人教新目标英语中考一轮复习九年级Unit9课件

Unit9

Whenwasitinvented?复习目标：1.掌握Unit9的重点词组和句型2.灵活运用被动语态by+pp结构3.了解一些发明物的发明史

/in'vent/vt.发明；创造/'kælkjuleitə/n.计算器用来做…/sku:p/n.勺子；v.用勺舀/ə'dʒʌstəbl/a.可调整的/hi:l/n.脚后跟/'bætəri/n.电池/'ɔpəreit/v.作业；操作电池供电的/'slipə/n.拖鞋/hi:t/v.加热;使变热/bʌlb/n.电灯泡；电灯n.电灯泡inventcalculatorbeusedforscoopadjustableheelbatteryoperatebattery-operatedslipperheatbulblightbulbUnit9NewWords/'maikrəweiv/n.微波/'ɔvən/n.微波炉/'krispi/a.脆的；易碎的/'sɔ:lti/a.咸的；含盐的/'sauə/a.酸的；发酵的错误地/ʃef/n.厨师/'spriŋkl/v.撒(粉末状物)；洒(液体)偶然地；意外地/'bevəridʒ/n.饮料根据；按照/'einʃənt/a.古代的；古老的microwavemicrowaveovencrispysaltysourbymistakechefsprinklebyaccidentbeverageaccordingtoancient/'ledʒənd/n.传说；传奇故事/buʃ/n.灌木；灌木丛落入；陷入/ri'mein/v.保持不变；留下；余留/'nəutis/v. 注意到;察觉到/prəu'dju:s/v.生产；制造/'plezənt/a.令人愉快的；舒适的；讨人喜欢的这样/pai/n.馅饼/'flaiiŋ//disk/飞碟；飞盘/'beikəri/n.面包店/‘bridʒpɔ:t/布里奇波特(美国康涅狄格州西南/kə'netikət/(美国)康涅狄格州legendbushfallintoremainnoticeproducepleasantinthiswaypieflyingdiskbakeryBridgeportConnecticut/θrəu/v.扔；掷/teist/ n. 味道;风味/'lemən/n.柠檬/'kuki/n.饼干；曲奇饼/'æbəkəs/n.算盘/bai'nɔkjuləz/n.双筒望远镜/'sentʃəri/n.世纪，百年/ræŋk/n.顺序；级别/'æktiv/ adj. 活动的；活泼的；积极的indoors/in'dɔ:z/adv.在户内/kri'eit/vt.创造；创作；创建/'wudn/a.木制的throwtastelemoncookieabacusbinocularscenturyrankactiveindoorscreatewooden/nɔk/v.敲；碰撞；击与…相撞/di'vaid/vt.分开，划分/eim/n.目的，目标/'bɑ:skit/n.篮子/i'kwipmənt/n.装备，设备/'metl/n.金属/hu:p/n.环；圈；篮圈/ʃu:t/v.射击；投篮/bi'ləu/prep.在...下面；低于backboard/'bækbɔ:d/n.篮板；背板/ɡaid/v.指导；带领knockknockintodivideaimbasketequipmentmetalhoopshootbelowbackboardguide/tə'wɔ:dz/prep.向着，朝着/kɔ:t/n.球场/bə:'lin/n.柏林develop/di'veləp/v.(使)发展；(使)成长；(使)发达/,pɔpju'lærəti/n.普及；流行/raiz/v.上升;达到较高水平等/'rizən/v.上升；上涨(rise的过去词)/'wə:ld,waid/a.世界范围的；世界性的/ə,səusi'eiʃən/n.协会/i'kwipment/n.装备;器材towardscourtBerlindeveloppopularityriserisenworldwideassociationequipment类别新课标要求重点词汇拓展1.invent→n.发明家inventor→n.发明invention→adj.有创造才能的inventive2．operate→n.操作者operator→n.操作；手术operation3．ancient→(反义词)adj.现代的modern4．produce→n.生产；制作production→n.产品product5．active→n.活动activity→adv.积极地；活跃地actively6．create→adj.有创造力的；有创新精神的creative7．wooden→n.木材；树林wood8．popularity→adj.流行的；受欢迎的popular9．fool→adj.傻的；愚蠢的foolish10．announce→n.布告；公告announcement类别新课标要求重点词汇拓展11．farmer→n.农场；农庄farm12．thrill→adj.令人激动的；震颤的thrilling→adj.感到激动的thrilled13．marry→adj.已婚的married

重点短语记忆1.beusedfor用来做……2．bymistake错误地3．byaccident偶然地；意外地4．accordingto根据；按照；据……所说；视……而定5．fallinto落入；陷入6．inthisway这样7．knockinto与……相撞重点短语记忆8．bythetime到……时候；到……之前9．gooff发出响声10．runoff跑掉；迅速离开11．ontime准时12．breakdown停止运转；出故障13．showup出席；露面14．setoff激起；引起15．sellout卖完；售光16．getmarried结婚

重点句型整理1.Potatochipswereinventedbymistake.2．Thecustomerwashappyintheend.3．ItisbelievedthatonDecember21st,1891，thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.4．Whenshegottoschool，sherealizedshehadleftherbackpackathome.

重点句型整理5．WhathappenedtoDaveonAprilFool'sDay?6．Welleswassoconvincingthathundredsofpeoplebelievedthestory...

1.由…发明的3.电池控制的拖鞋6.被用来做…7.被…使用15.错误地16.足够咸18..最后19….的历史20．一个叫…的厨师21.在上面撒许多盐beinventedby…battery-operatedslippersbeusedfordoing…beusedby…bymistakesaltyenoughintheendthehistoryofachefcalled…sprinklelotsofsaltonthemKeyphrases23.偶然地24.被发现26.根据…27.一个古代的中国传说29.在一个户外的炉子上烧水喝30.附近一些灌木的叶子31.落入…32.在那里留了一段时间36.就这样40.飞碟byaccidentbedescoveredaccordingto…anancientChineselegendboildrinkingwateroveranopenfireleaverfromanearbybushfallinto…remainthereforsometimeinthiswaytheflyingdisk41.在20世纪50年代42..吃馅饼44.笔试45.一支既可以挺有可以写的钢笔52.在六世纪53.一项古老的发明54.到中国各地旅游55.无论你去哪里58.篮球运动59.有一百多年的历史inthe1950seatpiewritingtestsapenthatlistensandwritesinthesixthcenturyanancientinventiontravelaroundChinaeverywhereyougothesportofbasketballisalittleoverahundredyearsold60.包括中国在内61.一位名叫…的加拿大博士62.上大学63.在室内玩65.在硬木板上66….的安全67.与…相撞68.跌倒69.把…分成70.教某人做某事71….的目标includingChinaaCanadiandoctornamed…beatcollegeplayindoorsonahardwoodenfloorthesafetyofknockintofalldowndivide…into…teach…todo…theaimof…72.把球投人蓝内73.挂在金属框圈上的一个网75.引导…进入78.人们认为79.历史上82.国内83,从那时起84….的流行程度85.在世界范围内大大提升getaballintothebasketanethangingfromametalhoopguide…into…Itisbelievedthat…inhistoryathomefromthenon…thepopularityofriseworldwide86.….的数量87….的数量90.已经增加91.增加了92.增加到93.保持你健康thenumberof…thenumberofhasincreasedincreaseby…increaseto…keepyouhealthyThepassivevoice一、语态英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.二、被动语态的构成助动词be+及物动词的过去分词

am(is,are)+done

一般现在时

was(were)+done

一般过去时Grammarfocus三、被动语态的用法1.不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态.eg.Mybikewasstolenyesterday.ThiscarismadeinAmerican.2.不必要说出动作执行者时,常用被动语态。eg.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.3.为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.eg.Thousandsofbeachesarepolluted.四、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:

They

speak

English.

主语谓语宾语English

isspoken

bythem.主语谓语动词的过去分词宾语(1)主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。(2)主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语动词，即”“be+及物动词的过去分词”(be有时态、人称和数的变化)。(3)主动语态的主语变为by的宾语。主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态改被动语态Bellinvented

thetelephonein1876.wasby五、被动语态的时态表示被动语态的时态一般只通过be表现,过去分词不变。例如：一般现在时:Thetreesareplantedbythefarmers.一般过去时:Thetreeswereplantedbythefarmers.现在进行时:Thetreesarebeingplantedbythefarmers.一般将来时：Thetreeswillbeplantedbythefarmers.现在完成时：Thetreeshavebeenplantedbythefarmers.含情态动词的被动语态：Thetreescan(must,should)beplantedbythefarmers.六、被动语态的几种句型：肯定句主语+be+过去分词+(by…)Asweetsongwassungbyheronthestage.否定句主语+be+not+过去分词+(by…)Asweetsongwasn’tsungbyheronthestage.一般疑问句

Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)Wasasweetsongsungbyheronthestage?特殊疑问句

疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)Wherewasasweetsongsungbyher?1.

beusedfordoing…意为“被用来……”,强调用途或作用。

beusedas

意为”被当作……来用”，强调被当作工具或手段来用。

beusedby

意为“被……使用，强调使用者。e.g.Thebigboxisusedasatable.Thecarisusedbyourmanager.Keypoints2.Inventv，意为“发明，创造”。

inventionn，“发明，发明物”

inventorn,“发明者”3.Battery-operatedslipperswereinventedby…operate用法：(1)“操作”e.g.Canyouoperatethecomputer?(2)“起作用，见效果”

e.g.Thesleepingpilloperatedatonce.(3)“经营，管理”e.g.Thecompanyoperatestenfactories.(4)“动手术”e.g.Thedoctorwilloperateonhismothernextweek.4.annoyingadj.讨厌的,恼人的(往往指事物)e.g.Howannoyingitis!真讨厌。

annoyedadj.生气的,恼怒的(往往指人)e.g.Myfatherisannoyedwithme.

爸爸在生我气。5.helpfuladj.有帮助的,有益的构词法：n+ful→adje.g.use+ful→usefulthank+ful→thankfulbeauty+ful→beautifulcare+ful→careful6.aloneadj.意为“单独的”,不带感情色彩。e.g.Whenhiswifedied,helivedalone.

lonelyadj.意为“孤独的,寂寞的”e.g.Hefeelslonelywhenheisalone.

lonely指地方时表示“荒凉的,偏僻的”e.g.Theoldmanlivesinalonelysmallvillage.7.Itisbetter(forsb.)todosth…“最好做……“，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。e.g.Itisbetterforyoutowalktoschool.Itisbettertodosth…=hadbetterdosth…8.mistake作名词“错误，误会”。作动词“弄错，犯错”。常见形式有：makeamistake

出错e.g.Youhavemadeamistakehere.mistake…for…

错把……当作……Theymistookhimforhisbrother.bymistake

错误地

e.g.Theysentthelettertomebymistake.9.make表示“使……怎么样”，其后常带复合宾语。常见结构为：主语+make+宾语+名词/形容词(做宾补)。例如：Thebosscanmaketheyoungmanarichman.10.byaccident“偶然地，碰巧”。同义词组是bychance，同义词是accidentally,反义词组是onpurpose.e.g.Hefoundanewwaytosolvetheproblembyaccident.11.although

作连词,意为“虽然,尽管”,

引导让步状语从句,我们不能根据汉语习惯,在后面使用连词but,不过它可以与yet,still连用;

若主从句的主语相同,且从句谓语含有动词be,可将从句主语和动词be省略。e.g.Althoughheisverybusy,healwaystalkswithus.12,not…until

意为“直到……才”

until/till引导一个时间状语从句。

Ididnot

gotobed

untilIfinishedmyhomework.Iwaitedforheruntill/till10lastnight.13.accordingto

是短语介词,意为“根据……;依照……”后接代词,名词或由疑问词以及whether引出的名词性从句。e.g.Accordingtotheradio,itwillraintomorrow.14.discover意为“发现”，指发现的对象是本来存在的。

find意为“找到”，强调结果。

invent意为“发明”，发明的对象是以前没有的东西。15.Someleavesfromanearbybushfellintothewaterandremained

thereforsometime.nearbyadj.“附近的“，e.g.Heworksinanearbyfactory.(2)leaf

的复数形式为leaves(3)remain

表示“继续留在某处”e.g.Howlongwillyouremainhere?(4)fallinto

“落入,陷入”e.g.Hewasdrunkandfellintothewater16.Ipreferlemonstooranges.

prefer是动词，意为“更喜欢”，常可与likebetter,instead进行替换。常见句式有

preferAtoB

preferdoingtodoing

prefertodo/doing

prefertodoAratherthandoB.

例如：

IwouldpreferplayingoutsidetowatchingTV.Iprefertogotothemovieratherthanstayathome.17.

broken为break的过去分词，相当于形容词的作用，意为“碎了的，坏了的”,可作定语或表语。例如：

bebroken.Thereissomebrokenglassontheground.Becarefuloftheglassbrokenbythecat.18..(1)notice

做及物动词，意为“注意，注意到”。e.g.Ididn’tnoticeher.(2)notice

做名词，意为“布告，通知，注意”。e.g.You’dbetternotputupanoticeonthewall.19.

alittle与abit(1)相同处：做状语，修饰比较级。例如：

Heisalittle/abitbetter

tody.做主语或宾语。例如：

Pleasegivemealittle/abit.

(2)不同处：notalittle=very

notabit=notatall

e.g.Heisnotalittletired.他非常累。

Heisnotabittired.他一点儿也不累前置做定语时后常接of,但alittle不接of,而

abitof后的of不可省略，即alittlemoney=abitofmoney20.wooden做形容词，意为“木制的，呆板的，毫无表情的”。例如：awoodenshelf木架

awoodenface呆板的脸

awoodenstare呆望21.shoot-shot-shot(1)shoot做及物动词，意为“投球，射中，射死”。e.g.Heshotahare.Hewasshotintheleg.(2)shootat“瞄准“e.g.Heshotatabirdandkilledit.22.knock

into…意为“与…相撞”。

另外knockat/on敲（门、窗等）knockdown撞到、打到knockout撞出、敲出knock…into…将…打进…

23.thenumberof…的数目，后接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

egThenumberofthestudentsintheschoolisabout5000.

这所学校大约有5000名学生。

◆

anumberof

意为‘许多、若干’，后接名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

egAlargenumberofthestudentsinourschoolarefromthecountryside.

我们学校许多学生来自农村。

24.itisbelievedthat…

意为“人们认为…”为固定句型。其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，其他类似用法itissaidthat…(据说…),itissupposedthat…(据猜测…)Itisreportedthat…(据报道…)

25.onDecember21st,1891

在具体的某一天之前用介词on

eg

Onawindymorning,Iarrivedatthattown.

在一个有风的早晨，我到了那个城镇。26..because，for,since与as这四个连词都有“因为，由于”的意思，都可以用来引导表示原因的状语从句。但在具体的用法上有些区别：★because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，它所表示的是引起主句结果的直接原因，一般位于主句之后，有时也可以放在前面，用逗号与主语隔开。Hewaslateforschoolbecausehegotuplate.因为他起床起晚了,所以他迟到了。★for是个并列连词,连接的是两个并列的句子,它引导的句子一般放在主句后面,表示主句的理由,语气上比because轻得多。You’dbettertakeoffyourcoat,foritisveryhotoutside.你最好脱下大衣,因为外面很暖和。★since的意思是“因为”，表示的往往不是根本原因，而是自然结果，引起的从句通常放在句首。Sinceyouareeightyearsold,youshouldgotoschool.因为已经8岁了,你应该去上学了。★as的意思也是“因为”，但语气比since还要弱些，用于日常用语中。引起的从句表示附加的原因，通常放在句首。AsIamafraidoflight，Iamwearingapairofsunglasses.因为我害怕光，所以戴着一副太阳眼镜。I.单项选择

1.---CantheAmericanstudentunderstandwhatthelettersays?---Sure.It_______ineasyChinese.A.writesB.iswrittenC.iswritingD.wrote2.---Whowaspaperinvented_______?---AChinesemannamedCaiLunlongago.A.byB./C.forD.as3.---Doyoumind_____here?---Itdoesn’tmattertome.Butthesignsays,“Smokingisn’t_____here.”A.smoking,allowedB.smoking,allowingC.tosmoke,allowedD.tosmoke,allowingBAA4.Amicrowaveovenisused_______heatingcoldfood.A.byB.toC.forD.as5.---Canyoufixthiskindofmachinehere?---I’mafraidnot.Maybeit______inthatshopontheothersideofthestreet.A.canberepairedB.repairsC.canrepairD.canfix6.SomethinginChina_______tostopthepopulationfromincreasinginthepast20years.A.hasbeendoneB.hasdoneC.doesD.isdoingCAA7.---Doyouknowwhen_______?---OnAugust8,2008.Inabouttwohundreddays.A.willBeijingOlympicGamesbeheldB.BeijingOlympicGameswillbeheldC.willBeijingOlympicGamesholdD.willBeijingOlympicGameshold8.Yourhomeworkmust________beforeyouleaveschool.A.handinB.finishC.doD.behandedin9.______theway,wouldyoupleasetellmewhetherwecanworkouttheproblem_____thisway?A.On,inB.By,byC.By,inD.In,on10.---Whichcoatdoyouwanttobuy,theblueoneorthegreenone?---______ofthem.Oneforthesonandtheotherforthedaughter.A.BothB.EveryC.NeitherD.AnyBDCA11.---Doyouknowwhen_________?---Overacenturyago.wasthetelephonediscoveredB.thetelephonewasdiscoveredC.wasthetelephoneinventedD.thetelephonewasinvented12.---Howlonghaveyou_______thiswatch?---Moreorlesstenyears,butitstillworkswell.A.boughtB.gotC.hadD.borrowed13.Chang'e-1was_______at6:05pmonOct.24fromXichanginsouthwesternSichuanA.sentupB.sendingupC.sendupD.tosendup14.Thenumberofthepeoplewhocatchcancer_______increasinginthearea.Anumberofthem______died.A.are,haveB.is,hasC.are,hasD.is,haveDCAD15.Tom_______tostayathomeuntilhishomework_______.A.asked,wasfinishedB.wasasked,wasfinishedC.asked,finishedD.wasasked,finished16.She_______fromthechair,________hervoiceandwentonspeaking.A.rose,raisedB.raised,roseC.rose,roseD.raised,raised17.Thisisa________machineanditdidn’ttakethefarmersmuchtimetofinishthefarmwork.A.helplessB.uselessC.helpD.helpfulBAD18.______isbelievedthatChinawillbeabletosendmantothemoonsomedayinthenearfuture.A.ThatB.ItC.HeD.This19.Afterthewar,onlyafewbuildings________inthetown.A.leftB.remainedC.wereremainedD.stand20.Mygrandfatherlefthishometownin1949.Eversincethen,he______home.A.hasneverreturnedB.neverreturnedC.neverreturnsD.willneverreturnBBAIII.单元副词或介词填空。1.Keysareused_________openingandclosingthedoors.2.Ifyouknock________some