外研版高中英语book4module4

经典回眸(2011北京卷)请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。InyourspokenEnglishclass，yourteachershowsyouthefollowingpicture.Youareaskedtodescribethepictureandexplainhowyouunderstandit.美文诵读①Inthepicture，therestandsatreefullofthefruitononesideofthestream.Acrossthestream，②amanistryingtoreachoutontheedgeofthebankforthefruitwithanetattachedtoapole.Notfarawaythereisabridge③thatcanleadhimtothetreeformorefruit.美文诵读④Themessageconveyedinthepictureisclear.Inpursuingadream，wemightfocusononlyonewayofmakingitcometrue，⑤forgettingthattheremaybealternatives.Asindicatedinthepicture，ifthemaniswillingtolookforotherpossibilities,hecanfindabetterandmorerewardingwaytoachievehisgoal.Allhehastodoistoturnaround，crossthebridgeandwalktothetree.亮点点击①说明图画内容，therestands...有……②betryingtodo努力干……with的复合结构作状语③that引导定语从句④conveyedinthepicture为过去分词作后置定语⑤forgetting...为分词作状语，表主动Module4

GreatScientists类别基础梳理核心单词1.__________(n.)数量2.__________(n.)质量3._________(adj.)简短的；简洁的4._________(vi.)逃跑；逃避5.__________(adj.)直的quantityqualitybriefescapestraight核心单词6._________(vi.)(烟雾)消散7._________(vt.)教育→___________(n.)教育8.___________(adj.)原来的；最初的→_________(n.)起源9.__________(vi.)毕业→__________(n.)毕业生10.__________(vi.)爆炸→__________(n.)爆炸；爆炸声cleareducateeducationoriginalorigingraduategraduationexplodeexplosion高频短语1.bringup培养；养育2.thekeyto……的关键3.bringin带来；引进4.asaresultof由于……的结果5.carryout实施；履行6.beknownfor因……而出名/闻名7.earnone'sliving谋生8.cometopower掌权9.byaccident偶然地，意外地10.convertto转变成11.atwarwith与……作战12.welldone做得好13.inbrief简洁地14.beattachedto与……相连，附属于15.bediagnosedas/with被诊断患有……经典句型1.Hethoughtthat_____________tofeedingpeoplewas______________________and_____________________________________.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生产出来。2._____________________________YuanLongping'sdiscoveries，Chinesericeproduction_______________47.5percent_____________________．由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代增长了47.5%。thekeytohavemorericetoproduceitmorequicklyAsaresultofrosebyinthe1990's经典句型3.Itsyieldis________________________theyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他品种的水稻产量都要高得多。4.Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelped________therocket__________inastraightdirection.这些管子被捆在一根长棍子上，这根棍子有助于让火箭保持笔直的方向前进。muchgreaterthankeepmoving经典句型5.Orwashecarriedmilesintospace，____________________________________________？还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？becomingtheworld'sfirstastronaut轻松闯关Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Sheclosedhereyesagainstthe______(明亮的)light.答案：brilliant2.AsfarasIknow，allthesepeopleareinnocent______(牺牲者).答案：victims3.Therecenthot，humidweatherisaffectingair______(质量).答案：quality4.Let'skeepthisconversation________(简短的)；Ihaveaplanetocatch.答案：brief5.Welovereadingyourlettersandwetryto________(发表)asmanyaspossible.答案：publish6.Riceisthe________(主要的)dietinmanyAsiancountries.答案：staple7.Thedirectorsweretryingtogetridofher，butherstaffall________(支持)her.答案：supported8.Shewas________(起绰号)Sunnybecauseofherhappynature.答案：nicknamed9.TheIndianswerethe________(原来的)inhabitantsofNorthAmerica.答案：original10.Theyhavemadeamajor________(突破)incancerresearch.答案：breakthroughⅡ.完成句子1.现在正在下雨，但我想天气很快就会转晴的。It'srainingnow，butIthinkitwill____________soon.答案：clearup2.伽利略的思想超越了他所生活的时代。Galileo'sideaswere________________________theageinwhichhelived.答案：inadvanceof3.我的表哥毕业于北京大学，获得法学学士学位。Mycousin________________BeijingUniversitywithadegreeinlaw.答案：graduatedfrom4.这辆公共汽车一般很准时，但还是要早点动身，以防万一。Thebusisusuallyontime，butstartearly，________________________.答案：justincase5.他们从中国引进了许多新的法律、社会风俗和文学思想。They________________manylaws，socialcustomsandliteraryideasfromChina.答案：broughtin1．supportv．支持；支撑；资助；养活；证实n．[U]支持；拥护；供养supportsb.insth.在……方面支持某人supportone’sfamily养活家人supportone’sopinion支持某人的观点insupportofsb./sth.支援某人/某事①Themiddlepartofthebridgeissupportedbytwohugetowers.桥的中部由两个巨型桥塔支撑着。②Thesemeasuresarestronglysupportedbyenvironmentalgroups.这些措施得到环境保护组织的大力支持。③Onlyafewpeoplespokeinsupportoftheproposal.有几个人表示支持这一提议。④

Hehasalargefamilytosupport.他要养一大家人。Iwon’tsupportyouropinion.我不支持你的观点。

—Mum,Ihavefinishedmyhomework.—Oh.Ifyou_____nottodisturbme,youcanwatchTV.［2010银川模拟］A.offer B.supportC.guarantee D.want【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：——妈妈，我做完作业了。——哦，如果你保证不打扰我，你可以看电视。offer（主动）提供；support支持，扶持；guarantee保证；want想要。根据语意，C项符合。5．Theoldladycamein，________herselfwithawalkingstick.A．raising B．supportingC．lifting D．rising

【解析】考查动词辨析。raise举起，升高；support支撑，支持；lift举起；rise升起。句意为：老妇人用拐杖支撑着自己进来了。【答案】

B1.Themajorityofpeopleinthetownstrongly______theplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren.［2010浙江,4］A.considerB.supportC.confirmD.submit【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。consider考虑,认为;support支持,支撑;confirm证实;submit(使)服从,提交。句意：这个城市的大多数人强烈支持为孩子建操场的方案。4．—Mum，itisniceweather.I’dliketogoskatingthisafternoon.—Don’tyouthinktheiceonthelakeistoothinto______yourweight?A．stand B．catchC．support D．take【解析】

表示“负担、支撑”要用support，toothintosupportyourweight太薄承受不住你的重量。stand，take意为“容忍、忍受”，常与can’t或couldn’t连用。【答案】

C5．Mysisterwasagainsttheideawhilemybrotherwas________it.A．intermsof B．insupportofC．inneedof D．incaseof解析：句意为：我的姐姐反对这个主意而我的弟弟却支持它。insupportof表示“支持，赞同”；intermsof...意为“从……角度而言”；inneedof...意为“需求，需要……”；incaseof意为“假如，万一”。故B项正确。答案：B2．convertv．(使)转变，转换，转化；(使)改变(宗教或信仰)；归附n．改变信仰者①Mydaughterhasconvertedmetopopmusic.我女儿使我转而喜欢流行音乐。②Heconvertedthesofaintoabed.他将这个沙发改成了一张床。③Weconvertedthehousefromastoretoaclassroom.我们把这间房子从商店改为了教室。3．quantityn．量；数量；大量(1)alargequantityof大量的largequantitiesof大量的；许多的inquantity大量地(2)qualityn．质量①Heboughtalargequantityofbooks.他买了大量的书。②Aquantityofmoneyhasbeenspentinbringinguphischildren.＝Quantitiesofmoneyhavebeenspentinbringinguphischildren.他在抚养孩子方面花了许多钱。③It'scheapertobuygoodsinquantity.大量购物比较便宜。Yourworkhasimprovedinquantityandqualitythisterm.本学期你的作业在数量上和质量上都有提高。Largequantitiesofbooksweresenttothelibrary.大量的书被送到了图书馆。 (2009年福建卷)—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?—Becauselargequantitiesofwater________.A．havepolluted

B．isbeingpollutedC．hasbeenpolluted D．havebeenpolluted【解析】句意为：——这湖水怎么这么难闻？——因为大量的水已经被污染了。本题考查时态、语态及主谓一致问题。water与pollute为被动关系，故排除A项；B表“正被污染”，故排除；largequantitiesof后加名词，谓语动词应与quantities保持一致，故排除C项，答案为D项。【答案】

D3．Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth________eachyear.A．iswashingaway B．isbeingwashedawayC．arewashingaway D．arebeingwashedaway【解析】

句意为“森林正在被毁，大量的好土地正在被冲走”。故应用现在进行时的被动结构。句子的主语是“quantitiesof＋不可数名词”时，谓语动词应用复数形式。【答案】

D3．________foodarestoredinthetunnelinwinter.A．Largequantitiesof B．AgreatmanyC．Alargenumberof D．Quiteafew解析：largequantitiesof后面既可跟可数名词的复数又可跟不可数名词。答案：A活学活用Asaresultoftheearthquake,alarge____ofearth____blockedseveralriversthere.A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have解析

anumberof只修饰可数名词复数形式,而earth是不可数名词,故选B项。B4．escapen．&v.逃跑；逃脱；逃避;被忘掉①Thereisonwaytoescapedoingthetask.没有方法逃避做这项工作。②Youareluckytoescapepunishment/beingpunished.你逃脱了惩罚，真幸运。③Thehotelgueststriedtheirbesttoescapefromtheburningbuliding.宾馆的旅客们尽全力从燃烧的大楼中逃出来。④I’mafraidyournameescapesme.我恐怕记不起你的名字了。⑤Thepartywasboring—wecouldn’twaittomakeourescape.聚会很无聊，我们迫不及待地要溜走。Hehadanarrowescape.他九死一生/幸免于难。4．Whenthedisasterstruck，manypeoplehadnotimetoescape________．A．killing B．tobekilledC．tokill D．beingkilled解析：escape后应跟动名词形式，这里考查的是动名词的被动结构。答案：D

Inthegreatfire,hewasluckytoescape_____.A.tobekilling B.killingC.killed D.beingkilled【解析】选D。句意：在这次大火中，他幸运地逃过了一劫。escape作“逃脱”时，后跟doing；又由于kill与主语he之间为被动关系，故选D。1．—Hi，haven’tseenyouforages！Howareyou?—Er...，I’msorry，butyourname________me.A．forgets B．missesC．escapes D．escapesfrom【解析】

句意为“很抱歉，我忘了你的名字了”。sth.escapessb.(某事)逃过某人的注意、记忆等，此时escape用做及物动词。【答案】

C活学活用—Howdidyourfatherdealwithyou?—Wewereluckyto____beingpunished.A.admitB.escapeC.considerD.stop解析根据语境知是“幸运地逃过了惩罚”,故用escapedoingsth.。B4.Irememberseeingtheyoungmanbefore,buthisname______meforthemoment.[2011西安模拟]A.escapesB.remindsC.forgetsD.ignores【解析】选A。句意：我记得以前见过这个年轻人,但我暂时记不起他的名字了。escapesb.意为“被某人遗忘”,符合句意。5．clearvt.使清澈；晴朗；清晰；畅通①You'dbetterclearawaytherubbishnow.你最好现在把垃圾清理走。②We'dbetterstartclearingup.我们最好开始收拾吧。③ImadeitcleartohimthatIrejectedhisproposal.我清楚地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议。Theyclearedupthemisunderstandingandmadeup.他们消除误会和好了。活学活用Themysterywas____whenheadmittedhehadbeenthereallthetime.A.clearedoutB.clearedawayC.clearedupD.clearedoff解析

clearup消除(疑虑,误会等)；clearout除掉；整理;clearaway把……清除掉；clearoff迅速逃离。C3.Eventuallytheroads______andthetrafficbegantoflowagain.A.cleanedB.removedC.movedD.cleared【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。clean打扫;remove除去;move移动;clear(烟雾等)消散,澄清(误会),清除障碍等。句意：最后道路上的障碍清除了,交通又通畅了。6．Onhismother’sarrival，thecryingbaby’sface________.A．clearedup B．cleanedupC．warmedup D．smiled【解析】

“clearup”指人的表情时，为“喜笑颜开”。【答案】

A2．Ithasbeensnowingforseveraldays.Ihopeit________．A．tobeclearedup B．tocleanupC．willclearup D．willcleanup解析：hope后面不能跟不定式作宾补，排除A、B；clearup此处表示“(天)放晴”，符合题意。cleanup“清理掉”。答案：C1．AlthoughwehaveworkedtogetherforseveralyearsIcan'tfigurehim________．A．on

B．inC．out D．up解析：句意为：尽管我们在一起共事好几年了，我还是琢磨不透他。figureout“理解”；figureon“指望”；figurein“包括进”；figureup“总计”。答案：C1．bringin请来，带进；引进，赚钱，收割庄稼bringabout引起；导致bringback归还；使记起；使恢复bringdown使落下；降低；减少bringon导致，促成；使……发展/进步bringout阐释；出版(书籍等)；发挥bringup教育；养育；提出；呕吐①NewideashavebeenbroughtinsinceChinawasopenedtotheoutsideworld.中国自对外开放以来，引进了很多新的思想。②Hebringsinanextrahundreddollarsamonthfromhisnewjob.他的新工作使他每个月多赚100美元。③Ishallbringupthisquestionatthenextmeeting.这个问题我要在下次会议上提出。④I'llbringyourbooksbackonwednesday.我星期三把书给你带回来。⑤Thesmellsfromthekitchenbroughtbackthehappymemoriesofmychildhood.厨房的香味让我想起快乐的童年。活学活用(1)Hisideaofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether,whichseemeddifficultatfirst,has____manygoodchangesintheirlives.A.gotthroughB.resultedfromC.turnedintoD.broughtabout解析句意为:他的每周一次的家庭团聚的主意,一开始似乎困难,但现在已给他们的生活带来了巨大变化。getthrough通过,完成;resultfrom(作为原因)产生,发生;turninto变成;bringabout导致。D(2)Thepoliceman____athiefcaught____inthesupermarket.A.broughtup;stealingB.broughtin;stealingC.broughtout;stolenD.broughton;stolen解析

bringin带进来;catchsb.doingsth.抓住某人在做某事。B2．Areallygoodarticlewill________ahandsomeremuneration(稿费)．A．bringup B．bringinC．bringto D．bringinto答案：B3．ThankstotheReformandOpenpolicy，wehavebeen________muchmoderntechnology.A．broughtin B．broughtaboutC．bringingin D．bringingabout【解析】

句意是“多亏改革开放的政策，我们引进了很多先进技术”。句子中所用的时态是现在完成进行时(havebeendoing)，表示动作在过去发生，现在仍在进行，还可能继续下去。【答案】

C2.Herparentsdiedinacaraccidentwhenshewasababyandshewas______byherauntinCanada.A.turnedupB.brokenupC.cheeredupD.broughtup【解析】选D。turnup调大,出现;breakup结束,解散;cheerup振作起来;bringup培养,养育。2．cometopower掌权，上台，执政①WhendidtheLabourPartycometopower?工党是什么时候上台的？inpower当权takepower当权；执政beyondone'spower不能胜任havethepowertodosth.有做……的能力②KimJong­untookpowerinDecember，2011.金正恩是2011年12月上台的。③I'mafraiditisbeyondmypowertodowhatyou'reasking.我恐怕不能胜任你要求做的事。④Musichasthepowertorelaxus.音乐能使我们放松。Ⅱ.单项填空1．Theleft­wingpartyinthisEuropeancountry________in1958.A．cametopower B．cameinpowerC．tookapower D．wastakenpower答案：A1.TherulingSocialDemocraticPartyhasbeen______fortenyears.A.inpowerB.cometopowerC.undercontrolD.inorder【解析】选A。inpower掌权;cometopower掌权;undercontrol被控制住;inorder妥当的。句意：现在处于统治地位的社会民主党已经掌权十年了。inpower与cometopower都表示“掌权”,但后者不能与时间段相连,所以排除B。故选A。2．He________fortenyearsbutshestilldoesn’twanttoleaveoffice.A．hasbeeninpower B．hascometopowerC．tookoffice D．cameintopower【解析】

由时间状语fortenyears和doesn’twanttoleaveoffice可知应填表示状态的短语动词，故A项正确。【答案】

A3．asaresultof由于……，因为……巧学助记①Hewaslateforthemeetingasaresultofthedelayedflight.由于航班延误，他开会迟到了。②Hegotuplatethismorning.Asaresult，hewascriticizedbyhisteacher.他今天起晚了，结果挨了老师的批评。③Thereformhasresultedintremendouschangeinourcountry.改革使我们国家发生了巨大的变化。④Successresultsfromhardwork.成功来自努力。3．Davidwaslatethismorning________theheavysnow，and________，thebossscoldedhim.A．asaresult；asaresultofB．asaresultof；asaresultC．asaresultof；asaresultofD．asaresult；asaresult答案：BⅠ.选词填空bringup，makeabreakthrough，cometopower，earnone'sliving，asaresultof，escapefrom1．Mary________asasinger.2．Surgeonshave________great________inthekidneytransportation.3．________poormanagement，thereisoftentroubleinhisfactory.4．Peopleenjoymoviesthatprovidean________reality.5．Finally，anewkingbeganto________．6．Allthestudentsshouldbe________inaproperway.答案：1.earnedherliving

2.madea；breakthrough

3．Asaresultof

4.escapefrom

5.cometopower6．broughtup1．Orwashecarriedmilesintospace，becomingtheworld‘sfirstastronaut?还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？becomingtheworld'sfirstastronaut是现在分词短语，在此处作结果状语。现在分词短语作结果状语，放在主句后面。①Herparentsdied，leavingheralotofdebts.她的父母去世了，给她留下很多债务。②Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatcountry.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。Hebeatalltheotherplayers,winningthefirstaward.

他击败了所有其他的选手,获得了一等奖。Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.他搬起了石头,结果砸了自己的脚。

Thefirelastednearlyaweek,leavingnothingvaluable.大火持续了近一周,没剩下什么值钱的东西。1．Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，________arecordUS$57.65abarrel.A．havereached B．reachingC．toreach D．tobereaching解析：句意“油价从今年初开始至今已经上涨了32%，达到每桶57.65美元。”用v.­ing形式作结果状语。答案：B2.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，________inthenaturallightduringtheday.A．tolet B．lettingC．let D．havinglet解析：句意：在入口处，玻璃门已取代了木门，这样白天自然光便可照射进来。tolet动词不定式作目的状语时，其前不用逗号与句子隔开；作结果状语常以onlytodo形式出现表示出乎意料的结果。let为原形，不能用作状语。havinglet为分词的完成时态，表示动作在主句动词所表达的动作之前已完成不合题意。letting是现在分词作结果状语，故选B。答案：B2．Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeeptherocketmovinginastraightdirection．这些管子被捆在一根长棍子上，这根棍子有助于让火箭保持笔直的方向前进。该句式中keep为使役动词．该句式意为“使……继续处于某种状态”。(1)keep＋宾语(名词或代词)＋形容词。(2)keep＋宾语(名词或代词)＋副词。(3)keep＋宾语(名词或代词)＋名词。(4)keep＋宾语(名词或代词)＋现在分词，其中宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。(5)keep＋宾语(名词或代词)＋过去分词，其中宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的被动关系。(6)keep＋宾语(名词或代词)＋介词短语。①Don'tkeepallthewindowsopen.别把所有的窗子都开着。②Hekeptallthelightsonwhenhewentout.他出去时把所有的灯都开着。③Pleasekeepmeaplaceinthequeue.请在队里给我留个位置。④Hekeptmewaitingintherain.他让我在雨中等。⑤Hewillneverkeepajobhalfdone.他从来都不会让工作半途而废。1.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleagues______withherstories.［2010上海,33］A.amusedB.amusingC.toamuseD.tobeamused【解析】选A。此处考查keepsb./sth.+adj.

的用法。句意：露西有很强的幽默感,总是用她的故事使她的同事们很高兴。3．Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic______smoothly.A．beingrun B．runC．torun D．running解析：根据“keep...doing”结构得出答案。句意“他们使用计算机来使交通通畅。”答案：D4．TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish________asmuchaswecan.A．speak B．speakingC．spoken D．tospeak解析：句意：为了把英语学好，我们应当尽可能抓住一切机会去听别人讲英语。本题关键要意识到English和speak之间是被动关系，故选C。答案：C

2.Thekey______ourstrengthliesintheunityofourmembers.A.ofB.toC.withD.in【解析】选B。考查介词。thekeyto表示“……的关键”,其中to是介词。句意：我们强大的关键是我们的团结。

—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.A.tosolving;making B.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;making D.tosolve;made【解析】选B。key后面的to为介词，后面接动名词；madebythecustomers作后置定语，修饰demand。 ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他品种的水稻产量都要高得多。much修饰比较级，意为“……得多”。常见的修饰比较级的词还有：alittle，abit，alot，rather，byfar，far，even，still，any,no等。①ShespeaksEnglishfarbetterthanherclassmates.她讲英语比她的同学好得多。②Afterthefirstfailure，hestudiesevenhardernow.第一次失败后，他学习更加努力了。③Ididratherworsethistime.这次我做得相当糟。Sheisfeelingalotbettertoday.今天她感觉好多了。Thepatientlookedstillworsetodaythanyesterday.病人看上去比昨天状态更差。ShespeaksEnglishfarbetterthanherclassmates.她比她的同学们英语说得好。2．(2010届福建部分重点中学联考)Thesituationoftheglobalfinancecrisiswas________worsethanexpected.A．rather B．fairlyC．very D．any【解析】

考查副词。本题中所使用的副词必须能够修饰形容词的比较级，rather与any符合条件，但是any用于否定句或疑问句中，因此选rather。【答案】

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