考研考博-英语-南京信息工程大学滨江学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京信息工程大学滨江学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Althoughitwashisfirstexperienceaschairman:he（

）overthemeetingwithgreatskill.

问题1选项

A.presided

B.administered

C.mastered

D.executed

【答案】A

【解析】考察固定搭配。presideover“主持”。选项A符合题意。

2.单选题

Thesedayswehearalotofnonsenseaboutthe“greatclasslesssociety”.Theideathatthe20thcenturyistheageofthecommonmanhasbecomeoneofgreatclichesofourtime.

Thesameoldargumentsareputforwardinevidence.Herearesomeofthem:Monarchyasasystemofgovernmenthascompletelydiscredited.Themonarchiesthatsurvivehavebeendeprivedofallpoliticalpower.Inheritedwealthhasbeensavagelyreducedbytaxationand,intime,thegreatfortuneswilldisappearaltogether.Inanumberofcountriesthevictoryhasbeencomplete.Thepeoplerule;thegreatmillenniumhasbecomeapoliticalreality.Buthasit?Closeexaminationdoesn’tbearouttheclaim.

Itisafallacytosupposethatallmenareequalandthatsocietywillbeleveledoutifyouprovideeverybodywiththesameeducationalopportunities.(Itisdebatablewhetheryoucaneverprovideeveryonewiththesameeducationalopportunities,butthatisanotherquestion.)Thefactisthatnaturedispensesbrainsandabilitywithatotaldisregardfortheprincipleofequality.Theoldrulesofthejungle,“survivalofthefittest”，and“mightisright“arestillwithus.Thespreadofeducationhasdestroyedtheoldclasssystemandcreatedanewone.Rewardsarebasedonmeritfor“aristocracy”read“meritocracy”；inotherrespectssocietyremainsunaltered:theclasssystemisrigidlymaintained

Genuineability,animalcunning,skilltheknackofseizingopportunities,allbringsmaterialrewards.Andwhatisthefirstthingpeopledowhentheybecomerich?Theyusetheirwealthtosecurethebestpossibleopportunitiesfortheirchildren,togivethem“agoodstartinlife”.Forallthelipservicewepaytotheideaofequality.Wedonotconsiderthiswronginthewesternworld.Privateschoolswhichofferunfairadvantagesoverstateschoolsarenotbannedbecauseoneoftheprinciplesinademocracyisthatpeopleshouldbefreetochoosehowtheywilleducatetheirchildren.Inthisway,thenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent:anablechildfromawealthyhomecansucceedfarmorerapidlythanhispoorercounterpart.Wealthisalsousedindiscriminatelytofurtherpoliticalends.Itwouldbealmostimpossibletobecometheleaderofademocracywithoutmassivefinancialbacking.Moneyisaspowerfulaweaponaseveritwas.

Insocietieswhollydedicatedtotheprincipleofsocialequality.Privilegedprivateeducationisforbidden.Butevenherepeoplearerewardedaccordingtotheirabilities.Infact,sogreatistheneedforskilledworkersthattheleastablemaybeneglected.Brightchildrenarecarefullyandexpensivelytrainedtobecomefuturerulers.Intheend,allpoliticalideologiesboildowntothesamething:classdivisionspersistwhetheryouareruledbyafeudalkingoraneducatedpeasant.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thesameeducationalopportunitiescan’tgetridofinequalitybecause（

）.

3.Whocanobtainmorerapidsuccess?

4.Whydoestheauthorsaythenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent?Because（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,“classdivisions”refersto（

）.

问题1选项

A.Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem.

B.Equalitymeansmoney.

C.Thereisnosuchsocietyasclasslesssociety.

D.Naturecan’tgiveyouaclasslesssociety.

问题2选项

A.theprinciple“survivalofthefittest”exists.

B.natureignoresequalityindispensingbrainsandability.

C.materialrewardsareforgenuineability.

D.peoplehavethefreedomhowtoeducatetheirchildren.

问题3选项

A.Thosewithwealth.

B.Thosewiththebestbrains..

C.Thosewiththebestopportunities.

D.Thosewhohavetheabilitytocatchatopportunities.

问题4选项

A.moneydecideseverything.

B.privateschoolsofferadvantagesoverstateschools.

C.peoplearefreetochoosethewayofeducatingtheirchildren.

D.wealthisusedforpoliticalends.

问题5选项

A.therichandthepoor.

B.differentopportunitiesforpeople.

C.oppressorandtheoppressed.

D.geniusandstupidity.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。A项Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem(20世纪的机会均等并没有破坏阶级制度)能更好概括本文主旨。

2.细节题。作者指出:自然在分配大脑和能力的时候，完全不考虑平等的原则。有智慧能力才能生存，才能获报偿，这已经是不平等，因此即使获同样的受教育的机会，也不可能铲除不平等。

3.细节题。第三段指出:英才教育在某种程度上是永存的。一个来自富有家庭的有能力的孩子要比其对立面获得成功要快得多得多。因此推测,有钱人能够快速获得成功。

4.细节题。英才教育在某种程度上是永存的。因为有钱,才上得起私立学校。故选A。

5.推断题。作者强调穷人,富人在天赋、教育机会等方面的差异造成即使是同样的教育机会也不可能铲除不平等,因此在作者眼里,真正的阶级分化在于贫富差距。

3.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Ageneralpractitioner.

B.Gynecologist

C.Anorthopedist[ɔθə’pidɪst].

D.Sheissurgeon.

【答案】B

【解析】M:HelloDoctorMarks.It’sTimTailorfromANNEatEdinburghCentral.

W:Hello.

M:I’vegotayoungwoman,a30-year-oldwomanreferredupbyherGPwithakindofperinealabscessforabout10--15days.

W:Right.

M:She'sbeenonantibioticsandbasicallyitneedstobeincised.Canyoutakeher?

W:Ofcourse.What’sthepatient’sname?

Q:Whatisthewoman?

【解析】推断题。根据对话可知，女患者是会阴脓肿，需要切除。

4.单选题

YoucancountonwhatSusanreportedjustnowbecauseshehadenough（

）totellthetruth.

问题1选项

A.candle

B.cannon

C.candor

D.canyon

【答案】C

【解析】candle蜡烛；cannon大炮；candor坦白，直率；canyon峡谷。句意：你可以相信苏珊刚才所说的话，因为她足够坦白说出事实真相。选项C符合语境。

5.单选题

MyscheduletovisitAmericaforbusinessandhisplantocometoseeme______.

问题1选项

A.overturned

B.overlapped

C.overlaid

D.crisscrossed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项overturn“推翻，倾覆”，B项overlap“与……重叠，与……互搭”，C项overlaid“覆盖，放在……上面”，D项crisscross“在……上构成十字形图案，多次往返于”。根据句子意思“我去美国出差的时间表和他来看我的计划”可知，空格填入overlapped表示“重合”符合语境。句意：我去美国出差的时间表和他来看我的计划重叠了。因此，该题选择B项正确。

6.单选题

1EtienneKlein,acelebratedFrenchphysicistandpopularizerofscience,seemssettolosehispostaspresidentoftheInstituteforAdvancedStudiesinScienceandTechnology(IHEST)inParisafterallegationsthatheplagiarizedtheworkofmorethanadozenscientists,philosophersandwritersinvariousbooksandarticles.AsourceatFrance’sMinistryofScienceandEducationyesterdayconfirmedthatadecreeendingKlein'stenurehasbeensignedbythecurrentministerandisnowawaitingthesignatureofFrenchPresidentFrancoisHollande.

2ButKleinsaysherefusestoleave.Inanopenletterpublishedlastweek,hewrotethataninvestigativepanelthatlookedintothematterhasfoundnoevidenceofmisconductandthatheseesnoreasontostepdown.“Myscientificintegrityisabsolute,”Kleinwrotetosciencejournalistsinanemail.Thereporthasnotbeenmadepublic.

3KleinleadsasmallgroupstudyingscienceitselfattheAlternativeEnergiesandAtomicfameEnergyCommission(CEA)nearParis,butseldompublishesinthescientificliterature;hisfamestemsfrombooksandarticlesinpopularmagazines,mostlyaboutphysics.Healsohostsaweeklyradioshowaboutscience.PresidentHollandeappointedKleinpresidentofIHEST—whichseekstobuildtrustinscienceandtoreflectonitssocialeconomicandpoliticalaspects—inSeptember2016.

4InNovember,theweeklymagazineL’ExpressreportedthatKleinhadcopiedpassagesfromFrenchandforeignauthorsinarecentbiographyofAlbertEinsteinandinseveralotherpublications.Kleindefendedsomeoftheinstancesbutadmittedhehadmade“mistakes”inothers;afewdayslater,L'Expresspublishedsevenmoreexamplesofallegedplagiarism,towhichKleinhasnotresponded.

5CEAhasnotinvestigatedthematter.AspokespersonsaysKleinwrotethedisputedpublicationsonhisowntime,notasaCEAresearcher.“Thisisaprivatematter,”thespokespersonsays.Thisiswhygovernmentofficialsaskedanindependentfour-memberpaneltoinvestigatethecharges.ThecommissionfinisheditsworkinlateJanuary,butwhenitpresenteditsreporttothegovernment,nothinghappenedforalmost2months.ThenKleinpublishedhisopenletteron29March.

6Intheletter,hequotedafewparagraphsfromthereportinwhichthecommissionsaidithadnotfoundethicalbreachesinKleinsworkforCEAandthatitwasneither“competent”nortaskedtojudgewhetherKleincommittedplagiarisminthelegalsense.Nonetheless,thecommissionrecommendedthathestepdownfromIHEST,Kleinwrote,“soasnottocausedifficultiesfortheinstituteanditsimportantmissions.”Kleinsayshehasnointentionofdoingso.“Idon’twanttobejudgedbythepress,butaccordingtothecriteriaofFrenchlaw,”hewroteinanemail.

7Theleaderofthefour-memberpanelsayshecan'tdiscussthereport;hesayshehopesitwillbemadepublicbytheauthorities.ButheconfirmsthatthepaneldidnotconsidertheissueofwhetherKleinsreuseofotherwriters’wordsbrokeanylaws.“Kleincametothecommissionwithhislawyer,”hesays,“we’renotjudges,werenotthepolice,we'rejustfouracademics.”

8KleinsaysthathisbookaboutEinsteincontainsmorethan120attributedquotesaswell,which“provesthatIhavenoproblemwithquotingsomeone.WhatIambeingblamedforisduetocarelessnessornegligence,especiallyinmyfilemanagement,nottoaconsciousdesiretoplagiarize.”

9Inastorypublishedlastweek,L*ExpressspeculatesthatKlein’sopenlettermayhavebeenalast-ditchefforttoaverthisdismissalordelayadecisionuntilaftertheupcomingelections,inthehopethatanewpresidentmightsavehim.ButKleinsaysheisnotawareofanydecisiontofirehim.Hesayshewentpublicbecausehehadexpectedthecommissiontopubliclyreaffirmhisscientificintegrity.“Thatwasakeyissueforme,Kleinsays.“Whennothinghappenedinthatregard,Idecidedtospeakoutmyself.”

1.Basedonthisveryrecentarticle,wemayassumethatEtienneKleinis（

）.

2.TheinformationinthisarticleseemstoindicatethatKlein（

）.

3.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,Kleinappearedtobeonthevergeofgettingfiredfromatleastoneofhispositions.Hisreactionhasbeento（

）.

4.InhisworkatIHESTKlein（

）.

问题1选项

A.wellknownprimarilytohisfellowphysicists

B.bestknowntoFrenchtelevisionviewerswhowatchhisshow

C.wellknowntomostFrenchpeoplecuriousaboutscience

D.wellknownprimarilytohighofficialsofthecurrentFrenchgovernment

问题2选项

A.occasionallyneglectedtostatethatbitsoftextinhispublishedworkcomefromotherwritersandresearchers

B.falsifiedscientificdatatoincreasehischancesofgettinghisarticlesacceptedforpublication

C.presentedtheresearchfindingsofotherscientistsashisownwork

D.publishedalifeofAlbertEinsteinputtogetherfronbitsandpiecestakenfromtheworkofotherbiographers,withoutattributionandwithlittleofhisownwriting

问题3选项

A.darehisdetractorstoremovehimthroughcourtaction,accordingtoFrenchlaw

B.arguethathecannotberemovedbyFrenchpoliticiansunlesshisfellowphysicistsagree

C.announcethathewillstepdownquietlyifthepresidentsowishes

D.appealtotheFrenchpublictosupporthiminhisstrugglewithjealousscientificrivalsandhostilepoliticians

问题4选项

A.doesresearchintheoreticalphysics

B.studiestheneedsofFrenchscientistsandreportsthemtothegovernment

C.leadshiscolleaguesinthinkingaboutnon-scientificaspectsofscience

D.studiesscienceitself

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。文章指出:EtienneKlein一位著名的法国物理学家和科学普及者。本题四个选项:A“主要被同行物理学家中熟知”；B“在看他的节目的法国电视观众中最有名气"；C“被大多数对科学好奇的法国民众熟知”；D“主要被现任法国政府高级官员所熟知”,其中C项最为合适。

2.推理判断题。关于Klein的抄袭问题,他自己的说法是:关于爱因斯坦的书中包含了超过120个引语，这证明了我在引用某人时没有问题。我被指责的原因应该是粗心或疏忽，尤其是在我的文件管理中，而不是不是有意抄袭。因此选A:偶尔忽略了他所发表的作品中的一些文字来自其他作家和研究人员。

3.细节事实题。第二段指出Klein拒绝离开。在上周发表的一封公开信中，他写道，一个调查小组没有发现任何不当行为的证据，而且他认为没有理由下台。“我的科学诚信是绝对的，”Klein在一封电子邮件中给科学记者写道。该报道尚未公开。因此选A:根据法国法律，通过法律手段，挑战诋毁他的人。

4.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第三段:PresidentHollandeappointedKleinpresidentofIHEST-whichseekstobuildtrustinscienceandtoreflectonitssocialeconomicandpoliticalaspects~inSeptember2016(奥朗德总统任命克莱恩为IHEST的主席,希望建立对科学的信任并对社会经济和政治方面进行反思)。故选C:带领同事思考科学的非科学方面。

7.单选题

Iftheuniversalityofimmersion-stylelanguageprograms,emergencytestprepclasses,tiredcollegekidsisanyindication,cramming(临时抱佛脚)isawildlypopularstudystrategy.Professorsfrownuponityetconspirebysqueezingvasttopicslike“Evolution”or“Worldhistory1914topresent”intothelastweekofacourse.Soiscrammingeffectiveornot?AnewstudybyUC-SanDiegopsychologistsconfirmswhatyoumaysuspectdeepdown:Theanswerisno.Hurriedmemorizationisahopelessapproachforretaininginformation.Butit’snotallbadnews.Theteamoffersapreciseformulaforbetterstudyhabits,anditdoesn’tnecessarilyneeddoggeddisciplineandroutine.

Toarriveattheirprescription,thescientiststestedthe“spacingeffect”onlong-termmemory.Inotherwords,theywantedtoknowhowthetimegapbetweenstudysessionsinfluencestheabilitytoremembermaterialontestday.Theyasked1,354volunteerstomemorize32trivialfacts,suchas“Whoinventedsnowgolf.”(RudyardKipling)and“WhatEuropeannationconsumesthemostspicyMexicanfood”(Norway).Participantsreviewedtheanswersanywherefromseveralminutestoseveralmonthsafterfirstlearningthem,andthenweretesteduptoayearlater.

ThefindingsStudentsperformbetterwhentheyspacetheirstudysessionsratherthanwhentheytrytocrameverythingintotheirheadsduringonesitting.Butforthosewhomustcram,timingiseverything.Accordingtotheresearchers,ifyouhaveonlyonedateonwhichtostudy,chooseadaythat’sclosertowhenyoufirstlearnedthematerialthanwhenyoutakethetest—butnottooclose.Forinstance,ifyouhaveaFrenchlessononMondayandaquizthefollowingMonday,youshouldstudyonWednesdayformaximumretention.TuesdayistooearlyandSundayistoolate.Ifyouwanttoremembersomethingforayear,waitaboutamonthtoreviewwhatyoulearned.

HalPashler,oneoftheleadauthors,suspectsthatmostcrammersdon’trealizetheerroroftheirways.“Eveninthescientificcommunity,cram-typesummercoursesonnewresearchmethodsareextremelypopular,”hetoldmeinanemail.“AndIhaveneverheardpeoplewhotakethesecoursesevennoticethefactthattheyareaperfectprescriptionforrapidforgetting.”

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeprofessors’attitudetowardcramming?

2.

AccordingtoParagraph1,thenewstudyoncramming（）.

3.InParagraph2theauthormainlydescribes（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantcrammingstrategyis（）.

5.Bymentioningthesciencecommunity,HalPashlertriestostressthat（）.

问题1选项

A.Rationallyrejecting.

B.Reasonablyignoring.

C.Readilyaccepting.

D.Reluctantlyhelping.

问题2选项

A.provesthecorrectnessofthegeneralunderstanding

B.makesusconfusedabouthowtounderstandit

C.pointsouttheproblemsofthepopulartheories

D.raisesquestionsastowhatshouldbeavoided

问题3选项

A.thenecessityofthetest

B.theprocedureofthetest

C.theselectionofthetestsubjects

D.thecontentofthetestquestions

问题4选项

A.puttingthingsintocategory

B.dividingthestudysession

C.lengtheningthereviewsession

D.choosingtheoptimalreviewtime

问题5选项

A.peoplearenotfullyawareoftheproblemswithcramming

B.itisimportanttodevelopbetterstudyhabitsthancramming

C.forgettingisoneofthemajornegativeeffectsofcramming

D.sciencepeopleshouldtaketheleadingivingupcramming

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。文章第一段中的“Professorsfrownuponityetconspirebysqueezingvasttopicslike‘Evolution’or‘Worldhistory1914topresent’intothelastweekofacourse.（教授们对此并不赞成，但他们会在课程的最后一周，把‘进化论’或‘1914年世界史’这样的大话题挤到课堂上，共同密谋。）”很好地诠释了教授们对临时抱佛脚的态度，即理性地拒绝。B选项“合理的忽略”；C选项“欣然接受”；D选项“不情愿的帮助”都不能代表教授们的态度，因此A选项正确。

2.推理判断题。文章第一段主要阐明了临时抱佛脚式学习策略以及教授们对此的态度，还有关于该学习策略的研究。文中“Soiscrammingeffectiveornot?AnewstudybyUC-SanDiegopsychologistsconfirmswhatyoumaysuspectdeepdown:Theanswerisno.（那么死记硬背到底有效还是无效呢？加州大学圣地亚哥分校的心理学家进行的一项新研究证实了你内心深处的猜测：答案是否定的。）”说明该研究证明了一般人的理解是正确的，所以选择A选项。B选项“让我们对如何理解它感到困惑”文中没有提到；C选项“指出流行理论的问题”也不符合段意；D选项“提出了应该避免什么的问题”也没有提到，因此A选项正确。

3.推理判断题。第二段主要描述了专家进行的研究。“Theyasked1,354volunteerstomemorize32trivialfacts,suchas‘Whoinventedsnowgolf.’(RudyardKipling)and‘WhatEuropeannationconsumesthemostspicyMexicanfood’(Norway).Participantsreviewedtheanswersanywherefromseveralminutestoseveralmonthsafterfirstlearningthem,andthenweretesteduptoayearlater.（他们要求1354名志愿者记住32件小事，比如‘谁发明了雪高尔夫球’（拉迪亚德•吉卜林）。和‘欧洲哪个国家吃的墨西哥菜最辣’（挪威）。在第一次学习答案后，参与者在几分钟到几个月的时间内对答案进行复核，然后在一年后进行测试。）”这句话主要描述了该研究的程序，并没有侧重于A选项“研究的必要性”，也没有侧重于C选项“研究对象的选择”，更没有侧重于D选项“测试的内容”，即描述32件小事的内容，因此B选项正确。

4.事实细节题。第三段中的“Butforthosewhomustcram,timingiseverything.（但对于那些必须死记硬背的人来说，时机就是一切。）”指出死记硬背最重要的就是选择好记忆时机。A选项“把东西分类”；B选项“划分学习环节”；C选项“延长复习期”都没有提到，因此D选项“选择最佳的复习时间”正确。

5.事实细节题。最后一段中的“HalPashler,oneoftheleadauthors,suspectsthatmostcrammersdon’trealizetheerroroftheirways.‘Eveninthescientificcommunity,cram-typesummercoursesonnewresearchmethodsareextremelypopular,’hetoldmeinanemail.（该研究的主要作者之一哈尔•帕什勒（HalPashler）在一封电子邮件中告诉我他怀疑大多数死记硬背式学习的人没有意识到他们学习方法的错误。即使在科学界，关于新研究方法的临时暑期课程也非常受欢迎。）”说到大多数人并没有完全意识到死记硬背这个方法的不可行，尽管在科学界也是如此。B选项“养成更好的学习习惯比死记硬背更重要”原文没有提到；C选项“遗忘是死记硬背的主要负面影响之一”与题干无关；D选项“科学人应该带头放弃死记硬背”文中也没有提到，因此A选项“人们没有完全意识到死记硬背的问题”正确。

8.单选题

Thosefiguresarenotconsistent（

）theresultsobtainedinpreviousexperiments.

问题1选项

A.to

B.with

C.for

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。beconsistentwith意为“与……一致，与……符合”。

句意：数据与之前的实验结果不一致。

9.单选题

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous-coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandinimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities,there'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff,thecitybreedsafeelingofisolationandconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecenterofthings,andthatlifedoesn'tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe"quietlife"byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring"morning"tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere'smycat,Toby.I'mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor

（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuytothefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages

（

）.

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?（

）.

问题1选项

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

问题2选项

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

问题3选项

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

问题4选项

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

问题5选项

A.Yes,hewilldoso.

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell.

D.Heisintwominds.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.（我设法说服自己，如果不是因为工作的缘故，我将马上搬到开阔的农村，回到隐藏在宁静的村庄）可知作者在城市工作，因此选C。

第2题:推理判断题。文章第二段中nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother与B选项对应；Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats与C选项对应；theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld与D选项对应，因此选A。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章第三段中Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.（购物成了一个大问题，对于任何不寻常的东西，你必须远征到最近的大城市）可知选C，其他选项都为平常的东西。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章第四段中Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.（他们大概和他们留下的塑料花一样，没有感受，他们的脑子里充满了关于改变和改进农村的奇怪想法，并将这些强加给不愿接受的原始居民）可知D选项“麻木不仁的”最恰当。这里是将这些人和塑料花进行比较，他们只知道一味的强加，并不在意当地人的感受，所以说和塑料花一样麻木不仁。所以选项D正确。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中I’mkeenontheidea,but...No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.可知作者以他的猫为例，认为它不一定会适应农村生活，更喜欢待在城里，间接表达了自己不会去农村生活，因此选B。

10.单选题

Afteraslowsalesstartearlyintheyear,mobilehomeshavebeengainingfavorasan（）toincreasinglyexpensiveconventionalhousing.

问题1选项

A.option

B.alternative

C.supplement

D.addition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项option“选项；选择权；买卖的特权”；B选项alternative“替换物，替代品”；C选项supplement“增补，补充”；D选项addition“添加；加法；增加物”。句意：在销售放缓在这一年早些时候开始出现后，流动房屋作为日益昂贵的传统房屋的一种替代物而一直受到青睐。结合句意，B选项正确。

11.单选题

Whatthingsinlifeareyoumostdesirous（

）attaining?

问题1选项

A.to

B.for

C.with

D.of

【答案】D

【解析】desirousof为固定搭配，意为“想要...渴望...”。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

InScotland,asintherestoftheUnitedKingdom,（）schoolingbeginsatage5andendsatage16.

问题1选项

A.compelling

B.forced

C.obliged

D.compulsory

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在苏格兰，和英国其他地方一样，义务教育从5岁开始，到16岁结束。

考查形容词辨析。compelling引人注目的，强制的；forced被迫的;obliged必须的；compulsory义务的。这里想表达“义务教育”，故选D。

13.单选题

Likeamagazine,anewspaperhasacontentsguidethatindicates______located.

问题1选项

A.whereiseachfeature

B.eachofthefeaturesis

C.eachfeaturewhereitis

D.whereeachfeatureis

【答案】D

【解析】考查宾语从句。where引导宾语从句时，句子中的where相当于theplacewhere，后接的从句用陈述语序。本句中缺少动词indicate的宾语从句，根据句意：像杂志一样，报纸也有一个内容指南，指出每一个专题的位置。可知D选项正确。

14.单选题

Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,thepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas（

）timedwiththeplane’stake-off.

问题1选项

A.simultaneously

B.instantaneously

C.spontaneously

D.conscientiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项simultaneously“同时地”；B选项instantaneously“突如其来地，即刻”；C选项spontaneously“自然地，自发地”；D选项conscientiously“凭良心地，认真地”。当虚拟条件句中的谓语含有were，had，should时，可省略连词if，将were，had，should置于句首。Hadtheexplosionbrokenout=Iftheexplosionhadbrokenout（如果爆炸突然发生），由“爆炸发生”与“飞机上的乘客死亡”可推测这两个动词应是同时发生的，因此选A。句意：如果爆炸突然发生，飞机上的乘客就会被杀死，因为爆炸发生的时间和飞机起飞的时间是同一时间。

15.单选题

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisacceptableandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtoarts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower;norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascismWhathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comesto