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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海杉达学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

We()thathecannotfinishtheworkbeforeJune15.

问题1选项

A.prosecute

B.meddle

C.presume

D.mingle

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。句意:我们他不能在六月十五号之前完成工作。prosecute起诉;meddle干涉;presume假设,认为;mingle使混合,与……交往。因此,C项符合句意。

2.单选题

Rosefeels______abouttheweekendinVermont.Shewantstogo,butshealsowantstostayathome.

问题1选项

A.atheistic

B.ambiguous

C.ambivalent

D.ascetic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项atheistic“无神论的,无神论者的”,B项ambiguous“模糊不清的,模棱两可的”,C项ambivalent“矛盾的,好恶相克的”,D项ascetic“苦行的,禁欲主义的”。根据后面句子的意思“她想去,但她也想呆在家里”可知,“矛盾的”符合语境。句意:罗斯对去佛蒙特州度周末感到矛盾;她想去,但她也想呆在家里。因此,该题选择C项。

3.单选题

Gluttonouswhenitcomestochocolate,Justineatsthisdecadenttreat_____.

问题1选项

A.furtively

B.fleetingly

C.voraciously

D.covertly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A项“偷偷地”,B项“飞快地”,C项“贪婪地;狼吞虎咽地”,D项“偷偷摸摸地”。根据句意:一提到巧克力就馋嘴,Justin吃着这种颓废的食物。因此只有C项符合。

4.单选题

Theprotestswerepartoftheir(

)againsttheproposedbuildingdevelopmentinthearea.

问题1选项

A.commission

B.campaign

C.commitment

D.convention

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项commission“委员会,佣金,回扣”;B选项campaign“活动,运动(为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动),战役”;C选项commitment“承诺,许诺”;D选项convention“惯例,大会,协定”。由againsttheproposedbuildingdevelopment(反对提议建设开发)可知B选项符合逻辑搭配。句意:这些抗议是他们反对该地区拟议建设开发活动的一部分。

5.单选题

Iffacedandaccepted,failurecontributespersonalgrowthandoftenleadstoimprovedpersonalrelationships.

问题1选项

A.facedandaccepted

B.contributes

C.leadsto

D.improved

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词用法。to是不定式,后面的动词一般都要跟动词原形,而句子中的improved是过去分词形式,并且leadtodosth.是固定用法。句意:如果面对并接受失败,失败有助于个人成长,并常常导致改善人际关系。因此,该题选择D项。

6.单选题

Almostasa()totherevivalofGreekknowledgeandvaluescametherevivalofinterestinmathematics.

问题1选项

A.corollary

B.outcome

C.consequence

D.results

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项corollary“推论,必然的结果”;B选项outcome“结局,成果”;C选项consequence“重要性,推论”;D选项results“后果”。句意:希腊知识和价值观的复兴几乎是必然的结果,人们对数学的兴趣也随之复苏。选项A更符合语境。

7.单选题

Hisjobatthehospitaldidnotpaymuch,sohefoundanother().

问题1选项

A.ontheside

B.onthespot

C.onthedecline

D.ontherise

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项ontheside“另外,作为兼职”;B选项onthespot“立刻,当场,在危险中”;C选项onthedecline“在衰退中”;D选项ontherise“在增加,在上涨”。句意:他在医院的工作报酬不高,所以他另外找了一份工作。选项A符合语境。

8.单选题

Seniorgovernmentfigures()inthecover-up.

问题1选项

A.couldhaveacquired

B.musthaveacquiesced

C.mighthavedone

D.willhaverequired

【答案】B

【解析】句意:政府高级官员必然已经默许掩盖真相。

考查短语辨析。空格处动词与in搭配,后面接宾语cover-up(掩盖,掩饰)。Acquiesceinsth.默然接受…;默许;顺从。

9.翻译题

Itisalsoclearfromhisaccountwhoisresponsibleformisrepresentingthisthreat:themediaandpoliticians.Thoughoutthiswork,hescoldsboth.Politicians,wearetold,“amplifythethreatfortheirownpoliticalgainsandmisleadthepublicintomisunderstandingterrorismandpreferappearingtoughonterrorismtoeffectivelycombatingitathome”.Hearguesthatmediareportingissignificantlyflawedandhystericalandsuggeststhatthemediaandpoliticiansseldompassupanyopportunitytomanipulateandsensationalizenewsevents.ThecombinationofthesetwofactorsisagreatinflationoftheterroristtheatintheUnitedStates,resultinginpopularhysteria.ThefocusonthethreattotheWestisunderstandableinsomeways—itisthethreattoone’sownstatethatthemediaandpoliticiansareconcernedwithandattempttomitigate.

【答案】【参考译文】

从他的描述中也可以清楚地看出,是谁歪曲了这一威胁:媒体和政客。在这篇文章中,他斥责了两者。他说,政客们为了自己的政治利益而放大威胁,误导公众对恐怖主义产生误解,比起在国内有效打击恐怖主义,他们更愿(仅仅)表现出一副强硬态度。他认为媒体报道有明显的缺陷且很滑稽,并暗示媒体和政客很少错过任何操纵和渲染新闻事件的机会。这两个因素结合在一起大大地夸大了美国的恐怖主义威胁,导致了大众的谈虎色变。对西方的威胁的关注度在某种程度上是可以理解的——媒体和政客们关注并试图减轻的是对自己国家的威胁。

10.单选题

Dogownersmust()thedog’swasteincontainersprovidedthroughoutthepark.

问题1选项

A.pickup

B.setaside

C.disposeof

D.takeoff

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项pickup“捡起;获得;收拾”;B选项setaside“留出;驳回,撤销;不顾”;C选项disposeof“处理;转让;解决;吃光;除掉;卖掉”;D选项takeoff“起飞;脱下;离开;突然成功”。句意:养狗人必须用公园内提供的容器处理狗的排泄物。A选项pickup应该更侧重于捡起狗狗拉在地上的排泄物,而题干中说到了在容器内,在容器内处理狗狗的排泄物更适合,因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

()thatnight.theuniongovernmentwouldhavebeenoverthrown.

问题1选项

A.Ifhewereassassinated

B.Wereheassassinated

C.Hehadbeenassassinated

D.Hadhebeenassassinated

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在if虚拟条件句中,如果是对过去情况的虚拟,则条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/could/should+have+动词过去分词形式。如果虚拟条件句中有were,had或should,则可以将if省略,将这几个词提到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。句意:如果他那天晚上被暗杀,那么联邦政府可能就已经被推翻了。故本题正确答案为D。

12.单选题

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseyeontheconsumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirstendeavortofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.

Thisconceptdoesnotsimplythatbusinessisbenevolent(慈善的)orthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction—thefirmandthecustomer—andeachmustbesatisfiesbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingCustomerruled!

46.Themarketingconceptdiscussedinthepassageis,inessence,___.

47.Whatwasthemainconcernofindustrialistsbeforethemarketingconceptwaswidelyaccepted?

48.Accordingtothepassage,“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”(Para.1)means___.

49.WhatdoestherestorationoftheClassicCokebestillustrate?

50.Indiscussingthemarketingconcept,theauthorfocuseson___.

问题1选项

A.thepracticeofturninggoodsintomoney

B.makinggoodsavailableforpurchase

C.thecustomer-centeredapproach

D.aformofpersuasivesalesmanship

问题2选项

A.Theneedsofthemarket.

B.Theefficiencyofproduction.

C.Thesatisfactionoftheuser.

D.Thepreferencesofthedealer.

问题3选项

A.tosellthelargestpossibleamountofgoods

B.totransportgoodsasefficientlyaspossible

C.todisposeofthesegoodsinlargequantities

D.toredesignthesegoodsforlargescaleproduction

问题4选项

A.Traditionalgoodshaveastrongerappealtothemajorityofpeople.

B.Ittakestimeforanewproducttobeacceptedbythepublic.

C.Consumerswithconservativetastesareoftendifficulttoplease.

D.Productsmustbedesignedtosuitthetasteoftheconsumer.

问题5选项

A.itsmaincharacteristic

B.itssocialimpact

C.itspossibleconsequence

D.itstheoreticalbasis

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】46.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseyeontheconsumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept(市场营销注重顾客的需求。它首先分析顾客的喜好和需求,然后再生产出他们满意的商品。这种着眼于顾客的销售方式就是人们所说的市场营销),说明市场营销是以顾客为中心的销售方式。选C选项“一种以客户为中心的方法”。A选项“把产品变成金钱的一种做法”和D选项“销售人员说服劝导的一种方式”是传统销售的方式,排除;B选项“根据人们的购买需求生产产品”,由原文可知,这只是市场营销的一个步骤,而不是其本质,错误。因此C选项正确。

47.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文首段Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.(就在几年前,大多数行业主要专注于产品的高效生产,然后依靠“有说服力的销售技巧”来尽可能多地销售这些产品)可知,市场营销这一概念被普遍采用之前,企业家们主要关心的是生产效率,选B选项“生产效率”;A选项“市场需求”,C选项“用户的满意度”以及D选项“经销商的偏好”都不符合原文给出的信息。因此B选项正确。

48.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】语义推测题。由题干关键词“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.(就在几年前,大多数行业主要专注于产品的高效生产,然后依靠“有说服力的销售技巧”来尽可能多地销售这些产品。),说明“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”在文中是指“尽可能多地销售产品”的意思,选A选项“尽可能多地销售产品”;B选项“尽可能高效地运输产品”,C选项“大批量地处理这些产品”,D选项“重新设计这些产品以便可以大规模制造”均不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

49.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.(然而,成功的商人和生产者认识到,最可靠的盈利途径是通过了解和迎合消费者。),接着举了可口可乐公司重新恢复经典口味可乐的例子,说明恢复经典配方是为了迎合顾客的口味,选D选项“商品的设计应该贴合消费者的口味”;A选项“传统型产品对于大多数人来说有着更强的吸引力”,B选项“一种新的产品为公众所接受是需要时间的”,C选项“那些口味保守的消费者最难取悦”在文中均没有提及。因此D选项正确。

50.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。结合全文可知,作者旨在向读者介绍市场营销这一概念的基本特征,即根据顾客的需求组织生产,并通过讲述可口可乐公司恢复原配方这一让人印象深刻的例子强化了读者对其基本特征的了解,选A选项“其主要特点”;B选项“其社会影响”,C选项“其可能带来的后果”,D选项“其理论基础”在文中均没有提及。因此A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Yettheseglobaltrendshidestarklydifferentnationalandregionalstories.VittorioColao,thebossofVodafone,whichoperatesorpartiallyownsnetworksin31countries,arguesthatthefarthersouthyougo,themorepeopleusetheirphones,evenpasttheequator:wherelifeislessorganizedpeopleneedatool,forexampletorejigappointments."Cultureinfluencesthelifestyle,andthelifestyleinfluencesthewaywecommunicate."hesays,"Ifyoudon'tleaveyourphoneoninameetinginItaly,youarelikelytomissthenextone."

Othermundanefactorsalsoaffecthowphonesareused.Forinstance,incountrieswheremanypeoplehaveholidayhomestheyaremorelikelytogiveoutamobilenumber,whichthenbecomesthedefaultwheretheycanbereached,thusunderminingtheuseoffixed-linephones.Technologiesarealways"bothconstructiveandconstructedbyhistorical,social,andculturalcontexts,"writesMizukoIto,ananthropologistattheUniversityofCaliforniainIrvine,whohasco-editedabookonJapan’smobile-phonesubculture.

Indeed,Japanisgoodexampleofhowsuchsubculturescomeabout.Inthe1990sAmericansandScandinavianswereearlyadoptersofmobilephones.ButinthenextdecadeJapanwaswidelyseenasthemodelforthemobilefuture,givenitsearlyembraceofthemobileinternet.ForsometimeWired,amagazinefortechnologylovers,ranacolumncalled"Japaneseschoolgirlwatch",servingreaderswithastreamofmobileoddities.TheimplicationwasthatwhatJapaneseschoolgirlsdidoneday,everyoneelsewoulddothenext.

Thecountry'smobileboomwasarguablyencouragedbyunderlyingsocialconditions.Mostteenagershadlongusedpagerstokeepintouch.In1999NTT,Japan'sdominantoperator,launchedi-mode,aplatformformobile-internetservices.Itallowedcheape-mailsbetweennetworksandtheJapanesepromptlysignedupindrovesformobileinternet.MsItoalsopointsoutthatJapanisacrowdedplacewithlotsofrules.Harriedteenagers,inparticular,havefewchancesforprivateconversationsandtalkingonthephoneinpublicisfrownedupon,ifnotoutlawed.Hencetheappealofmobiledataservices.

ThebestwaytograspJapan'smobilecultureistotakeacrowdedcommutertrain.Thereareplentyofsignsadvisingyounottouseyourphone.Everyfewminutesannouncementsaremadetothesameeffect.Ityoudotakeacall,youriskmorethandisapprovinggazes.Passengersmayappealtoaguardwhowillquietlybutfirmlyexplain:"damedesu"—it'snotallowed.Somestudiessuggestthattalkingonamobilephoneonatrainisseenasworsethaninatheatre.Instead,hushedpassengerstypeawayontheirhandsetsorreadmobile-phonenovels(writtenJapaneseallowsmoreinformationtobedisplayedonasmallscreenthanlanguagesthatusetheRomanalphabet).

1.Accordingtothepassage,anItalianpersonwouldleavehisphoneoninameetingforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythepassage?

3.TheauthorsuggeststhatJapanleadstheworldinthemobile-phonecultureinthat(

).

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheJapaneseteenagersarefondofthemobiledataservicesbecause

).

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage,basedonitscontent?

问题1选项

A.Heisafraidofmissingabusinessopportunity.

B.Hisfamilymembersmaycallhiminemergency.

C.Hethinksitisrudetoleaveacallunanswered.

D.Heneedstogetpostedaboutthelatestchangeintheworkschedule.

问题2选项

A.Howweuseourphonesreflectwherewelive.

B.Technologiesdeterminethewaywecommunicate.

C.Cultureinfluencesthedevelopmentoftechnologies.

D.Socialconditionsdictatethemobilefuture.

问题3选项

A.theJapanesearetheearliestmobilephoneusers

B.theJapanesearethechattiestmobilephoneusers

C.theJapaneseusemobileinternetearlyon

D.Japanprovidesthebestmobilephoneservices

问题4选项

A.theyliketoplayelectronicgames

B.theyliketotalktotheirfriendsonthephone

C.theycanreadnovelsonthephone

D.theycancommunicatewiththeirfriendsmoreconveniently

问题5选项

A.theJapanesephoneculture

B.cultureandtechnology

C.allalike,alldifferent

D.handy,ifyouarethrifty

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句提到“Ifyoudon'tleaveyourphoneoninameetinginItaly,youarelikelytomissthenextone.”如果你在意大利开会时没有开手机,你可能会错过下一个会议。因此A选项“他担心错过商机”与工作商务有关,符合题意。B选项“他的家人可能会在紧急情况下打电话给他”;C选项“他认为不回复手机来电是不礼貌的”;D选项“他需要及时获知工作日程的最新变化”。

2.推理判断题。文章第三段提到“Technologiesarealways"bothconstructiveandconstructedbyhistorical,social,andculturalcontexts,"”技术始终是有建设性的,且由历史、社会和文化背景构成。因为C选项“文化影响技术的发展”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第三段提到“ButinthenextdecadeJapanwaswidelyseenasthemodelforthemobilefuture,givenitsearlyembraceofthemobileinternet.”但在接下来的十年中,考虑到日本早期对移动互联网的接受,它被广泛视为移动未来的模式。因此C选项“日本人很早就使用移动互联网”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第四段提到“Harriedteenagers,inparticular,havefewchancesforprivateconversationsandtalkingonthephoneinpublicisfrownedupon,ifnotoutlawed.Hencetheappealofmobiledataservices.”尤其是那些苦恼的青少年,很少有机会私下交谈,如果不是违法的话,在公共场合打电话也是不受欢迎的。因此,移动数据服务具有吸引力。可知D选项“他们可以更方便地与他们的朋友交流”正确。

5.主旨大意题。由文章第一段第一句“Yettheseglobaltrendshidestarklydifferentnationalandregionalstories”然而这些全球趋势隐藏了不同的国家和地区的故事。第二段第一句“Othermundanefactorsalsoaffecthowphonesareused”其他世俗的因素也会影响手机的使用方式。可知本文主要以手机为例,表达全球化的共性和个性,因此选C“都相似,都各不同”。

14.单选题

Ifyouturnitedgewiseyou’llgetthedeskthroughthedoor.

问题1选项

A.outwards

B.forwards

C.sideways

D.inwards

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A项outwards“向外地”,B项forwards“向前,今后”,C项sideways“向侧面地,间接地”,D项inwards“向内地,向中心地”。句意:如果你把它斜着转,你就能把桌子穿过门。根据句意可知,edgewise在句中表示“斜着”,四个选项中与之相近的意思只有C项符合。因此,该题选择C项。

15.单选题

Theremarkable(

)oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwinto

establishhistheoryofevolution.

问题1选项

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。classification“分类,类别”;variety“多样化”;density“密度”;diversion“转移,消遣”。句意:加拉帕戈斯群岛上生物显著的多样性激发了达尔文去建立自己的进化论。由后半句“激发了达尔文去建立自己的进化论”可推知该岛上的生物是多样的。答案B

16.单选题

The()ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

问题1选项

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash冲突;clarify澄清,阐明;clarity清澈,透明;clatter哗啦声,嘈杂声。句意:清澈的泉水吸引了许多来自全国各地的游客。选项C符合句意。

17.不定项选择题

Scientistsarehopingtoeliminatemalaria(疟疾)bydevelopingageneticallymodifiedmosquitothatcannottransmitthedisease.MalariahaslongtroubledthepopulationsofSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia,wheremosquitobitesinfectupto500millionpeopleayearwiththisseriousandsometimesfatalparasiticblooddisease.Forgenerations,scientistshavebeentryingtoeliminatemalariabydevelopingnewdrugsandusingpesticide(杀虫剂)towipeoutlocalmosquitopopulations.Butthesemeasuresaren’tworking—andsomescientist,likeGregLanzaro,saythatbecauseofdrugresistanceandpopulationchanges,malariaisactuallymoreprevalentnowthanitwas20yearsago.Lanzarosayshehasabetterwaytostopthespreadofmalaria:geneticallymodifyingmosquitoessotheyareunabletocarrythedisease.

Lanzaroandhiscolleaguesareplanningamulti-yearprojecttoproducemalaria-resistantmosquitoesandhethinkstheycandoitwithinfiveyears.“Wecangetforeignintomosquitoesandtheygowherethey’resupposedtogo,”Lanzarosays,pointingoutthatscientistshavealreadysucceededingeneticallyengineeringmosquitoesthatcannottransmitmalariatobirdsandmice.Andhesays,scientistsarequicklymakingprogressongenesthatblocktransmissionofthediseasetohumansaswell.

Themostdifficultpartscientifically,Lanzarosays,isfiguringouthowtogetthelab-engineeredmosquitoestospreadtheirgenesintonaturalpopulations.Afterall,hepointsout;it’suselesstoengineermosquitoesinthelabthatcan’ttransmitmalariawhentherearemillionsoutinthewildthatcan.Tosolvethisproblem,LanzarowantstoloadupamobilepieceofDMAwiththemalaria-resistantgene,andtheninsertitintoagroupofmosquitoembryos.Themalaria-resistantgenewouldbeintegrateddirectlyintothemosquitoes’DNA,makingitimpossibleforthosemosquitoestotransmittheparasitethatcausesmalaria.Inthiswayasmallgroupoflab-raisedmosquitoescouldbereleasedintothewild,andbyinterbreedingwithwildmosquitoes,eventuallytransmitthebeneficialgenetotheentirepopulation.

61.Onereasonformalariatobemorewidespreadnowisthat().

A.morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareas

B.mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticides

C.geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthedisease

D.mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear

62.Lanzaroishopefulthatinafewyearmancan().

A.starttoeliminatemalaria

B.cureparasiticblooddiseases

C.preventmicefromtransmittingparasites

D.acquireimmunityagainstmalaria

63.Lanzaroisconfidentthatscientistcanblockthetransmissionsofmalariatohumansbecause().

A.naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchange

B.scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmice

C.foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequired

D.lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs

64.WhatisthemostdifficultpartofLanzaro’sproject?

A.Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations.

B.Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes.

C.Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria.

D.Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes.

65.Accordingtothepassage,afundamentalwaytowipeoutmalariaisto().

A.developnewmalaria-resistantdrugs

B.produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoes

C.changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoes

D.removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareas

问题1选项

A.morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareas

B.mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticides

C.geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthedisease

D.mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear

问题2选项

A.starttoeliminatemalaria

B.cureparasiticblooddiseases

C.preventmicefromtransmittingparasites

D.acquireimmunityagainstmalaria

问题3选项

A.naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchange

B.scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmice

C.foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequired

D.lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs

问题4选项

A.Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations.

B.Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes.

C.Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria.

D.Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes.

问题5选项

A.developnewmalaria-resistantdrugs

B.produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoes

C.changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoes

D.removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareas

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。由malariatobemorewidespread定位到文章第一段倒数第二句“…becauseofdrugresistanceandpopulationchanges,malariaisactuallymoreprevalentnowthanitwas20yearsago”,由于耐药性和人口变化,疟疾现在实际上比20年前更流行。由此可知,疟疾的流行与其耐药性有关。A选项“morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareas”,意为“更多的人搬到疟疾感染地区”,这是疟疾变得更流行后的结果,它导致了更多的人住在疟疾感染地区;B选项“mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticides”意为“蚊子已对杀虫剂产生了抗药性”,蚊子就是疟疾的传播者,蚊子对杀虫剂产生耐药性,所以疟疾传播得更广;C选项“geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthedisease”意为“转基因蚊子仍然传播这种疾病”,原文中科学家们试图通过转基因的蚊子来消灭疟疾,这些转基因蚊子是不能传播疾病的;D选项“mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear”意为“蚊子每年叮咬多达5亿人”,这是现状不是导致的原因。因此B选项符合题意。

第2题:判断推理题。由Lanzaro定位到文章第二段第一句“Lanzaroandhiscolleaguesareplanningamulti-yearprojecttoproducemalaria-resistantmosquitoesandhethinkstheycandoitwithinfiveyears”,兰萨罗和他的同事们正在计划一个长期的项目来制造抗疟疾的蚊子,他认为他们可以在5年内做到。由此可知,兰萨罗正计划消灭疟疾。A选项“starttoeliminatemalaria”,意为“开始消灭疟疾”,与原文相符;B选项“cureparasiticblooddiseases”意为“治疗寄生虫性血液病”,与原文不符,兰萨罗不是治疗疾病而是寻找消灭疟疾的办法;C选项“preventmicefromtransmittingparasites”意为“防止老鼠传播寄生虫”,与原文不符,原文中是蚊子不会传播寄生虫给老鼠;D选项“acquireimmunityagainstmalaria”意为“获得抗疟疾免疫力”,原文并未提及抗疟疾免疫力。因此A选项符合题意。

第3题:判断推理题。由Lanzaro定位到文章第二段第二句“…pointingoutthatscientistshavealreadysucceededingeneticallyengineeringmosquitoesthatcannottransmitmalariatobirdsandmice”,他指出,科学家已经成功地对蚊子进行了基因改造,使它们不会将疟疾传播给鸟类和老鼠。由此可知,科学家在鸟类和老鼠身上已经取得了成功,蚊子不会传播寄生虫到它们身上。A选项“naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchange”,意为“蚊子的自然数量不会改变”,原文未提及蚊子数量的变化;B选项“scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmice”意为“科学家已经在鸟类和老鼠身上取得了成功”,与原文相符;C选项“foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequired”意为“外来基因总是去需要它们的地方”,与原文不符,原文是让外来基因进入蚊子体内;D选项“lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs”意为“实验室饲养的蚊子不会对药物产生抗药性”,原文并未提及实验室蚊子的抗药性。因此B选项符合题意。

第4题:事实细节题。由mostdifficultpart定位到文章第三段第一句“Themostdifficultpartscientifically,Lanzarosays,isfiguringouthowtogetthelab-engineeredmosquitoestospreadtheirgenesintonaturalpopulations”,兰萨罗说,科学上最困难的部分是弄清楚如何让实验室改造的蚊子将它们的基因传播到自然种群中。由此可知,将抗疟疾基因传播到蚊子的自然种群中是兰萨罗面对的难题。A选项“Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations”,意为“将抗疟疾基因传播到天然蚊子种群中”,与原文相符;B选项“Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes”意为“培育抗疟疾的蚊子”,原文中实验室已经培育出抗疟疾的蚊子;C选项“Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria”意为“制造阻止疟疾传播的基因”,与原文不符,原文中实验室已经能制造抗疟疾的基因;D选项“Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes”意为“识别抗疟疾基因”,原文中实验室可以将抗疟疾基因插入蚊子胚胎,说明识别抗疟疾基因不是难题。因此A选项符合题意。

第5题:判断推理题。由afundamentalwaytowipeoutmalaria定位到文章第一段最后一句“Lanzarosayshehasabetterwaytostopthespreadofmalaria:geneticallymodifyingmosquitoessotheyareunabletocarrythedisease”,兰萨罗说,他有一个更好的方法来阻止疟疾的传播:对蚊子进行基因改造,使它们无法携带这种疾病。由此可知,改变蚊子的基因,使它们携带抗疟疾基因是阻止疟疾传播的有效办法。C选项“changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoes”意为“改变蚊子的基因组成”与原文相符。A选项“developnewmalaria-resistantdrugs”,意为“开发新的抗疟疾药物”,B选项“produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoes”意为“生产有效的杀虫剂杀死蚊子”和D选项“removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareas”意为“将人移出疟疾感染地区”,这三种办法原文均没有提及。因此C选项符合题意。

18.单选题

Ityouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successorfailure,inyouworkwoulddepend,to(1)greatextent,onyourabilitytouseyourstrengthsandweaknessestothebestadvantage.

(2)

theutmostimportanceisyouraltitude.Apersonwhobeginsajobconvincedthatheisn’tgoingtolikeitoris

(3)

thatheisgoingtoallailisexhibitingaweaknesswhichcanonlyhinderhissuccess.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoissecureinhisbeliefthatheisprobablyascapableofdoingtheworkasanyoneelseandwhoiswillingtomakeacheerfulattempt

(4)

itpossessesacertainstrengthofpurpose.Thechancesarethathewilldowell.

(5)theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.Lackingthoseskillsisobviouslyaweakness.Abookkeeperwhocan'tadd,oracarpenterwhocan'tcutastraightlinewithasaw

(6)

hopelesscases.Thisbookhasbeendesignedtohelpyoucapitalize

(7)

thestrengthandovercometheweaknessthatyoubringtothejoboflearning.Butingroupstomeasureyourdevelopment,youmustfirst

(8)

stockofsomewhereyourstandnow.Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe

(9)

with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.However,tobeginwith,youshouldpausetoexamineyourpresentstrengthsandweaknessesinthreeareasthatarecriticaltoyoursuccessorfailureinschool;your

(10)

,yourreadingandcommunicationskills,and.yourstudyhabits.

问题1选项

A.a

B.the

C.some

D.certain

问题2选项

A.Outof

B.Of

C.To

D.Into

问题3选项

A.ensure

B.certain

C.sure

D.surely

问题4选项

A.near

B.on

C.by

D.at

问题5选项

A.Have

B.Had

C.Having

D.Hadbeen

问题6选项

A.being

B.been

C.are

D.is

问题7选项

A.except

B.but

C.for

D.on

问题8选项

A.make

B.take

C.do

D.give

问题9选项

A.deal

B.dealt

C.bedealt

D.dealing

问题10选项

A.intelligence

B.work

C.attitude

D.weakness

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:D

第8题:B

第9题:D

第10题:C

【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。toagreatextent为固定搭配,意为“很大程度上,非常”。

(2)of与名词连用,表示具有某种性质,状态,位于句首,表示强调。正常语序为:Yourattitudeisoftheutmostimportance.(beof+名词)

(3)考查固定搭配。or后面省略了主语he,besurethat后面加从句,此处表示“或肯定不适应这项工作”。

(4)考查固定搭配。attempt用作名词时,意为“努力,尝试,试图”。makeanattemptonsth.“试图夺取”,makeanattemptat意为“打算,试图”。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句子“25theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.”缺少主语,have与theprerequisite之间是主动关系,故用其动名词形式,表示“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”。

(6)考查主谓一致。or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词采用就近原则,即谓语与靠近的名词在“人称,数”上保持一致。“abookkeeper...oracarpenter”是本句的主语,因此谓语动词用单选,选D。

(7)考查固定搭配。capitalizeon是固定搭配,意为“充分利用某事物”。

(8)考查固定搭配。takestockof是固定搭配,意为“估计,考虑”。

(9)考查时态。句子“Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe_____with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.(随着我们进一步了解这本书,我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程)”为将来时,因此选D。

(10)考查逻辑关系。根据前面的“______theutmostimportanceisyourattitude”可知此处选C,与文章前面的内容相呼应。

19.单选题

MissHelenalwaysbuys(

)pricedclothes.

问题1选项

A.higher

B.high

C.highest

D.highly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:海伦小姐经常买高价的衣服。选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

Insomeways,theUnitesStateshasmadespectacularprogress.Firesnolongerdestroy18.000buildingsastheydidintheGreatChicagoFireof1871,orkillhalfatownof2,400people,astheydidthesamenightinPeshtigo,Wisconsin.OtherthantheBeverlyHillSupperClubfireinKentuckyin1977,ithasbeenfourdecadessincemorethan100Americansdiesinafire.

ButevenwithsuchsuccessestheUnitedStatesstillhasoneoftheworstfiredeathratesintheworld.Safetyexpertssaytheproblemisneithermoneynortechnology,buttheindifferenceofacountrythatjustwillnottakefiresseriouslyenough.

Americanfiredepartmentsaresomeoftheworld'sfastestandbestequipped.Theyhavetobe.TheUnitedStateshastwiceJapan’spopulati

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