealevels,”Oberlesaid.“ThisstudyhighlightstheurgentneedtocutgreenhousegasemissionsandinvestinNature-basedSolutions,whichcanhelpmitigateclimatechangeandallowpeopletobetteradapttoitsimpacts,”headded.AstheworldsclimateleadersgatherforCOP27,UNESCOiscallingforthecreationofaninternationalfundforglaciermonitoringandpreservationthatwouldsupportresearch,strengthentiesbetweenstakeholders(股东),andimplementdisasterriskandearlywarningmeasures.“Thisreportisacalltoaction,”UNESCOdirector-generalAudreyAzoulaysaidinastatement.“OnlyarapidreductioninourCO2emissionslevelscansaveglaciersandtheexceptionalbiodiversitythatdependsonthem.”8.Whatisthepurposeoflistingfiguresinparagraph1?A.Toindicatethelossofculturalheritages.B.TostressthevalueoftheWorldHeritagesites.C.ToprovetheimportanceofglacierstotheEarth.D.Toshowtheurgencyofsavingthemeltingglaciers.9.Inwhichofthefollowingplacesaretheglaciersmeltingthefastest?A.ThreeParallelRiversNationalPark. B.KilimanjaroNationalPark.C.YellowstoneNationalPark. D.Waterton-GlacierInternationalPeacePark.10.Whichisclosestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedword“mitigate”inparagraph3?A.Accelerate. B.Relieve. C.Maintain. D.Worsen.11.Theinternationalfundwillbeusedtodothefollowingthingsexcept_______.A.supportingresearchB.reducingCO2emissionsC.strengtheningtiesbetweenstakeholdersD.carryingoutdisasterandearlywarningmeasures【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了全球变暖将会让世界三分之一的冰川融化的情况，呼吁大家要采取措施来拯救冰川融化。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“AnewstudywarnsthatglaciersinathirdoftheseWorldHeritagesiteswilldisappearby2050duetocarbonemissionswarmingtheplanet.Theothertwo-thirdscanstillbesaved—butonlyifglobaltemperaturesdontexceed1.5degreesCelsiuscomparedwithpre-industrialtimes.(一项新的研究警告说，由于碳排放导致地球变暖，到2050年，三分之一的世界遗产的冰川将消失。剩下的三分之二仍然可以挽救——但前提是全球气温不超过1。比工业化时代前高出5摄氏度。)”可知，研究表明现在的冰川问题比较严重，需要采取措施来拯救冰川融化。第一段话列数字的作用就是突出拯救冰川任务亟不可待。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段话“ThefastestmeltingglaciersonthelistarethoseatThreeParallelRiversNationalParkinChinasYunnanprovince.(名单上融化最快的冰川是位于中国云南省三江并流国家公园的冰川。)”可知，冰川融化最快的地方是在云南。故选A项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段话“ThisstudyhighlightstheurgentneedtocutgreenhousegasemissionsandinvestinNature-basedSolutions,whichcanhelpmitigateclimatechangeandallowpeopletobetteradapttoitsimpacts,(这项研究强调了减少温室气体排放和投资于基于自然的解决方案的迫切需要，这可以______气候变化，并使人们更好地适应其影响。)”可知，此句是讲减少温室气体排放给气候以及人们带来的好处。空格处表达“减轻，缓解”，故选B项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段话“AstheworldsclimateleadersgatherforCOP27,UNESCOiscallingforthecreationofaninternationalfundforglaciermonitoringandpreservationthatwouldsupportresearch,strengthentiesbetweenstakeholders(股东),andimplementdisasterriskandearlywarningmeasures.(在世界气候领导人齐聚COP27之际，教科文组织呼吁建立一个国际冰川监测和保护基金，以支持研究，加强利益攸关方之间的联系，并实施灾害风险和预警措施。)”可知，接下来国际基金组织会支持研究，加强练习，实施预警措施等等。故选B项。DArecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”UsingpublicdatafromsourcesliketheBureauofLaborStatisticsandtheWorldHealthOrganization,theresearcherswereabletoanalyzedatasetsandsurveyresponsesfrompeoplewhohadsharedtheirdailyhabits,schedulesandinteractions.Theynoticedaclearrelationshipbetweenrelationaldiversityandoveralllevelsofsatisfaction.HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,thatsgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.Havingasupportsystemisimportant,butitgoesbeyondyourinnercircle.“Itsaboutthismix.Itsaboutconnectingwithpeoplewhoareclosetoyou,whoaremaybelessclosetoyou,whoconnectyouwithotherpeople,whoprovidedifferentkindsofsupport,”shesaid.“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio(社交档案),thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.”Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthecoffeeshop,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialtoyourwell-being.12.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheterm“relationaldiversity”?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Bygivingdefinitionsandexamples. D.Bydescribingtheprocess.13.Whoisthehappiestaccordingtothestudy?A.Apersonwhointeractsmostwithhisfamilymembers.B.Apersonwhocommunicatesfrequentlywithhisfriends.C.Apersonwhoseldomstrikesupconversationswithstrangers.D.Apersonwhohaseverconversationswithmanydifferentpeople.14Whichofthestatementsaboutthestudyistrue?A.Researcherscameupwithanewconcept.B.Itshowsthatasupportsystemisnotnecessary.C.Researcherscollecteddatabyconductingexperiments.D.ItwasledbyadoctoralstudentfromHarvardBusinessSchool.15.Whatisthewritersattitudetowardstheresultofthestudy?A.Neutral. B.Skeptical.C.Opposed. D.Approving.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究人员分析了美国劳工统计局和世界卫生组织等来源的公开数据，并调查了被调查者所分享的日常习惯、日程安排和互动，发现幸福和社会关系多样性之间存在联系，所以作者鼓励大家要多和陌生人交流。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.(该研究的合着者、哈佛商学院的博士生汉娜·柯林斯说，人际关系的多样性由两个因素组成：丰富性和均匀性)”，第四段“Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.(丰富度衡量的是关系类别，也就是你每天与多少种人打交道。可能是你的恋人、家庭成员、邻居或陌生人)”，第五段“Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,thatsgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.(均匀性与这些不同关系类别之间的对话的分布有关。有些人可能会发现自己在工作中与同事的交流比与家人的交流更多。“如果你和同事聊几句，和朋友聊几句，和恋人聊几句，或者和陌生人聊几句，这些类别的情况会更平均，”柯林斯解释说)”可推知，作者对“人际关系的多样性”作了定义，并举例说明其丰富性和均匀性。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.(丰富度衡量的是关系类别，也就是你每天与多少种人打交道。可能是你的恋人、家庭成员、邻居或陌生人。“他们一天中谈论的关系类别越多，而且谈话跨越这些类别的次数越多，他们就越快乐。我们在许多国家的大样本中发现了这一点，”柯林斯说)”可推知，研究表明，一个与许多不同的人交谈过的人是最幸福的。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Arecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”(一组研究人员最近的一项研究发现，幸福和一个研究人员创造的术语“关系多样性”之间存在联系)”可知，这个研究组在研究中，创造了新词relationaldiversity；第六段的第一句“Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.(最终，柯林斯说，这项研究让人们深刻认识到，人类本质上是社会生物)”以及最后一句“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio(社交档案),thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.(从本质上讲，这个观点是你的社交档案越多样化，你就越快乐，你的幸福感就越高)”可知，研究人员提出了一个新的概念：幸福和社会关系多样性之间存在联系。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthecoffeeshop,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialtoyourwell-being.(下次当你想在杂货店排队或在咖啡店等的时候和陌生人搭讪时，请记住这可能对你的幸福有益)”可知，作者认同这项研究结果，鼓励大家多和陌生人交谈，增加幸福感。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文的内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。OnFridayofmyfirstweek,IhadheadshotstakenataphotographystudioinNewYorkCity.NPRwasgoingtousethesephotosforitswebsiteandforpromotionalmaterials.Iwasworried.Ifeelcomfortableinfrontofamic,butnotsomuchinfrontofacamera.WhatshouldIdowithmyhands?____16____Iknewnothingabouthowtotakegoodphotos,butIdidknowsomeonewhodoes:myfriendLieselRobinson.____17____Andsheofferedseveralhelpfultips:Considercolor.Whenitcomestoclothing,wearcolorsthatlookbestonyouandcomplementthecoloroftheenvironment,shesays.____18____“Ifyoupicksomethingthatmakesyoufeelfabulous—somethingthatalwaysworks—itsprobablygoingtoworkforyourphototoo,”saysRobinson.Forher,itsherdenimjumpsuit.Don’tfakeasmile.____19____Beforemyshootbegan,RobinsonsuggestedIspendaminutevisualizingsomethingthatmakesmehappy.HerhusbandCaseysuggestedIbringachocolatechipcookietotheshootandtakeabigbiteofitbeforeIgetphotographed,becausemyfacelightsupwhenIeatchocolate.____20____Butafter20minutesorso,Istartedtorelaxalittlebit.Ilikehowtheheadshotsturnedout—butifIhadtodothisagain,I’dtrytoposewithaneutralexpression,ratherthanasmile,inmoreofthephotos.A.Wearsomethingthatmakesyoufeelconfident.B.Wearfancyclothesthatmakepeopleimpressed.C.Havingphotostakencanbeverydifficultsometimes.D.Despitetheguidance,Ifeltnervousatthephotoshoot.E.AmIgoingtomakethatweirdfacethatIhateinphotos?F.Asanactress,shehadalotofheadshotstakenfortheater,televisionandcommercials.G.Insteadoftryingtomovethemusclesinyourfacetomimicasmile,channeltheenergyyouwanttoexpress.【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.G20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在拍大头照时因为紧张，朋友罗宾逊向作者提出了许多帮助建议。【16题详解】根据空前“Iwasworried.Ifeelcomfortableinfrontofamic,butnotsomuchinfrontofacamera.WhatshouldIdowithmyhands?”（我很担心。我在麦克风前感觉很舒服，但在摄像机前就不那么舒服了。我的手该怎么办？）提到了我在准备拍照时我的内心的感受，我感到不舒服，我想到可能出现的情况，因此空处应承接前文，进一步描述我的其它的担忧的情况。选项E.“我会在照片里摆出我讨厌的怪脸吗？”同样是以问题出现，承接前文，符合题意，故选E。【17题详解】根据前文“Iknewnothingabouthowtotakegoodphotos,butIdidknowsomeonewhodoes:myfriendLieselRobinson.”（我不知道怎么拍出好照片，但我知道有人知道:我的朋友莉赛尔·罗宾逊。）讲述了我的朋友莉赛尔·罗宾逊她对于拍好照片有经验。因而空处应承接前文论述她的经验的来源。选项F.“作为一名演员，她在戏剧、电视和广告中拍了很多大头照。”表明她的经验来自于自己的演员经历，符合题意，故选F。【18题详解】空处为段落的标题，所以要概括下面段落的主旨。根据下文““Ifyoupicksomethingthatmakesyoufeelfabulous—somethingthatalwaysworks—itsprobablygoingtoworkforyourphototoo,”saysRobinson.Forher,itsherdenimjumpsuit.”（罗宾逊说:“如果你选择了一些让你感觉棒极了的东西——一些总是管用的东西——那么它很可能也适用于你的照片。”对她来说，这是她的牛仔连身裤。）可知，在罗宾逊看来，自己的牛仔连身裤会让自己感觉很棒，给自己自信。因而她的建议就是选择穿能给自己自信的衣服。选项A.“穿一些让你感到自信的衣服。”可以概括下文主旨，符合题意，故选A。【19题详解】本段标题“Don’tfakeasmile.”（不要假笑。）可知本段论述的主题为要有真正的笑。后文“Beforemyshootbegan,RobinsonsuggestedIspendaminutevisualizingsomethingthatmakesmehappy.”（在我开始拍摄之前，罗宾逊建议我花一分钟想象一些能让我开心的事情。）提到罗宾逊的建议是通过想自己开心的事情，然后做出自己真正的笑。因而空处的内容应是描述要通过积极构建让自己快乐的情景，进而让自己真正笑出来。选项G.“不要试图移动你脸上的肌肉来模仿微笑，而是引导你想要表达的能量。”切题，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Beforemyshootbegan,RobinsonsuggestedIspendaminutevisualizingsomethingthatmakesmehappy.HerhusbandCaseysuggestedIbringachocolatechipcookietotheshootandtakeabigbiteofitbeforeIgetphotographed,becausemyfacelightsupwhenIeatchocolate.”（在我开始拍摄之前，罗宾逊建议我花一分钟想象一些能让我开心的事情。她的丈夫凯西建议我带一块巧克力饼干去拍照，在我拍照之前让我咬一大口，因为当我吃巧克力的时候我的脸会发光。）提到了为了拍摄好的照片，罗宾逊和她的丈夫两人都给了我一些建议。下文“Butafter20minutesorso,Istartedtorelaxalittlebit.”（但大约20分钟后，我开始放松了一点。）可知空处的内容应承上启下，讲述尽管有他们的建议，可我还是不能放松。引出下文“大约20分钟后，我开始放松了一点。”选项D.“尽管有指导，我在拍照时还是感到紧张。”符合题意，故选D。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasakid,myfamilywasverypoor.SoIwastaughthowtosaveand____21____moneyanddeeplyunderstoodthevalueofit.Myfather,asarag-and-boneman,wouldtakemeonthebackseatofhisbicycle,showingmehowtofind____22____thatstoredgarbagetosell.Meanwhile,____23____poverty,Ilearnedtowaitforthetouriststoleaveto____24____andselltheemptybottlestheyhadleftinthegarbagebinto____25____mytuitionfeesnextterm.Allofthoseexperiencesatfirstmademefeel____26____,butgradually,Ifoundthateveryoneinmyvillagehasthe____27____ofcollectingwastesandturningthemintosomething____28____,whichhashelpedmeunderstandthatthereisno____29____intryingtomakeadecentliving.Butthesituationis_____30_____now.ThefinancialliteracyIacquiredasakid_____31_____measIcontinuemylifeasagraduatestudent.Theschoolsclass_____32_____financialknowledgedidhelpmeknowmoreaboutmoney,butstillIlackthe_____33_____ofsavingmoneyformyself.Therootcauseofit_____34_____thefactthatsavingmoneyalonecannotsolvemoneyproblems.Ioncewenttoa_____35_____tohaveawisdomtoothpulledandit_____36_____me500yuan,whichwasahuge_____37_____forme.Sincethen,Ifoundthatthebestfinancialliteracywastobetestedbylifeitself,sinceonecanneverknowhowtovaluemoney_____38_____theymakeitthemselvesandspenditontinythings.Idoagreethatfinancialliteracyshouldbe_____39_____atschool,butIwouldliketo_____40_____thatfinancialliteracyshouldalsobetaughtbylifeandexperienceofpoverty.21.A.direct B.manage C.borrow D.charge22.A.households B.customers C.passers-by D.merchant