2023届合肥市高三一模英语试题

08/807/8/合肥市2023年高三第一次教学质量检测英语试题(考试时间：120分钟满分：150分)注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Borrowingbooks. B.Returningbooks. C.Buyingbooks.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atahotel. B.Atabusstop. C.Attheairport.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed. B.Worried. C.Puzzled.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Fellowworkers. C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtosleepwell. B.Howtomaketea. C.Howtokeeprefreshed.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Torescheduletheappointment.B.Toaskaboutthetestresults.C.Toseekexpertconsultation.7.Whenisthemangoingtomeetthedoctor?A.OnTuesdaymorning. B.OnThursdayafternoon. C.OnFridaymorning.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whichofthefollowingwillthewomanorder?A.Fish. B.Steak. C.Potatoes.9.Whydoesthewomanavoiddesserts?A.Shehatessweetfood. B.Shedislikestheflavor. C.Shecaresaboutherfigure.10.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheservice?A.Heisdissatisfied. B.Heisconfident. C.Heiscurious.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatcolorsweaterdoesthemantake?A.Red. B.Blue. C.Black.12.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$90. B.$100. C.$160.13.Howwillthemanpay?AIncash. B.Bycreditcard. C.Withamobiledevice.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whoonceworkedinananimalshelter?A.Theman. B.Thewoman. C.Thewoman’suncle.15.Whatdidthemandorecently?A.Hewenttovisitafriend.B.Heattendedaninterview.C.Hecalledsomeanimalkeepers.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sjob?A.Veryexciting. B.Abitdifficult. C.Highlyrewarding.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takephotos. B.Makeacall. C.Writehisstory.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoweknowaboutGerry?A.Heislefthomeless. B.Heiskind-hearted. C.Helivesbycollectingwaste.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthehouse?A.Itiscostly. B.Itishuge. C.Itismoveable.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Importanceofrecyclingresources.B.Astoryofhelpingpeopleinneed.C.Waysofraisingmoneyforcharity.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARobotsareknownasthefutureoftechnology.Roboticstechnologyhasjustlandedintheworkplaceandthereisalotofworktodo.Belowwe’lldiscusssomeofthebestandmostadvancedrobotsevermadebyhumans.AsimoTheprimaryfocusoftherobotistohelppeople.Asimotravelsallaroundtheworld,makingpeopleawarehowrobotscanmakelifeeasierandhelphumans.Itcandance,runandevenkickasoccerball.TherobotcancommunicatewithpeopleinthreedifferentlanguagesincludingJapanese,ChineseandEnglish.Createdby:Honda(Japan)SophiaItisarealisticexampleofaperfectrobotbecauseithasabout50differentfacialexpressionsjustlikehumans.Sophiaisprimarilydesignedforeducation,researchandentertainment.Itravelsthroughouttheworldexplainingtopeopletheimportanceofrobotsinhumanlife.Cratedby:HansonRobotics(HongKongChina)AlasItsbodyshapeissodynamicthatitcanuseitsallbodysillstomovequicklyandbalanceitselfondiverseterrains(地形).TherobotisCapableofperformingmanydifferenttasksbutsomefavouritetasksarerunning,jumpingandturnovermovements.ItsadvancedAIsystemsmakeitcapableofsensingbarriersandnegotiatingthroughdiverseterrains.Cratedby:BostonDynamics(UnitedStates)SpotSpotisananimalrobot,orsayadogrobot,becauseitlooksverysimilartoadogSpotcansearcharoundyouroffice,home,playgroundetc.asanormaldogusuallydoes.Spothassomeoutstandingfunctionslikeitcanmapyourenvironment,sensebarriers,liftpackagesandmore.Cratedby:BostonDynamics(UnitedStates)21.WhichofthefollowingcharacterizesAsimo?A.Itshighspeed. B.Itsfacialexpressions.C.Itslanguageability. D.Iscommunicationskills.22.WhichrobotiscreatedbyChina?A.Asimo. B.Sophia. C.Alas. D.Spot.23.WhatdoAtlasandSpothaveincommon?ATheycanchangetheirbodyshapes. B.Theycancarrysmallpackages.C.Theycanhelpdosomehousework. D.Theycandetectbarriersaround.BAMalawianwoman,GloriaMajga-Kamoto,wasrecentlyawardedtheGoldmanEnvironmentalPrizeforAfrica—theworld’sleadingawardforgrassrootsenvironmentalactivists.GloriaMajiga-Kamotowasthenworkingforalocalenvironmentalorganizationwithaprogramthatgavegoatstoruralfarmers,whowouldusethegoatwastetoproducelow-cost,high-qualityorganicfertilizer(肥料).Theproblem?ThethinplasticbagscoveringtheMalawiancountryside.”Wehavethisverycommonstreetfood,chiwaya,whichissaltyandservedinlittleblueplastics,”Majiga-Kamotosays.“Goatseattheplasticforsaltytasteandtheydiebecauseitblockstheingestion(摄食)system.”Forher,thiswasthemomentwhenitallchanged.Allofasudden,shestartednoticinghowplasticswereeverywhereintheMalawianenvironmentandfoodsystem—affectingpeople’slivingandhealth.“Irememberbackinthedaywhenwe’dgottothemarketandbuythingslikefish,you’dgetitinnewspapers,”the30-year-oldsays.ButthinplasticstookoffinthelastdecadeorsoasnewproducerssprungupinMalawi,sellingproductslikethinplasticbagsatcheapprices.Infact,theMalawiangovernmentdecidedtobantheimportation,productionanddistributionofsingle-useplasticin2015.Butbeforethebancouldgointofulleffect,Malawi’splasticsproducingindustryappealedtothecounty’sHighCourtagainsttheban,causingittobesuspended.WhenMajiga-Kamoloandherfellowenvironmenalistsheardaboutthis,theywereannoyed.Sheorganizedmarchesandrejectedtheplasticindustry’sargumentthatthebanwouldhurtMalawi’seconomy—andevendebatedwithanindustryspokesmanonTV.Finallyin2019,Malawi’sHighCourtruledinfavoroftheban.Thefollowingyear,thegovernmentbeganclosingdownillegalplasticproducers.MichaelSutton,executivedirectoroftheGoldmanEnvironmentalFoundation,said,“Majiga-Kamoto’sfightwiththeplasticindustryisaperfectexampleofthespiritoftheprize.”24.WhatmadeMajiga-Kamotorealizetheproblem?A.Herexperiencewithplastic-eatinggats.B.Herdiscoveryofgoatwasteeverywhere.C.Herdoubtaboutthesafetyofstreetfood.D.Hercareforthefarmerslivinginpoverty.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutMalawi?A.Itusedtobeextremelyrichinfish.B.Itadvocatedusingthinplasticbags.C.Itfailedtobansingle-useplasticatfirst.D.Itreliedheavilyontheplasticindustry.26.WhatWasthepurposeofMajiga-Kamoto’sactsinParagraph4?A.Toputthebanintoeffect.B.Tosupportthegovernment.C.Tobacktheplasticindustryup.D.TopromoteMalawi’seconomy.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMajiga-Kamoto?A.Humble. B.Generous. C.Patient. D.Committed.CHoneybeesunderstandthat“nothing”canbesomething”thathasnumericalmeaning,showingthattheyhaveaprimitivegraspoftheconceptofzero,accordingtoanewly-publishedstudyinScience.Previousexperimentshaveshownthathoneybeehavesomefacilityfornumbers,becausetheywereabletocountlandmarks(地标)astheysearchedaroundforasweetreward.Butinthesetests,theinsetscouldn’tcountveryhigh—onlytoaboutfour.Still,thatmaderesearchersinAustraliaandFrancewanttoexplorewhatelsethebeescoulddowithnumbers....rlettHowardatRMITUniversityinMelbourneattractedbeestoawallwheretheywerepresentedwithtwosquarecards.Eachcardhadadifferentnumberofblacksymbols,suchasdotsortriangles.Howardtrainedonegroupofbeestounderstandthatsugarwaterwouldalwaysbelocatedunderthecardwiththeleastnumberofsymbols.“Theycouldcomeandseetwocirclesversus(与...相对)threecirclesorfourtrianglesversusonetriangle,”sheexplains.Thebeesquicklylearnedtoflytothecardwiththefewestsymbols.Butthentheygotanothertest.Theresearcherspresentedthebeeswithacardthathadasinglesymbolandablankcardthathadnothingonit.Thebeesseemedtounderstandthat“zero”waslessthanone,becausetheyflewtowardtheblankcardmoreoftenthanyou’dexpectiftheywerechoosingatrandom.“Whenweshowedthemzeroversussix,theydidthatatamuchhigherlevelthanzeroversusone,”Howardsays,“Sowhattellsusisthattheyconsiderzeroasanactualquantityalongthenumberline.AuroreAvargues-Weber,aresearcherwiththeUniversityofToulouse,pointsoutevenveryyoungchildrenhavetroubleunderstandingthatzeroisanumber.”It’seasyforthemtocount‘one,two,three,four,’butzero,it’snotsomethingtocount,”sheexplains.What’smore,thebrainsofbeesareincrediblytinybrainscomparedwiththebrainsofhumans.Evenso,thebeescanunderstandtheabstractconceptofanemptysetandshesaysshefoundthatverysurprising.28.Whatdidtheearlierstudiesfindaboutbees?A.Theycouldflyhigherthanexpected. B.Theycouldunderstandsomenumbers.C.Theycouldrememberarewardwell. D.Theycouldexplorelocallandmarks.29.WhatdidbeeslearntodoinHoward’sfirsttest?A.Distinguishcirclesfromtriangles. B.Drawvarioussymbolsonthecards.C.Identifythesmallerofthetwonumbers. D.Locatesugarwaterwithsymbolshapes.30.Whydidbeesflytotheblankcardmorefrequently?ATheyweretoldthelocationofthereward.B.Theychosetodoitthoroughlybychance.C.Theypreferredthecardwithnothingonit.D.Theythoughtofzeroasanactualnumber.31.Whyareyoungchildrenmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toarguethatbeeshaveasurprisingmemory.B.Toshowthatbees’giftfornumbersisamazing.C.Toexplainthatbeeslearnaswellasyoungchildren.D.Toconfirmthatbeesaresmarterthanyoungchildren.DTransportisundergoingamassivetransformationsoitcanmeetsociety’sdemandsforalow-carboneconomy.Introducingelectricvehicles(EV)anddeclininggasolineusearehelping,butzero-carbonhydrogencanspeedupboththetransition(转变)andlong-termdecarbonizationoftransport.IntheUS,transportationproducesthelargestshareofallgreenhousegasemissions(排放)intheeconomyat29%,accordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Morethan90%oftransportfuelispetrolbased,butifmorevehiclesusedhydrogen,emissionsofthiskindwouldplummet.However,hydrogenisnotconsideredanidealreplacementforgasolineasanenginefuelforcarsbecauseitishardertostoresafely.Andwhilefuelcellelectricvehicles(FCEVs)thatturnhydrogenintoelectricitycancompetewithEVperformance—andevenout-competethemonrangeandrefilltime,extraenergyisneededtoproducethehydrogenneededforfuel.Also,findinginvestmentforstorage,pipelinesandfuelstationsisstillachallengeformanynations.Currently,governmentsworldwidearebackinggreenhydrogenprojectstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsinheavyindustrieslikefreight(货运),steel,andenergystorage.Buthydrogentransportwillneedrapidproductionmethodstocreatethefuelneededfortheworld’sroadfeet.Thankfully,researchisadvancingallthelime.Nanoscale(纳米级的)thinfilmsareappliedtoimprovingthechemicalprocesstorapidlyharvesthydrogenfromtheseawater.Thesametechnologyhasbeensuccessfullyusedinsolarpowerdeviceswithhigherefficiency-to-costrates.Sincehydrogenisthemostabundantelementintheuniverseandasseawatermakesupabout96%ofallwateronEarth,thereisavirtuallylimitlesssupply.Evenwastewaterandsolidwastecancreategreenhydrogen.ResearchersatPrincetonUniversityareusingsunlighttoseparatehydrogenfromindustrialwastewater.Chemicalplantsthatcurrentlyfacehighcostsforcleaningwastewatercouldtransformitintocleanhydrogensupplies.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummet”meaninParagraph2?A.Stop. B.Decrease. C.Continue. D.Disappear.33.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waysofstoringhydrogensafely.B.Benefitsoffuelcellelectricvehicles.CChallengesofusinghydrogenascarfuel.D.Differencesbetweengasolineandhydrogen.34.Whatmakesitmoreefficienttogethydrogenfromtheocean?ATheapplicationofsolarpowerdevices.B.Themethodofidentifyingwaterelements.C.Theinventionofthewatertransportsystem.D.Theuseofthenanoscalethin-filmtechnology.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CleanEnergyHydrogenReadytoTakeOffB.TraditionalFuelBoundtoReachaDeadEndC.HowWeCanGenerateEnergyfromHydrogenD.WhattheFutureofTransportationMayBeLike第二节(共5小题；每小题25分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyourchildbeginstobegforapel,youmaydrawbackatthethoughtoftheadditionalResponsibilities.Parentsusuallythinkofalltheworkandresponsibilityhavingapetcouldbringabout.36?Teachresponsibility.Afamilypetcanhelpshowchildrentheimportanceofpropercareinkeepingtheirnewfriendhappyandhealthy,37Giveyourchildasenseofresponsibilitybyhavingthemhelpmeettheseneeds,whethertheyfeellikeitthatdayornot.?Encourageexercise.Ifyou’veeverbeenforcedtokeepupwithayoungdogorcat.youknowhowtiringitcanbe!38Byencouragingyourchildtoplaywithhisorherpet,bothofthemwillgettheexercisetheyneedtosleepsoundlyandlivehealthyandhappylives.?39Teachingyourchildhowto“playnice”withandshowaffectiontoanotherlivingbeingisanessentialfirststeptowarddevelopinglifelongempathy(共情)forothers.Learninghowtobeagoodfriendwithapetwillteachonehowtobemoreopenandfriendlytootherpeopleaswell.?Bepractical.Whilethebenefitsofpetownershipareclear,petsaredefinitelynotforeverybody.Raisingpetsrequiresalargeamountofworkandresponsibility.You’dbettermakesurethewholefamilyisawareoftherequirementsthatcomealongwiththepet.40It’sbesttointroducethepotentialpettoyourchildbeforebringinghimorherhometoensurethatthereisahealthyconnection.A.Treatotherswell.B.Formaclosebondwithafiend.C.Petsaregreatforhelping“breaktheice”,D.Butyoucanusethepet’senergytoyouradvantage.E.Also,somepetscanbeveryaggressivewithchildren.F.Allpetsneedtobefed,givenfreshwater,andexercisedregularly.G.However,allowingkidstokeepapetcanteachyoubothsomeimportantlessons.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’vehadastringofbadlucklately.Lastweekmywashingmachinebroke.Iplannedtofixitmyselfbutsoon__41__therepairswouldcostmorethananewonewould.Thenthisweekthe__42__thinghappenedtomydaughter’swashingmachine!Thistime__43__calledafriendtohelp.Onceagain,however,itwasbrokenbeyond__44__.Iendeduphavingto__45__two.Whileboththenewmachinesgotdeliveredquickly,Isill__46__aboutwhatIwasgoingthroughinmyheart.ThemomentIdid,my__47__travelledbacktowhenIwasachild.Isawmygrandma__48__anold-fashionedwashingmachinewithmyjeansandshirts.Itdidn’thaveaspindryer(甩干机)insidesoshehadtoputeachitemthroughapairofrollersto__49__thewater.Whenthewashingwasdone,she’doftenputthemachine__50__.Shehadgrownuphand-washingclothesandwas__51__forthemachinethatdidsomuchoftheworkforher.RememberingthishelpedmerealizethatIwaslookingatthingsinthe__52__way.IWasgetting__53__intheinconveniencesofmodernlifeinsteadofbeingthankfulforallIhave.Thegoodolddayshadtheirshareof__54__andjoys.Andsodothegoodnewdays.What__55__ishowwelivethemandwhatwecanlearnfromthem.41.Aregretted B.remembered C.denied D.appreciated42.Ausual B.same C.funny D.amazing43.A.even B.still C.ever D.already44.Arecognition B.control C.repair D.compare45.A.sell B.order C.return D.fix46.Alied B.cared C.complained D.argued47.Amemory B.dream C.doubt D.fear48.Acovering B.decorating C.loading D.equipping49.Apurify B.remove C.hold D.absorb50.Afirmly B.hurriedly C.wildly D.lovingly51.A.grateful. B.eager C.sorry D.responsible52.A.ideal B.proper C.wrong D.traditional53.Acarriedaway B.caughtup C.turneddown D.takenover54.A.purposes B.duties C.excuses D.struggles55.A.matters B.remains C.works D.happens第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Smartcitiesmayhavetheirownuniqueobjectivesbut56theyhaveincommonisanunderstandingthatInternetofThingstechnologiescanimproveefficiencyandqualityoflife.Indeed,smartcityappshaveshowntheycanhelpacitycontainthespreadofapandemic(大流行病),helpingtoturntheeconomyfromdecreaseto57(grow).WehaveseensomesmartcityappsinmanypartsofChina.ApopularpaymentappinChinahasdevelopedasmartsystemwhich58(call)theHealthCode.Itusesred,yellow,orgreensymbols59(identify)whetherapersonispotentiallyahigh-riskcandidate.Thesmartsystembeganasoneofthefunctionsofthepaymentapp,afunctionwhichwas60(original)intendedfortheapp’sstaffinChina,andlaterdevelopedasanationalstandardfunctioninsomepopularapps.Nowthesmartsystem,theHealthCode,hasanewfunctionwhich61(indicate)whetherapersoncanenterpublicplacesthroughanalyzingthedata62(collect)toseewhetherthatpersonhashadcontactwiththosewhohavepickedupapandemicdisease.TheHealthCodehasavoidedtheneedtoover-tightensocialdistancingmeasuresthatcouldresult63ahugeeconomiclosswhileatthesametimepickingoutpossibleinfection64(case),andit’smanagedtoreduceinfectionratesincities65ithasbeenused.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华。你校开设了乒乓球培训班；请给来自加拿大的交换生Jeff写封邮件邀请他一起参加，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.课程安排；3.报名方式。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJeff,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Sam,WayneandTimwerethreemenintheir60s,jamminginthesamedustyoldgaragewheretheyusedtoplaymusicwhentheywereinhighschool.Theychattedupafterages,rememberingtheschooldayswhentheywouldtaketothestageandplaytogetherasaband.Waynelooked