2023学年完整版Unit5Thepowerofnature备课资料(2)2

Unit5Thepowerofnature备课资料1．eruptvi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生Itshowsavolcanoerupting.(教材P33)它表示的是火山喷发时的情形。Hotashesandmoltenlavaeruptedfromthevolcano.热火山灰和熔岩从火山中喷发出来。Violenceeruptedinthecityafterthefootballmatch.足球赛后城里爆发了暴力事件。归纳拓展eruptintodoingsth.突然……起来eruptionn．爆发Myfatherjusteruptedintofury.我父亲勃然大怒。Myhousesweredestroyedinthemajorvolcaniceruption.在这次火山大爆发中许多房子被毁。易混辨析erupt/explode/bursterupt喷出，爆发。强调突然发生，也可用作比喻。explode爆炸，爆发。指混合物被点燃后短时间内释放大量的热量，同时发出巨响。用作比喻时表示一种感情的突然释放。burst强调在强大的压力作用下突然爆裂。也可用作比喻，指人的感情的宣泄。用erupt/explode/burst的适当形式填空①Thevolcano______________in2012.②Thepipeshad______________andthehousewasundertwofeetofwater.③Therewasahugebangasifsomeone____________arocketoutside.④Violence______________afterthestrike.【答案】①erupted②burst③hadexploded④erupted2．comparevt.比较；相比Haveyoueverconsideredhowweakhumansarecomparedwithavolcano，hurricaneorearthquake？(教材P33)你是否想过与火山、飓风或地震相比，人类是何等脆弱？Thereportcomparesthetwodifferenttypesofcomputers.这份报告比较了两种不同类型的电脑。Ifyoucomparetheirworkyou'llfindhersismuchbetter.要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。归纳拓展compareAwithB把A和B进行比较compareAtoB把A比作B(显示某人或某事物与其他人或其他事物有相似之处)comparedwith/to与……相比，常在句中作状语。comparenotes对笔记，交换意见beyondcompare/comparison举世无双，无与伦比Sheislovelybeyondcompare.她真是可爱得无与伦比。HecomparedBeijingtotheheartofChina.他把北京比作中国的心脏。Hispoemcomparespoorlywithyours.他的诗做得不如你的好。3．equipmentn．[U]设备；装备Sometimesworkingoutdoors，sometimesinanoffice，sometimesusingscientificequipmentandsometimesmeetinglocalpeopleandtourists，Iamneverbored.(教材P34)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和游客。但是我从来没感到厌烦过。Theypackedthefoodandcampingequipmentinthetrailer.他们把食物和野营用具都装上了拖车。We'llgraduallyupgradeweaponsandotherequipment.我们将逐步改进武器和其他装备。【提示】equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能直接加不定冠词。归纳拓展apieceofequipment一件设备equipv．装置；配备equipsth.用……装备某人equipsth.为……装备/准备beequippedtodosth.配备……做某事bewellequipped装备精良We'llequipourofficewithwordprocessors.我们将在办公室配备文字处理机。Thelibraryisrichlyequippedwithbooks.该图书馆藏书颇丰。完成句子①你受的教育将使你很好地谋生。Youreducationwill__________you__________．②房间里都装了摄像机。Therooms________________videocameras.③计算机是你将要买的最重要的一件设备。Acomputeris______________youwillbuy.【答案】①equip；toearnagoodliving②areequippedwith③themostimportantpieceofequipment4．appointvt.任命；委派；约定；安排IwasappointedasavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory(HVO)twentyyearsago.(教材P34)二十年前我被任命为火山学家，为夏威夷火山观测站工作。Theoldestgeneralwasappointed(tobe)marshalofthearmies.那位老将军被任命为部队元帅。Theyappointedaplacetoexchangeexperience.他们指定一个地方交流经验。归纳拓展appointbe/as...任命某人(某职)appointdosth.委派某人做某事appointtime/placefor...安排；确定时间/地点……appointedadj.约定的；指定的appointmentn．任命；约会；约定have/makeanappointmentwithsb.约见某人；与某人约会Hewasappointedasthepresident'ssecretary.他被任命为董事长秘书。Wemustappointsomebodytofinishthetoughtask.我们得指定一个人去完成这项艰难的任务。Ihopetogetateachingappointmentatthenewschool.我希望被委派到那所新学校教书。用appoint的适当形式填空①Thetime________forthemeetingis2p．m.②Hecan'tkeepthe________becauseheisill.完成句子③史密斯先生被任命为我们学校的校长。________________headmasterofourschool.④一位律师被指定为这个孩子的代理律师。Alawyer________________thechild.【答案】①appointed②appointment③wasappointedas/tobe④wasappointedtorepresent5．evaluatevt.评估；评价；估计Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation，Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.(教材P34)收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流失，流速是多少。Ican'tevaluatehisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评价他的能力。Theschoolhasonlybeenopenforsixmonths，soit'shardtoevaluateitsachievement.该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。易混辨析evaluate/estimate/valueevaluate很少用来表示“估价”或“估计”某物的市场价值，大多是用来表示“评价”estimate表示的“估计”、“估算”只是猜测，甚至只是一种想法value估计某物的“价值；价格”Thetreeisestimatedtobeatleast700yearsold.这棵树估计至少有700年了。Itcanbedifficulttoevaluatetheeffectivenessofdifferenttreatments.要对各种治疗方法的效果作出评估会很难。Paintingsvaluedatover$200，000werestolenfromherhome.几幅估价为二十多万美元的画从她家里被盗走了。选词填空：evaluate，estimate，value①We________thatitwouldcostabout5，000dollars.②Thecarhasbeen________atover20，000dollars.③Weneedto________howwellthepolicyisworking.【答案】①estimated②valued③evaluate6．burntotheground全部焚毁Unfortunately，wecannotmovetheirhomesoutoftheway，andmanyhouseshavebeencoveredwithlavaorburnedtotheground.(教材P34)遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。Thebuildingwasburnttothegroundduetothefireworks.放烟火使得大楼全部焚毁。归纳拓展burndown把……烧成平地；烧光；火力减弱burnoff烧掉某物burnout烧光；烧毁；熄灭burnaway逐渐烧完；烧光burnup烧起来；烧尽；烧毁；消耗热能burn...todeath烧死……burnoneselfout精疲力竭Thepileofpaperhadburntawaytonothingwhenwearrived.当我们到达的时候这堆纸已烧成了灰烬。Thebuilding(was)burntdownandonlyasheswereleft.那座楼烧得只剩下灰烬。Thehousewasburntoutalthoughithadresultedfromthatlittlefire.尽管起因于那堆小火，那房屋却被烧空了。完成句子①他往火上加木材想让它烧得更旺。Heputmorewoodonthefiretomakeit____________．②他们的房子被焚为平地，无处可住。Withtheirhouses______________，theyhadnoplacetolivein.③他要是继续这样拼命工作，就会把自己累垮。Ifhedoesn'tstopworkingsohard，he'll________himself________．【答案】①burnup②burnttotheground③burn；out7．waven．波涛；波浪vi.波动；起伏；挥手Thelavathatflowsslowlylikeawavedownthemountaincausesfarmoredamagebecauseitburieseverythinginitspathunderthemoltenrock.(教材P34)而顺着山坡下流的像浪头一样的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被埋在熔岩下面了。Shewavedtothecheeringcrowdinacknowledgement.她向欢呼的群众挥手致意。Thewavescrashedagainsttherocks.海浪冲击着岩石。归纳拓展inwaves一阵阵地；波状地wavelength波长wave不理会wavetosb.朝某人挥手wavesb.朝某人挥动某物wavewavegoodbyetosb.向某人挥手告别Guiltandhorrorfloodedherinwaves.歉疚和恐惧一阵阵涌上她的心头。MymotherwascryingasIwavedhergoodbye.我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。完成句子①Myopinionontheproblems________________(不予理会)．②Whydidyou________(向……招手)him?③Ishowedmypasstothesecurityguardandhe____________(挥手让我通过)metogo.【答案】①waswavedaside②waveat③wavedmetopassby8．Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.(教材P34)我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。该句是并列句，核心句式是：...beaboutto...when...，其中when是并列连词，常用于引导一个突然出现的动作，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于andatthis/thattime。IwasabouttogooutwhenTomcamein.我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.我正要出去，电话铃响了。归纳拓展并列连词when常用于以下句型：①was/weredoing...when...正在做……这时……②was/wereabouttodo...when...正要做……这时……③was/wereonthepointofdoing...when...刚要做……这时……④hadjustdone...when...刚做完……这时……⑤hadhardly/scarcelydone...when...Hardly/Scarcelyhad...done...when...刚做完……这时/那时……IwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIsawmyoldfriendMary.我正在街上走着，这时我看见了我的老朋友玛丽。Iwasabouttogo/onthepointofgoingtoyourhometohelpyouwithyourEnglishwhenmyunclecame.我正要出门去你家辅导你英语，这时我叔叔来了。Ihadjustfinishedmyworkyoucalledme.我刚完成工作这时你来电话了。Thegamehadhardly/scarcelybegunwhenitstartedtorain.＝Hardly/Scarcelyhadthegamebegunwhenitstartedtorain.比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。②(2011·浙江高考)OneFriday，wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway_句型转换①Iwasjustbeginningtotalkaboutthisquestion.Justthenyouinterruptedme.→I__________________aboutthisquestion__________youinterruptedme.→I__________________aboutthisquestion__________youinterruptedme.完成句子②我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。We__________________________someonebrokeis.③我正要上车，这时我听到有人喊我的名字。I________________gettingonthebus__________Iheardmynamecalled.【答案】①wasabouttotalk；when；wasonthepointoftalking；when②werehavingameetingwhen③wasonthepointof；when9．absolutelyadv.完全地；绝对地Therehadbeenaneruptionfromthesideofthemountainandredhotlavawasfountaininghundredsofmetresintotheair.Itwasanabsolutelyfantasticsight.(教材P34)在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射达几百米高。真是绝妙的奇景！Althoughitisimpossibletoabsolutelypredictthatavolcanowillbreakoutatsomeminute，itispossibleinsomeperiod.要绝对地预测一座火山将在某一分钟爆发是不可能的，但是，在某个时期爆发还是能够预测到的。Youareabsolutelyright.你完全正确。归纳拓展absoluteadj.纯粹的；完全的；绝对的absolutetrust完全信任absoluteproof确凿证据【教师备课资源】absolutely表示perfectly，completely，无比较级，不被表示程度的副词修饰，如very，但可用nearly等修饰。absolute同样无比较级，不用very修饰，可用nearly等修饰。完成句子①美没有绝对的标准。Thereisno________________forbeauty.②我完全相信你的判断。Itrustyourjudgement________________．【答案】①absolutestandard②absolutely10．suitn．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜Wehadwhiteprotectivesuitsthatcoveredourwholebody，helmets，bigbootsandspecialgloves.(教材P34)我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特制的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。Idon'tthinkthissongsuitshim.我认为这首歌不适合他。Herspeechwaswellsuitedtotheoccasion.她的讲话在这个场合非常适宜。归纳拓展suitoneself随自己的意愿行事suitsth.使某物适合于(另一物)suitableadj.合适的；适宜的besuitableforsth./sb.适于某物/人besuitabletodosth.适合做某事Hetriedtosuithisperformancetotheaudience.他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。Theshowisnotsuitableforyoungchildrenonthewhole.总之，该表演不太适合少儿观看。易混辨析fit/suit/match词汇辨析典型例句fit多指大小、形状合适，可引申为“吻合，协调”。Thetrousersdon'tfithim；theyaretoosmall.这条裤子不合他的身，太小了。suit多指颜色、花样或款式适合；还可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。Thisstyleofdresssuitsyouwell.你穿这种款式的衣服很合适。match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。Herclothesandhatdon'tmatch.她的衣服和帽子不协调。根据语境用fit，suit，match完成下列小片段①Thedress_______youwell，butitscolourdoesn't________youandyouneedatieto________it.完成句子②请自便，不过我曾希望过你能来帮助。______________，butIhadhopedthatyouwouldcomeandhelp.③这所房子不适合大家庭居住。Thehouse________________alargefamily.【解析】①fits；suit；match②Suityourself③isnotsuitablefor11．makeone'sway前往；向……走去；成功Itwasnoteasytowalkinthesesuits，butweslowlymadeourwaytotheedgeofthecraterandlookeddownintothered，boilingcentre.(教材P35)穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。Thoughitwasraininghard，hemadehiswayhome.尽管雨下得很大，他还是回家了。Beingexhausted，shemadeherwaytobed.她很疲惫，朝着床走了过去。Ifyouwanttomakeyourway，youmustlearntoworkhardwhenyouarestillyoung.你要想成功，就得学会趁着年轻努力工作。归纳拓展①feelone'sway摸索着前行fight/push/one'sway推挤着前行windone'sway蜿蜒向前forceone'swayout挤出去；冲出去pushone'swayin挤进去loseone'sway迷路②onthewayto在去……的路上intheway挡道innoway决不；一点也不ina/oneway在某种意义上；在某种程度上makewayfor让路；让位于bywayof取道；途经Therewasnolight，sowehadtofeelourwayinthedark.由于没有灯光，所以我们不得不在黑暗中摸索着向前走。Shegraduallyfoughtherwaytothetopofthecompany.她努力奋斗，逐渐进入公司的高层。Tryandpushyourwaythroughthecrowd.试着从人群中挤过去。【对接高考】(2013·福建高考)Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemess,asherchildrenarealways________whenevershetriesto.A．intheway B．onwatchC．insight D．ontheline【解析】考查介词短语。A项“挡道，妨碍”，B项“值班，监视”，C项“在视线中，被看见”，D项“在线上”。根据句意：史密斯太太发现想收拾一下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难，因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨碍她。故答案选A。【答案】A完成句子①他乘火车来到伦敦前往儿童医院。HetookatraintoLondonand______________totheChildren'sHospital.②我将把职务让给更年轻的人。Ishall____________ayoungerman.③车刚停好，我们就从拥挤的公共汽车上挤下来。We______________outofthecrowdedbusassoonasitstopped.④灯突然熄灭了，同学们一个个地摸黑走出教室。Thelightswentoutsuddenly.Onebyonethestudents____________outoftheclassroom.【答案】①madehisway②makewayfor③pushedourway④felttheirway12．Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy，butthisbeingmyfirstexperience．Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.(教材P35)另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆。我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。thisbeingmyfirstexperience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，一般用逗号与句子主体部分隔开。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。Therebeingnobus，hehadtowalkhome.由于没有公交车了，他只好步行回家。Thereisabiggardeninfrontofthehouse，itsownerseatedinit.房子前有一个大花园，它的主人坐在里面。归纳拓展常见的独立主格结构：名词/代词＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(现在分词（表主动、进行）,过去分词（表被动、完成）,不定式（表将来）,形容词/副词,介词短语))Somanypeopletohelphim，heissuretosucceed.如此多的人要帮他，他一定会成功的。Classesover，thestudentscametotheplayground.下课了，学生们来到了操场上。Hecamebackintotheroom，hisearsredwithcold.他回到了房子里，耳朵冻红了。Hecameoutofthelibrary，(a)bookunder(his)arm.他胳膊下夹着一本书，从图书馆里出来