小学英语复数形式归纳总结

小学英语复数形式归纳总结小学英语复数形式归纳总结小学英语复数形式归纳总结资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月小学英语复数形式归纳总结版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：小学英语复数形式归纳总结英语名词变复数规则1、一般在词尾加,s.一般来说，s在元音或浊辅音后读[z}，在清辅音后面读成[s]，在[t]后与[t]在一起读成[ts]，在[d]后与[d]一起读成[dz]。cups杯子days日子hands手hats帽子2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加,es，读[iz]classes班级buses公共汽车boxes盒子watches手表3、以“元音字母，y”结尾的词，加,s，读作[z];以辅音字母，y结尾的词，变y为i，再加,es，读[iz]。boy-boys男孩army-armies军队story-stories故事factory-factories工厂baby-babies宝贝4、以o结尾的词，多数加,s，读[z]。kilo-kilos公里photo-photos照片tobacco-tobaccos烟草piano-pianos钢琴以元音字母，o结尾的词一律加,s，读[z]。zoo-zoos动物园radio-radios收音机少数以o结尾的词，在词尾加-es，读[z]。tomato-tomatoes西红柿hero-heroes英雄potato-potatoes土豆5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数把f,fe变为v，再加,es，读[vz]。leaf-leaves树叶thief-thieves小偷wife-wives妻子knife-knives小刀shelf-shelves架子6、不规则名词的复数形式。(1)通过变化单词内部元音字母，构成复杂形式。man-men男子woman-women女人foot-feet脚goose-geese鹅tooth-teeth牙齿mouse-mice老鼠child-children小孩(2)单数形式与复数形式相同sheep-sheep绵羊deer-deer鹿Chinese-Chinese中国人Japanese-Japanese日本人一、一般情况下～直接在该词末尾加-s。读音变化:-s在清辅音[p][t][k][f]后读[s]～在浊辅音和元音后读[z]～在辅音[s][z][d]后读[iz]～口诀:清清浊浊元浊～结尾是清辅音读[s]～结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。例:friend-friends;cat-cats;sport-sports;cups-cups,cake-cakes,flag-flags,face-facesbook-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds二、凡以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词～在该词末尾加-es构成复数。读音变化:统一加读[iz]。例:busbuses;foxfoxes;matchmatches;flashflashes;class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes;brush-brushes.三、以y结尾,1,以辅音字母+y结尾的名词～将y改变为i～再加-es。读音变化:加读[z]。例:candy-candies,lady-ladies,story-stories,party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities,strawberry-strawberries,country-countries,study-studiesfairy-fairies;daisy-daisies.,2,以“元音字母,a,e,i,o,u,+y”结尾～直接加-s～读[z].如:boy-boys;toy—toys;ray-rays;day-days;key-keys.四、以“f或fe”结尾～变f或fe为v,再加-es如:knife-knives～读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]例:knife—knives;life—lives;leaf—leaves;half---halves;wolf---wolves,loaf-loaves,wife---wives;thief---thieves,staff—staves;scarf—scarves。注意:也有例外～加-s～读[s]:例:roof-roofs屋顶;proof-proofs;证明、证据belief---beliefs;chief-chiefs;safe---safes;gulf---gulfs.两者皆可的有:如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves。五、以-o结尾的名词:1、以-o结尾的名词～加-s构成复数～读[z];photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园,piano—pianos钢琴;bamboo-bamboos竹子.2、特例:以-o结尾的名词～加-es～读音变化:加读[z]hero-heroes英雄,Negro-Negroes黑人,potato-potatoes土豆,tomato-tomatoes西红柿;mosquito-mosquites蚊子。3、两者皆可volcano-volcanoes/volcanos火山,zero-zeros/zeroes斑马,mango-mangoe/mangoes芒果。六、以-th结尾的名词加-s:truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,不规则名词复数:一、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化:保持原音。例:fish-fish;sheep-sheep;cattle-cattle;deer-deer;salmon-salmon,cannon-cannon;trout-trout鳟鱼,Chinese,Germans,Swiss,Japanese。二、少数单词～其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化:没有规律。例:man-men;woman-women;child-children;person-people;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;goose-geese,mouse-mice.三、另外还有一些名词～其复数形式有时可表示特别含义例:waters,水域,fishes,各种,鱼,times(时代),drinks(饮料),looks(外表),papers(文件报纸),brains(头脑智力),sands(沙滩),goods,货物,～customs(海关),forces(军队),spirits(情绪),manners(礼貌),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)四、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;shears大剪刀,trousers长裤;wages工资,spectacles～glasses,眼镜。若表达具体数目～要借助数量词例:pair(对～双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers五、合成名词1、将主体名词变为复数:daughters-in-law媳妇;例:daughter-in-lawfather-in-lawfathers-in-law岳父maid-servantmaid-servants；story-tellerstory-tellers；boyfriendboyfriends。无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数:grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches.将两部分变为复数womensingers,menservants。六、不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称(谓语用复数)单数复数中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes7、除人民币元、角、分外～美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers8、另外,1,集体名词～以单数形式出现～但实为复数。例如:peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数～不能说apeople～apolice～acattle～但可以说aperson～apoliceman～aheadofcattle,theEnglish～theBritish～theFrench～theChinese～theJapanese等名